Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.635-655
Đorđe Jevtović, Predrag Živković, Ana Milivojević, Dejan I. Bezbradica, Luc Van Der Auwera
Due to the high wastepaper recyclability and water-loop system closure, packaging paper mills struggle with increased fines, causing runnability issues. Cellulase enzymes are a preferred treatment choice for the improvement of the pulp refining in stock preparation area but are not widely used or easy to introduce in the production process. Different cellulase enzymes were tested, and those with the highest activity were introduced to the white-water (WW) samples with the aim to reduce fines content as potentially new enzyme applications on the paper machine. The first portion of the study involved the development of an experiment model to find and confirm the optimal enzyme process parameters (40 °C, pH 5.7, reaction time 3 h, and 0.18% v/v enzyme addition) for laboratory made white-water. The second portion of the study included turbidity, colloidal charge, flow cytometry (FCM), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis on industrial and laboratory made white-water samples at optimized process parameters. Obtained results corresponded to reduced fines content in white-water samples, which justified commercial usage of cellulase enzymes on recycled paper machine short loop and potentially increased machine runnability without negative influence on wastewater treatment plant.
{"title":"Reduction of fines in recycled paper white water via cellulase enzymes","authors":"Đorđe Jevtović, Predrag Živković, Ana Milivojević, Dejan I. Bezbradica, Luc Van Der Auwera","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.635-655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.635-655","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the high wastepaper recyclability and water-loop system closure, packaging paper mills struggle with increased fines, causing runnability issues. Cellulase enzymes are a preferred treatment choice for the improvement of the pulp refining in stock preparation area but are not widely used or easy to introduce in the production process. Different cellulase enzymes were tested, and those with the highest activity were introduced to the white-water (WW) samples with the aim to reduce fines content as potentially new enzyme applications on the paper machine. The first portion of the study involved the development of an experiment model to find and confirm the optimal enzyme process parameters (40 °C, pH 5.7, reaction time 3 h, and 0.18% v/v enzyme addition) for laboratory made white-water. The second portion of the study included turbidity, colloidal charge, flow cytometry (FCM), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis on industrial and laboratory made white-water samples at optimized process parameters. Obtained results corresponded to reduced fines content in white-water samples, which justified commercial usage of cellulase enzymes on recycled paper machine short loop and potentially increased machine runnability without negative influence on wastewater treatment plant.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138614413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.656-669
A. Suchta, J. Barański, Tatiana Vilkovská, I. Klement, Peter Vilkovský
The article presents the impact of drying process and selected parameters on the color changes on the surface of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.). Three predetermined process conditions (modes), mild, normal, and intensive, were investigated. The experiments were conducted using a semi-industrial scale dryer designed at the Gdańsk University of Technology with a loading capacity of 0.55 m3. The drying process was applied to pine wood grown in the northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. The specimens were selected taking into consideration the radial angle of the growth rings. During each drying mode, 25 pieces of wood with dimensions (thickness, width, length) of 0.03 m, 0.2 m, and 1.5 m, respectively, were dried. The total color change (ΔE) after drying process and color saturation (h*) before and after drying processes of the wood surface was determined using the normalized CIELAB methods. The obtained results indicated that the color change of the pine wood surface increased simultaneously with the intensification of the drying process. However, the normalized wood quality after drying under intensive drying process conditions remained within the standard limits. The application of intensive drying process conditions remarkably changes the surface color of the obtained material, while remarkably reducing the drying process duration.
{"title":"The impact of drying conditions on the surface color changes of pine wood","authors":"A. Suchta, J. Barański, Tatiana Vilkovská, I. Klement, Peter Vilkovský","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.656-669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.656-669","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the impact of drying process and selected parameters on the color changes on the surface of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.). Three predetermined process conditions (modes), mild, normal, and intensive, were investigated. The experiments were conducted using a semi-industrial scale dryer designed at the Gdańsk University of Technology with a loading capacity of 0.55 m3. The drying process was applied to pine wood grown in the northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. The specimens were selected taking into consideration the radial angle of the growth rings. During each drying mode, 25 pieces of wood with dimensions (thickness, width, length) of 0.03 m, 0.2 m, and 1.5 m, respectively, were dried. The total color change (ΔE) after drying process and color saturation (h*) before and after drying processes of the wood surface was determined using the normalized CIELAB methods. The obtained results indicated that the color change of the pine wood surface increased simultaneously with the intensification of the drying process. However, the normalized wood quality after drying under intensive drying process conditions remained within the standard limits. The application of intensive drying process conditions remarkably changes the surface color of the obtained material, while remarkably reducing the drying process duration.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"139 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.582-594
B. Altun
The possibilities of using organic wastes, such as hazelnut shells (HS), walnut shells (WS), hazelnut skins (HzS), and spent mushroom compost (SMC), as growth medium in cut flower rose cultivation in soilless substrate culture were investigated. The parameters, such as the date of cutting the flower (day), flower stem length (cm), flower stem diameter (mm), flower length (cm), flower diameter (cm), flower color, color of the top and bottom of the leaf, and yield (piece), were examined. In addition, samples taken from the growth medium at the beginning and ending stages of the experiment were analyzed. The first flowers were cut from the HzS +P medium 38 days after planting. The highest yield value (20.6 flower/plant) was obtained from SMC medium. The longest flowers (63.89 ± 0.947 cm) and the thickest stem flowers (5.86 ± 0.136 mm) were cut from the control medium. It was determined that the media also affected the flower and leaf colors. According to the results obtained, SMC and HzS+perlite mediums can be recommended as an alternative to cocopeat in the production of cut roses in soilless substrate culture.
{"title":"Possibilities of using organic wastes as a growing medium in soilless culture for cut flower rose","authors":"B. Altun","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.582-594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.582-594","url":null,"abstract":"The possibilities of using organic wastes, such as hazelnut shells (HS), walnut shells (WS), hazelnut skins (HzS), and spent mushroom compost (SMC), as growth medium in cut flower rose cultivation in soilless substrate culture were investigated. The parameters, such as the date of cutting the flower (day), flower stem length (cm), flower stem diameter (mm), flower length (cm), flower diameter (cm), flower color, color of the top and bottom of the leaf, and yield (piece), were examined. In addition, samples taken from the growth medium at the beginning and ending stages of the experiment were analyzed. The first flowers were cut from the HzS +P medium 38 days after planting. The highest yield value (20.6 flower/plant) was obtained from SMC medium. The longest flowers (63.89 ± 0.947 cm) and the thickest stem flowers (5.86 ± 0.136 mm) were cut from the control medium. It was determined that the media also affected the flower and leaf colors. According to the results obtained, SMC and HzS+perlite mediums can be recommended as an alternative to cocopeat in the production of cut roses in soilless substrate culture.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.605-619
M. Ibrahim, Noremylia Mohd Bakhori, Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor, Roslina Mohammad, Sa’ardin Abd Aziz, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, H. Kuan, M. Mahardika, M. Z. Hassan
Kenaf fiber is gaining prominence because of its ability as a natural-based reinforced material in advanced composites. However, kenaf contains a hygroscopic natural waxy substance that covers the fiber layer, providing a low surface tension and preventing strong bonding with the polymer matrix. The goal of this study is to optimize the blending parameters of kenaf fiber-reinforced epoxy composites by alkali treatment concentration, length, and fiber-matrix loading using central composite design. The maximum tensile strength was obtained at 6.03 wt% of NaOH concentration, fiber loading of 26.02 wt%, and fiber length at 7.39 mm, which showed a strong correlation between experimental and predicted values. The analysis of variance function model indicated that fiber length, sodium hydroxide concentration, and fiber loading all play important roles in mechanical properties of composites. Based on the fracture surface observations, kenaf fiber composite strength was closely related to bonding at fiber-matrix interfaces. The most common failure modes in the samples were voids, matrix fracture, fiber breakage, weak bonding, and fiber pull-out.
槿麻纤维作为先进复合材料中的天然增强材料，其地位日益突出。然而，槿麻含有一种吸湿性天然蜡质，覆盖在纤维层上，表面张力低，无法与聚合物基体牢固粘合。本研究的目的是利用中心复合设计，通过碱处理浓度、长度和纤维-基体负载，优化剑麻纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的混合参数。在 NaOH 浓度为 6.03 wt%、纤维负载量为 26.02 wt%、纤维长度为 7.39 mm 时，拉伸强度最大，实验值与预测值之间具有很强的相关性。方差函数分析模型表明，纤维长度、氢氧化钠浓度和纤维负载量对复合材料的力学性能都有重要影响。根据断裂面观察，槿麻纤维复合材料的强度与纤维-基体界面的粘结密切相关。样品中最常见的破坏模式是空洞、基体断裂、纤维断裂、弱粘合和纤维拉出。
{"title":"Central composite design for optimization of kenaf-reinforced epoxy composite bonding performance","authors":"M. Ibrahim, Noremylia Mohd Bakhori, Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor, Roslina Mohammad, Sa’ardin Abd Aziz, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, H. Kuan, M. Mahardika, M. Z. Hassan","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.605-619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.605-619","url":null,"abstract":"Kenaf fiber is gaining prominence because of its ability as a natural-based reinforced material in advanced composites. However, kenaf contains a hygroscopic natural waxy substance that covers the fiber layer, providing a low surface tension and preventing strong bonding with the polymer matrix. The goal of this study is to optimize the blending parameters of kenaf fiber-reinforced epoxy composites by alkali treatment concentration, length, and fiber-matrix loading using central composite design. The maximum tensile strength was obtained at 6.03 wt% of NaOH concentration, fiber loading of 26.02 wt%, and fiber length at 7.39 mm, which showed a strong correlation between experimental and predicted values. The analysis of variance function model indicated that fiber length, sodium hydroxide concentration, and fiber loading all play important roles in mechanical properties of composites. Based on the fracture surface observations, kenaf fiber composite strength was closely related to bonding at fiber-matrix interfaces. The most common failure modes in the samples were voids, matrix fracture, fiber breakage, weak bonding, and fiber pull-out.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"72 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.595-604
Suman Pradhan, Edward D. Entsminger, Mostafa Mohammadabadi, Daniel Seale, K. Ragon
Rice husks, a byproduct of rice milling, were used to develop composite boards. Different processing methods, grinding, and treating with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were adopted to improve the bonding and mechanical performance. NaOH solution was prepared at 5% (wt/v) concentration. The effect of different adhesives, phenol formaldehyde (PF), and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI), was evaluated. Rice husks mixed with resin were hot pressed to the target density of 768 kg/m3 and thickness of 12.7 mm. Specimens cut from these flat panels were submitted to bending, internal bond, water absorption, and thickness swelling tests. Results revealed that chemical treatment with NaOH significantly improved fiber-to-fiber bonding of rice husks. Internal bond strength of specimens made from chemically treated rice husks increased at least 1000% compared to others. Considering the mechanical properties and water uptake, rice husk boards fabricated with unprocessed rice husks and pMDI showed a better performance.
{"title":"Evaluation of rice husk composite boards prepared using different adhesives and processing methods","authors":"Suman Pradhan, Edward D. Entsminger, Mostafa Mohammadabadi, Daniel Seale, K. Ragon","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.595-604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.595-604","url":null,"abstract":"Rice husks, a byproduct of rice milling, were used to develop composite boards. Different processing methods, grinding, and treating with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were adopted to improve the bonding and mechanical performance. NaOH solution was prepared at 5% (wt/v) concentration. The effect of different adhesives, phenol formaldehyde (PF), and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI), was evaluated. Rice husks mixed with resin were hot pressed to the target density of 768 kg/m3 and thickness of 12.7 mm. Specimens cut from these flat panels were submitted to bending, internal bond, water absorption, and thickness swelling tests. Results revealed that chemical treatment with NaOH significantly improved fiber-to-fiber bonding of rice husks. Internal bond strength of specimens made from chemically treated rice husks increased at least 1000% compared to others. Considering the mechanical properties and water uptake, rice husk boards fabricated with unprocessed rice husks and pMDI showed a better performance.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.568-581
Herminia López-Salazar, B. Camacho-Díaz, M. L. A. Ocampo, R. Campos-Mendiola, R. Martínez-Velarde, Argelia López-Bonilla, A. Jiménez–Aparicio
β-sitosterol (BSS) and β-sitosterol glucoside (BSSG) were extracted from Agave angustifolia Haw bagasse using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The quantification and characterization of BSS and BSSG were performed through high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). With an extraction time of 9 seconds using MAE, a higher amount of BSS (103.6 mg of β-sitosterol per gram of dry weight of extract) was obtained compared to BSSG (61.6 mg of β-sitosterol glucoside per gram of dry weight of extract). MAE emerges as a promising method for the efficient recovery of β-sitosterol (BSS) and β-sitosterol glucoside (BSSG) from A. angustifolia bagasse. This enriches scientific knowledge regarding phytochemical extraction and holds great potential for various industries, such as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Additionally, by valorizing the by-products of the agave industry, this research contributes to the sustainable utilization of resources, aligning with the principles of green and circular economy practices.
{"title":"Microwave-assisted extraction of β-Sitosterol: A by-product from Agave angustifolia Haw bagasse","authors":"Herminia López-Salazar, B. Camacho-Díaz, M. L. A. Ocampo, R. Campos-Mendiola, R. Martínez-Velarde, Argelia López-Bonilla, A. Jiménez–Aparicio","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.568-581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.568-581","url":null,"abstract":"β-sitosterol (BSS) and β-sitosterol glucoside (BSSG) were extracted from Agave angustifolia Haw bagasse using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The quantification and characterization of BSS and BSSG were performed through high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). With an extraction time of 9 seconds using MAE, a higher amount of BSS (103.6 mg of β-sitosterol per gram of dry weight of extract) was obtained compared to BSSG (61.6 mg of β-sitosterol glucoside per gram of dry weight of extract). MAE emerges as a promising method for the efficient recovery of β-sitosterol (BSS) and β-sitosterol glucoside (BSSG) from A. angustifolia bagasse. This enriches scientific knowledge regarding phytochemical extraction and holds great potential for various industries, such as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Additionally, by valorizing the by-products of the agave industry, this research contributes to the sustainable utilization of resources, aligning with the principles of green and circular economy practices.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139210770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The exponential growth of China’s economy, coupled with the surge in online commerce, has led to a significant expansion of the logistics industry. In 2022, China’s express delivery industry generated approximately 9 million tons of waste paper and 1.8 million tons of plastic. This study analyzed the current composition and utilization of logistics waste in China, with suggestions for recycling. Logistics waste can be defined as the packaging waste generated in the logistics industry. Corrugated paper and plastic waste were chosen as the objects for utilization. Due to its high cellulose content, corrugated paper can be utilized along with other paper waste for biomass resourcing. Biodegradable plastics can also be converted into biomass resources through the action of specific microorganisms. These polymers can be enzymatically depolymerized by certain bacteria and fungi, yielding valuable organic products. In general, logistics wastes all have potential for biomass resource recovery. By adopting appropriate recovery and conversion technologies, these waste streams can be transformed into high-value bio-based products, such as biofuels, biochemicals, and biopolymers, thus contributing to the development of a circular and sustainable economy.
{"title":"Comprehensive treatment and disposal of logistics waste in China: Prospects of biomass resource conversion","authors":"Hongzhi Ma, Pin Lv, Chen Wang, Jun Zhou","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.ma","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.ma","url":null,"abstract":"The exponential growth of China’s economy, coupled with the surge in online commerce, has led to a significant expansion of the logistics industry. In 2022, China’s express delivery industry generated approximately 9 million tons of waste paper and 1.8 million tons of plastic. This study analyzed the current composition and utilization of logistics waste in China, with suggestions for recycling. Logistics waste can be defined as the packaging waste generated in the logistics industry. Corrugated paper and plastic waste were chosen as the objects for utilization. Due to its high cellulose content, corrugated paper can be utilized along with other paper waste for biomass resourcing. Biodegradable plastics can also be converted into biomass resources through the action of specific microorganisms. These polymers can be enzymatically depolymerized by certain bacteria and fungi, yielding valuable organic products. In general, logistics wastes all have potential for biomass resource recovery. By adopting appropriate recovery and conversion technologies, these waste streams can be transformed into high-value bio-based products, such as biofuels, biochemicals, and biopolymers, thus contributing to the development of a circular and sustainable economy.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139227049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.552-567
Yiming Lu
This paper constructs the operation model of agricultural products supply chain under an IoT (Internet of Things) environment, based on which the HHM (Hodrick-Prescott Filter) model is used to identify the risk. The ISM (Internal Supply Management) model was used to analyze risk factors. A risk index system was constructed, which was divided into three primary indexes and 18 secondary indexes. The backpropagation (BP) neural network approach was used to establish the risk assessment model. The sample data from 2017 to 2020 was employed as the test sample to test the network assessment model. There was a very small error in the risk level assessment and training results. The results showed that the risk level assessment model was highly operable and can have practical value for effective assessment of the risk level.
{"title":"Agricultural products supply chain risk assessment model construction and application in IOT environment","authors":"Yiming Lu","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.552-567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.552-567","url":null,"abstract":"This paper constructs the operation model of agricultural products supply chain under an IoT (Internet of Things) environment, based on which the HHM (Hodrick-Prescott Filter) model is used to identify the risk. The ISM (Internal Supply Management) model was used to analyze risk factors. A risk index system was constructed, which was divided into three primary indexes and 18 secondary indexes. The backpropagation (BP) neural network approach was used to establish the risk assessment model. The sample data from 2017 to 2020 was employed as the test sample to test the network assessment model. There was a very small error in the risk level assessment and training results. The results showed that the risk level assessment model was highly operable and can have practical value for effective assessment of the risk level.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"60 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.510-524
Jong Ho Kim, B. Purusatama, Alvin Muhammad Savero, Denni Prasetia, J. Jang, Se Young Park, Seung Hwan Lee, Nam Hun Kim
Based on the sclereids in the bark of oak species, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was employed to validate species classification performance and its influencing factors. Three optimizers including stochastic gradient descent (SGD), adaptive moment estimation (Adam), root mean square propagation (RMSProp), and dataset augmentation were adopted. The accuracy and loss stabilized at approximately 15 to 20 and 70 to 80 epochs for the augmented and non-augmented condition, respectively. In the last five epochs, the RMSProp-augmented condition achieved the highest accuracy of 89.8%, whereas the Adam-augmented condition achieved the lowest accuracy of 73.8%. Regarding the loss, SGD-non-augmented condition was the lowest at 0.498, whereas Adam-augmented condition was the highest at 2.740. The highest accuracy was influenced by RMSProp at 0.194. Dataset augmentation had a significant influence on accuracy at 0.456. Homogeneous subsets among the validation conditions indicated that the accuracy and loss were classified into the same subset using an augmented dataset during the training, regardless of the optimizer. Only Adam and RMSProp with non-augmented datasets were categorized into the same subset during the test. Hence, species classification using CNN and sclereid characteristics in the bark was feasible, and RMSProp with augmented datasets showed optimal performance for species classification.
{"title":"Convolutional neural network performance and the factors affecting performance for classification of seven Quercus species using sclereid characteristics in the bark","authors":"Jong Ho Kim, B. Purusatama, Alvin Muhammad Savero, Denni Prasetia, J. Jang, Se Young Park, Seung Hwan Lee, Nam Hun Kim","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.510-524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.510-524","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the sclereids in the bark of oak species, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was employed to validate species classification performance and its influencing factors. Three optimizers including stochastic gradient descent (SGD), adaptive moment estimation (Adam), root mean square propagation (RMSProp), and dataset augmentation were adopted. The accuracy and loss stabilized at approximately 15 to 20 and 70 to 80 epochs for the augmented and non-augmented condition, respectively. In the last five epochs, the RMSProp-augmented condition achieved the highest accuracy of 89.8%, whereas the Adam-augmented condition achieved the lowest accuracy of 73.8%. Regarding the loss, SGD-non-augmented condition was the lowest at 0.498, whereas Adam-augmented condition was the highest at 2.740. The highest accuracy was influenced by RMSProp at 0.194. Dataset augmentation had a significant influence on accuracy at 0.456. Homogeneous subsets among the validation conditions indicated that the accuracy and loss were classified into the same subset using an augmented dataset during the training, regardless of the optimizer. Only Adam and RMSProp with non-augmented datasets were categorized into the same subset during the test. Hence, species classification using CNN and sclereid characteristics in the bark was feasible, and RMSProp with augmented datasets showed optimal performance for species classification.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluated the production of marine biodegradable plastics, specifically polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), using waste paper from food containers as a novel material source. The results showed that adding dilute sulfuric acid as a pretreatment may have a negative impact on enzyme hydrolysis efficiency. Without pretreatment, the highest glucose concentration was observed in the 50-min heating group. In the experimental group with 1% dilute sulfuric acid as a pretreatment, the highest average glucose concentration was observed in the 25-min treatment group. In flask scale experiments, the C/N ratio was controlled at 10, 20, and 30. The results showed that when the C/N ratio was 10, the PHA/CDM ratios were 16.3 and 23.6 at 48 and 72 h, respectively. After 96 h of cultivation using hydrolysis liquid from the waste paper container as the sole carbon source in a 5-L scale experiment, the PHA/CDM ratio was 28.7 and the PHA concentration was 0.95 g/L. The potential bacterial strain in this study was confirmed to be a Bacillus genus bacterium after strain identification. The signal peaks indicated that the PHA obtained from the Bacillus sp. production process was PHB.
{"title":"Polyhydroxyalkanoate production from food packaging waste paper","authors":"Wei-Lin Tu, Yu-Chuan Hsiung, Chen-Hsien Liang, Jung-Mei Huang, Chung-Mao Ou, Gia-Luen Guo","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.539-551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.539-551","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the production of marine biodegradable plastics, specifically polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), using waste paper from food containers as a novel material source. The results showed that adding dilute sulfuric acid as a pretreatment may have a negative impact on enzyme hydrolysis efficiency. Without pretreatment, the highest glucose concentration was observed in the 50-min heating group. In the experimental group with 1% dilute sulfuric acid as a pretreatment, the highest average glucose concentration was observed in the 25-min treatment group. In flask scale experiments, the C/N ratio was controlled at 10, 20, and 30. The results showed that when the C/N ratio was 10, the PHA/CDM ratios were 16.3 and 23.6 at 48 and 72 h, respectively. After 96 h of cultivation using hydrolysis liquid from the waste paper container as the sole carbon source in a 5-L scale experiment, the PHA/CDM ratio was 28.7 and the PHA concentration was 0.95 g/L. The potential bacterial strain in this study was confirmed to be a Bacillus genus bacterium after strain identification. The signal peaks indicated that the PHA obtained from the Bacillus sp. production process was PHB.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"278 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：