Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000219
Mohammed J. Alramadan, A. Afroz, M. Batais, Turky H. Almigbal, Hassan Ahmad Alhamrani, Ahmed Albaloshi, Fatimah A Alramadan, D. Magliano, B. Billah
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is high in Saudi Arabia, and a large proportion of those affected by the disease are not controlling their blood sugar, which exposes them to diabetes complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate factors associated with poor glycaemic control, complications and poor quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Using a cross-sectional study design, 1082 participants with type 2 diabetes attending diabetes centres in Riyadh, Jeddah and Hofuf will be recruited in the study. They will be interviewed to complete a pre-tested electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire collects information related to socio-demographics, medical history, lifestyle, family support, utilisation of healthcare services, anxiety, depression, quality of life, cognitive function, independence in daily living activity, neuropathy, anthropometric measures, up-to-date documented lab test results and current medication. Data will be summarised and presented as mean ± standard deviation (or median and percentiles) for numerical data and frequency and percentage for categorical data. T-test, ANOVA and chi-square tests will be used to explore associations between risk factors and outcomes. Any association will be evaluated further using regression analysis. Discussion: Knowledge of the risk factors pertaining to poor glycaemic control, diabetes complications and poor quality of life for people with type 2 diabetes is crucial. This knowledge will assist healthcare providers to identify and provide more intensive care plans to those who need it, as well as guide the development of new strategies to improve management of the disease. This will improve the health of people with type 2 diabetes and lower their risk of complications, and reduce the burden of this highly prevalent disease on families and the community.
{"title":"A Study Protocol to Assess the Determinants of Glycaemic Control,Complications and Health Related Quality of Life for People with Type 2Diabetes in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohammed J. Alramadan, A. Afroz, M. Batais, Turky H. Almigbal, Hassan Ahmad Alhamrani, Ahmed Albaloshi, Fatimah A Alramadan, D. Magliano, B. Billah","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000219","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is high in Saudi Arabia, and a large proportion of those \u0000 affected by the disease are not controlling their blood sugar, which exposes them to diabetes complications. The aim \u0000 of this study is to evaluate factors associated with poor glycaemic control, complications and poor quality of life among \u0000people with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia. \u0000Methodology: Using a cross-sectional study design, 1082 participants with type 2 diabetes attending diabetes \u0000 centres in Riyadh, Jeddah and Hofuf will be recruited in the study. They will be interviewed to complete a pre-tested \u0000 electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire collects information related to socio-demographics, medical history, lifestyle, \u0000 family support, utilisation of healthcare services, anxiety, depression, quality of life, cognitive function, independence \u0000 in daily living activity, neuropathy, anthropometric measures, up-to-date documented lab test results and current \u0000 medication. Data will be summarised and presented as mean ± standard deviation (or median and percentiles) for \u0000 numerical data and frequency and percentage for categorical data. T-test, ANOVA and chi-square tests will be used \u0000 to explore associations between risk factors and outcomes. Any association will be evaluated further using regression \u0000analysis. \u0000Discussion: Knowledge of the risk factors pertaining to poor glycaemic control, diabetes complications and poor \u0000 quality of life for people with type 2 diabetes is crucial. This knowledge will assist healthcare providers to identify \u0000 and provide more intensive care plans to those who need it, as well as guide the development of new strategies to \u0000 improve management of the disease. This will improve the health of people with type 2 diabetes and lower their risk of \u0000complications, and reduce the burden of this highly prevalent disease on families and the community.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2380-5439.1000219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49344845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-02DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000218
Kumera Negash Amente
The use of music therapy as an adjunct medical treatment option is well established. However, there is no evidence on the knowledge of music therapy among medical practitioner in Ethiopia. Hence, this institutional based crosssectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practices of Jimma University medical students on music therapy as an adjunct medical treatment option. A total of 349 medical students were involved in the study. More than half (51%) of the medical students had heard about the music therapy. However, majority (56.7%) of the medical students had lower mean knowledge (low knowledge) on the application of music therapy in specific medical condition and quality of life. The major source of information is internet. There is also higher interest (83.4%) on music therapy training and education among the study participants. Majority (75.4%) of the medical students were show interest in referring patients to a music therapy. The mean knowledge of the medical students was significantly associated to age, ethnicity and level education in medical school. Therefore, effort should be done to in cooperate the music therapy in formal curriculum of medical education and also continues professional development program is need for medical practitioners to ensure the integration of music therapy program on medical system in the country
{"title":"Medical Music Therapy Knowledge among Medical Students of JimmaUniversity, Ethiopia","authors":"Kumera Negash Amente","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"The use of music therapy as an adjunct medical treatment option is well established. However, there is no evidence \u0000 on the knowledge of music therapy among medical practitioner in Ethiopia. Hence, this institutional based crosssectional \u0000 study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practices of Jimma University medical students on music \u0000 therapy as an adjunct medical treatment option. A total of 349 medical students were involved in the study. More than \u0000 half (51%) of the medical students had heard about the music therapy. However, majority (56.7%) of the medical \u0000 students had lower mean knowledge (low knowledge) on the application of music therapy in specific medical condition \u0000 and quality of life. The major source of information is internet. There is also higher interest (83.4%) on music therapy \u0000 training and education among the study participants. Majority (75.4%) of the medical students were show interest in \u0000 referring patients to a music therapy. The mean knowledge of the medical students was significantly associated to age, \u0000 ethnicity and level education in medical school. Therefore, effort should be done to in cooperate the music therapy \u0000 in formal curriculum of medical education and also continues professional development program is need for medical \u0000practitioners to ensure the integration of music therapy program on medical system in the country","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2380-5439.1000218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47227095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000217
N. Pepple
The survey reached fifty food vendors in Garki, Abuja Nigeria to assess their knowledge of food safety, contamination, poisoning and control measures. A simple questionnaire was developed and administered one on one to the target population and data collected on their knowledge food borne disease pathogens, personal hygiene, and food handling practices, safety and risk perception as well as temperature control. 80% reported that they wash and clean their equipment; 52% reported that the exempt a sick staff from work until recovered and certified healthy; 89% reported that they wash their hands regularly with clean water. 42% reported that they use hand sanitizer frequently. 100% (all respondents) said that they washed their hands after handling raw food like fish and meat 53% lacked knowledge of optimum refrigeration temperature while 26% could not adjust refrigerator temperature. 40% had knowledge of Hepatitis A as a food borne pathogen, 20%, had knowledge of Salmonella, and 21%, E. coli, and 12% Listeria and 7% had knowledge of Vibrio as pathogens. Water supply is gotten from local water vendors from private boreholes. Comparison of the knowledge base between the educated and non-educated vendors revealed a great disparity on the level of knowledge between the two. The major source of food supply was from the Open markets while water supplies come from private bore holes. The research also showed a direct relationship between educational level and knowledge of food pathogens as well as hygiene and safety knowledge. Lack of knowledge on safety and hygiene practices among food vendors (owners and staff) indicates the increased risks of food poisoning associated with the food vendors and restaurants
{"title":"Environment and Food Poisoning: Food Safety Knowledge and Practice among Food Vendors in Garki, Abuja – Nigeria","authors":"N. Pepple","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000217","url":null,"abstract":"The survey reached fifty food vendors in Garki, Abuja Nigeria to assess their knowledge of food safety, contamination, poisoning and control measures. A simple questionnaire was developed and administered one on one to the target population and data collected on their knowledge food borne disease pathogens, personal hygiene, and food handling practices, safety and risk perception as well as temperature control. 80% reported that they wash and clean their equipment; 52% reported that the exempt a sick staff from work until recovered and certified healthy; 89% reported that they wash their hands regularly with clean water. 42% reported that they use hand sanitizer frequently. 100% (all respondents) said that they washed their hands after handling raw food like fish and meat 53% lacked knowledge of optimum refrigeration temperature while 26% could not adjust refrigerator temperature. 40% had knowledge of Hepatitis A as a food borne pathogen, 20%, had knowledge of Salmonella, and 21%, E. coli, and 12% Listeria and 7% had knowledge of Vibrio as pathogens. Water supply is gotten from local water vendors from private boreholes. Comparison of the knowledge base between the educated and non-educated vendors revealed a great disparity on the level of knowledge between the two. The major source of food supply was from the Open markets while water supplies come from private bore holes. The research also showed a direct relationship between educational level and knowledge of food pathogens as well as hygiene and safety knowledge. Lack of knowledge on safety and hygiene practices among food vendors (owners and staff) indicates the increased risks of food poisoning associated with the food vendors and restaurants","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2380-5439.1000217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49226964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-15DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000216
K. Sawami, M. Kimura, H. Nakagawa, T. Kitamura, Chizuko Suishu
Introduction: The first objective of this research was to verification to the effectiveness for combining brain training with rhythmic exercises for three-month brain training. In order to further prevent motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), we gave instructions to continue exercise. In order to evaluate motoric ability, we carried out the two-step test. Confirmation of the benefits of this intervention in motoric ability and the extent of the correlation between body composition and cognitive function was the second objective of this research. Methods: A screening test for mild cognitive impairment: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test), measurement of body composition by an inner scan monitor, and motoric ability were performed by measuring two-step test. For statistical evaluation of scores before and after each cognitive test intervention, t tests were used. To test for relationships between the score of cognitive test and measured value of body composition and two-step test, Pearson ‘s correlation coefficient was used. Results: Significant improvements in cognitive function were detected after intervention, with the strongest correlating variable with the cognitive function and body composition comparisons being blood vessel age. Furthermore, there was a correlation between two-step test and cognitive function, with those subjects with high motoric ability having high cognitive function. Conclusion: Interventions that combine rhythmic exercises and brain training are effective in preventing dementia. Correlations were detected between cognitive function and vascular age, and motoric’s ability. Therefore, in order to maintain the cognitive function, it is necessary to improve the dietary life as a means of improving vascular age and perform activities to provide maintenance and improvement of motoric’s ability.
{"title":"Achievement of Brain Training Course for the Elderly","authors":"K. Sawami, M. Kimura, H. Nakagawa, T. Kitamura, Chizuko Suishu","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000216","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The first objective of this research was to verification to the effectiveness for combining brain training with rhythmic exercises for three-month brain training. In order to further prevent motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), we gave instructions to continue exercise. In order to evaluate motoric ability, we carried out the two-step test. Confirmation of the benefits of this intervention in motoric ability and the extent of the correlation between body composition and cognitive function was the second objective of this research. \u0000Methods: A screening test for mild cognitive impairment: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test), measurement of body composition by an inner scan monitor, and motoric ability were performed by measuring two-step test. For statistical evaluation of scores before and after each cognitive test intervention, t tests were used. To test for relationships between the score of cognitive test and measured value of body composition and two-step test, Pearson ‘s correlation coefficient was used. \u0000Results: Significant improvements in cognitive function were detected after intervention, with the strongest correlating variable with the cognitive function and body composition comparisons being blood vessel age. Furthermore, there was a correlation between two-step test and cognitive function, with those subjects with high motoric ability having high cognitive function. \u0000Conclusion: Interventions that combine rhythmic exercises and brain training are effective in preventing dementia. Correlations were detected between cognitive function and vascular age, and motoric’s ability. Therefore, in order to maintain the cognitive function, it is necessary to improve the dietary life as a means of improving vascular age and perform activities to provide maintenance and improvement of motoric’s ability.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2380-5439.1000216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41628609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-12DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000215
K. Pope
It is believed that recall is influenced by the tempo and style of music. The main purpose of the research was to discover if jazz or classical music effects the ability to recall information. It was hypothesized that classical music at 60 and 120 beats per minute was more effective than jazz music at 60 and 120 beats per minute. In the present study, a two by two dimension will be used to compare jazz and classical music at 60 beats per minute and 120 beats per minute to observe how much material individuals can remember. 60 randomly selected individuals read a comprehensive GRE passage for 5 minutes. Although there were many limitations in this study, it serves to show the importance in developing methods for better recall.
{"title":"The Effects of Jazz and Classical Music on Recall","authors":"K. Pope","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000215","url":null,"abstract":"It is believed that recall is influenced by the tempo and style of music. The main purpose of the research was to discover if jazz or classical music effects the ability to recall information. It was hypothesized that classical music at 60 and 120 beats per minute was more effective than jazz music at 60 and 120 beats per minute. In the present study, a two by two dimension will be used to compare jazz and classical music at 60 beats per minute and 120 beats per minute to observe how much material individuals can remember. 60 randomly selected individuals read a comprehensive GRE passage for 5 minutes. Although there were many limitations in this study, it serves to show the importance in developing methods for better recall.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2380-5439.1000215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-27DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000214
Yuko Shimizu, H. Iida, M. Nenoi, M. Akashi
The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Japan has conducted training courses for professionals to obtain correct knowledge on radiation and its use in various fields. After the Fukushima accident, the demands for education on radiation not only by professionals but also by students increased. NIRS started school visits to conduct classes on radiation basics to ninth-grade (14/15-year-old) students in public junior high schools in cooperation with the Chiba city education board. After the classes, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the school visits and to improve the contents of the education. Almost half of the students thought that the contents of the lecture were slightly difficult or difficult to understand. Use of devices or instruments such as a cloud chamber, TV phone, or survey meter was helpful to arouse the students’ interest. The school visits significantly changed the students’ feelings toward radiation from “fear” to “interest”. Our preliminary trial to conduct a class on radiation basics in junior high school suggests that detection of radiation by students and its visualization are very helpful in educating school children on radiation.
{"title":"Importance of Supporting School Education on Radiation After theFukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident","authors":"Yuko Shimizu, H. Iida, M. Nenoi, M. Akashi","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Japan has conducted training courses for professionals to obtain correct knowledge on radiation and its use in various fields. After the Fukushima accident, the demands for education on radiation not only by professionals but also by students increased. NIRS started school visits to conduct classes on radiation basics to ninth-grade (14/15-year-old) students in public junior high schools in cooperation with the Chiba city education board. After the classes, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the school visits and to improve the contents of the education. Almost half of the students thought that the contents of the lecture were slightly difficult or difficult to understand. Use of devices or instruments such as a cloud chamber, TV phone, or survey meter was helpful to arouse the students’ interest. The school visits significantly changed the students’ feelings toward radiation from “fear” to “interest”. Our preliminary trial to conduct a class on radiation basics in junior high school suggests that detection of radiation by students and its visualization are very helpful in educating school children on radiation.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47561864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-10DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000212
Babita Singh, Pratima Ghimire
Introduction: Congenital heart defects are the most common, pervasive and serious chronic illness of all congenital malformations. The birth of a child can be stressful enough for many parents, turn into one of dashed joy and feeling of distress so there may be necessary for parents to obtain enough support from health professionals. Methods: A descriptive Correlational study was conducted among 142 parents of children with Congenital Heart Disease attending Pediatric Medical Out Patient Department in Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center, Bansbari, Kathmandu. Data were collected using pre-tested structured interview schedule in Nepali version. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square and Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation). Results: The findings of the study revealed that near about three forth (71.8%) of parents had moderately level of stress whereas 28.2% had low level of stress and 79.6% had moderately helpful level of coping and 20.4% had minimally helpful level of coping. There was negative correlation between stress and coping (r=-0.076 and p-value=0.367) of parents. There were no any statistical association between socio-demographic characteristics of parents and stress level. Similarly, there were statistically significant association of level of coping with relationship with child, religion and occupation of parents (p-value 0.004, 0.002 and 0.005) respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that with increased level of stress, there is decreased level of coping among the parents. Further, the findings suggest that health personnel must assess parenting stress at each visit to provide appropriate support and anticipatory guidance to families of children with Congenital Heart Disease.
{"title":"Stress and Coping among the Parents of Children with Congenital HeartDisease: A Hospital Based Study","authors":"Babita Singh, Pratima Ghimire","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000212","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Congenital heart defects are the most common, pervasive and serious chronic illness of all congenital malformations. The birth of a child can be stressful enough for many parents, turn into one of dashed joy and feeling of distress so there may be necessary for parents to obtain enough support from health professionals. \u0000Methods: A descriptive Correlational study was conducted among 142 parents of children with Congenital Heart Disease attending Pediatric Medical Out Patient Department in Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center, Bansbari, Kathmandu. Data were collected using pre-tested structured interview schedule in Nepali version. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square and Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation). \u0000Results: The findings of the study revealed that near about three forth (71.8%) of parents had moderately level of stress whereas 28.2% had low level of stress and 79.6% had moderately helpful level of coping and 20.4% had minimally helpful level of coping. There was negative correlation between stress and coping (r=-0.076 and p-value=0.367) of parents. There were no any statistical association between socio-demographic characteristics of parents and stress level. Similarly, there were statistically significant association of level of coping with relationship with child, religion and occupation of parents (p-value 0.004, 0.002 and 0.005) respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that with increased level of stress, there is decreased level of coping among the parents. Further, the findings suggest that health personnel must assess parenting stress at each visit to provide appropriate support and anticipatory guidance to families of children with Congenital Heart Disease.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49033535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-23DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000211
John Chovanes, D. Schneider, Jessica L. Mckee, J. Wang
There are six important vital structures in the neck providing aerodigestive, nervous, endocrine, and circulatory functions and they are minimally protected by the skeletal system unlike other areas of the body [1]. This lack of protection in the neck not only contributes to physician angst during treatment, but also to the high mortality and complication rate when injury occurs [2-4]. Airway compromise and exsanguination are both very high priorities and the time required to deal with one can be to the detriment of the other. Rapidly controlling hemorrhage provides the time required to establish a definitive airway without further blood loss of an already depleted intravascular volume. Delays in establishing definitive control of the airway can make the task of subsequent airway control difficult or impossible because of hematoma formation or injury/resuscitation induced edema leading to subsequent catastrophic airway obstruction [2,5]. The Western Trauma Association (WTA) Critical Decisions in Trauma recommends direct manual pressure (DMP) be used as a first line response to penetrating neck injury [6]. However, this approach has been associated with a low efficacy rate due to re-bleeding and exsanguination prior to reaching definitive operative care [7].
颈部有六个重要的重要结构，提供空气消化、神经、内分泌和循环功能。与身体其他部位不同，颈部受骨骼系统的保护最小。颈部缺乏保护不仅使医生在治疗过程中感到焦虑，而且导致损伤发生时的高死亡率和并发症发生率[2-4]。气道损伤和失血都是非常重要的，处理其中一个所需的时间可能会损害另一个。快速控制出血提供了建立明确气道所需的时间，而不会使已经耗尽的血管内容量进一步失血。由于血肿形成或损伤/复苏诱导的水肿导致随后的灾难性气道阻塞，延迟建立对气道的最终控制可能使后续气道控制任务变得困难或不可能[2,5]。西方创伤协会(WTA)《创伤中的关键决策》(Critical Decisions in Trauma)推荐直接手动按压(DMP)作为穿透性颈部损伤的一线治疗方法。然而，由于在达到最终手术护理bbb之前会出现再出血和失血，这种方法的有效率较低。
{"title":"Bridging the Gap: A Novel Method for Hemorrhage Control","authors":"John Chovanes, D. Schneider, Jessica L. Mckee, J. Wang","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000211","url":null,"abstract":"There are six important vital structures in the neck providing aerodigestive, nervous, endocrine, and circulatory functions and they are minimally protected by the skeletal system unlike other areas of the body [1]. This lack of protection in the neck not only contributes to physician angst during treatment, but also to the high mortality and complication rate when injury occurs [2-4]. Airway compromise and exsanguination are both very high priorities and the time required to deal with one can be to the detriment of the other. Rapidly controlling hemorrhage provides the time required to establish a definitive airway without further blood loss of an already depleted intravascular volume. Delays in establishing definitive control of the airway can make the task of subsequent airway control difficult or impossible because of hematoma formation or injury/resuscitation induced edema leading to subsequent catastrophic airway obstruction [2,5]. The Western Trauma Association (WTA) Critical Decisions in Trauma recommends direct manual pressure (DMP) be used as a first line response to penetrating neck injury [6]. However, this approach has been associated with a low efficacy rate due to re-bleeding and exsanguination prior to reaching definitive operative care [7].","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2380-5439.1000211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41581612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-20DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000213
Chengye Hou, Jintian Xu, Jing Yan, Zheng Zhao, Yan Sun, Zhiyong Li, Yang Shen, Yichen Huang, Songnian Hu, Ying Liang
Object: To study the association between dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene polymorphisms and the risperidone-induced amenorrhea resulted from hyperprolactinemia in female schizophrenia patients. Patients and methods: According to International Diagnostic and Classification of Diseases tenth edition (ICD-10) criteria, 45 Chinese female schizophrenic patients (25 patients with amenorrhea, and 20 patients with eumenorrhea) were recruited by trained psychiatrists in this study. Sanger sequencing was utilized to determine the DRD2 and COMT genotypes from peripheral venous blood samples. Results: There were no significant differences between amenorrhea patients and eumenorrhea patients in age, disease courses and risperidone dosages (P>0.05). Also, no significant differences were observed in rs6277, rs1079598 and rs4680 polymorphisms between the two groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that DRD2 rs6277, rs1079598 and COMT rs4680 gene polymorphisms show no significant correlation with risperidone-induced amenorrhea in Chinese female schizophrenia patients.
{"title":"Association Studies of DRD2 and COMT Gene Polymorphisms withRisperidone-induced Amenorrhea in Female Schizophrenia Patients","authors":"Chengye Hou, Jintian Xu, Jing Yan, Zheng Zhao, Yan Sun, Zhiyong Li, Yang Shen, Yichen Huang, Songnian Hu, Ying Liang","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Object: To study the association between dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and catechol-O-methyltransferase \u0000(COMT) gene polymorphisms and the risperidone-induced amenorrhea resulted from hyperprolactinemia in female \u0000schizophrenia patients. \u0000Patients and methods: According to International Diagnostic and Classification of Diseases tenth edition (ICD-10) \u0000criteria, 45 Chinese female schizophrenic patients (25 patients with amenorrhea, and 20 patients with eumenorrhea) \u0000were recruited by trained psychiatrists in this study. Sanger sequencing was utilized to determine the DRD2 and COMT \u0000genotypes from peripheral venous blood samples. \u0000Results: There were no significant differences between amenorrhea patients and eumenorrhea patients in age, \u0000disease courses and risperidone dosages (P>0.05). Also, no significant differences were observed in rs6277, rs1079598 \u0000and rs4680 polymorphisms between the two groups. \u0000Conclusion: These results suggest that DRD2 rs6277, rs1079598 and COMT rs4680 gene polymorphisms show \u0000 no significant correlation with risperidone-induced amenorrhea in Chinese female schizophrenia patients.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42364202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-17DOI: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000210
O. OsualaEunice
Hypertension is a major risk factor for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) with complications such as stroke and heart failure. Knowledge and attitude about hypertension have been indicated to influence practice of healthy lifestyle which has implications for hypertension prevention and control. There are anecdotal reports of sudden death and stroke in Isunjaba. However, there is no documentation about their lifestyle practices relating to hypertension. Health information given by nurses may positively influence healthy behaviours such as exercise, weight control, appropriate nutrition and regular Blood Pressure (BP) checks. This study was designed to assess the effects of a Community Health Nursing Intervention (CHNI) on knowledge, attitude and lifestyles relating to hypertension among residents of Isunjaba, Imo State, having the economic advantage of population-focus study in mind. There was significant difference in knowledge, attitude, and lifestyle of the two groups after intervention, P value<0.05. Health Education about hypertension to improve knowledge, attitude as well as positive lifestyles among populations should be supported by nurses, agencies and the Government.
{"title":"Hypertension Prevention and Control: Effects of a Community HealthNurse-led Intervention","authors":"O. OsualaEunice","doi":"10.4172/2380-5439.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2380-5439.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is a major risk factor for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) with complications such as stroke and heart failure. Knowledge and attitude about hypertension have been indicated to influence practice of healthy lifestyle which has implications for hypertension prevention and control. There are anecdotal reports of sudden death and stroke in Isunjaba. However, there is no documentation about their lifestyle practices relating to hypertension. Health information given by nurses may positively influence healthy behaviours such as exercise, weight control, appropriate nutrition and regular Blood Pressure (BP) checks. This study was designed to assess the effects of a Community Health Nursing Intervention (CHNI) on knowledge, attitude and lifestyles relating to hypertension among residents of Isunjaba, Imo State, having the economic advantage of population-focus study in mind. There was significant difference in knowledge, attitude, and lifestyle of the two groups after intervention, P value<0.05. Health Education about hypertension to improve knowledge, attitude as well as positive lifestyles among populations should be supported by nurses, agencies and the Government.","PeriodicalId":91744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health education research & development","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47551027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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