G. Masoumi, M. Mansouri, Masoud Shahbazi, P. Golshiri, Keivan Mohammadi, Neda Rahimirigi
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new coronavirus, was originally recognized as a pandemic by the WHO on early, a new coronavirus, was originally recognized as a pandemic by the WHO on early 2020, and has infected over 243 million people worldwide, killing about five million people between then and October 2021. Objectives: We investigated the relationship between clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic findings and in-hospital outcomes of patients who were admitted for COVID-19. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of 216 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Chamran hospital from March 2019 to April 2021 was conducted. Patients’ characteristics cardiovascular risk factors, echocardiographic findings, clinical outcomes (discharge (complete recovery/ partial recovery) and in-hospital mortality) were recorded. To analyze risk factors associated with outcomes in patients with COVID-19, univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were conducted. Results: The most common underlying diseases in patients were hypertension (HTN) (57.9%) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (37.9%), respectively. Cognitive disorders (20.8%) and mitral regurgitation (MR) were the most complication and echocardiographic finding of the patients. In our study, six variables were found to be associated with patient’s outcomes, including age, body mass index (BMI), DM, chronic pulmonary diseases, number of hospitalization days and number of an intensive care unit (ICU) admission days. Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that age, male gender, BMI, number of hospitalization days and ICU admission, chronic pulmonary disease and diabetes are associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality and worst prognosis in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors associated with clinical outcome in hospitalized patients with COVID-19","authors":"G. Masoumi, M. Mansouri, Masoud Shahbazi, P. Golshiri, Keivan Mohammadi, Neda Rahimirigi","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26182","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new coronavirus, was originally recognized as a pandemic by the WHO on early, a new coronavirus, was originally recognized as a pandemic by the WHO on early 2020, and has infected over 243 million people worldwide, killing about five million people between then and October 2021. Objectives: We investigated the relationship between clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic findings and in-hospital outcomes of patients who were admitted for COVID-19. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of 216 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Chamran hospital from March 2019 to April 2021 was conducted. Patients’ characteristics cardiovascular risk factors, echocardiographic findings, clinical outcomes (discharge (complete recovery/ partial recovery) and in-hospital mortality) were recorded. To analyze risk factors associated with outcomes in patients with COVID-19, univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were conducted. Results: The most common underlying diseases in patients were hypertension (HTN) (57.9%) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (37.9%), respectively. Cognitive disorders (20.8%) and mitral regurgitation (MR) were the most complication and echocardiographic finding of the patients. In our study, six variables were found to be associated with patient’s outcomes, including age, body mass index (BMI), DM, chronic pulmonary diseases, number of hospitalization days and number of an intensive care unit (ICU) admission days. Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that age, male gender, BMI, number of hospitalization days and ICU admission, chronic pulmonary disease and diabetes are associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality and worst prognosis in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87412667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adalat Hoseinian, M. Bahadoram, F. Amani, Sajjad Hakimian, Saba Attar-Madraki, Raana Jafarizadeh
Introduction: Death caused by myocardial infarction (MI) usually occurs during the first hours after the onset of symptoms. Therefore, to manage, treat and decrease the mortality rate of these patients, early hospital admission is important. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact of the influential factors on mortality of patients with MI. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, MI patients who were referred to the Ardabil Alavi Hospital, Ardabil university of medical sciences, Ardabil, Iran between April 2017 and April 2018 were included. The patients that had died due to MI were considered as the case group (n=27) and 27 matched patients that had died due to other causes were selected as the control group. Linear logistic regression was employed to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the patients in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group (75.1±11.7 versus 63.;1±11.6, P=0.001). The history of non-cardiac diseases in the case group (44.4%) was significantly higher than in the control group (7.4%; P=0.002). The number of PCIs (percutaneous coronary interventions) that were conducted in the case group (40.7%) was significantly lower than in the control group (74.1%; p=0.013). The time distance between hospital admission and PCI performance in the case group (110.9 minutes) was significantly higher than in the control group (56 minutes; P=0.001). However, the mean of delay time from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission (the patient delay) and from hospital admission to receiving treatment (the health system delay) was similar between the two groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the number of performed PCIs, history of non-cardiac disorders and the interval between the onset of symptoms and PCI performance are significantly associated with the morality of MI patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of the influential factors on the mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Adalat Hoseinian, M. Bahadoram, F. Amani, Sajjad Hakimian, Saba Attar-Madraki, Raana Jafarizadeh","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26179","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Death caused by myocardial infarction (MI) usually occurs during the first hours after the onset of symptoms. Therefore, to manage, treat and decrease the mortality rate of these patients, early hospital admission is important. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact of the influential factors on mortality of patients with MI. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, MI patients who were referred to the Ardabil Alavi Hospital, Ardabil university of medical sciences, Ardabil, Iran between April 2017 and April 2018 were included. The patients that had died due to MI were considered as the case group (n=27) and 27 matched patients that had died due to other causes were selected as the control group. Linear logistic regression was employed to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the patients in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group (75.1±11.7 versus 63.;1±11.6, P=0.001). The history of non-cardiac diseases in the case group (44.4%) was significantly higher than in the control group (7.4%; P=0.002). The number of PCIs (percutaneous coronary interventions) that were conducted in the case group (40.7%) was significantly lower than in the control group (74.1%; p=0.013). The time distance between hospital admission and PCI performance in the case group (110.9 minutes) was significantly higher than in the control group (56 minutes; P=0.001). However, the mean of delay time from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission (the patient delay) and from hospital admission to receiving treatment (the health system delay) was similar between the two groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the number of performed PCIs, history of non-cardiac disorders and the interval between the onset of symptoms and PCI performance are significantly associated with the morality of MI patients.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87903501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sotoudehnia Korani, Soudabe Behrooj, Hossein Farshidi, F. Khorrami, Ali Rezazadeh Roudkoli
Introduction: Acute coronary artery syndrome is a term to describe a wide range of diseases associated with a sudden and severe decrease in blood flow to the heart. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the variables related to the severity and type of coronary artery involvement in patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Patients and Methods: This study is a retrospective analytical descriptive study. The statistical population of this study included patients who were admitted to the vascular ward of Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar-Abbas during 2017-2020 with a diagnosis of the ACS and underwent coronary angiography. Results: In the study of the main vessel involvement, left anterior descending artery (LAD) with 38.15% and RCA with 23.97% were the most common vessels involved. The most involved vessels were LAD-right coronary artery (LAD-RCA) (8.61%), left circumflex artery (LCX) (7.95%), obtuse marginal artery (OM) (7.68%) and diagonal arteries (4.77%), respectively. The most common sites of involvement in Chen’s anterior descending vessel were the middle part of LAD (m.LAD), the proximal part of LAD (p.LAD), and then the distal part of LAD (d.LAD), respectively. Most of the places of conflict RCA, precisely similar to LAD, were the middle part of RCA (m.RCA), the proximal part of RCA (p.RCA) and the distal part of RCA (d.RCA). There was a statistically significant relationship between the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) according to age, gender, diabetes, blood pressure, family history and the number of vessels involved. There was no statistically significant relationship between the severity of coronary artery involvement, smoking and mean body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: As it is shown, our results were quite similar to other studies around the country. Hence, following the nationwide guidelines for treating CVD in this city seems rational and helpful.
{"title":"Determining the factors associated with the pattern and severity of coronary artery involvement in patients with acute coronary syndrome","authors":"S. Sotoudehnia Korani, Soudabe Behrooj, Hossein Farshidi, F. Khorrami, Ali Rezazadeh Roudkoli","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26166","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute coronary artery syndrome is a term to describe a wide range of diseases associated with a sudden and severe decrease in blood flow to the heart. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the variables related to the severity and type of coronary artery involvement in patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Patients and Methods: This study is a retrospective analytical descriptive study. The statistical population of this study included patients who were admitted to the vascular ward of Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar-Abbas during 2017-2020 with a diagnosis of the ACS and underwent coronary angiography. Results: In the study of the main vessel involvement, left anterior descending artery (LAD) with 38.15% and RCA with 23.97% were the most common vessels involved. The most involved vessels were LAD-right coronary artery (LAD-RCA) (8.61%), left circumflex artery (LCX) (7.95%), obtuse marginal artery (OM) (7.68%) and diagonal arteries (4.77%), respectively. The most common sites of involvement in Chen’s anterior descending vessel were the middle part of LAD (m.LAD), the proximal part of LAD (p.LAD), and then the distal part of LAD (d.LAD), respectively. Most of the places of conflict RCA, precisely similar to LAD, were the middle part of RCA (m.RCA), the proximal part of RCA (p.RCA) and the distal part of RCA (d.RCA). There was a statistically significant relationship between the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) according to age, gender, diabetes, blood pressure, family history and the number of vessels involved. There was no statistically significant relationship between the severity of coronary artery involvement, smoking and mean body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: As it is shown, our results were quite similar to other studies around the country. Hence, following the nationwide guidelines for treating CVD in this city seems rational and helpful.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86343273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Rezazadeh Roudkoli, Soudabe Behrooj, Hossein Farshidi, F. Khorrami, S. Sotoudehnia Korani
Introduction: Myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) accounts for 5-15% of acute myocardial infarction (MI) cases. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and family history of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their association with gender in patients with MINOCA. Patients and Methods: Around 1772 patients entered this cross-sectional study. Prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia was significantly higher in women compared to men (P<0.001). Smoking was more common in men than women (P<0.001). Results: Women with MINOCA are more likely to have hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes than men with MINOCA, whereas men are more likely to be smokers. Conclusion: Effective blood pressure control, correction of lipid profile and proper glycemic control can prevent MINOCA and its associated morbidities and mortality, especially in women.
{"title":"Clinical profiles of patients with myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease in Iran","authors":"Ali Rezazadeh Roudkoli, Soudabe Behrooj, Hossein Farshidi, F. Khorrami, S. Sotoudehnia Korani","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26167","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) accounts for 5-15% of acute myocardial infarction (MI) cases. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and family history of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their association with gender in patients with MINOCA. Patients and Methods: Around 1772 patients entered this cross-sectional study. Prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia was significantly higher in women compared to men (P<0.001). Smoking was more common in men than women (P<0.001). Results: Women with MINOCA are more likely to have hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes than men with MINOCA, whereas men are more likely to be smokers. Conclusion: Effective blood pressure control, correction of lipid profile and proper glycemic control can prevent MINOCA and its associated morbidities and mortality, especially in women.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81307831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Different vesicles are created by the cells into extra-cellular space, of which researchers mostly considered exosomes. In fact, the vesicles are secreted by each cell type and are found in the body fluids like urine, blood and breast milk and consist of a certain ingredient of proteins, RNA, lipids and DNA. Objectives: The present study attempted to examine the exosomes derived from tubular cells of the rabbit kidney. Materials and Methods: Exosomes have been derived from rabbit kidney tubular cell line (RK13Cs) supernatant by ultracentrifugation centrifugation treatment techniques. In the next stage, RK13Cs-Exo has been validated by the dimension, morphology and certain bio-markers through the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Zetasizer nano-analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and western blotting. Results: The morphology of RK13Cs-Exo under TEM and SEM revealed that they have been vesicles shaped like a sphere ~150 nm. Zetasizer nano also indicated that RK13Cs-Exo size has been nearly 50 to 100 nm. Atomic force microscopy image of RK13Cs-Exo showed distinct spherical particles in size range between 50 and 100 nm, corresponding to the TEM. According to the western blotting outputs, exosome markers CD63 and CD9 have been expressed in the RK13Cs-Exo. Conclusion: Tubular cells of the rabbit kidney synthesize large amounts of exosomes under critical environmental conditions, which can extract the produced exosomes. According to the characterization of derived exosomes, they are ideal vehicles for drug delivery.
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of exosomes derived from supernatant of rabbit kidney tubular cells culture","authors":"F. Fakhredini, Esrafil Mansouri, M. Orazizadeh","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26161","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Different vesicles are created by the cells into extra-cellular space, of which researchers mostly considered exosomes. In fact, the vesicles are secreted by each cell type and are found in the body fluids like urine, blood and breast milk and consist of a certain ingredient of proteins, RNA, lipids and DNA. Objectives: The present study attempted to examine the exosomes derived from tubular cells of the rabbit kidney. Materials and Methods: Exosomes have been derived from rabbit kidney tubular cell line (RK13Cs) supernatant by ultracentrifugation centrifugation treatment techniques. In the next stage, RK13Cs-Exo has been validated by the dimension, morphology and certain bio-markers through the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Zetasizer nano-analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and western blotting. Results: The morphology of RK13Cs-Exo under TEM and SEM revealed that they have been vesicles shaped like a sphere ~150 nm. Zetasizer nano also indicated that RK13Cs-Exo size has been nearly 50 to 100 nm. Atomic force microscopy image of RK13Cs-Exo showed distinct spherical particles in size range between 50 and 100 nm, corresponding to the TEM. According to the western blotting outputs, exosome markers CD63 and CD9 have been expressed in the RK13Cs-Exo. Conclusion: Tubular cells of the rabbit kidney synthesize large amounts of exosomes under critical environmental conditions, which can extract the produced exosomes. According to the characterization of derived exosomes, they are ideal vehicles for drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76683559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amit Khelgi, Raghavendra Huchchannavar, Milu Mary Mathew, Sathya Anandam
Introduction: India is a leading consumer of antibiotics; rational use of antibiotics is of prime importance. Objectives: The majority of the population in India resides in rural areas; hence this study was conducted to capture their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 130 randomly selected general public of rural Mangaluru. Descriptive analysis and Pearson’s chi-square were employed in data analysis. Results: Adequate knowledge was observed only in 18.5% of the participants. Around 30.8% of participants thought antibiotics killed all germs while 23.8% were of no opinion. Furthermore, 60.8% thought that antibiotics speed up recovery from flu. Only about 23% thought frequent use of antibiotics would make the bacteria stronger and ineffective in the future. A minimal of 16.2% knew that antibiotic resistance is a global problem. About 52.3% preferred to take an antibiotic whenever they had the flu. However, 47% wanted to take it after doctors’ consultation. The study showed that compliance to complete the course was better when a doctor explained the proper use of the prescribed antibiotic. Additionally 31.5% opted for self-medication using the previous prescription and 21.5% took the antibiotics suggested by anyone other than the doctor. Conclusion: The study findings help re-evaluate the current public awareness activity and provide insight into some of the areas required to be focused on and aid the adequate legislative changes for a better outcome.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance among the rural public in Mangaluru, India","authors":"Amit Khelgi, Raghavendra Huchchannavar, Milu Mary Mathew, Sathya Anandam","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India is a leading consumer of antibiotics; rational use of antibiotics is of prime importance. Objectives: The majority of the population in India resides in rural areas; hence this study was conducted to capture their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 130 randomly selected general public of rural Mangaluru. Descriptive analysis and Pearson’s chi-square were employed in data analysis. Results: Adequate knowledge was observed only in 18.5% of the participants. Around 30.8% of participants thought antibiotics killed all germs while 23.8% were of no opinion. Furthermore, 60.8% thought that antibiotics speed up recovery from flu. Only about 23% thought frequent use of antibiotics would make the bacteria stronger and ineffective in the future. A minimal of 16.2% knew that antibiotic resistance is a global problem. About 52.3% preferred to take an antibiotic whenever they had the flu. However, 47% wanted to take it after doctors’ consultation. The study showed that compliance to complete the course was better when a doctor explained the proper use of the prescribed antibiotic. Additionally 31.5% opted for self-medication using the previous prescription and 21.5% took the antibiotics suggested by anyone other than the doctor. Conclusion: The study findings help re-evaluate the current public awareness activity and provide insight into some of the areas required to be focused on and aid the adequate legislative changes for a better outcome.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73970182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahmoud Beheshti Monfared, M. Hekmat, Zahra Ansari Aval, H. Ghaderi, S. Mirjafari, Reza Beheshti Monfared
Penetrating cardiac trauma often results in death. However, in rare cases when patients survive, there is almost always a need for damage control by artery ligation. Following that, revascularization is recommended as soon as possible. The extent to which revascularization is effective has not yet been studied and agreed upon. A 24-year-old man with a penetrating stab wound to the heart and left anterior descending (LAD) artery received primary life-saving treatment with artery ligation and was then referred for revascularization. Nonetheless, the patient did not consent to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and was discharged against medical advice with ejection fraction (EF) of 20%. He returned three months later due to chest pain and heart failure, then underwent revascularization which increased the patient’s EF to 45% and significantly improved the symptoms. Although CABG revascularization is recommended as soon as possible after main coronary arteries are ligated, our patient showed that such patients benefit from delayed revascularization surgery and that they should not be deprived of its benefits only because of the long time passed.
{"title":"Benefits of delayed revascularization following ligation of anterior descending artery after a stab wound","authors":"Mahmoud Beheshti Monfared, M. Hekmat, Zahra Ansari Aval, H. Ghaderi, S. Mirjafari, Reza Beheshti Monfared","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.26168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.26168","url":null,"abstract":"Penetrating cardiac trauma often results in death. However, in rare cases when patients survive, there is almost always a need for damage control by artery ligation. Following that, revascularization is recommended as soon as possible. The extent to which revascularization is effective has not yet been studied and agreed upon. A 24-year-old man with a penetrating stab wound to the heart and left anterior descending (LAD) artery received primary life-saving treatment with artery ligation and was then referred for revascularization. Nonetheless, the patient did not consent to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and was discharged against medical advice with ejection fraction (EF) of 20%. He returned three months later due to chest pain and heart failure, then underwent revascularization which increased the patient’s EF to 45% and significantly improved the symptoms. Although CABG revascularization is recommended as soon as possible after main coronary arteries are ligated, our patient showed that such patients benefit from delayed revascularization surgery and that they should not be deprived of its benefits only because of the long time passed.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74407135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Sleep disorders are one of the most common disorders among hemodialysis patients which is associated with the demographic and laboratory factors of such patients. Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the quality of sleep and its relationship with some demographic and biochemical factors in a group of hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This study is cross-sectional conducted on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who underwent regular and continuous hemodialysis in Amin hospital of Isfahan. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was completed face-to-face for each individual. Other data included age, hemoglobin and hematocrit, adequacy of hemodialysis, serum alkaline phosphatase, ferritin, iron, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and body mass index were receded too. Results: In this study, 110 hemodialysis patients were investigated (71 men). In this study, 41.8% of the patients had sleep disorder. We found, no difference between demographic and laboratory factors of patients with and without sleep disorder (P>0.05 for all parameters). No significant difference was detected among men and women regarding sleep disorder (P>0.05). Accordingly, no significant difference in sleep disorder between patients with and without diabetes was found too (P>0.05). However, our study showed a significant direct relationship between age and sleep disorder (P=0.026) particularly in women (P=0.011). Conclusion: Sleep disorder is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis and is directly related to the patients’ age; however, larger studies in this field are necessary.
{"title":"Determining sleep quality and investigating its relationship with various demographic and biochemical factors in hemodialysis patients","authors":"S. Etesami, M. Tarrahi, H. Nasri","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.21144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.21144","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sleep disorders are one of the most common disorders among hemodialysis patients which is associated with the demographic and laboratory factors of such patients. Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the quality of sleep and its relationship with some demographic and biochemical factors in a group of hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This study is cross-sectional conducted on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who underwent regular and continuous hemodialysis in Amin hospital of Isfahan. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was completed face-to-face for each individual. Other data included age, hemoglobin and hematocrit, adequacy of hemodialysis, serum alkaline phosphatase, ferritin, iron, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and body mass index were receded too. Results: In this study, 110 hemodialysis patients were investigated (71 men). In this study, 41.8% of the patients had sleep disorder. We found, no difference between demographic and laboratory factors of patients with and without sleep disorder (P>0.05 for all parameters). No significant difference was detected among men and women regarding sleep disorder (P>0.05). Accordingly, no significant difference in sleep disorder between patients with and without diabetes was found too (P>0.05). However, our study showed a significant direct relationship between age and sleep disorder (P=0.026) particularly in women (P=0.011). Conclusion: Sleep disorder is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis and is directly related to the patients’ age; however, larger studies in this field are necessary.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82112116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyyed Mahdi Zia Ziabari, P. Asadi, M. Ghasemi, Saeid Sadeghi Joni, Shadi Akasteh, Ilnaz Tavakoli
Introduction: Hand hygiene is a significant strategy in preventing and controlling infections with a great impact on nosocomial infections and preventing microbial resistance. Objectives: The main goal of this study was to investigate the performance of medical interns in handwashing in the educational and medical centers of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in 2020 in Rasht city. The study population consisted of all medical interns. The handwashing was observed in medical interns after obtaining their permission and separately at a suitable time and place. They were given a grade based on a poster approved by the Ministry of Health of Iran. Results: A total number of 147 medical interns were enrolled in this study. We also found out that the mean score of study population in handwashing steps was 7.11± 1.97. The lowest rate of correct performance was for 5th (tying the fingertips and washing them) (32%), 8th (washing around the wrist) (49.7%) and 7th (washing the palm lines with the fingertips) (53.1%) steps. The performance score of female interns had a higher average than male interns (7.4 versus 6.8) (P=0.028). Conclusion: Considering the importance of handwashing in preventing the transmission of diseases, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic and the repeated recommendations to wash hands properly as a simple and accessible way to prevent further transmission of the virus, the review of the awareness and practice of medical interns about the handwashing seems to be critical.
{"title":"Evaluation of handwashing technique held by medical interns in the educational and medical centers of Guilan university of medical sciences in Rasht","authors":"Seyyed Mahdi Zia Ziabari, P. Asadi, M. Ghasemi, Saeid Sadeghi Joni, Shadi Akasteh, Ilnaz Tavakoli","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.20145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.20145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hand hygiene is a significant strategy in preventing and controlling infections with a great impact on nosocomial infections and preventing microbial resistance. Objectives: The main goal of this study was to investigate the performance of medical interns in handwashing in the educational and medical centers of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in 2020 in Rasht city. The study population consisted of all medical interns. The handwashing was observed in medical interns after obtaining their permission and separately at a suitable time and place. They were given a grade based on a poster approved by the Ministry of Health of Iran. Results: A total number of 147 medical interns were enrolled in this study. We also found out that the mean score of study population in handwashing steps was 7.11± 1.97. The lowest rate of correct performance was for 5th (tying the fingertips and washing them) (32%), 8th (washing around the wrist) (49.7%) and 7th (washing the palm lines with the fingertips) (53.1%) steps. The performance score of female interns had a higher average than male interns (7.4 versus 6.8) (P=0.028). Conclusion: Considering the importance of handwashing in preventing the transmission of diseases, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic and the repeated recommendations to wash hands properly as a simple and accessible way to prevent further transmission of the virus, the review of the awareness and practice of medical interns about the handwashing seems to be critical.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91037348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Montazeri, Seyed Mojtaba Alavi, Fatemeh Radmard, M. Masoumi, M. Vahedian
Introduction: Spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) are inflammatory diseases with symptoms such as spinal pain, sacroiliac, and peripheral involvement. The prevalence of SpAs is reported from 0.2% to 1.6%. SpAs can cause significant disabilities for patients. Its medical treatment is mainly with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) and anti-TNF drugs. Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to carefully detect the clinical manifestations of patients, demographic characteristics, and the effectiveness of common medications in this disease. Patients and Methods: The present study is a retrospective descriptive study. The statistical population is 101 patients with SpA who have demographic information and items related to clinical conditions, radiographic findings and response to treatment. Results: One hundred one patients with SpA [46 (45.5%) female] with the age of 36.83± 10.45 years were studied. Around 66 patients (64.7%) had ankylosing spondylitis (AS), with the highest prevalence of AS. The most common clinical symptoms in patients were axial and peripheral/ extra-articular symptoms. The response to patients’ treatment were 61 patients (60.4%) had responded to the first stage of treatment, since only one patient needed to change the treatment steps in five times. Conclusion: We found, most patients with SpA were young patients. The most common radiological finding was Sacroiliitis. The most common clinical finding was extra-articular manifestations. Peripheral manifestations of the disease in women and axial images in men were common. The highest response to treatment was observed with the combination of indomethacin, sulfasalazine (SSZ) and indomethacin (alone).
{"title":"Spondyloarthritis; clinical manifestations and evaluation of response to treatment in Iran","authors":"S. Montazeri, Seyed Mojtaba Alavi, Fatemeh Radmard, M. Masoumi, M. Vahedian","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2022.23162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2022.23162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) are inflammatory diseases with symptoms such as spinal pain, sacroiliac, and peripheral involvement. The prevalence of SpAs is reported from 0.2% to 1.6%. SpAs can cause significant disabilities for patients. Its medical treatment is mainly with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) and anti-TNF drugs. Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to carefully detect the clinical manifestations of patients, demographic characteristics, and the effectiveness of common medications in this disease. Patients and Methods: The present study is a retrospective descriptive study. The statistical population is 101 patients with SpA who have demographic information and items related to clinical conditions, radiographic findings and response to treatment. Results: One hundred one patients with SpA [46 (45.5%) female] with the age of 36.83± 10.45 years were studied. Around 66 patients (64.7%) had ankylosing spondylitis (AS), with the highest prevalence of AS. The most common clinical symptoms in patients were axial and peripheral/ extra-articular symptoms. The response to patients’ treatment were 61 patients (60.4%) had responded to the first stage of treatment, since only one patient needed to change the treatment steps in five times. Conclusion: We found, most patients with SpA were young patients. The most common radiological finding was Sacroiliitis. The most common clinical finding was extra-articular manifestations. Peripheral manifestations of the disease in women and axial images in men were common. The highest response to treatment was observed with the combination of indomethacin, sulfasalazine (SSZ) and indomethacin (alone).","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74800494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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