BMC Research Notes最新文献

Background: The operating room is a high-risk environment where proper patient positioning is crucial for minimizing injury and ensuring optimal access to surgical sites. This process requires effective collaboration among surgical team members, particularly operating room nurses who play a vital role in patient safety. Despite advancements in technology, challenges such as pressure injuries persist, with a significant incidence rate. Video-based training (VBT) emerges as a promising educational tool, enhancing knowledge retention and fostering a learner-centered approach. This study aims to evaluate the impact of VBT on adherence to surgical positioning standards, highlighting its potential to improve safety protocols in the operating room.

Methods: In this clinical trial, 62 qualified operating room nurses (50 women, 12 men, average age: 28.90 ± 3.75 years) were randomly divided into control and intervention group (n = 31 in each group). The control group only received positioning recommendations, but in the intervention group, in addition to the recommendations, video-based surgical positioning training was performed for 1 month, at least 3 times a week. The performance of nurses in both groups was evaluated through a researcher-made checklist at baseline and post-intervention.

Results: Based on findings, there was no significant difference between the two groups in compliance with surgical positioning standards at baseline (p = 0.07). However, after the intervention, compliance scores significantly improved in the VBT group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The VBT group showed a mean improvement of 62.12 points, while the control group improved by 10.77 points (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: This preliminary study demonstrated a notable improvement in compliance with surgical positioning standards among operating room nurses following VBT intervention. Despite the promising results, the small sample size and preliminary nature of the research necessitate further studies to confirm these findings and assess long-term outcomes. These initial insights highlight the potential of innovative training methods in enhancing surgical practices.

Objectives: The control chart is a classic statistical technique in epidemiology for identifying trends, patterns, or alerts. One meaningful use is monitoring and tracking Infant Mortality Rates, which is a priority both domestically and for the World Health Organization, as it reflects the effectiveness of public policies and the progress of nations. This study aims to evaluate the applicability and performance of this technique in Brazilian cities with different population sizes using infant mortality data.

Results: In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of the statistical process control chart in the context of Brazilian cities. We present three categories of city groups, divided based on population size and classified according to the quality of the analyses when subjected to the control method: consistent, interpretable, and inconsistent. In cities with a large population, the data in these contexts show a lower noise level and reliable results. However, in intermediate and small-sized cities, the technique becomes limited in detecting deviations from expected behaviors, resulting in reduced reliability of the generated patterns and alerts.

Background: Adolescence is a unique stage of life accompanied by physiological and psychological modifications, along with stress, confusion, and depression.

Materials and methods: The present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional research was done on 267 male adolescents who studied at high schools in Zanjan, Iran. Demographic characteristics questionnaires, a 48-item food frequency questionnaire, a short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to collect data.

Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age, weight, height, and sitting time was 15.94 ± 0.91 years, 68.53 ± 15.28 kg, 1.75 ± 0.06 m, and 449.25 ± 322.06 min, respectively. The study results showed that students with poor sleep quality showed a higher rate of depression than those with good sleep quality in the high and low physical activity groups (p < 0.05). The stress, depression, and anxiety scores significantly correlated with sleep quality in the physical activity groups (p < 0.05). The structural equation model analysis results showed that mental health directly affected sleep quality; this association was significant in the low physical activity group.

Conclusion: We found that sleep quality was independently related to mental health in young Iranian men. However, dietary intake was not a significant predictor of mental health or sleep quality. More studies are required to evaluate the association between dietary intake and sleep quality in adults.

Background and objectives: Of the genes conferring resistance to carbapenems in Acinetobacter baumannii, the bla_OXA-23 gene is the most widely found across the world. The gene carrying bla_OXA-23 transposons in A. baumannii isolates of global clones GC1 and GC2 is found worldwide. Here, we examined whether transposons play a role in the dissemination of the bla_OXA-23 in globally distributed clones, GC1 and GC2 A. baumannii isolates from Iraq.

Materials and methods: The 119 non-repetitive A. baumannii isolates including 94 recovered from clinical specimens and 25 isolates from hospital environment between September 2021 and April 2022 from different medical centers located at various regions in Baghdad, Iraq. The global clones (GC) and the genes encoding carbapenem resistance, including bla_OXA-23, bla_OXA-24, and bla_OXA-58 were identified using multiplex PCR assays. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility method. The transposons carrying bla_OXA-23 were examined using PCR mapping. In cases when carbapenem susceptible A. baumannii isolates were found, they were subjected to E test, full length sequencing of bla_OXA-Ab (bla_OXA-51-like) and Institut Pasteur multi-locus sequence typing scheme.

Results: All but two isolates (92 clinical and 25 environmental) were identified carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). Of 117 CRAB isolates, 20 belong to GC1, 19 contained bla_OXA-23; of them, 17 isolates harbored the bla_OXA-23 located on Tn2006. Among the 46 CRAB belonging to GC2, 39 contained bla_OXA-23; of them, 34 carried the bla_OXA-23 located on Tn2006. The remaining GC1 and GC2 isolates, one GC1 as well as one GC2 isolate, were susceptible to imipenem, doripenem, and meropenem and considered carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii (CSAB). Full-length sequencing of the bla_OXA-Ab and MLST for the two CSAB isolates belonging to GC1 and GC2 confirmed that the GC1 isolate belongs to ST 623 and contained an allele that encodes an bla_OXA-69 variant of the bla_OXA-Ab while the GC2 belong to ST2 and carried an bla_OXA-66 variant.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the dissemination of bla_OXA-23 on the Tn2006 in CRAB isolates in Baghdad, Iraq. It appears that this transposon is widespread in GC1 and 2 isolates as in the other parts of the world. Interestingly, one GC1 and one GC2 isolate from Iraq were found to be susceptible to carbapenem while the isolates belonging to GC1 and GC2 have so far rarely been found to be susceptible to carbapenem globally.

Background: Learning in the academic setting is influenced by the dynamic interaction between students and teachers. Recognizing and adapting to diverse learning styles is essential for improving instruction, gaining knowledge, and drawing informed conclusions. Therefore, this study investigated learning styles and their effects on students' academic achievement.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study in Iran's Mazandaran province, 238 nursing students were surveyed between October and December 2021 using random sampling. The questionnaire included socio-demographic data, Kolb's Experiential Learning Model, and students' academic performance (EPT). Statistical analysis with SPSS version 22 involved descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests, and linear regression with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: The mean age of the nursing students was 20.95 ± 1.71 years. The most common student learning styles were convergent (75.2%) and accommodator (12.2%). According to the results, convergent (148.62 ± 16.28) and accommodator learning styles (147.72 ± 8.79) with the highest average played a role in students' academic achievement. The mean score of EPT was 147. 13 ± 15.48 (out of 240). A significant difference between the academic performance and different dimensions of learning style was found (p = 0.002).

Conclusion: Findings indicated that adopting a convergent and accommodator learning style can affect students' academic achievement. Therefore, learning environments appropriate to this style, such as simulation and laboratory activities, are suggested to emphasize practical work and make students think an scrutinize.

Objective: Knowing factors that impact catheter stay duration is important since removing drainage catheters too early or late can have significant consequences. We present a single center retrospective study that analyzes multiple variables, including abscess size, white blood cell count, and patient age, to see if a correlation between them and duration of catheter stay exists. The inclusion criteria were patients that had abdominal abscesses treated with percutaneous abscess drainage using a pigtail catheter, ≥ 18 years of age, and had available medical images and records. 44 patients were included.

Results: Among white blood cell count, patient age, and abscess volume, the only significant relationship with duration of catheter stay was abscess size (R = 0.42, p-value = 0.0049).

Objective: In this study we have focused on biocompatibility and osteoinductive capacity analysis of self-manufactured single-phase (HAP) and two-phase (HAP and β-ТСР) bioactive ceramics with various chemical modifications (Fig. 1).

Results: We demonstrate a reduction in solubility for all analyzed composite after the treatment with H₂O and H₂O₂, accompanied by an enhancement in adsorption activity. This modification also resulted in an increase in micro- and macroporosity, along with a rise in the open porosity. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells demonstrated excellent cell adhesion and survival when cultured with these ceramics. Calcium phosphate ceramics (H-500, HT-500, and HT-1 series) stimulated alkaline phosphatase expression, promoted calcium deposition, and enhanced osteopontin expression in ADSCs, independently inducing osteogenesis without additional osteogenic stimuli. These findings underscore the promising potential of HAP-based bioceramics for bone regeneration/reconstruction.

Objective: The detection/identification of clinically significant antibodies to red cell antigens form the foundation for safe transfusion practices. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of commercially available 0.8% reagent red blood cells (RRBCs) in Australia. 166 patient-derived plasma samples with a positive indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) were tested using column agglutination technology (CAT) with Immulab, Bio-Rad, Grifols and QuidelOrtho screening and identification RRBCs with the respective manufacturer's proprietary CAT system.

Results: False-negative antibody screening and identification results were obtained with Bio-Rad (3/61), Grifols (14/68) and Quidel-Ortho (3/59) RRBCs when tested with the respective manufacturer's proprietary CAT system. Zero false-negative results were observed with Immulab RRBCs when tested with samples across all platforms. The sensitivity of the RRBCs used in this study were calculated to be 95.83% (95%CI 88.30-99.13%) for Bio-Rad RRBCs, 82.50% (95%CI 72.38-90.09%) for Grifols RRBCs and 95.65% (95%CI 87.82-99.09%) for QuidelOrtho RRBCs. The sensitivity of Immulab RRBCs were stratified based on performance in the 3 CAT platforms: Bio-Rad CAT (100%, 95%CI 95.01-100%), Grifols CAT (100%, 95%CI 95.49-100%) and QuidelOrtho CAT (100%, 95%CI 94.79-100%).

Conclusions: RRBCs used in antibody detection and identification vary in diagnostic performance and should therefore be carefully considered before being implemented in routine patient testing.

Background: There is a gradual increase in the number of optometry education programs in Africa yet there is limited knowledge on optometry students' experiences of their clinical training. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the optometry students' experiences of their clinical learning environment at a national referral and teaching hospital in Uganda.

Methods: Between April 2023 and May 2023, face to face in-depth interviews were conducted to explore the experiences of the participants. All 16 optometry students in fourth-year at university were purposefully recruited into the study. Data was collected at the end of the students' clinical training at the eye clinic of a national referral and teaching hospital. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed for analysis using an inductive thematic approach.

Results: Two themes, learning at the eye clinic and organization of the eye clinic, were identified to represent participants' experiences. Each theme had three sub themes.

Conclusion: Training optometry students at an eye clinic enhances their clinical skills and knowledge of diagnosing and managing various eye conditions. Future studies should compare optometry students' experiences in lower-level health units to those in national referral hospitals.

Objective: This research aims to analyze the presence and distribution of resistance genes in the avium and fruticosa subgenomes of Prunus cerasus through computational methods and bioinformatics tools.

Results: Analysis of genome and transcriptome sequencing data revealed a total of 19,570 transcripts with at least one resistance gene domain in Prunus cerasus subgenome avium and 19,142 in Prunus cerasus subgenome fruticosa. Key findings include the identification of 804 "complete" resistance gene transcripts in Prunus cerasus subgenome avium and 817 in Prunus cerasus subgenome fruticosa, with distinct distributions of resistance gene classes observed between the subgenomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of resistance genes, and unique resistance proteins were identified in each subgenome. Functional annotation comparisons with Arabidopsis thaliana highlighted shared and unique resistance genes, emphasizing the complexity of disease resistance in cherry species. Additionally, a higher diversity of RLKs and RLPs was observed, with 504 transcripts identified and 18 showing similarity to known reference genes.