Brazilian oral research最新文献

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the moderating role of social capital in the relationship between income and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among pregnant women. The study was conducted using a random sample of pregnant women registered with the public health system in southern Brazil. Women with sensory or cognitive impairments, non-Brazilian nationality, or high-risk pregnancies were excluded. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess OHRQoL. Social capital was evaluated through "perceived social support" and "pregnancy group attendance." The monthly household income was assessed in Brazilian Reais and categorized as either high (≥ 1,000 BRL) or low (< 1,000 BRL). The moderating role of social capital on the relationship between income and OHRQoL was tested using multilevel Poisson regression analysis. The results are presented as rate ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 520 pregnant women were assessed, with a response rate of 93%. Approximately 25.6% had low income. Both social capital variables demonstrated a moderating effect on the relationship between income and OHRQoL. Among pregnant women with a low household income, those without social support and those who did not attend pregnancy groups had 44% (RR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.22-1.72) and 22% (RR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.42) higher overall OHIP-14 scores, respectively, compared to their counterparts. This means that social support and group attendance substantially mitigate the negative effects of low income on OHRQoL. Our findings highlight the potential role of social capital promotion in this population.

In the state of Roraima, Brazil, indigenous populations have distinct cultural habits and ethnic characteristics compared to those of the nonindigenous population. Changes in the oral health of indigenous people are critical areas of investigation for generating oral health indicators, which significantly influence the overall health of this population, given their fundamental role in the development of public health policies. Our objective was to compare the oral conditions of indigenous people of the Yanomamis (YANs) and Macuxis (MACs) ethnicities in the state of Roraima. A total of 148 indigenous people were evaluated: 83 (53.50%) YANs and 65 (46.50%) MACs. All indigenous participants were assessed at the Indigenous Health House (CASAI), in the municipality of Boa Vista/RR, and data regarding oral condition, DMFT index, periodontal indices, basic erosive wear examination (BEWE) index, and eating habits were obtained. Significant differences were found in the DMFT index, which was higher for MAC individuals than for YAN individuals (P<0.05). Periodontal evaluation revealed a significantly larger probing depth in YAN individuals aged over 35 years. Plaque index was higher for YAN individuals, with a significant difference noted in all compared groups. As for the BEWE index, no statistically significant difference was observed between YAN and MAC individuals. With respect to eating habits, YAN individuals consumed significantly more native foods, whereas MAC individuals consumed predominantly processed foods. Periodontal indices are affected by poor oral hygiene, and oral hygiene instruction and guidance are necessary and could help reduce the incidence of dental caries and periodontal disease.

This prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effect of an additional instrument following the single-file instrumentation approach on postoperative pain. Fifty-six mandibular molars with asymptomatic apical periodontitis were randomly assigned to two groups: G1 - instrumentation using a single reciprocating file; G2 - additional enlargement. The frequency and intensity of postoperative pain were assessed at 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days after endodontic treatment using the numerical pain assessment scale (NPAS) (Mann-Whitney U test). Analgesic intake was also recorded and analyzed using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. The incidence of root canal filling extrusion was also evaluated (chi-square). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. At 24 h, the incidence of postoperative pain was higher when additional enlargement was performed (p = 0.019). The incidence of pain was similar between groups after 48 h (p = 0.121) and 7 days (p = 1.000). The intensity of pain was also higher at 24 h in Group 2 (p = 0.019), while it was similar between groups after 48 h (p = 0.177) and 7 days (p = 1.000). The frequency of analgesic intake was higher in Group 2 after 24 h (p = 0.019). The incidence of root canal filling material extrusion was similar in both groups (p = 0.181). In conclusion, additional enlargement following single-file root canal preparation resulted in a higher incidence and intensity of postoperative pain immediately after treatment (24 h), with no significant impact at 48 h and 7 days.

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between the degree of depression, anxiety, and stress and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents aged 11 to 19 years from Santa Maria, Brazil. The Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ 11-14) was used to evaluate OHRQoL. The degree of anxiety, depression, and stress was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - Short Form (DASS-21). Additionally, sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables were considered. Adjusted Poisson regression models were applied to examine the associations between predictive variables and overall CPQ11-14 scores. Results are reported as rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A total of 164 adolescents were evaluated. The mean DASS-21 scores for depression, anxiety, and stress were 6.9 (standard deviation [SD] 9.0), 8.7 (SD 8.9), and 11.9 (SD 9.7), respectively. The mean CPQ 11-14 score was 12.2 (SD 10.3). Adolescents with high levels of depression (RR = 1.03; 95%CI: 1.02-1.05) and stress (RR = 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.04) presented higher CPQ 11-14 scores, indicating a significant impact of those symptoms on OHRQoL. In conclusion, adolescents with high depression and stress scores experienced poorer OHRQoL, highlighting the need for integrated mental health and oral health interventions to improve their overall well-being.

Specific measures for assessing dental anxiety and fear are crucial in pediatric dentistry for their management. This cross-sectional study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale - Faces (MCDASf). A total of 189 children enrolled in public schools in Pelotas, Southern Brazil, and their parents were included. The children completed an interview that included the MCDASf, Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), Dental Anxiety Question (DAQ), and self-reported oral health-related outcomes. The parents provided sociodemographic data and information on dental visits and pain. Descriptive statistics, comparison and correlation tests, and psychometric analyses were conducted. The MCDASf scores were positively correlated with the CFSS-DS scores (rho = 0.60; p < 0.001). Children reporting dental anxiety (DAQ) had higher MCDASf scores. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on MCDASf items. The factor model was supported by Bartlett's test of sphericity (p < 0.001) and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure (0.782). The loadings indicated that the two factors explained 18.9% and 13.9% of the variance. Factor 1 included items 1-3, 5, 7, and 8, whereas Factor 2 included items 4 and 6. The MCDASf showed satisfactory internal consistency: Cronbach's α = 0.73 and McDonald's ω = 0.82 for the total scale, with α and ω > 0.66 for both factors. Coefficients ≥ 0.70 are considered acceptable. This study provided psychometric evidence supporting the Brazilian MCDASf (B-MCDASf) as a reliable self-report tool for assessing dental anxiety in children in both clinical and research settings.

In this study, referrals for lingual frenotomy/frenectomy (F/F) were evaluated in children younger than 7 years the public dental services of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, from 2017 to 2022. In this longitudinal observational retrospective study, the Hygiaweb System (Power BI) platform to access electronic medical records, and the following variables were collected: incidence of F/F, reports of symptoms associated with ankyloglossia, duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), professional categories requesting the referral, and multiprofessional evaluation. Descriptive analyses, associations between variables, comparisons between groups and incidence ratios were performed. The significance level was set at 5%. During the study period, 242 procedures were performed, the majority of them in children younger than 1 year, with an increasing trend towards F/F (p = 0.028, S = 11). The estimated incidence was 40.6 F/F per 10,000 inhabitants. Among all children who underwent F/F, the majority were breastfed for up to 1 month (101, 41.7%), followed by 4 to 5 months (56, 23.1%). There was no significant association between exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and lingual frenectomy before 6 months of age (p = 0.444). Confirmation of the need for lingual frenectomy was associated with multidisciplinary assessment at referral (p < 0.001; Cramér's V = 0.268). It can be concluded that organization of the care process and the breastfeeding support movement may have had a positive influence on the management of cases and the upward trend towards F/F procedures. Multiprofessional assessment seemed to have an impact on the accuracy of referrals for cases requiring surgical intervention.

The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of the Brazilian population exposed to risk factors for oral cancer, as well as the profile of patients in the high-risk group for this disease in Brazil. This study relied on a cross-sectional design, utilizing secondary data from the 2020 National Health Survey (PNS). The database used contained information on 90,846 individuals aged 18 and older. The dependent variable was "High-risk group for oral cancer development" and the independent variables were grouped into biological characteristics, educational level, access to health services, and self-care practices. In the multivariate analysis, odds ratios of outcomes were assessed using a logistic regression model. Individuals of white ethnicity, with low levels of education, residing in rural areas, not registered in the Family Health Strategy program, who have rarely or never seen a dentist, self-assessing their general health as poor, and lacking regular physical exercise were more likely to be in the high-risk group for the development of oral cancer. The data from the 2020 National Health Survey (PNS) demonstrate that a large portion of the Brazilian population is exposed to risk factors for oral cancer. This highlights the disparities in access to medical and dental health services, as well as in the educational and preventive interventions by healthcare professionals regarding risk factors for oral cancer.

This study analyzed the influence of sociodemographic, occupational, and accident-related factors on adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among dental professionals. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System, covering incidents of biological material exposure from 2018 to 2023 across all federal units. PEP adherence was the outcome analyzed, and related factors included sociodemographic, occupational, and accident characteristics. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed (α = 5%). A total of 15,650 notifications involving dental professionals were analyzed, representing 3.91% of all cases of occupational exposure, with a PEP adherence rate of 91.0%. The exposed professionals had a mean age of 32.5 years (SD = 10.4), were predominantly women (76.6%), of White race/ethnicity (65.4%), and had higher education (79.7%). The mean work experience was 3.6 years (SD = 6.8). In the adjusted model, adherence was associated with lower educational attainment (OR = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.58-0.88), younger age (OR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99), and longer work experience (OR = 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.03). Percutaneous exposure (OR = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.16-1.67), contact with blood (OR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.18-1.82), and dental procedure-related accidents (OR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.07-1.70) increased the likelihood of adherence. Hepatitis B vaccination (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.62-2.36) was associated with increased adherence to PEP. Adherence to PEP was influenced by multiple factors, highlighting the need for effective strategies to improve adherence and occupational safety among these professionals.

Marginal adaptation failure in noncarious cervical restorations (NCCRS) significantly compromises restoration longevity and adversely impacts patient outcomes. early identification of high-risk restorations is therefore of clinical importance. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a supervised machine learning (ML) model capable of predicting the risk of marginal adaptation failure in NCCRS within 18 months following treatment. A total of 262 restorations were analyzed, incorporating multiple clinical variables, including adhesive system used, cavity geometry, degree of dentin sclerosis, incisogingival height, tooth characteristics, and patient age. Seven supervised ml algorithms were trained and assessed: decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, and random forest. model performance was evaluated using fivefold cross-validation and standard metrics, including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score. Key predictive features identified were incisogingival height, patient age, and type of adhesive system. the auc values ranged from 0.72 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.57-0.88) to 0.52 (95%CI: 0.51-0.83), and recall values ranged from 0.77 (95%CI: 0.66-0.89) to 0.53 (95%CI: 0.40-0.66). Among the tested algorithms, SVM, gradient boosting, and KNN demonstrated superior predictive performance. these findings suggest that ml models can serve as effective tools for predicting restoration failure and may assist clinicians in optimizing post-treatment monitoring and follow-up strategies for patients with NCCRS.

The aim of this study was to elucidate, unclear points of the "Oral Health Survey: basic methods", of the World Health Organization (WHO), relative to reproducibility (encompassed reliability and agreement) issues during examiners' calibration. Thus, Kappa statistics and percent agreement were calculated for a sample of 10 12-year-old schoolchildren examined by 1 gold standard examiner and 5 dentists from Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil, in 2018, under the WHO and SB Brasil 2010 Project settings. Weighted Kappa was used to measure reliability between 2 examiners, and Fleiss' Kappa for 5 examiners. Tooth-to-tooth reliability was also assessed. The results showed that, although the choice of different settings invariably produced different reliability and agreement values, this approach was feasible, coherent and even desirable depending on the purpose of an epidemiological survey conducted. Kappa values were slightly lower in the SB Brasil 2010 Project setting. The results for tooth-to-tooth reliability, in turn, allowed identification of teeth (in this sample, teeth 17, 23, 27, 34, 37, 44, 45, and 47) for which additional examiner calibrations would be necessary. It is concluded that providing additional information for inclusion in the WHO manual, such as the possibility of varying the setting, adopting the tooth-by-tooth unit, and selecting the correct type of Kappa statistic depending on the number of examiners, within a multilevel calibration proposal, may result in more reliable results during the calibration stage.