Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.805-822
Qiuli Lin, Jun Cai, Yisi Xue
Homogeneity of products is a serious problem in China’s solid wood furniture market, especially reflected in the fact that the furniture form cannot meet the individualized demand of consumers. To explore the differences of consumers’ affective response for different styles of solid wood furniture, this study used Kansei engineering to perform perceptual semantic experiments on Ming-style, Qing-style, and modern Chinese-style furniture. The perceptual images of three styles of solid wood chairs were compared by single factor variance. Additionally, it deconstructed the morphological elements of solid wood seats using morphological analysis and established a mapping model between morphological elements and affective response by quantification theory type-I and multivariable linear regression model. The results show that there are differences in affective response between Ming-style, Qing-style, and modern Chinese style solid wood furniture. Qing-style solid wood furniture tends to be “ornate” and “personalized”. Modern Chinese-style solid wood furniture tends to be “modern” and “streamlined”, Ming-style solid wood furniture is in between the two styles. This study can provide furniture designers with a way to compare the differences in affective responses of different products, and the resulting relationship between affective responses and morphological elements can assist in designing products.
{"title":"Affective response difference to the viewing of different styles of solid wood furniture based on Kansei engineering","authors":"Qiuli Lin, Jun Cai, Yisi Xue","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.805-822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.805-822","url":null,"abstract":"Homogeneity of products is a serious problem in China’s solid wood furniture market, especially reflected in the fact that the furniture form cannot meet the individualized demand of consumers. To explore the differences of consumers’ affective response for different styles of solid wood furniture, this study used Kansei engineering to perform perceptual semantic experiments on Ming-style, Qing-style, and modern Chinese-style furniture. The perceptual images of three styles of solid wood chairs were compared by single factor variance. Additionally, it deconstructed the morphological elements of solid wood seats using morphological analysis and established a mapping model between morphological elements and affective response by quantification theory type-I and multivariable linear regression model. The results show that there are differences in affective response between Ming-style, Qing-style, and modern Chinese style solid wood furniture. Qing-style solid wood furniture tends to be “ornate” and “personalized”. Modern Chinese-style solid wood furniture tends to be “modern” and “streamlined”, Ming-style solid wood furniture is in between the two styles. This study can provide furniture designers with a way to compare the differences in affective responses of different products, and the resulting relationship between affective responses and morphological elements can assist in designing products.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.823-841
M. Dhayalan, Sheikdawood Parveen, Sathiyapriya Thirumalaisamy, Faruq Mohammad, H. Al-Lohedan, Savaas Umar Mohammed Riyaz, Rakshi Anuja Dinesh, Jayant Giri, A. Stalin, G. Rajasekhar Reddy, Natarajan Anandakumar, Saurav Mallik
Herbal plants have been used, in light of their responsiveness and wide availability, for the construction of a pioneering nanomaterial. In this study, a colloidal suspension of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was synthesized from an extract of Madhuca longifolia (ML) using chloroauric acid. For biomedical applications, Madhuca longifolia (ML) was used as a bioreductant as well as a capping agent The formed ML-GNPs were analyzed using different analytical techniques, antioxidant assays, and thiazolyl blue formazan assay against A549 cell lines to evaluate clinical relevance. They were further evaluated for their influence on antimicrobial activity using a disc diffusion test against two different microorganisms, Proteus vulgaris and Micrococcus luteus. The ML-GNPs produced had good antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. The conformation of the XRD spectra with prominent characteristic planes was indexed to the face-centered cubic (fcc)-structured GNPs. Surface morphology analysis was used to determine the particle size of the GNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the samples were used to determine the analogs for strong H bonding. The MIC values of biogenic GNPs against both strains of Proteus vulgaris and Micrococcus luteus was calculated as 0.29 and 0.96 g/mL, respectively, and triclosan was considered as 0.4 and 2 g/mL, respectively. The findings of this study will be beneficial for future studies of the therapeutic potential of ML-GNPs. Actively, ML-GNPs can be a capable material for formulating nanomedicines after subsequent clinical experiments.
{"title":"Evaluating the therapeutic importance of gold nanoparticles formed by the biogenic synthesis route of Madhuca longifolia reduction","authors":"M. Dhayalan, Sheikdawood Parveen, Sathiyapriya Thirumalaisamy, Faruq Mohammad, H. Al-Lohedan, Savaas Umar Mohammed Riyaz, Rakshi Anuja Dinesh, Jayant Giri, A. Stalin, G. Rajasekhar Reddy, Natarajan Anandakumar, Saurav Mallik","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.823-841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.823-841","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal plants have been used, in light of their responsiveness and wide availability, for the construction of a pioneering nanomaterial. In this study, a colloidal suspension of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was synthesized from an extract of Madhuca longifolia (ML) using chloroauric acid. For biomedical applications, Madhuca longifolia (ML) was used as a bioreductant as well as a capping agent The formed ML-GNPs were analyzed using different analytical techniques, antioxidant assays, and thiazolyl blue formazan assay against A549 cell lines to evaluate clinical relevance. They were further evaluated for their influence on antimicrobial activity using a disc diffusion test against two different microorganisms, Proteus vulgaris and Micrococcus luteus. The ML-GNPs produced had good antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. The conformation of the XRD spectra with prominent characteristic planes was indexed to the face-centered cubic (fcc)-structured GNPs. Surface morphology analysis was used to determine the particle size of the GNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the samples were used to determine the analogs for strong H bonding. The MIC values of biogenic GNPs against both strains of Proteus vulgaris and Micrococcus luteus was calculated as 0.29 and 0.96 g/mL, respectively, and triclosan was considered as 0.4 and 2 g/mL, respectively. The findings of this study will be beneficial for future studies of the therapeutic potential of ML-GNPs. Actively, ML-GNPs can be a capable material for formulating nanomedicines after subsequent clinical experiments.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"15 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138980936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The climbing of trees to pick pinecones is a high-risk exercise. In this study, a mechanical gripper jaw was designed. Frictional characteristics between the pinecones and the mechanical gripper jaw during pinecone picking under different conditions were investigated using a workbench simulation, homemade inclined friction meter, and mass tester. Three-level orthogonal and one-factor tests were conducted. The relationship between the water content and friction properties and between the water content and hardness were investigated, and conclusions were drawn on how water content affected friction properties by influencing hardness. The results showed that the contact material greatly affected the friction properties. The pinecone water content was maintained between 24% and 28% to ensure that the coefficient of friction was maximized and that the pinecones were sufficiently hard to dislodge. Additionally, a prototype machine was used to perform pinecone-gripping experiments to validate the experimental and simulation results. Consequently, the results of this study provide a useful reference for the structural design of pinecone picking robots and the picking reason.
{"title":"Frictional properties of red pine cones harvested under different conditions","authors":"Yunze Ren, Chi Teng, Tong Gao, Ying Zhang, Hui Liu, Xibin Dong","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.766-788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.766-788","url":null,"abstract":"The climbing of trees to pick pinecones is a high-risk exercise. In this study, a mechanical gripper jaw was designed. Frictional characteristics between the pinecones and the mechanical gripper jaw during pinecone picking under different conditions were investigated using a workbench simulation, homemade inclined friction meter, and mass tester. Three-level orthogonal and one-factor tests were conducted. The relationship between the water content and friction properties and between the water content and hardness were investigated, and conclusions were drawn on how water content affected friction properties by influencing hardness. The results showed that the contact material greatly affected the friction properties. The pinecone water content was maintained between 24% and 28% to ensure that the coefficient of friction was maximized and that the pinecones were sufficiently hard to dislodge. Additionally, a prototype machine was used to perform pinecone-gripping experiments to validate the experimental and simulation results. Consequently, the results of this study provide a useful reference for the structural design of pinecone picking robots and the picking reason.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"179 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.789-804
S. Ha, Ji Young Jung, Jung Myoung Lee, J. Yang
Hydrosols that originate from various aromatic botanical sources in natural or organic settings contain a spectrum of fragrant compounds, which can be extracted from leaves, stems, peels, flowers, and roots. These compounds are known to exhibit diverse medicinal properties. However, there is limited research on hydrosols extracted from Camellia japonica branches, specifically in terms of their potential to inhibit tyrosinase. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of these hydrosols and their effects on inhibiting tyrosinase. Hexamethyl-cyclotrisiloxane (38.1%) and vanillin (25.3%) were identified as the primary constituents in the hydrosol through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The inhibitory effects of the hydrosol, in comparison with the positive control arbutin, were evaluated against mushroom tyrosinase, revealing significant tyrosinase inhibitory properties for both the hydrosol and arbutin. Furthermore, in the presence of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, the hydrosol notably diminished melanogenesis, resulting in a substantial reduction in melanin production. Genetic and protein analyses were conducted to uncover the mechanisms behind the hydrosol’s inhibition of tyrosinase and reduction of melanin. The results suggest that the hydrosol may effectively shield melanocytes from detrimental factors associated with tyrosinase-related proteins. The anti-tyrosinase activity of the hydrosol indicates its potential for promoting skin lightening.
{"title":"Effect of hydrosol obtained from Camellia japonica branch on α-MSH-induced melanin and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells","authors":"S. Ha, Ji Young Jung, Jung Myoung Lee, J. Yang","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.789-804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.789-804","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrosols that originate from various aromatic botanical sources in natural or organic settings contain a spectrum of fragrant compounds, which can be extracted from leaves, stems, peels, flowers, and roots. These compounds are known to exhibit diverse medicinal properties. However, there is limited research on hydrosols extracted from Camellia japonica branches, specifically in terms of their potential to inhibit tyrosinase. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of these hydrosols and their effects on inhibiting tyrosinase. Hexamethyl-cyclotrisiloxane (38.1%) and vanillin (25.3%) were identified as the primary constituents in the hydrosol through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The inhibitory effects of the hydrosol, in comparison with the positive control arbutin, were evaluated against mushroom tyrosinase, revealing significant tyrosinase inhibitory properties for both the hydrosol and arbutin. Furthermore, in the presence of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, the hydrosol notably diminished melanogenesis, resulting in a substantial reduction in melanin production. Genetic and protein analyses were conducted to uncover the mechanisms behind the hydrosol’s inhibition of tyrosinase and reduction of melanin. The results suggest that the hydrosol may effectively shield melanocytes from detrimental factors associated with tyrosinase-related proteins. The anti-tyrosinase activity of the hydrosol indicates its potential for promoting skin lightening.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"254 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.732-750
E. Sugahara, André Manuel Alves Dias, Edson Cocchieri Botelho, Alfredo Manuel Pereira Geraldes Dias, Cristiane Inácio de Campos
The use of wood-based panels such as Oriented Strand Board has grown in civil construction. This follows the contemporary trend towards low environmental impact materials. However, there is a lack of relevant information about their life cycle assessment, appearing as a current and relevant research topic. Experimental panels made with Eucalyptus wood and castor oil-based polyurethane adhesive already demonstrated great physical-mechanical performance. Therefore, this study aimed to continue the evaluation of this innovative product, estimating their potential environmental impacts using life cycle assessment from a cradle-to-gate perspective and comparing the results with traditional panels and literature data. System boundaries, environmental impacts and environmental hotspots were identified using the ReCiPe H method in terms of ten impact categories. Comparing experimental (heat-treated) and traditional panels, the experimental versions performed better in most categories and showed safer behavior in categories related to human health in addition to not using paraffin, termiticide, and other organic chemicals presented in the traditional panels. Though made of different types of adhesives, the adhesive was the main environmental hotspot for both types.
定向刨花板等人造板在民用建筑中的使用越来越多。这也顺应了当代低环境影响材料的发展趋势。然而，有关其生命周期评估的相关信息却很缺乏，而这正是当前的一个相关研究课题。使用桉树木材和蓖麻油基聚氨酯粘合剂制作的实验板材已经表现出了良好的物理机械性能。因此，本研究旨在继续评估这种创新产品，从 "从摇篮到终点 "的角度，利用生命周期评估估算其潜在的环境影响，并将结果与传统板材和文献数据进行比较。使用 ReCiPe H 方法从十个影响类别中确定了系统边界、环境影响和环境热点。对比实验板（热处理板）和传统板，实验板在大多数类别中表现更好，除了不使用石蜡、杀白蚁剂和传统板中出现的其他有机化学物质外，在与人类健康相关的类别中表现得更安全。虽然使用了不同类型的粘合剂，但粘合剂是这两种板材的主要环境热点。
{"title":"Environmental evaluation of experimental heat-treated oriented strand board","authors":"E. Sugahara, André Manuel Alves Dias, Edson Cocchieri Botelho, Alfredo Manuel Pereira Geraldes Dias, Cristiane Inácio de Campos","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.732-750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.732-750","url":null,"abstract":"The use of wood-based panels such as Oriented Strand Board has grown in civil construction. This follows the contemporary trend towards low environmental impact materials. However, there is a lack of relevant information about their life cycle assessment, appearing as a current and relevant research topic. Experimental panels made with Eucalyptus wood and castor oil-based polyurethane adhesive already demonstrated great physical-mechanical performance. Therefore, this study aimed to continue the evaluation of this innovative product, estimating their potential environmental impacts using life cycle assessment from a cradle-to-gate perspective and comparing the results with traditional panels and literature data. System boundaries, environmental impacts and environmental hotspots were identified using the ReCiPe H method in terms of ten impact categories. Comparing experimental (heat-treated) and traditional panels, the experimental versions performed better in most categories and showed safer behavior in categories related to human health in addition to not using paraffin, termiticide, and other organic chemicals presented in the traditional panels. Though made of different types of adhesives, the adhesive was the main environmental hotspot for both types.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"93 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.751-765
S. K. Hosseinihashemi, Sayed Khosrow Hosseinashrafi, Mehrnoush Kelkian, Zohreh Shafighi, Luiz Claudio Almeida Barbosa
The essential oils extracted from the cone scale (CS), seed (SE), and thin branch with leaf (BL) of Taxodium distichum harvested during the winter season were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Up to 37 components were identified, accounting for more than 96% of the total oil volume in all samples. Monoterpenes (CS 93.4%, SE 85.2%, and BL 72.8%) represented the major constituents of the essential oils, followed by smaller quantities of sesquiterpenoids. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) dominated, with limonene (CS 56.5%, SE 50.5%, and BL 43.8%) and α-pinene (CS 31.7%, SE 26.1%, and BL 16.2%) being the main constituents. Representative minor constituents in the CS oil are camphene (1.3%) and bornyl acetate (2.6%); in the SE oil, β-myrcene (1.7%) and bornyl acetate (5.1%) were found; and in BL essential oil, β-myrcene (3.1%) and bornyl acetate (6%). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (CS 4.6%, SE 7.8%, and BL 12.9%) were the other major subclasses of components, with caryophyllene (CS 4.1%, SE 6.8%, and BL 9.3%) as the main constituent. The only oxygen-containing sesquiterpene found was caryophyllene oxide (CS 1.5%, SE 5.5%, and BL 8.3%). The compounds could be of great interest in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications.
{"title":"Chemical composition and content of essential oil from cultivated bald cypress (Taxodium distichum L.)","authors":"S. K. Hosseinihashemi, Sayed Khosrow Hosseinashrafi, Mehrnoush Kelkian, Zohreh Shafighi, Luiz Claudio Almeida Barbosa","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.751-765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.751-765","url":null,"abstract":"The essential oils extracted from the cone scale (CS), seed (SE), and thin branch with leaf (BL) of Taxodium distichum harvested during the winter season were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Up to 37 components were identified, accounting for more than 96% of the total oil volume in all samples. Monoterpenes (CS 93.4%, SE 85.2%, and BL 72.8%) represented the major constituents of the essential oils, followed by smaller quantities of sesquiterpenoids. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) dominated, with limonene (CS 56.5%, SE 50.5%, and BL 43.8%) and α-pinene (CS 31.7%, SE 26.1%, and BL 16.2%) being the main constituents. Representative minor constituents in the CS oil are camphene (1.3%) and bornyl acetate (2.6%); in the SE oil, β-myrcene (1.7%) and bornyl acetate (5.1%) were found; and in BL essential oil, β-myrcene (3.1%) and bornyl acetate (6%). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (CS 4.6%, SE 7.8%, and BL 12.9%) were the other major subclasses of components, with caryophyllene (CS 4.1%, SE 6.8%, and BL 9.3%) as the main constituent. The only oxygen-containing sesquiterpene found was caryophyllene oxide (CS 1.5%, SE 5.5%, and BL 8.3%). The compounds could be of great interest in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"41 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.716-731
Zeqing Wan, Yu Zhang, Yan Liu, Xiuyuan Fang, Meng Gong
Compared with natural wood, laminated veneer lumber has the characteristics of high strength, flexible specifications, excellent stability, and good economy. In order to study the bearing capacity of LVL trusses, the mechanical properties of LVL materials were tested. The static load test was carried out by using 3 pieces of LVL truss, and the load-deflection relationship, load-strain relationship, bearing capacity and failure mode of LVL trusses were studied. Based on the simplified joint analysis method, the metal plate connection and bolted truss were analyzed, and the bearing capacity calculation formula was developed. The results show that the upper chord instability is the main failure mode for large-span light LVL truss. A simplified formula for bearing capacity of LVL truss was proposed, and the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, an application example of LVL truss engineering design and construction is briefly introduced. The research can provide technical support for the promotion and application of LVL truss of lightweight poplar wood.
{"title":"Study on bearing capacity of LVL asymmetric truss of lightweight poplar wood","authors":"Zeqing Wan, Yu Zhang, Yan Liu, Xiuyuan Fang, Meng Gong","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.716-731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.716-731","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with natural wood, laminated veneer lumber has the characteristics of high strength, flexible specifications, excellent stability, and good economy. In order to study the bearing capacity of LVL trusses, the mechanical properties of LVL materials were tested. The static load test was carried out by using 3 pieces of LVL truss, and the load-deflection relationship, load-strain relationship, bearing capacity and failure mode of LVL trusses were studied. Based on the simplified joint analysis method, the metal plate connection and bolted truss were analyzed, and the bearing capacity calculation formula was developed. The results show that the upper chord instability is the main failure mode for large-span light LVL truss. A simplified formula for bearing capacity of LVL truss was proposed, and the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, an application example of LVL truss engineering design and construction is briefly introduced. The research can provide technical support for the promotion and application of LVL truss of lightweight poplar wood.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"32 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.695-715
C. Tenorio, R. Moya, O. Murillo, Jonathan Loría
Short-rotation crop (SRC) systems with woody species have been planted in Costa Rica. However, information about different tree species and spacing is limited. The objective of the present study was to examine biomass production and the physical, energy, and chemical properties of feedstock of four tropical tree species (Cordia alliodora, Dipteryx panamensis, Gmelina arborea, and Tectona grandis) in 34-month-old plants planted at four spacings (0.5×1.0 m, 1.0×1.0 m, 1.0×2.0 m, and 2.0×2.0 m). The highest mortality rate (50%) was found in G. arborea; however, diameter, height, basal area, and biomass production in G. arborea plantations were higher than T. grandis, C. alliodora, and D. panamensis. Spacing effects on diameter, height, basal area, and biomass production were observed in 10-month-olds. Wide spacing presented the highest values in diameter and height, but the highest biomass production was found in the narrow spacing. Also, biomass distribution was different in D. panamensis in relation to other species. Specify gravity, density, and moisture content of biomass showed high variation between species and spacing, but the energy and chemical properties of biomass showed few differences. These results suggest that these four species were uniform in terms of their energy and chemical properties, regardless of the spacing used. Finally, three species (G. arborea, C. alliodora, and T. grandis) presented important potential for use in SRC systems. G. arborea was the species with the highest production but a high mortality rate.
哥斯达黎加已经种植了含有木本物种的短轮作（SRC）系统。然而，有关不同树种和间距的信息十分有限。本研究的目的是考察四种热带树种（Cordia alliodora、Dipteryx panamensis、Gmelina arborea 和 Tectona grandis）的生物量产量以及原料的物理、能量和化学特性，这四种树种在 34 个月大的植株上以四种间距（0.5×1.0 米、1.0×1.0 米、1.0×2.0 米和 2.0×2.0 米）种植。G. arborea 的死亡率最高（50%）；但 G. arborea 种植园的直径、高度、基部面积和生物量产量均高于 T. grandis、C. alliodora 和 D. panamensis。间距对直径、高度、基部面积和生物量产量的影响在 10 个月的幼苗中均有观察到。宽行距的直径和高度值最高，但窄行距的生物量产量最高。此外，D. panamensis 的生物量分布与其他物种不同。生物质的比重、密度和含水量在不同物种和间距之间的差异很大，但生物质的能量和化学特性差异很小。这些结果表明，无论采用何种间距，这四个物种的能量和化学特性都是一致的。最后，有三个物种（G. arborea、C. alliodora 和 T. grandis）在 SRC 系统中具有重要的应用潜力。树袋熊是产量最高但死亡率较高的物种。
{"title":"Energy production and its characteristics from four tropical trees species planted in short rotation woody systems in Costa Rica","authors":"C. Tenorio, R. Moya, O. Murillo, Jonathan Loría","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.695-715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.695-715","url":null,"abstract":"Short-rotation crop (SRC) systems with woody species have been planted in Costa Rica. However, information about different tree species and spacing is limited. The objective of the present study was to examine biomass production and the physical, energy, and chemical properties of feedstock of four tropical tree species (Cordia alliodora, Dipteryx panamensis, Gmelina arborea, and Tectona grandis) in 34-month-old plants planted at four spacings (0.5×1.0 m, 1.0×1.0 m, 1.0×2.0 m, and 2.0×2.0 m). The highest mortality rate (50%) was found in G. arborea; however, diameter, height, basal area, and biomass production in G. arborea plantations were higher than T. grandis, C. alliodora, and D. panamensis. Spacing effects on diameter, height, basal area, and biomass production were observed in 10-month-olds. Wide spacing presented the highest values in diameter and height, but the highest biomass production was found in the narrow spacing. Also, biomass distribution was different in D. panamensis in relation to other species. Specify gravity, density, and moisture content of biomass showed high variation between species and spacing, but the energy and chemical properties of biomass showed few differences. These results suggest that these four species were uniform in terms of their energy and chemical properties, regardless of the spacing used. Finally, three species (G. arborea, C. alliodora, and T. grandis) presented important potential for use in SRC systems. G. arborea was the species with the highest production but a high mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.683-694
Briquettes as a product of biomass compaction is considered a renewable product for replacing fossil fuels. Briquettes can be produced from several sources using the development of technology. In this study, the effect of walnut shells as an organic binder on the properties of biofuel briquettes made of industrial and garden wastes was investigated. Cylindrical briquettes from walnut shell flour with weight ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% were prepared from industrial sawdust and ground garden residue with a weight ratio of 50/50. Briquettes were compacted under a temperature of 170 °C and pressure of 150 kg/cm2 for 30 s. Results indicated that the chemical analyses of compounds, compaction ratio, and density of the briquettes containing different proportions of walnut shells were not significantly different. The lowest fixed carbon was measured for briquettes containing 5% of walnut shell, and increasing the ratio of walnut shell significantly increased the compressive strength of the resulting briquette.
{"title":"Potential of walnut shell flour as a binder in briquette production from industrial and garden wastes","authors":"","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.683-694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.683-694","url":null,"abstract":"Briquettes as a product of biomass compaction is considered a renewable product for replacing fossil fuels. Briquettes can be produced from several sources using the development of technology. In this study, the effect of walnut shells as an organic binder on the properties of biofuel briquettes made of industrial and garden wastes was investigated. Cylindrical briquettes from walnut shell flour with weight ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% were prepared from industrial sawdust and ground garden residue with a weight ratio of 50/50. Briquettes were compacted under a temperature of 170 °C and pressure of 150 kg/cm2 for 30 s. Results indicated that the chemical analyses of compounds, compaction ratio, and density of the briquettes containing different proportions of walnut shells were not significantly different. The lowest fixed carbon was measured for briquettes containing 5% of walnut shell, and increasing the ratio of walnut shell significantly increased the compressive strength of the resulting briquette.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"160 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.670-682
De Li, Liping Yu, Lifen Li, Jiankun Liang, Zhigang Wu, Guifen Yang, Shuang Yin, Feiyan Gong
In this study, the influence of the diameter of round steel nails, the guiding bores, and the wood sections on the nail holding performance of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata dimension lumber was explored. The results showed that the nail-holding power of round steel nails mainly came from their friction with wood fibers, while the radial and tangential sections were also affected by the shearing action of wood fibers. The tangential section reached the largest nail-holding power, followed by the radial section and cross section. Greater wood density was associated with higher nail holding power. Under a large nail diameter, however, high-density wood was prone to plastic cracking, which influenced the nail holding power greatly. Prefabricated guiding bores could prevent plastic cracking in wood to some extent and improve the nail holding power of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata dimension lumber when diameter of round steel nails was more than 3.0 mm. For Cunninghamia lanceolata characterized by low density and rigidity, the wood fiber was in close contact with the round steel nail and internal cracking could not be easily generated under a large diameter of round steel nails.
{"title":"Comparison of nail-holding performance of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata dimension lumber based on round steel nails","authors":"De Li, Liping Yu, Lifen Li, Jiankun Liang, Zhigang Wu, Guifen Yang, Shuang Yin, Feiyan Gong","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.670-682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.670-682","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the influence of the diameter of round steel nails, the guiding bores, and the wood sections on the nail holding performance of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata dimension lumber was explored. The results showed that the nail-holding power of round steel nails mainly came from their friction with wood fibers, while the radial and tangential sections were also affected by the shearing action of wood fibers. The tangential section reached the largest nail-holding power, followed by the radial section and cross section. Greater wood density was associated with higher nail holding power. Under a large nail diameter, however, high-density wood was prone to plastic cracking, which influenced the nail holding power greatly. Prefabricated guiding bores could prevent plastic cracking in wood to some extent and improve the nail holding power of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata dimension lumber when diameter of round steel nails was more than 3.0 mm. For Cunninghamia lanceolata characterized by low density and rigidity, the wood fiber was in close contact with the round steel nail and internal cracking could not be easily generated under a large diameter of round steel nails.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"234 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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