Brazilian oral research最新文献

In this study, referrals for lingual frenotomy/frenectomy (F/F) were evaluated in children younger than 7 years the public dental services of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, from 2017 to 2022. In this longitudinal observational retrospective study, the Hygiaweb System (Power BI) platform to access electronic medical records, and the following variables were collected: incidence of F/F, reports of symptoms associated with ankyloglossia, duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), professional categories requesting the referral, and multiprofessional evaluation. Descriptive analyses, associations between variables, comparisons between groups and incidence ratios were performed. The significance level was set at 5%. During the study period, 242 procedures were performed, the majority of them in children younger than 1 year, with an increasing trend towards F/F (p = 0.028, S = 11). The estimated incidence was 40.6 F/F per 10,000 inhabitants. Among all children who underwent F/F, the majority were breastfed for up to 1 month (101, 41.7%), followed by 4 to 5 months (56, 23.1%). There was no significant association between exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and lingual frenectomy before 6 months of age (p = 0.444). Confirmation of the need for lingual frenectomy was associated with multidisciplinary assessment at referral (p < 0.001; Cramér's V = 0.268). It can be concluded that organization of the care process and the breastfeeding support movement may have had a positive influence on the management of cases and the upward trend towards F/F procedures. Multiprofessional assessment seemed to have an impact on the accuracy of referrals for cases requiring surgical intervention.

The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of the Brazilian population exposed to risk factors for oral cancer, as well as the profile of patients in the high-risk group for this disease in Brazil. This study relied on a cross-sectional design, utilizing secondary data from the 2020 National Health Survey (PNS). The database used contained information on 90,846 individuals aged 18 and older. The dependent variable was "High-risk group for oral cancer development" and the independent variables were grouped into biological characteristics, educational level, access to health services, and self-care practices. In the multivariate analysis, odds ratios of outcomes were assessed using a logistic regression model. Individuals of white ethnicity, with low levels of education, residing in rural areas, not registered in the Family Health Strategy program, who have rarely or never seen a dentist, self-assessing their general health as poor, and lacking regular physical exercise were more likely to be in the high-risk group for the development of oral cancer. The data from the 2020 National Health Survey (PNS) demonstrate that a large portion of the Brazilian population is exposed to risk factors for oral cancer. This highlights the disparities in access to medical and dental health services, as well as in the educational and preventive interventions by healthcare professionals regarding risk factors for oral cancer.

This study analyzed the influence of sociodemographic, occupational, and accident-related factors on adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among dental professionals. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System, covering incidents of biological material exposure from 2018 to 2023 across all federal units. PEP adherence was the outcome analyzed, and related factors included sociodemographic, occupational, and accident characteristics. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed (α = 5%). A total of 15,650 notifications involving dental professionals were analyzed, representing 3.91% of all cases of occupational exposure, with a PEP adherence rate of 91.0%. The exposed professionals had a mean age of 32.5 years (SD = 10.4), were predominantly women (76.6%), of White race/ethnicity (65.4%), and had higher education (79.7%). The mean work experience was 3.6 years (SD = 6.8). In the adjusted model, adherence was associated with lower educational attainment (OR = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.58-0.88), younger age (OR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99), and longer work experience (OR = 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.03). Percutaneous exposure (OR = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.16-1.67), contact with blood (OR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.18-1.82), and dental procedure-related accidents (OR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.07-1.70) increased the likelihood of adherence. Hepatitis B vaccination (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.62-2.36) was associated with increased adherence to PEP. Adherence to PEP was influenced by multiple factors, highlighting the need for effective strategies to improve adherence and occupational safety among these professionals.

Marginal adaptation failure in noncarious cervical restorations (NCCRS) significantly compromises restoration longevity and adversely impacts patient outcomes. early identification of high-risk restorations is therefore of clinical importance. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a supervised machine learning (ML) model capable of predicting the risk of marginal adaptation failure in NCCRS within 18 months following treatment. A total of 262 restorations were analyzed, incorporating multiple clinical variables, including adhesive system used, cavity geometry, degree of dentin sclerosis, incisogingival height, tooth characteristics, and patient age. Seven supervised ml algorithms were trained and assessed: decision tree, support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, and random forest. model performance was evaluated using fivefold cross-validation and standard metrics, including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score. Key predictive features identified were incisogingival height, patient age, and type of adhesive system. the auc values ranged from 0.72 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.57-0.88) to 0.52 (95%CI: 0.51-0.83), and recall values ranged from 0.77 (95%CI: 0.66-0.89) to 0.53 (95%CI: 0.40-0.66). Among the tested algorithms, SVM, gradient boosting, and KNN demonstrated superior predictive performance. these findings suggest that ml models can serve as effective tools for predicting restoration failure and may assist clinicians in optimizing post-treatment monitoring and follow-up strategies for patients with NCCRS.

The aim of this study was to elucidate, unclear points of the "Oral Health Survey: basic methods", of the World Health Organization (WHO), relative to reproducibility (encompassed reliability and agreement) issues during examiners' calibration. Thus, Kappa statistics and percent agreement were calculated for a sample of 10 12-year-old schoolchildren examined by 1 gold standard examiner and 5 dentists from Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil, in 2018, under the WHO and SB Brasil 2010 Project settings. Weighted Kappa was used to measure reliability between 2 examiners, and Fleiss' Kappa for 5 examiners. Tooth-to-tooth reliability was also assessed. The results showed that, although the choice of different settings invariably produced different reliability and agreement values, this approach was feasible, coherent and even desirable depending on the purpose of an epidemiological survey conducted. Kappa values were slightly lower in the SB Brasil 2010 Project setting. The results for tooth-to-tooth reliability, in turn, allowed identification of teeth (in this sample, teeth 17, 23, 27, 34, 37, 44, 45, and 47) for which additional examiner calibrations would be necessary. It is concluded that providing additional information for inclusion in the WHO manual, such as the possibility of varying the setting, adopting the tooth-by-tooth unit, and selecting the correct type of Kappa statistic depending on the number of examiners, within a multilevel calibration proposal, may result in more reliable results during the calibration stage.

Poor oral health can negatively impact overall health and quality of life. Understanding how oral health predicts weakness in older adults is critical, since weakness increases the risk of health outcomes. However, the predictive role of oral health indicators in weakness among older adults remains unclear. This study assessed the ability of oral health indicators to predict weakness using data from Brazil's EpiFloripa Aging cohort study. Predictive validity was evaluated in a sample of older adults participating in the cohort's second (n = 440) and third (n = 347) waves. Self-reported sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables were analyzed, with weakness diagnosed using cut-off points for handgrip strength. Predictive models incorporating sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables were tested. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Approximately 45.9% of the participants had two to three compromised oral health indicators during the second wave, and the five-year incidence of weakness was 31.9%. Oral health indicators and the oral frailty score did not enhance the prediction of weakness compared to models based solely on demographic, socioeconomic, and general health variables. However, models including oral health indicators demonstrated predictive accuracy comparable to those with demographic, socioeconomic, and general health variables. Sensitivity values were low (3.70-6.48%), while specificity values were high (>99%), with accuracy ranging from 0.64 to 0.71. These findings suggest that oral health indicators offer comparable predictive validity for weakness as sociodemographic and general health models, potentially serving as useful tools for health teams in screening older adults for weakness.

A cross-sectional study was carried out among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in order to determine the frequency of oral mucosal lesions or conditions (OL), as well as to analyze its relationship with some clinical and laboratory parameters. Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data were considered. Statistics included univariate and multivariate analyses. Ninety patients [46 (51.1%) males] were included [median age: 43 years (range 18-79 years)]. UC was diagnosed in 65 (72.2%) patients; CD in 25 (27.8%) patients; and inactive CD was detected in 78 (86.6%) patients. All patients (100%) had OL; fissured tongue was the most frequent finding [68 (75.6%)]. Furred tongue was more common in UC than in CD patients [45 (69.2%) vs. 11(44.0%); p = 0.03]; lower levels of hemoglobin were more often detected in mucosal pallor [(median (Md) =12.1 vs. 14.4g/dL); p = 0.02] than in other OLs. Higher frequency of melanosis was observed when oral rinses were used [37 (71.2%) vs. 15 (28.8%)]; p = 0.03], compared to those who did not use them. A higher risk of varix [OR: = 37.6 (95%CI: 4.7-298.9), p < 0.001], leukoedema [OR: 5.8 (95%CI: 1.4-24.2); p = 0.004], candidosis [OR: 3.9 (95%CI: 1.4-10.6); p = 0.05], fissured tongue [OR: 3.8 (95%CI: 1.2-11.5); p = 0.01], and all infectious processes analyzed collectively [OR: 3.6 (95%CI: 1.3-9.8); p = 0.03], was found in patients older than 45 years than in younger ones. Also, patients with fissured tongue presented a higher risk of having candidosis than those without this condition [OR: 6.1 (95%CI: 2.1-17.5); p = 0.007]. OLs were highly frequently observed in UC and CD patients. Age (> 45 years), low levels of hemoglobin, use of mouthwashes, among other variables, were predictive factors of OL in these patients; thus, their assessment and detection in inflammatory bowel disease should be emphasized.

The etiological intersection between orofacial clefts and oral cancer may involve environmental factors modulating gene expression in shared biological pathways. This study aimed to investigate the association between orofacial clefts and oral potentially malignant disorders or oral squamous cell carcinoma, focusing on genetic variants and environmental risk factors. A case-control design was employed, comprising 48 histologically confirmed cases of oral potentially malignant disorders or oral squamous cell carcinoma and 96 age- and sex-matched controls. Information on family history of orofacial cleft, and biological and environmental risk factors, was collected through interviews. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples and genotyped for rs1533767 (WNT11), rs9879992 (GSK3B), and rs3923087 and rs11867417 (AXIN2). Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the associations between family history of orofacial cleft and oral potentially malignant disorders/oral cancer, and between environmental risk factors and oral potentially malignant disorders/oral cancer were calculated using STATA software. Genotype and allele frequency comparisons between groups were conducted using PLINK Software. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05 and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). No statistically significant association was found between family history and orofacial clefts (p = 0.52). However, place of residence (adjusted OR:5.46, p < 0.001, 95%CI: 3.76-63.543), and three genetic variants-rs1533767 (OR: 1.94, p = 0.042, 95%CI: 1.018-3.694), rs3923087 (OR: 0.58, p = 0.038, 95%CI: 0.344-0.974), rs11867417 (OR: 0.51, p = 0.010, 95%CI: 0.304-0.857)-were associated with oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma. These findings suggest that specific environmental risk factors and genetic variants may be associated with increased susceptibility to oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer.

This study investigated associations between sociodemographic and professional profiles, work-related factors, and the effectiveness of oral health promotion strategies implemented by dentists in the Family Health Strategy. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 211 dentists working in Oral Health Teams within the Family Health Strategy in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected online using a validated instrument. A matrix encompassing the core values and pillars of health promotion was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral health promotion strategies. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression (p < 0.05), and all analyses were performed in Stata, version 14. Greater effectiveness of oral health promotion strategies was associated with mixed Oral Health Teams (urban and rural coverage) (PR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.154-2.076; p = 0.003) and with dentists under temporary contracts (PR = 1.67; 95%CI: 1.240-2.250; p = 0.001). The effectiveness of oral health promotion strategies was associated with work-related factors. Evaluations of oral health promotion practices are essential to support improvements in oral health management. The findings highlight the need to strengthen these practices through professionals who, in addition to having a defined employment relationship and a structured work process, value oral health promotion as a key component of care.

This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal effect of dentition status on the perceived mobility limitation of community-dwelling Brazilian older adults. This cohort study used data from individuals who participated in the second (2006), third (2010), and fourth (2015) waves of the Health Well-being and Aging Study, conducted in the urban region of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, with adults aged 60 years and older. Mobility limitation was assessed in all waves according to reports of difficulty in performing seven activities, with higher scores representing a higher number of limitations. The independent variables of interest were number of teeth, use of dental prostheses, impact of oral health on functionality, and presence of periodontal pockets. Oral health measures were assessed by dentists, in all waves, during a clinical oral examination. The generalized linear mixed model with a Poisson distribution was used to assess longitudinal associations. All the variables were treated as time-varying in the analysis. Older adults with 20 or more teeth had a lower risk of mobility limitation than edentulous individuals, while the impact of oral health on functionality was associated with an increased risk. Similar findings were observed among dentate individuals. Periodontal disease was not associated with the outcome in dentate individuals. The associations were constant over time. The number of teeth and the impact of oral health on functionality are risk factors for mobility limitation, underscoring the importance of maintaining functional dentition for healthy aging.