S. Hosseinpour, Nasrin Moradi, Reyhane Izadi, Shahrzad Shadabi, Raheleh Behzadi, M. Mousavi, Abuzar Shirazi, Ebrahim Moayedi
Introduction: The rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 has caused a global health crisis. Unfortunately, no vaccine or special antiviral drug has been developed against COVID-19 to date, symptomatic supportive care has been the most common treatment. Objectives: the purpose of this systematic review aims to provide a timely, rigorous, and continuously updated summary of the available evidence on the role of vitamin C in treating patients with COVID-19. Methods: In this review, we identified studies published in 2020 that describe on the relationship between COVID-19 and vitamin C. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Magiran, SID and Web of Science for research articles published up to 23 December 2020 using the keywords of vitamin C, COVID-19, SARS-COV-2 and coronavirus 2. Results: At the initial stage of screening, 181articles were excluded after reviewing the title and removing irrelevant and duplicate titles, 52 articles were selected to review the abstract. After reviewing the abstract (or in articles without abstracts after reviewing the original text), nine articles were finally considered suitable for this purpose and were reviewed and finalized. Vitamin C is a pivotal component of the immune system, with proven antioxidant, cytokine storm suppressor and anti-inflammatory properties and has been tested in numerous studies for its role in severe sepsis and ICU care, especially when used as a continuous high-dose intravenous infusion. In addition, some studies indicated high-dose intravenous vitamin C treatment was associated with fewer days on mechanical ventilation, shorter ICU stay, and earlier recovery compared to the average length of mechanical ventilation, disease duration, and ICU stay in critical COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Vitamin C can significantly improve clinical symptoms, inflammatory response, immune and organ function in COVID-19 patients. In patients affected with COVID-19, high-dose intravenous vitamin C is expected to improve pulmonary function and reduce mortality for patients with COVID-19 and can be beneficial in aspects of inflammatory response, immune and organ function for aggravation of COVID-19 patients, however further clinical trials are necessary.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)在世界范围内的迅速传播已造成全球卫生危机。不幸的是，迄今为止尚未开发出针对COVID-19的疫苗或特殊抗病毒药物，对症支持治疗是最常见的治疗方法。目的:本系统综述的目的是对维生素C在治疗COVID-19患者中的作用提供及时、严格和不断更新的现有证据摘要。方法:在本综述中，我们选取了2020年发表的描述COVID-19与维生素C之间关系的研究。我们检索了PubMed、谷歌Scholar、Scopus、Magiran、SID和Web of Science，检索了截至2020年12月23日发表的研究文章，关键词为维生素C、COVID-19、SARS-COV-2和冠状病毒2。结果:筛选初期，通过对标题的审查和去除不相关和重复的标题，排除181篇文章，选择52篇文章对摘要进行审查。在审查摘要后(或在审查原文后没有摘要的文章中)，最终认为有9篇文章适合这一目的，并进行审查和定稿。维生素C是免疫系统的关键组成部分，具有抗氧化、细胞因子风暴抑制和抗炎特性，并已在许多研究中测试其在严重败血症和ICU护理中的作用，特别是作为连续大剂量静脉输注时。此外，一些研究表明，与COVID-19危重患者的平均机械通气时间、疾病持续时间和ICU住院时间相比，高剂量静脉注射维生素C治疗与机械通气天数更短、ICU住院时间更短、恢复更早相关。结论:维生素C可显著改善COVID-19患者的临床症状、炎症反应、免疫和器官功能。在COVID-19患者中，高剂量静脉注射维生素C有望改善COVID-19患者的肺功能并降低死亡率，并且在COVID-19加重患者的炎症反应、免疫和器官功能方面可能有益，但需要进一步的临床试验。
{"title":"The relationship between COVID-19 and blood vitamin C; a systematic review study","authors":"S. Hosseinpour, Nasrin Moradi, Reyhane Izadi, Shahrzad Shadabi, Raheleh Behzadi, M. Mousavi, Abuzar Shirazi, Ebrahim Moayedi","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.31","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 has caused a global health crisis. Unfortunately, no vaccine or special antiviral drug has been developed against COVID-19 to date, symptomatic supportive care has been the most common treatment. Objectives: the purpose of this systematic review aims to provide a timely, rigorous, and continuously updated summary of the available evidence on the role of vitamin C in treating patients with COVID-19. Methods: In this review, we identified studies published in 2020 that describe on the relationship between COVID-19 and vitamin C. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Magiran, SID and Web of Science for research articles published up to 23 December 2020 using the keywords of vitamin C, COVID-19, SARS-COV-2 and coronavirus 2. Results: At the initial stage of screening, 181articles were excluded after reviewing the title and removing irrelevant and duplicate titles, 52 articles were selected to review the abstract. After reviewing the abstract (or in articles without abstracts after reviewing the original text), nine articles were finally considered suitable for this purpose and were reviewed and finalized. Vitamin C is a pivotal component of the immune system, with proven antioxidant, cytokine storm suppressor and anti-inflammatory properties and has been tested in numerous studies for its role in severe sepsis and ICU care, especially when used as a continuous high-dose intravenous infusion. In addition, some studies indicated high-dose intravenous vitamin C treatment was associated with fewer days on mechanical ventilation, shorter ICU stay, and earlier recovery compared to the average length of mechanical ventilation, disease duration, and ICU stay in critical COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Vitamin C can significantly improve clinical symptoms, inflammatory response, immune and organ function in COVID-19 patients. In patients affected with COVID-19, high-dose intravenous vitamin C is expected to improve pulmonary function and reduce mortality for patients with COVID-19 and can be beneficial in aspects of inflammatory response, immune and organ function for aggravation of COVID-19 patients, however further clinical trials are necessary.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75910897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder and requires early diagnosis due to its negative impacts on the quality of life. According to the lifestyle pattern of medical students, IBS has a significant prevalence in these individuals. Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with IBS in medical students. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted on 100 medical students studying at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2019-2020. The Rome IV diagnostic criteria were administered to diagnose IBS and individuals were divided into four groups of constipation-dominant (IBS-C), diarrhea-dominant (IBS-D), mixed type (IBS-M) and unspecified (IBS-U). The association of studying grade, gender and residence with IBS was evaluated. Results: The mean age of the students was 23.2±4.8 years, including 68 (68%) women. According to Rome -IV criteria, 24 (24%) ones were diagnosed with IBS. The IBS cases were dominantly in IBS-C group (54.16%). IBS was not associated with gender (P=0.498), educational grade (P=0.661) and type of residence (P=0.562) in the studied medical students. Conclusion: According to the present study, the prevalence of IBS was 24% among medical students, which was higher among women. Most patients had IBS-C, but IBS did not show a statistically significant relationship with gender, educational grade and type of residence.
{"title":"Evaluation of irritable bowel syndrome prevalence in medical students","authors":"Samin Maghsoudi, Azam Teimouri","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder and requires early diagnosis due to its negative impacts on the quality of life. According to the lifestyle pattern of medical students, IBS has a significant prevalence in these individuals. Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with IBS in medical students. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted on 100 medical students studying at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2019-2020. The Rome IV diagnostic criteria were administered to diagnose IBS and individuals were divided into four groups of constipation-dominant (IBS-C), diarrhea-dominant (IBS-D), mixed type (IBS-M) and unspecified (IBS-U). The association of studying grade, gender and residence with IBS was evaluated. Results: The mean age of the students was 23.2±4.8 years, including 68 (68%) women. According to Rome -IV criteria, 24 (24%) ones were diagnosed with IBS. The IBS cases were dominantly in IBS-C group (54.16%). IBS was not associated with gender (P=0.498), educational grade (P=0.661) and type of residence (P=0.562) in the studied medical students. Conclusion: According to the present study, the prevalence of IBS was 24% among medical students, which was higher among women. Most patients had IBS-C, but IBS did not show a statistically significant relationship with gender, educational grade and type of residence.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77907251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bahadoram, Saeede Labaykee, B. Lakkakula, B. Keikhaei, M. Nekouei Shahraki, Soroush Mohammadi Jouabadi, M. Onuigbo, F. Ahmadizar, M. Mahmoudian-sani, P. Peymani
Since 2006, by considering one dimension of kidney disease, each year, the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations (IFKF) have consistently and unanimously declared a World Kidney Day (WKD) around a specific kidney disease to increase the global awareness about kidney diseases. WKD, which is celebrated in more than 150 countries worldwide, is an international kidney health awareness campaign emphasizing the importance of the kidneys to reduce the global prevalence of kidney diseases and their related health problems by promoting patients and providing education. The present review aims to summarize the themes of previous WKD campaigns and the advocacy of the 2021 WKD campaign theme "Living well with kidney disease". The 2021 WKD Steering Committee advocates for the empowerment of CKD patients, their family members, and care partners, along with both drug and non-drug therapeutic programs to achieve better health outcomes.
{"title":"World Kidney Day 2021 with the theme of living well with kidney disease; a review of current concepts","authors":"M. Bahadoram, Saeede Labaykee, B. Lakkakula, B. Keikhaei, M. Nekouei Shahraki, Soroush Mohammadi Jouabadi, M. Onuigbo, F. Ahmadizar, M. Mahmoudian-sani, P. Peymani","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.08","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2006, by considering one dimension of kidney disease, each year, the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations (IFKF) have consistently and unanimously declared a World Kidney Day (WKD) around a specific kidney disease to increase the global awareness about kidney diseases. WKD, which is celebrated in more than 150 countries worldwide, is an international kidney health awareness campaign emphasizing the importance of the kidneys to reduce the global prevalence of kidney diseases and their related health problems by promoting patients and providing education. The present review aims to summarize the themes of previous WKD campaigns and the advocacy of the 2021 WKD campaign theme \"Living well with kidney disease\". The 2021 WKD Steering Committee advocates for the empowerment of CKD patients, their family members, and care partners, along with both drug and non-drug therapeutic programs to achieve better health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81484224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seminal infections were considered to be an etiologic factor of male infertility. Semen washing is used as an appropriate technique in artificial reproductive technology (ART) for serodiscordant couples when the partner of male is contaminated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of semen washing methods in reducing the transmission of viral infections in ART. In this narrative review we investigated accessible information from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IranMedex, Irandoc, Magiran, SID, MEDLIB and Scientific Information Database until 2019. The MeSH terms of semen washing, HIV, assisted reproduction, serodiscordant, and virus transmission were used. According to the search strategy, 89 articles were discovered. After checking the titles, abstracts and manuscripts, a collection of 45 papers were chosen pursuant to the suitability indexes. The studies were performed around different categories of semen washing (swim up, density gradient) in serodiscordant couples. Some studies highlighted that semen washings can completely prevent viral transmission, but a few do not believe this claim. However, scientific researchers have revealed that sperm washing may diminish the possibility of infection in serodiscordant couples where the male partner is infected. Swim up in combination with density gradient is a suitable method to diminish the transmission of infections.
精液感染被认为是男性不育的一个病因。精液清洗技术是一种适合于血清不和谐夫妇的人工生殖技术。本研究的目的是探讨精液洗涤方法在减少抗逆转录病毒治疗中病毒感染传播中的作用。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们调查了谷歌Scholar、PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、IranMedex、Irandoc、Magiran、SID、MEDLIB和科学信息数据库中截至2019年的可访问信息。使用洗精、HIV、辅助生殖、血清不一致、病毒传播等MeSH术语。根据搜索策略，共发现89篇文章。通过对论文题目、摘要和原稿的检查，根据适宜性指标筛选出45篇论文。研究围绕不同类别的精液洗涤(向上游动，密度梯度)在血清不一致的夫妇中进行。一些研究强调，精液洗涤可以完全防止病毒传播，但也有少数人不相信这种说法。然而，科学研究人员发现，在男性感染的血清不一致的夫妇中，洗精可能会减少感染的可能性。向上游动与密度梯度相结合是减少感染传播的较好方法。
{"title":"Effect of semen washing methods on diminishing the transmission of viral infections in artificial reproductive technology","authors":"Fereshte Aliakbari, Neda Taghizabet, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi, Ebrahim Kharazi Nejad","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.33","url":null,"abstract":"Seminal infections were considered to be an etiologic factor of male infertility. Semen washing is used as an appropriate technique in artificial reproductive technology (ART) for serodiscordant couples when the partner of male is contaminated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of semen washing methods in reducing the transmission of viral infections in ART. In this narrative review we investigated accessible information from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IranMedex, Irandoc, Magiran, SID, MEDLIB and Scientific Information Database until 2019. The MeSH terms of semen washing, HIV, assisted reproduction, serodiscordant, and virus transmission were used. According to the search strategy, 89 articles were discovered. After checking the titles, abstracts and manuscripts, a collection of 45 papers were chosen pursuant to the suitability indexes. The studies were performed around different categories of semen washing (swim up, density gradient) in serodiscordant couples. Some studies highlighted that semen washings can completely prevent viral transmission, but a few do not believe this claim. However, scientific researchers have revealed that sperm washing may diminish the possibility of infection in serodiscordant couples where the male partner is infected. Swim up in combination with density gradient is a suitable method to diminish the transmission of infections.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91175532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Baradaran, S. Hosseini, Reyhaneh Shirvani, P. Hedayati, Z. Hoseini
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible disorder that now is introduced as one of the most important problems of general health (1). Serum levels of inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) elevate in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Systemic inflammation is correlated with cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes releasing of IL-6 from liver and osteoblast. IL-6 increases lifetime and activity of neutrophils. Therefore, PTH may have a direct correlation with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Objectives: In this study, we aimed to determine the performance of NLR in hemodialysis and its possible correlation with PTH. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the correlation of NLR and serum intact PTH (iPTH), Ca (calcium) and P (phosphorus) and also Ca×P products (mg2 /dL2 ) in a group of stable hemodialysis patients, including male and female gender subgroups, diabetic versus non-diabetic patients, and also patients with or without chronic hypertensive disease. Results: This study consisted of 136 hemodialysis patients. Our study showed no statistically significant correlation between iPTH (intact parathormone) and NLR in hemodialysis patients (P>0.05). In addition, we test their correlation in other subgroups including hypertensive and normotensive, diabetic and non-diabetics, and male versus female patients. We found no significant correlation between iPTH and NLR in the mentioned subgroups, too. Conclusion: Observed correlation between PTH and NLR in hemodialysis patients may be due to our small sample size. Therefore, further studies on this subject are suggested.
{"title":"Study of the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and parathyroid hormone levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis, Isfahan, Iran","authors":"A. Baradaran, S. Hosseini, Reyhaneh Shirvani, P. Hedayati, Z. Hoseini","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible disorder that now is introduced as one of the most important problems of general health (1). Serum levels of inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) elevate in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Systemic inflammation is correlated with cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes releasing of IL-6 from liver and osteoblast. IL-6 increases lifetime and activity of neutrophils. Therefore, PTH may have a direct correlation with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Objectives: In this study, we aimed to determine the performance of NLR in hemodialysis and its possible correlation with PTH. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the correlation of NLR and serum intact PTH (iPTH), Ca (calcium) and P (phosphorus) and also Ca×P products (mg2 /dL2 ) in a group of stable hemodialysis patients, including male and female gender subgroups, diabetic versus non-diabetic patients, and also patients with or without chronic hypertensive disease. Results: This study consisted of 136 hemodialysis patients. Our study showed no statistically significant correlation between iPTH (intact parathormone) and NLR in hemodialysis patients (P>0.05). In addition, we test their correlation in other subgroups including hypertensive and normotensive, diabetic and non-diabetics, and male versus female patients. We found no significant correlation between iPTH and NLR in the mentioned subgroups, too. Conclusion: Observed correlation between PTH and NLR in hemodialysis patients may be due to our small sample size. Therefore, further studies on this subject are suggested.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"34 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77975415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Sadr, Mehrnaz Jamali Moghaddam, Hamideh Sabet Rouhani, Nadia Sani’ee, M. Biglari Abhari
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and is one of the biggest health threats in women around the world. Since the systematic review study in Iran has not been conducted so far, this study was designed to determine the role of family physicians or first-level care physicians in preventing breast cancer at various levels. In this systematic review, we found family physicians could play a significant role in all levels of breast cancer prevention, including roles in education, risk assessment and early detection of cancer, treatment and follow-up of patients with breast cancer and rehabilitation, and help improve quality of life. Survivors and those treated for breast cancer.
{"title":"Study of family medicine role in breast cancer prevention: A systematic review","authors":"Z. Sadr, Mehrnaz Jamali Moghaddam, Hamideh Sabet Rouhani, Nadia Sani’ee, M. Biglari Abhari","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.32","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and is one of the biggest health threats in women around the world. Since the systematic review study in Iran has not been conducted so far, this study was designed to determine the role of family physicians or first-level care physicians in preventing breast cancer at various levels. In this systematic review, we found family physicians could play a significant role in all levels of breast cancer prevention, including roles in education, risk assessment and early detection of cancer, treatment and follow-up of patients with breast cancer and rehabilitation, and help improve quality of life. Survivors and those treated for breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82179304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farnaz Takavar, M. Momeni, Narges Mohammadrezaie, Ahmad Ghoochani Khorasani, Mehrad Aghili
Introduction: Conventional approaches in advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) are used, including; lectures, video presentations, practical educations on moulage, also employing messenger applications can potentially be regarded as a method to train interns. Objectives: The current study aims to compare two methods of face-to-face and virtual training by WhatsApp messenger, regarding the impact of training on interns’ knowledge and satisfaction for advanced cardio resuscitation rotational interns in emergency medicine. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 73 rotation interns of emergency medicine of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2017 to 2018 were divided into two groups: 1) face-to-face training, 2) virtual training by using WhatsApp messenger application. Initially, a pretest of 10 questions about main topics in advanced cardiac support was conducted on interns. At the end of training course, a posttest of 20 questions was conducted for both groups. Results: Mean value of pretest was 6.46 for face-to-face training group and 5.97 for WhatsApp group (P=0.29). Posttest mean score was 14.08 for face-to-face group and 12.03 for WhatsApp (P=0.003). Interns’ satisfaction scores were 7.68 and 7.36 for face-to-face and WhatsApp group respectively (P=0.25). Mean scores of pretest and posttest within group had no significant differences between groups, but Cohen’s effect size for face-to-face group was greater than WhatsApp trained group. Conclusion: Face-to-face training was associated with better results in promoting knowledge of interns, compared to WhatsApp training. That’s advisable to employ face-to-face training for interns.
{"title":"Comparison the impact of face-to-face training package for resuscitation with presentation by messaging software on emergency medicine rotation interns","authors":"Farnaz Takavar, M. Momeni, Narges Mohammadrezaie, Ahmad Ghoochani Khorasani, Mehrad Aghili","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Conventional approaches in advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) are used, including; lectures, video presentations, practical educations on moulage, also employing messenger applications can potentially be regarded as a method to train interns. Objectives: The current study aims to compare two methods of face-to-face and virtual training by WhatsApp messenger, regarding the impact of training on interns’ knowledge and satisfaction for advanced cardio resuscitation rotational interns in emergency medicine. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 73 rotation interns of emergency medicine of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2017 to 2018 were divided into two groups: 1) face-to-face training, 2) virtual training by using WhatsApp messenger application. Initially, a pretest of 10 questions about main topics in advanced cardiac support was conducted on interns. At the end of training course, a posttest of 20 questions was conducted for both groups. Results: Mean value of pretest was 6.46 for face-to-face training group and 5.97 for WhatsApp group (P=0.29). Posttest mean score was 14.08 for face-to-face group and 12.03 for WhatsApp (P=0.003). Interns’ satisfaction scores were 7.68 and 7.36 for face-to-face and WhatsApp group respectively (P=0.25). Mean scores of pretest and posttest within group had no significant differences between groups, but Cohen’s effect size for face-to-face group was greater than WhatsApp trained group. Conclusion: Face-to-face training was associated with better results in promoting knowledge of interns, compared to WhatsApp training. That’s advisable to employ face-to-face training for interns.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76459630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abuzar Shirazi, Nasrin Moradi, Bahareh Behzadi, M. Mousavi, S. Hosseinpour, Ebrahim Moayedi
Introduction: Studies on COVID-19 disease in patients with tuberculosis (TB) have not yet been widely performed and clear results have not been presented. It was found that; COVID-19 infection in TB patients quickly leads to disease and causes death in a small number of them. However, the prognosis of co-infection has not been evaluated in long run, since the association between TB and covid-19 cannot be ruled out, and therefore appropriate precautions and health system preparation are needed to deal with the impending burden of co-infection. The aim of this study was to provide a clear picture of the effects of these two diseases with each other. Methods: This study is considered as a systematic review of secondary studies. The statistical population is the studies that have been conducted in relation to the above topic and in the world. These articles were extracted from the databases of PubMed, Magiran, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Out of 180 articles, 52 articles were related to our subject were selected, while 30 duplicates were removed from this number, hence 30 articles were selected. Finally, after a qualitative review, 12 articles were included in the study and the results of five articles were analyzed. Results: Studies have shown that co-infection with COVID-19 and tuberculosis can increase mortality; TB is also likely to exacerbate the course of COVID-19 for the infected population and may increase the TB epidemic in the short term after the end of the COVID-19 epidemic is effective, so appropriate precautions and preparation of the health system are needed to deal with the impending burden of co-infection. Conclusion: COVID-19 disease and its limitations may have a significant impact on the presentation and monitoring of TB control strategies nationally and globally. Concerns about delays in treating TB patients make their disease worse, and therefore broader management should be conducted.
{"title":"A study of the relationship between tuberculosis disease and the severity of COVID-19; a systematic review study","authors":"Abuzar Shirazi, Nasrin Moradi, Bahareh Behzadi, M. Mousavi, S. Hosseinpour, Ebrahim Moayedi","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.35","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Studies on COVID-19 disease in patients with tuberculosis (TB) have not yet been widely performed and clear results have not been presented. It was found that; COVID-19 infection in TB patients quickly leads to disease and causes death in a small number of them. However, the prognosis of co-infection has not been evaluated in long run, since the association between TB and covid-19 cannot be ruled out, and therefore appropriate precautions and health system preparation are needed to deal with the impending burden of co-infection. The aim of this study was to provide a clear picture of the effects of these two diseases with each other. Methods: This study is considered as a systematic review of secondary studies. The statistical population is the studies that have been conducted in relation to the above topic and in the world. These articles were extracted from the databases of PubMed, Magiran, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Out of 180 articles, 52 articles were related to our subject were selected, while 30 duplicates were removed from this number, hence 30 articles were selected. Finally, after a qualitative review, 12 articles were included in the study and the results of five articles were analyzed. Results: Studies have shown that co-infection with COVID-19 and tuberculosis can increase mortality; TB is also likely to exacerbate the course of COVID-19 for the infected population and may increase the TB epidemic in the short term after the end of the COVID-19 epidemic is effective, so appropriate precautions and preparation of the health system are needed to deal with the impending burden of co-infection. Conclusion: COVID-19 disease and its limitations may have a significant impact on the presentation and monitoring of TB control strategies nationally and globally. Concerns about delays in treating TB patients make their disease worse, and therefore broader management should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74034113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Majid, Shoaib Ahmed Khan, Hina Ismail, Nishat Akbar, Rajesh Mandhwani, N. Luck
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infectious disease that is rarely seen in ulcerative colitis patients. Both diseases commonly involve the colon. It has been shown that treating these patients with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy leads to remission of both conditions. We hereby present the case of a 7-year-old boy who was initially managed as a case ulcerative colitis after undergoing extensive workup and later on tested positive for HIV infection and was managed via mesalamine and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Mesalamine therapy along with HAART can be used to treat ulcerative colitis patients infected with HIV infection in resource limited countries.
{"title":"Successful management of HIV infection in a patient with ulcerative colitis; a case report","authors":"Z. Majid, Shoaib Ahmed Khan, Hina Ismail, Nishat Akbar, Rajesh Mandhwani, N. Luck","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.17","url":null,"abstract":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infectious disease that is rarely seen in ulcerative colitis patients. Both diseases commonly involve the colon. It has been shown that treating these patients with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy leads to remission of both conditions. We hereby present the case of a 7-year-old boy who was initially managed as a case ulcerative colitis after undergoing extensive workup and later on tested positive for HIV infection and was managed via mesalamine and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Mesalamine therapy along with HAART can be used to treat ulcerative colitis patients infected with HIV infection in resource limited countries.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74639494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer associated with infection, which is provoked by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Natural vaginal microbes, known as vaginal microbiota, play an important role in regulating vaginal pH and are therefore important in the risk of cervical cancer. Trichomoniasis vaginalis is a genital infection that reports 250 million new infections worldwide each year and can increase the risk of developing cervical cancer in the general population. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cervical cancer and vaginal microbiota or trichomoniasis infection by examining several risk factors. Patients and Methods: This prospective case study was conducted from 2014 to 2018 from an educational pathology group in Isfahan, 200 samples are included in this study. The groups consist of women over 18 years old. The study group included patients with cervical cancer lesions. For participants, a questionnaire containing information about age, gender, abortion, age at first delivery, smoking or passive smoking and the result of Pap smear test (HPV, vaginal microbiota or Trichomonas) was completed. Results: Results suggested that cancerous and precancerous lesion development is not associated with parity, age at first child’s birth. However, it is statistically associated with lower vaginal microbiota, increased Trichomonas infection, old age, increased abortion rate, smoking, and the presence of HPV infection on Pap smear. Conclusion: Protection from harmful factors that affect a healthy vaginal microbiome, such as Trichomonas infections, can reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
{"title":"A study on the relationship of cervical cancer with vaginal microbiota and trichomoniasis infection; a single center study","authors":"P. Hedayat, M. Derakhshan, Reda Bazzal","doi":"10.34172/jpe.2021.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpe.2021.22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer associated with infection, which is provoked by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Natural vaginal microbes, known as vaginal microbiota, play an important role in regulating vaginal pH and are therefore important in the risk of cervical cancer. Trichomoniasis vaginalis is a genital infection that reports 250 million new infections worldwide each year and can increase the risk of developing cervical cancer in the general population. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cervical cancer and vaginal microbiota or trichomoniasis infection by examining several risk factors. Patients and Methods: This prospective case study was conducted from 2014 to 2018 from an educational pathology group in Isfahan, 200 samples are included in this study. The groups consist of women over 18 years old. The study group included patients with cervical cancer lesions. For participants, a questionnaire containing information about age, gender, abortion, age at first delivery, smoking or passive smoking and the result of Pap smear test (HPV, vaginal microbiota or Trichomonas) was completed. Results: Results suggested that cancerous and precancerous lesion development is not associated with parity, age at first child’s birth. However, it is statistically associated with lower vaginal microbiota, increased Trichomonas infection, old age, increased abortion rate, smoking, and the presence of HPV infection on Pap smear. Conclusion: Protection from harmful factors that affect a healthy vaginal microbiome, such as Trichomonas infections, can reduce the risk of cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":91739,"journal":{"name":"Journal of epidemiology and preventive medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90817145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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