BMC Research Notes最新文献

Objective: This study developed a predictive model to identify the high-risk patients for sequential oxygen therapy (SOT) following the extubation from invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Results: A total of 152 patients were included in this study. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified the potential risk factors associated with the need for SOT following the extubation from IMV in patients with CABG, including the timing of endotracheal extubation (OR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.29-0.52), duration of IMV (OR = 7.37, 95%CI = 4.28-10.47), simple/combined CABG (OR = 4.31, 95%CI = 1.95-6.67), 1-hour postoperative creatine kinase (CK) levels (OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.17-2.02), oxygenation index (OI) (OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.63-0.85), and base excess (BE) (OR = 0.47, 95%CI = 0.36-0.57) at the time of extubation. The nomogram demonstrated a consistency index (C-index) and an area under the ROC curve of 0.700. The calibration curve indicated a high degree of agreement between predicted and observed values, and the DCA confirmed the practical utility of the identified indicators.

Objective: We aimed to begin studying, more empirically, within our ethics department,scientific integrity itself, considering scientific integrity as an integral part of morality. We therefore decided to start with a preliminary meta-ethics study, based on a small sample of chapters from two conference proceedings, published exclusively in French in 2016 and 2021, to which two of us have actively contributed .

Results: A thematic analysis of secondary information extracted from this sample enabled us to identify three principal themes in scientific integrity: its institutionalization, definition and applicability. And these themes, with their subthemes, highlighted two trends. On the one hand, scientific morality tends towards moral absolutism, whereas, on the other, it tends towards moral relativism. In other words, context does not, morally, justify anything in the first case, but can, ethically, justify certain things in the second. We think that it would be questionable to formalize scientific integrity as a moral absolutism, but this does not necessarily tip the balance in favor of radical moral relativism either. Scientific integrity should allow a contextualization of certain scientific practices within the framework of the activities of research ethics committees applying pragmatist ethical theories.

Objective: A major obstacle to developing effective therapies for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), a uniformly fatal 4R tauopathy, is the absence of an animal model that faithfully reproduces the anatomical, cytopathological, and spatiotemporal progression of disease. Inoculation-based models, using human postmortem brain material bearing disease-specific proteopathic tau seeds, hold great translational potential for modeling tauopathies. Here we conducted key studies towards the development of an inoculation-based PSP model, using human postmortem brain to target three subcortical nuclei impacted in early disease.

Results: We evaluated the impact of five different PSP brain extracts on the extent and distribution of tau pathology following inoculation into 6hTau transgenic mice expressing all six isoforms of human tau. Our findings demonstrate that 2% sarkosyl-insoluble tau successfully recapitulates core cytopathological features of PSP when introduced into disease-relevant nuclei. However, we also identify a major limitation in the restricted yield of 2% sarkosyl-insoluble tau, which significantly impedes the scalability and reproducibility of this approach. We conclude that further progress will likely require alternative strategies to generate a stable and scalable source of tau proteopathic seeds, to support a robust and reproducible inoculation-based mouse model of PSP.

Objective: Quinolones, critically important antimicrobials, pose public health risks due to potential antimicrobial resistance, allergic reactions, and other toxicities when residues persist in food. This study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively assess quinolone residues in chicken meat and eggs supplied to Kathmandu, Nepal. Additionally, data on antibiotic usage trends were collected through a standardized questionnaire using Epicollect + Android application. A total of 120 chicken meat and 120 eggs were collected from five designated sectors. Initial screening for quinolone residues was performed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and samples exceeding the maximum residue limit (MRL) were further analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Results: Quinolone residues were detected in 88.3% of chicken meat and 80% of egg samples. Three chicken meat samples from Kathmandu exceeded the MRL (> 100ppb), with Enrofloxacin found in commercial and education sectors and both Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin in the health sector. In eggs, residue prevalence was 83.9% in Kathmandu followed by Bhaktapur (76.9%) and Lalitpur (65%). Household eggs had the most residues (100%), and the education sector had the least (66.7%) (p = 0.0219). These findings indicate widespread and unregulated quinolone use in poultry production, highlighting the urgent need for prudent antibiotic stewardship to reduce antimicrobial resistance and associated health risks.