Subsequent time, after declaration of COVID-19 pandemic, witnessed variable changes in various aspects due to COVID circumstances around the globe. We report and reflect here over the observation regarding substance use and use disorder scenario in initial COVID year 2020 in reference to 2019 (year preceding COVID-19 pandemic). It is an observation in psychiatry in-patient service of a teaching hospital of eastern Nepal. There were 420 (284 male, 136 female) and 279 (194 male and 85 female) admissions in 2019 and 2020 respectively. The most striking and significant change was seen for Nicotine, both overall and use disorder-wise. Over all, the proportion increased for Nicotine (34.05 to 48.03%) and Cannabis (16.67 to 17.92%) whereas decreased for Alcohol (38.33 to 31.18%), Opiote (7.62 to 6.81%), Benzodiazepine (6.43 to 5.73%) and other substance (0.71% to nil) among the in-patients in 2020. Categorically, both the Use and Dependence syndrome (ICD-10) increased for Nicotine (8.81 to 21.86%% and 25.24 to 26.17%) and Cannabis (10.71 to 11.47% and 5.72 to 6.45%). Proportion of Alcohol use and Harmful use decreased whereas Alcohol dependence increased, Opiote use increased whereas Harmful use and Dependence decreased, Benzodiazepine use and Dependence decreased and other substances decreased too. The observation shows various changes in the pattern of substance among the psychiatry in-patients which indicates the need for some strategic and policy changes to tackle this pandemic situation.
{"title":"Psychiatry In-patient Substance Profile Changes in COVID year 2020 from 2019 in a Teaching hospital of Eastern Nepal","authors":"Dhana Ratna Shakya","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/141","url":null,"abstract":"Subsequent time, after declaration of COVID-19 pandemic, witnessed variable changes in various aspects due to COVID circumstances around the globe. We report and reflect here over the observation regarding substance use and use disorder scenario in initial COVID year 2020 in reference to 2019 (year preceding COVID-19 pandemic). It is an observation in psychiatry in-patient service of a teaching hospital of eastern Nepal. There were 420 (284 male, 136 female) and 279 (194 male and 85 female) admissions in 2019 and 2020 respectively. The most striking and significant change was seen for Nicotine, both overall and use disorder-wise. Over all, the proportion increased for Nicotine (34.05 to 48.03%) and Cannabis (16.67 to 17.92%) whereas decreased for Alcohol (38.33 to 31.18%), Opiote (7.62 to 6.81%), Benzodiazepine (6.43 to 5.73%) and other substance (0.71% to nil) among the in-patients in 2020. Categorically, both the Use and Dependence syndrome (ICD-10) increased for Nicotine (8.81 to 21.86%% and 25.24 to 26.17%) and Cannabis (10.71 to 11.47% and 5.72 to 6.45%). Proportion of Alcohol use and Harmful use decreased whereas Alcohol dependence increased, Opiote use increased whereas Harmful use and Dependence decreased, Benzodiazepine use and Dependence decreased and other substances decreased too. The observation shows various changes in the pattern of substance among the psychiatry in-patients which indicates the need for some strategic and policy changes to tackle this pandemic situation.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41675075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adopted children and their families have unique needs compared to non-adoptive families. Adoption research seeks to understand these unique needs and contribute to a growing field of adoption competent therapy. The purpose of this paper is to understand how adoption competent group therapy can benefit adoptive families, and provides analysis on secondary data collected in 2019 from pre and post measures for a weekly support group from post adoption program. The research included 8 participants who were adoptive parents of adolescent girls, and included quantitative and qualitative data about how parents and their children responded to the program. The questions covered a variety of topics regarding the child, adoptive parents, and the parent- child relationship as a while. The results showed that from a quantitative standpoint, minimal improvements were made after the group, but the qualitative data showed that the group provided numerous benefits for adoptive parents.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Group Therapy in Supporting Adoptive Families","authors":"Shanika Lavi Wilson, K. DeGree, C. Solomon","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/122","url":null,"abstract":"Adopted children and their families have unique needs compared to non-adoptive families. Adoption research seeks to understand these unique needs and contribute to a growing field of adoption competent therapy. The purpose of this paper is to understand how adoption competent group therapy can benefit adoptive families, and provides analysis on secondary data collected in 2019 from pre and post measures for a weekly support group from post adoption program. The research included 8 participants who were adoptive parents of adolescent girls, and included quantitative and qualitative data about how parents and their children responded to the program. The questions covered a variety of topics regarding the child, adoptive parents, and the parent- child relationship as a while. The results showed that from a quantitative standpoint, minimal improvements were made after the group, but the qualitative data showed that the group provided numerous benefits for adoptive parents.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44516853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanika Lavi Wilson, Shaquila O’Shay Massey, Debriana Smith, C. Solomon
Colorism has been a historical racial dilemma for the African American community since slavery. Colorism can be defined as a form of bias, based upon different aspects of physical appearance including skin color, facial features, and hair that favors the facial appearance of Caucasian white Americans (Beopple, 2015). Over the last 10 years quantitative and qualitative data has been gathered to study the effect of colorism on the African American community with a specific focus on the psychological well-being of this population. A survey was conducted to evaluate the effects of colorism on African American women and their self-esteem and self-perception. A total of 25(N=25) surveys were gathered of women, ages 18-50, who all identified as black, African American or a person of color. The analyzed research results concluded that colorism, although has negatively impacted many participants, has not lowered or altered their self esteem or self perception.
{"title":"The Effects of Colorism on Self Perception and Self-Esteem","authors":"Shanika Lavi Wilson, Shaquila O’Shay Massey, Debriana Smith, C. Solomon","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/120","url":null,"abstract":"Colorism has been a historical racial dilemma for the African American community since slavery. Colorism can be defined as a form of bias, based upon different aspects of physical appearance including skin color, facial features, and hair that favors the facial appearance of Caucasian white Americans (Beopple, 2015). Over the last 10 years quantitative and qualitative data has been gathered to study the effect of colorism on the African American community with a specific focus on the psychological well-being of this population. A survey was conducted to evaluate the effects of colorism on African American women and their self-esteem and self-perception. A total of 25(N=25) surveys were gathered of women, ages 18-50, who all identified as black, African American or a person of color. The analyzed research results concluded that colorism, although has negatively impacted many participants, has not lowered or altered their self esteem or self perception.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43003537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intimate relationships are not just between lovers, but is also present in parenting as well as the individual’s relationship with the larger family and kin. This article sheds light on those who underwent abuse and have consequently been marked for life and in many areas of their personhood, their ability to relate, and to intimately connect with others.
{"title":"Abused Children and their Relationships as Adults","authors":"A. Rokach, Karalyn MacFarlane","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/144","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate relationships are not just between lovers, but is also present in parenting as well as the individual’s relationship with the larger family and kin. This article sheds light on those who underwent abuse and have consequently been marked for life and in many areas of their personhood, their ability to relate, and to intimately connect with others.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44376568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: We studied cariprazine in therapy of delusions with a therapeutic resistance due to traumatic brain injury randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study manner. Methods: to traumatic brain injury hundred patients (100 all men) whom we studied were under observation in Mental Health Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Azerbaijan from January 2020 to June 2021. The method of randomization was given by lottery. Each patient was randomized to receive either in agreement of the instruction cariprazine (50 patients) over 5 day in dose 6 mg one times per os in morning after meet for 6 weeks or matched placebo (50 patients) in a double-blind manner. A structured clinical interview, for DSM-5Axis I Disorder, Patient Edition, was used to diagnose according to DSM-5 major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to traumatic brain injury. Result: All patients (50) treated with cariprazine treated participants responded by 6 weeks, versus two of the 50 placebo-treated participants (p<0.001). The most common and problematic side effect in the cariprazine group was not. Conclusion: The authors believe this to be the first double-blind placebo-controlled randomization study to test the efficacy of a cariprazine in the management of in therapy of delusions with a therapeutic resistance due to traumatic brain injury randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study manner. They need to be replicated in a larger study group.
{"title":"Cariprazine in Therapy of Delusions with a Therapeutic Resistance due to Traumatic Brain Injury Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study","authors":"N. Aliyev, Z. Aliyev","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/143","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We studied cariprazine in therapy of delusions with a therapeutic resistance due to traumatic brain injury randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study manner. Methods: to traumatic brain injury hundred patients (100 all men) whom we studied were under observation in Mental Health Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Azerbaijan from January 2020 to June 2021. The method of randomization was given by lottery. Each patient was randomized to receive either in agreement of the instruction cariprazine (50 patients) over 5 day in dose 6 mg one times per os in morning after meet for 6 weeks or matched placebo (50 patients) in a double-blind manner. A structured clinical interview, for DSM-5Axis I Disorder, Patient Edition, was used to diagnose according to DSM-5 major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to traumatic brain injury. Result: All patients (50) treated with cariprazine treated participants responded by 6 weeks, versus two of the 50 placebo-treated participants (p<0.001). The most common and problematic side effect in the cariprazine group was not. Conclusion: The authors believe this to be the first double-blind placebo-controlled randomization study to test the efficacy of a cariprazine in the management of in therapy of delusions with a therapeutic resistance due to traumatic brain injury randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study manner. They need to be replicated in a larger study group.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49610889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of the current study was to improve the understanding of emotions evoked by food pictures in women with an eating disorder (ED), by distinguishing anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) diagnoses, while taking into account the caloric content of food and the influence of participants’ nutritional knowledge. Methods: Thirteen AN, 9 BN and 22 healthy controls (HC) women participated in the study. In a laboratory setting, participants first completed self-report questionnaires regarding their affective state. Then, an emotional rating task of food and non-food pictures was performed in order to examine participants’ emotional reactions to these pictures, depending on the caloric value of the food depicted and controlling for internal state. Finally, an energy density ranking task of food pictures was completed to investigate participants’ nutritional knowledge and its influence on their reactions to food. Results: Compared to HC, ED participants experienced more fear towards food, which was neither due to their internal state nor to their nutritional knowledge. In AN, fear occurred towards all food, whereas in BN, fear was observed for high-calorie products only. Conclusion: The key role of food-induced fear in ED was highlighted, particularly in AN.
{"title":"Emotional Responses to Food Pictures according to Caloric Value in Women with an Eating Disorder","authors":"C. Gagnon, S. Grondin, M. Côté, M. Labonté","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/140","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the current study was to improve the understanding of emotions evoked by food pictures in women with an eating disorder (ED), by distinguishing anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) diagnoses, while taking into account the caloric content of food and the influence of participants’ nutritional knowledge. Methods: Thirteen AN, 9 BN and 22 healthy controls (HC) women participated in the study. In a laboratory setting, participants first completed self-report questionnaires regarding their affective state. Then, an emotional rating task of food and non-food pictures was performed in order to examine participants’ emotional reactions to these pictures, depending on the caloric value of the food depicted and controlling for internal state. Finally, an energy density ranking task of food pictures was completed to investigate participants’ nutritional knowledge and its influence on their reactions to food. Results: Compared to HC, ED participants experienced more fear towards food, which was neither due to their internal state nor to their nutritional knowledge. In AN, fear occurred towards all food, whereas in BN, fear was observed for high-calorie products only. Conclusion: The key role of food-induced fear in ED was highlighted, particularly in AN.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44075471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary metabolic disorder having protean manifestations. It usually presents with short duration of gastrointestinal symptoms followed by rapidly progressive fulminant neurological syndrome. It is a neurological emergency and mimics many other psychiatric and medical disorders and can be fatal if it remains undiagnosed and untreated. Further, specific treatment in the form of Heme arginate is not universally available and very costly, so high clinical suspicion and early diagnosis and management of acute attack and prevention of further attacks are very important. Here, we report a 23 years old married female nurse presenting with recurrent acute abdomen requiring frequent hospital admissions along with convulsion during her last attack. The presence of porphyrins in urine confirms the diagnosis of AIP.
{"title":"A Case of Recurrent Acute Abdomen in a Young Lady Masquerading as Somatoform Disorder","authors":"R. Gomes","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/126","url":null,"abstract":"Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary metabolic disorder having protean manifestations. It usually presents with short duration of gastrointestinal symptoms followed by rapidly progressive fulminant neurological syndrome. It is a neurological emergency and mimics many other psychiatric and medical disorders and can be fatal if it remains undiagnosed and untreated. Further, specific treatment in the form of Heme arginate is not universally available and very costly, so high clinical suspicion and early diagnosis and management of acute attack and prevention of further attacks are very important. Here, we report a 23 years old married female nurse presenting with recurrent acute abdomen requiring frequent hospital admissions along with convulsion during her last attack. The presence of porphyrins in urine confirms the diagnosis of AIP.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42761798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted with the assumption that there would be a significant and negative relationship between Coronavirus Anxiety (CVA) and Psychological Well-Being (PWB). However, the findings did not meet our assumption because one of the components of PWB named “purposefulness-in-life” had a strong and positive correlation with CVA, meaning that those participants with a strong goal orientation would experience higher level of CVA. To our knowledge, this finding could be considerable in the new situation of COVID-19 pandemic. In the following analysis, the moderation effects of age and gender on the relationship between CVA and purposefulness-in-life were found significant.
{"title":"Who Experience Higher Level of Anxiety During COVID-19 Outbreak?","authors":"A. Zadeh","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/093","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted with the assumption that there would be a significant and negative relationship between Coronavirus Anxiety (CVA) and Psychological Well-Being (PWB). However, the findings did not meet our assumption because one of the components of PWB named “purposefulness-in-life” had a strong and positive correlation with CVA, meaning that those participants with a strong goal orientation would experience higher level of CVA. To our knowledge, this finding could be considerable in the new situation of COVID-19 pandemic. In the following analysis, the moderation effects of age and gender on the relationship between CVA and purposefulness-in-life were found significant.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43411311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teachers have a fundamental role in transforming the school’s environment into a context of well-being and in promoting young people’s mental health. The main goal of ES´COOL training is to promote adolescents’ mental health by empowering teachers and school staff with skills that will enable them to build a balanced school environment. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact that teacher training in the area of mental health had on their skills and knowledge regarding mental health. The sample was constituted by 276 teachers who work in schools in Portuguese mainland and participated in the ES’COOL training. Two evaluation moments were carried out, the initial evaluation - one week before the beginning of the training, and the final evaluation - one week after the end of the training. Results show that teachers improved most of the assessed skills and knowledge after training. Problem-solving, motivation and leadership were the skills that increased the most after the training.
{"title":"Teachers’ Training: Impact on Mental Health, Knowledge and Skills","authors":"G. Tomé","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/101","url":null,"abstract":"Teachers have a fundamental role in transforming the school’s environment into a context of well-being and in promoting young people’s mental health. The main goal of ES´COOL training is to promote adolescents’ mental health by empowering teachers and school staff with skills that will enable them to build a balanced school environment. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact that teacher training in the area of mental health had on their skills and knowledge regarding mental health. The sample was constituted by 276 teachers who work in schools in Portuguese mainland and participated in the ES’COOL training. Two evaluation moments were carried out, the initial evaluation - one week before the beginning of the training, and the final evaluation - one week after the end of the training. Results show that teachers improved most of the assessed skills and knowledge after training. Problem-solving, motivation and leadership were the skills that increased the most after the training.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45723471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This brief review of medical child abuse and treatment approaches is meant to highlight a problem which gains in frequency lately. That of a parent, usually, who is expected to love and care for the child actually harming that child in ways that may result in many medical examinations, painful invasive procedures, and even unnecessary surgeries.
{"title":"Medical Child Abuse: When Parents Harm Their Children","authors":"A. Rokach","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/102","url":null,"abstract":"This brief review of medical child abuse and treatment approaches is meant to highlight a problem which gains in frequency lately. That of a parent, usually, who is expected to love and care for the child actually harming that child in ways that may result in many medical examinations, painful invasive procedures, and even unnecessary surgeries.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42378496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：