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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLOODED AREAS USING SATELLITE IMAGES LANDSAT 7-ETM+ AND HYDRAULIC MODEL HEC-RAS. CASE STUDY: THE JIJIA RIVER, SLOBOZIA-DINGENI SECTION 利用landsat 7-etm +卫星影像与水利模型hec-ras对比分析洪涝地区。案例研究:吉家河,斯洛博齐亚-丁格尼河段
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.72
Elena HuÈ›anu, Andrei Urzică, L. Paveluc, C. Stoleriu, A. Grozavu
This study aims to make a comparison between flooded areas identified using the flood bands obtained with HEC-RAS hydraulic model, and the NDWI index resulted by processing Landsat 7-ETM+ satellite imagery. The study area was the upper sector of the Jijia River in Moldavian Plateau (North-Eastern Romania), affected by the July 2010 flood that was well caught in the satellite images. During that event the level of the Jijia River at Dingeni hydrometric station reached a value of 579 cm, far exceeding the level of flooding. Performing different flood simulations on the concerned river sector, a flooded area of 15.80 km has been revealed when applied the NDWI index, and a flooded area of 16.26 km when used the HEC-RAS hydraulic model. Following the field analysis, the values obtained with HEC-RAS are validated. The flooded area smaller by 0.46 km in the case of images Landsat 7-ETM+ could be explained by errors due to resolution or cloudiness.
本研究的目的是将HEC-RAS水力模型得到的洪水带与Landsat 7-ETM+卫星图像处理得到的NDWI指数进行比较。研究区位于罗马尼亚东北部Moldavian高原的Jijia河上游,受2010年7月的洪水影响,卫星图像很好地捕捉到了这一影响。在那次事件中,丁格尼水文站的鸡家河水位达到了579厘米,远远超过了洪水水位。通过对相关河段进行不同的洪水模拟,应用NDWI指数发现了15.80 km的淹没面积,使用HEC-RAS水力模型发现了16.26 km的淹没面积。在现场分析之后,验证了HEC-RAS获得的值。Landsat 7-ETM+图像的淹水面积小了0.46 km,这可以用分辨率或云层的误差来解释。
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引用次数: 1
ANTHROPOGENIC RELIEF TRANSFORMATION OF LAST GLACIAL AREA: CASE STUDY AT RYCHNOWO V (N POLAND) 末次冰期人为地形变化:以波兰rychnowo v为例
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.01
T. Kalicki, Mariusz ChrabÄ…szcz, Igor Maciszewski, PaweÅ‚ Przepióra
Abstract. The results of geoarchaeological and archaeological research at the Rychnowo V site are presented. The archaeological site is located on the moraine plateau between two subglacial tunnel valleys currently drained by the upper Drwęca and Grabiczek Rivers. Relief of the moraine plateau is varied by hollows on post-glacial depressions of varying size and degree of filling. These lakes were formed in the Late Glacial and were filled in the Holocene by organic and clastic deposits. At the archaeological site, several settlement phases have been identified related to the Lusatian (main phase) and Wielbark cultures, Early and Late Medieval and Modern periods. Not found in the site permanent or long-term settlement. The site should be considered as group of rather short-lived camps. The most numerous traces of Lusatian culture are not a single phase, but rather multiple returns to the same area at short intervals (the homogeneous ceramics). The activity of the people of Lusatian culture (connected not with cultivation but grazing) at the beginning of the Subatlantic led to slope erosion and soil fossilization in endorheic depression. The results of geoarchaeological and archaeological research at the Rychnowo V site are presented. The archaeological site is located on the moraine plateau between two subglacial tunnel valleys currently drained by the upper Drwęca and Grabiczek Rivers. Relief of the moraine plateau is varied by hollows on post-glacial depressions of varying size and degree of filling. These lakes were formed in the Late Glacial and were filled in the Holocene by organic and clastic deposits. At the archaeological site, several settlement phases have been identified related to the Lusatian (main phase) and Wielbark cultures, Early and Late Medieval and Modern periods. Not found in the site permanent or long-term settlement. The site should be considered as group of rather short-lived camps. The most numerous traces of Lusatian culture are not a single phase, but rather multiple returns to the same area at short intervals (the homogeneous ceramics). The activity of the people of Lusatian culture (connected not with cultivation but grazing) at the beginning of the Subatlantic led to slope erosion and soil fossilization in endorheic depression.
摘要本文介绍了在雷奇诺沃V遗址进行的地质考古和考古研究的结果。考古遗址位于两个冰下隧道山谷之间的冰碛高原上,目前由Drwęca河和Grabiczek河上游排水。冰碛高原的起伏随冰川后洼地上不同大小和充填程度的凹陷而变化。这些湖泊形成于晚冰期,并在全新世被有机和碎屑沉积物填满。在考古现场,已经确定了几个与lustian(主要阶段)和Wielbark文化有关的定居阶段,中世纪早期和晚期以及现代时期。遗址内未发现永久性或长期定居点。该地点应被视为一组相当短暂的营地。lustian文化的最大量的痕迹不是一个单一的阶段,而是在短时间间隔内多次返回到同一地区(同质陶瓷)。在亚大西洋开始时,卢萨田文化的人们的活动(不是与耕作有关,而是与放牧有关)导致了内河洼地的斜坡侵蚀和土壤石化。本文介绍了在雷奇诺沃V遗址进行的地质考古和考古研究的结果。考古遗址位于两个冰下隧道山谷之间的冰碛高原上,目前由Drwęca河和Grabiczek河上游排水。冰碛高原的起伏随冰川后洼地上不同大小和充填程度的凹陷而变化。这些湖泊形成于晚冰期,并在全新世被有机和碎屑沉积物填满。在考古现场,已经确定了几个与lustian(主要阶段)和Wielbark文化有关的定居阶段,中世纪早期和晚期以及现代时期。遗址内未发现永久性或长期定居点。该地点应被视为一组相当短暂的营地。lustian文化的最大量的痕迹不是一个单一的阶段,而是在短时间间隔内多次返回到同一地区(同质陶瓷)。在亚大西洋开始时,卢萨田文化的人们的活动(不是与耕作有关,而是与放牧有关)导致了内河洼地的斜坡侵蚀和土壤石化。
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引用次数: 0
MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AMPHIBOLES FROM CRETACEOUS HORNBLENDE GABBRO OF CENTRAL ANATOLIAN OPHIOLITES, DEVEDAMI/AKSARAY AREA, CENTRAL TURKEY 土耳其中部devedami / aksaray地区安纳托利亚中部蛇绿岩白垩系角闪石辉长岩角闪石矿物学特征
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.13
K. Kocak, Bilal Faruk Kayıhan
In Devedamı area, Central Anatolian Ophiolites (CAO) are represented by Late Cretaceous massive hornblende gabbroic rocks, which contain hornblende, plagioclase and clinopyroxene in a holocrystalline granular and rarely holocrystalline porphyric texture. Mineralogical analyses show that the brown-green amphiboles are magnesiohornblende in composition. Geothermobarometer calculation suggests that the amphibole was possibly crystallized from a water-rich magma (H2O melt: ~5.41 wt.%), with ∆NNO 1.57-2.34 and logfO2 (-13.59 -13) in ~2.5 km oceanic depth .
在devedamir地区,中安那托利亚蛇绿岩(CAO)以晚白垩世块状角闪石辉长岩为代表,含角闪石、斜长石和斜辉石,呈全晶粒状,很少有全晶斑岩结构。矿物学分析表明,黄绿色角闪石成分为镁角闪石。地温晴雨表计算表明,该角闪孔可能是由富水岩浆结晶而成(H2O熔体:~5.41 wt.%), δ NNO 1.57 ~ 2.34, logfO2(-13.59 ~ 13),水深~2.5 km。
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引用次数: 0
ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS GREATER THAN 10 MM IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE ROMANIAN PLAIN AND THEIR SYNOPTIC CAUSES 罗马尼亚平原中部大于10毫米的大气降水及其天气成因
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.19
Radu-Vlad Dobri, L. Apostol
Atmospheric precipitation is one of the most important features of the climate. The research of the territorial distribution of the precipitation amount has a considerable practical, applicative and theoretical interest. Thus, the study of all the extreme and complex conditions of formation and falling of precipitation in the central area of the Romanian plain is necessary for the use of water according to the distribution of the precipitation regime as well for the prevention and combating on their negative effects. These may have various causes: frontal rainfall in the case of Atlantic cyclones and Mediterranean cyclones on various tracks, and convective cells forming within the air masses or under the action of radiation cooling processes or by the development of thermal convection (clouds with vertical development). In this paper, we have analyzed the synoptic conditions that generate precipitation in the central part of the Romanian Plain. Thus, with the help of the ROCADA database, all the days between 1981-2013 time period that gathered more than 10 mm amount of precipitation were extracted. The data were chosen for an area delimited by 44°42’ and 43°37’ N, and 23°56’ and 26°35’ E coordinates, assigned to our study area. The days were analyzed from a synoptic point of view using the maps available in the Global Forecast System reanalysis, on the www.wetter3.de website. This brought about seven synoptic causes that generate precipitation, represented by the Atlantic cyclones, Mediterranean cyclones with a type I, II and IV track according to the Bordei-Ion classification [1], high altitude cut-off low cyclones and by the high atmospheric instability periods represented by the long-wave troughs and also by the warm air advection in a high pressure atmospheric condition.
大气降水是气候最重要的特征之一。研究降水量的地域分布具有重要的现实意义、应用价值和理论价值。因此,研究罗马尼亚平原中部地区降水形成和下降的所有极端和复杂条件是必要的,以便根据降水制度的分布使用水,并防止和消除其负面影响。这些可能有多种原因:在不同路径上的大西洋气旋和地中海气旋的锋面降雨,以及在气团内或在辐射冷却过程的作用下或由于热对流(垂直发展的云)的发展而形成的对流细胞。在本文中,我们分析了罗马尼亚平原中部产生降水的天气条件。因此,在ROCADA数据库的帮助下,提取1981-2013年期间降水大于10mm的所有日数。数据选自北纬44°42′和43°37′,东经23°56′和26°35′所划分的区域,分配给我们的研究区域。这些天是从天气的角度分析的,使用了www.wetter3.de网站上全球预报系统重新分析中提供的地图。这就产生了7个产生降水的天气原因,分别为大西洋气旋、根据波德-离子分类[1]具有I、II和IV型路径的地中海气旋、高空截断低气旋以及以长波槽和高压大气条件下的暖空气平流为代表的高大气不稳定期。
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引用次数: 1
GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE AT KRAKÓW-STRADOM (SOUTHERN POLAND) 波兰南部krakÓw-stradom”考古遗址的地质背景
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.04
T. Kalicki, Marcin FrÄ…czek, RadosÅ‚aw Czerniak
The Vistula flood plain has a very complicated structure both in horizontal and vertical layout. This applies to both the facies' formation of the sediments and their stratigraphy. Within the site, two areas with distinctly different types of sediments can be distinguished (Fig. 6). The first refers to the extensive zone of sandy-gravel channel sediments from Late Glacial in the lower part and Subatlantic in the upper part. The second area includes the oxbow lake sequences. The Early Atlantic series, both the channel and the oxbow lake sequences of „Old Vistula”. The study confirmed the position suggested by Bąkowski [11], that the „Old Vistula" has been excavated, taking into account previous morphology. It was probably a lowering of the Early Atlantic abandoned channel.
维斯瓦洪泛平原无论在水平上还是垂直上都具有非常复杂的构造。这适用于沉积物的相形成及其地层学。在场地内,可以区分出两个沉积物类型明显不同的区域(图6)。第一个区域为下部为晚冰期砂砾石河道沉积物广泛带,上部为亚大西洋沉积物广泛带。第二个区域包括牛轭湖层序。早期大西洋系列,包括水道和“老维斯瓦”的牛轭湖系列。该研究证实了Bąkowski[11]提出的位置,即“旧维斯瓦”已经被挖掘出来,考虑到以前的形态。这可能是早期大西洋废弃航道的下沉。
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引用次数: 0
RESTORING THE DANUBE FLOODPLAIN ECOSYSTEM BETWEEN OLTENIÈšA – CÄ‚LÄ‚RAȘI BY ENHAVING THE LATERAL CONNECTIVITY 通过加强横向连通性,恢复olteniÈša <e:2> - cÄ, lÄ, raÈ ~ i之间的多瑙河洪泛平原生态系统
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.66
M. Popa, D. Diaconu
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引用次数: 0
FUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SETTLEMENTS - THEORY AND REALITY 聚落的功能开发——理论与现实
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.38
Mirjanka Madjevikj, Biljana Apostolovska Toshevska, Marija Ljakoska
The subject of research in the paper are the settlements and their functional development, which is the basis for the sustainability in a demographic, economic and social sense. The functional development is conditioned by several factors, such as physicalgeographical, social, economic and political, and is manifested by the presence of various economic and non-economic activities. The intensive changes in the human activities and needs are reflected in the functional characteristics and functional differentiation of the settlements, their role in the administrative-territorial organization, their place in the hierarchy of settlements, the gravitational power of the settlement and the extent of their sphere of impact. The functional development of the settlements is a potential for pulsating the development of micro, meso and macro levels and for balanced spatial, demographic, economic and regional development. The disproportion in the functional structure is a serious problem that complicates the network of settlements and affects their overall sustainability. The emphasis is placed on some of the factors that are a prerequisite for the functional structure of the settlements in Republic of Macedonia, such as the number of population, administrative-territorial organization, geographical characteristics of the area, etc.
本文的研究主题是住区及其功能发展,住区是人口、经济和社会可持续发展的基础。功能发展受自然地理、社会、经济、政治等多种因素的制约,表现为各种经济和非经济活动的存在。人类活动和需求的剧烈变化反映在聚落的功能特征和功能分化、在行政领土组织中的作用、在聚落层级中的地位、聚落的引力和影响范围等方面。住区的功能发展是推动微观、中观和宏观发展以及平衡空间、人口、经济和区域发展的潜力。功能结构失衡是一个严重的问题,它使住区网络复杂化并影响其整体可持续性。重点放在作为马其顿共和国境内住区功能结构的先决条件的一些因素上,例如人口数量、行政领土组织、该地区的地理特征等。
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引用次数: 2
POLITICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL DETERMINANTS OF CONTEMPORARY GEODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS TO TERRITORIAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION 波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那当代地理人口特征的政治-地理决定因素,特别强调领土人口分布
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.34
Igor ZekanoviÄ
Complex political and geographical circumstances in geopolitical space of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the nineties of the last century, led to the entity division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, according to the criteria of the ethnic majority (Republic of Srpska) and bipolar ethno-geographic structure (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina). When accessing the issue, we start from the premise that contemporary demographic characteristics and processes in B&H have a political-geographical dimension. Mutual conditionality and interaction of political-geographical processes and demographic characteristics condition the sustainability of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a complex geopolitical unit, which is ultimately based on specific ethno-demographic formula 1+2+3, or more precisely, one country, two entities and three constituent people and religions. The subject of research in this paper will be essentially based on a comparative analysis of the Census in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1991 and 2013 and identification of demographic changes in territorial deployment and ethnic structure of the population. The purpose of this paper is to indicate that the political-geographical processes, military conflicts, specific consequences and recurrence of the war period in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the nineties of the last century had a decisive influence on the contemporary spatial distribution and ethnic composition of the population. The paper is planned to be realized by general, as well as special methods of geographical research and data processing techniques (statistical, cartographic, graphical, GIS analysis), which are consistent with research of influence of political-geographical processes to contemporary geodemographic characteristics of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
在上世纪九十年代,波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那地缘政治空间中复杂的政治和地理环境导致了波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那按照多数民族(斯普斯卡共和国)和两极民族-地理结构(波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那联邦)的标准在实体上的分裂。在访问这个问题时,我们从B&H的当代人口特征和过程具有政治-地理维度的前提开始。政治-地理进程和人口特征的相互制约和相互作用决定了波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那作为一个复杂的地缘政治单位的可持续性,它最终基于具体的民族-人口公式1+2+3,或更准确地说,一个国家、两个实体和三个组成民族和宗教。本文的研究主题将主要基于1991年和2013年波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那人口普查的比较分析,并确定领土部署和人口种族结构的人口变化。本文的目的是指出,上世纪九十年代波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那的政治-地理进程、军事冲突、具体后果和战争时期的重演对人口的当代空间分布和种族构成产生了决定性影响。本论文计划通过一般和特殊的地理研究方法和数据处理技术(统计、制图、图形、地理信息系统分析)来实现,这与研究政治地理过程对波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那当代地理人口特征的影响是一致的。
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引用次数: 0
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC PRESSURE ON FOREST RESOURCES. CASE STUDY: APUSENI MOUNTAINS 评估森林资源经济压力的方法方法。案例研究:阿普塞尼山脉
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.62
A. Simion, Marian Marin, I. Nedelcu, M. Popa, D. Peptenatu
Assessing the economic pressure on the forest fund is one of the greatest challenges for the scientific world due to the dynamics of the phenomenon and the difficulties in obtaining relevant data and in an optimal time. For this study, we wanted to analyze, compare and aggregate two sets of post-processed images from two different sources, such as CORINE Land Cover (with complementary datasets) and Global Forest Change, to get a more accurate and relevant result. For this we processed the post-processed images from both sources, then merged the information of the two sets of data by keeping the temporary resolution from Global Forest Change and taking quality information like the type of vegetation from CORINE Land Cover. The data set obtained was corrected and then processed. The results obtained have highlighted the limitations of each data source, temporal limitation and lack of information on forest type in the case of Global Forest Change and the methodological differences in data collection and lower temporal frequency within the CORINE Land Cover. Thus, in order to obtain more precise results on the dynamics of forestry in a region within the European Union using free / available online data sources, it is necessary to merge such data sets.
评估森林基金面临的经济压力是科学界面临的最大挑战之一,因为这一现象是动态的,而且很难在最佳时间获得相关数据。在这项研究中,我们希望分析、比较和汇总来自两个不同来源的两组后处理图像,如CORINE土地覆盖(具有互补数据集)和全球森林变化,以获得更准确和相关的结果。为此,我们对两个来源的后处理图像进行处理,然后通过保留Global Forest Change的临时分辨率和提取CORINE Land Cover的植被类型等质量信息,将两组数据的信息合并。对得到的数据集进行校正,然后进行处理。所获得的结果突出了每个数据源的局限性,全球森林变化的时间限制和缺乏关于森林类型的信息,以及在数据收集方面的方法差异和CORINE土地覆盖范围内较低的时间频率。因此,为了利用免费/可获得的联机数据来源获得关于欧洲联盟内某一区域林业动态的更精确结果,有必要合并这些数据集。
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引用次数: 0
CONTEMPORARY CLIMATE CHANGES AS A FACTOR FOR CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST-STEPPE LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT (IN THE KURSK REGION TAKEN AS AN EXAMPLE) 当代气候变化是俄罗斯中部森林草原景观发展的一个因素(以库尔斯克地区为例)
Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.18509/gbp.2019.18
O. P. Lukashova, M. Bogatyreva, Elena Sergeevna Dmitrova, Irina Yuryevna Soshnikova
The main common factors of space-time allocation of the main meteorological parameters and estimate climate indicators characterizing hydrothermal regime at the territory of the Kursk Region have been reviewed in the investigation. The maps of climatic territory zoning in the Region have been worked out basing on dynamics of climatic characteristics indicators. The investigation methods have had a complex character: analysis of scientific and reference books, examination and estimation of climatic parameters in the field conditions: cartographic, mathematic and statistic methods have been used to process and present the obtained materials.
在调查中总结了库尔斯克地区热液状态主要气象参数时空分布的主要共同因素和估计气候指标。根据气候特征指标的动态变化,编制了该区气候疆域区划图。调查方法具有复杂的特点:分析科学和参考书,检查和估计野外条件下的气候参数;利用制图、数学和统计方法处理和呈现所获得的材料。
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引用次数: 0
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BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2019
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