Chunyang Zhang, Mingyue Du, Saiya Liu, Wenjia Gu, Yitao Si, Xiaojing Ma, Maochang Liu
NiFe-based materials are promising, non-precious alternatives to noble metal catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. However, their tendency for dynamic surface reconstruction and high oxygen evolution reaction barriers, which arise from challenges in modulating electronic structures, present significant obstacles. Here, using first-principles calculations, we investigate how surface ion modification tunes the electronic structure, particularly by modulating surface electrostatic potential and thereby shifting the d-band center of NiFe alloys to enhance oxygen evolution reaction performance. We reveal that a high d-band center initially drives strong O/OH adsorption and reconstruction, while subsequent O/OH coverage inversely optimizes intermediate adsorption via non-monotonic d-band center shifts caused by competing electron depletion and electrostatic potential renormalization effects. This electronic modulation mechanism is universally validated across diverse ionic systems, confirming the high sensitivity of d-band centers to localized surface atomic configurations. This work elucidates the electronic mechanism of ion modification for precise OER activity control through d-band engineering, establishing a theoretical framework for designing highperformance non-precious metal catalysts.
{"title":"Electrostatic potential-tuned d-band center for enhanced oxygen evolution of NiFe-based catalysts","authors":"Chunyang Zhang, Mingyue Du, Saiya Liu, Wenjia Gu, Yitao Si, Xiaojing Ma, Maochang Liu","doi":"10.1039/d6nr00128a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr00128a","url":null,"abstract":"NiFe-based materials are promising, non-precious alternatives to noble metal catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. However, their tendency for dynamic surface reconstruction and high oxygen evolution reaction barriers, which arise from challenges in modulating electronic structures, present significant obstacles. Here, using first-principles calculations, we investigate how surface ion modification tunes the electronic structure, particularly by modulating surface electrostatic potential and thereby shifting the d-band center of NiFe alloys to enhance oxygen evolution reaction performance. We reveal that a high d-band center initially drives strong O/OH adsorption and reconstruction, while subsequent O/OH coverage inversely optimizes intermediate adsorption via non-monotonic d-band center shifts caused by competing electron depletion and electrostatic potential renormalization effects. This electronic modulation mechanism is universally validated across diverse ionic systems, confirming the high sensitivity of d-band centers to localized surface atomic configurations. This work elucidates the electronic mechanism of ion modification for precise OER activity control through d-band engineering, establishing a theoretical framework for designing highperformance non-precious metal catalysts.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147490169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review provides a concise summary of the growing interest in carbon quantum dots (CQDs)-polymer composites, highlighting their synergistic properties and emphasising emerging applications & recent advancements. The combination of nanoscale CQDs inside the polymer matrix creates a unique array of properties, including tunable photoluminescence, biocompatibility, electrical properties, etc. Owing to tunable properties and advancements in the CQD-polymer composite field attracts the attention of many researchers and scientists to explore further. In this report, the efforts have been streamlined and directed to collate various sustainable synthesis methodologies of CQDs, and techniques to impregnate the CQDs inside a polymer matrix. Also, it has been summarised that conventional and emerging applications exploring enormous possibilities to generate applications across critical fields such as sensing, energy conversion, energy storage, biomedical field, environmental remediation and many more. The discussion also emphasises current challenges and outlines future research directions for these promising material combinations.
{"title":"Recent Advancement of Carbon Quantum Dots and Polymer Composites: Emerging Applications and Future Perspectives","authors":"Mrigendra Dubey, Bishnupada Sahu, Vaishali Yadav","doi":"10.1039/d6nr00020g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr00020g","url":null,"abstract":"This review provides a concise summary of the growing interest in carbon quantum dots (CQDs)-polymer composites, highlighting their synergistic properties and emphasising emerging applications & recent advancements. The combination of nanoscale CQDs inside the polymer matrix creates a unique array of properties, including tunable photoluminescence, biocompatibility, electrical properties, etc. Owing to tunable properties and advancements in the CQD-polymer composite field attracts the attention of many researchers and scientists to explore further. In this report, the efforts have been streamlined and directed to collate various sustainable synthesis methodologies of CQDs, and techniques to impregnate the CQDs inside a polymer matrix. Also, it has been summarised that conventional and emerging applications exploring enormous possibilities to generate applications across critical fields such as sensing, energy conversion, energy storage, biomedical field, environmental remediation and many more. The discussion also emphasises current challenges and outlines future research directions for these promising material combinations.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147490163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Wang, Shixian Xin, Keyi Yang, yunyang wang, Han Xie, Fuhao Yao, Linghao Liu, Jinlei Yang, Yaping Feng
Charge inversion (overscreening), a counterintuitive electrokinetic phenomenon, provides a pivotal pathway for manipulating ion selectivity in nanofluidic systems. Here, we show that this effect can be realized in a covalent organic framework (COF) membrane modulated solely by monovalent cations, enabling a reversible switch from cation to anion selectivity. Our findings indicate that the inversion behavior stems from a notably high saturated ion adsorption capacity that may be facilitated by synergistic pore-pore interactions at ultrahigh pore density, along with nanoconfined steric hindrance within the COF pores.
{"title":"Highly efficient charge inversion in dense periodic nanoporous framework membranes","authors":"Yan Wang, Shixian Xin, Keyi Yang, yunyang wang, Han Xie, Fuhao Yao, Linghao Liu, Jinlei Yang, Yaping Feng","doi":"10.1039/d6nr00034g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr00034g","url":null,"abstract":"Charge inversion (overscreening), a counterintuitive electrokinetic phenomenon, provides a pivotal pathway for manipulating ion selectivity in nanofluidic systems. Here, we show that this effect can be realized in a covalent organic framework (COF) membrane modulated solely by monovalent cations, enabling a reversible switch from cation to anion selectivity. Our findings indicate that the inversion behavior stems from a notably high saturated ion adsorption capacity that may be facilitated by synergistic pore-pore interactions at ultrahigh pore density, along with nanoconfined steric hindrance within the COF pores.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rational design of cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions remains a key bottleneck in advancing sustainable energy technologies.Using comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we systematically elucidate how strain-induced structural perturbations govern the intrinsic activity of singleatom catalysts (SACs). Our results reveal that although the local coordination environment (e.g., pyridinic N vs. pyrrolic N) plays a primary role in determining activity, maximal bifunctional performance is achieved through precise control of metal-nitrogen ligand distances via applied directional strain. Free-energy landscape analysis identifies the formation of the OOH * intermediate as the common rate-determining step for both oxygen reduction and evolution, yielding an exceptionally low theoretical overpotential under optimal strain. Electronic-structure decomposition further shows that the strain-induced shift of the metal dorbital center fine-tunes the adsorption of oxygen intermediates relative to the Fermi level. This work establishes a quantitative, atomistic correlation linking strain, electronic structure, and catalytic turnover, providing a powerful strain-based descriptor for the rational design of nonprecious-metal electrocatalysts.
{"title":"Unveiling the Critical Role of Strain-Induced Local Structure Changes in Co-N4 Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions","authors":"Yewon Yang, Soyun Lee, Joonhee Kang","doi":"10.1039/d5nr04959h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr04959h","url":null,"abstract":"The rational design of cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions remains a key bottleneck in advancing sustainable energy technologies.Using comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we systematically elucidate how strain-induced structural perturbations govern the intrinsic activity of singleatom catalysts (SACs). Our results reveal that although the local coordination environment (e.g., pyridinic N vs. pyrrolic N) plays a primary role in determining activity, maximal bifunctional performance is achieved through precise control of metal-nitrogen ligand distances via applied directional strain. Free-energy landscape analysis identifies the formation of the OOH * intermediate as the common rate-determining step for both oxygen reduction and evolution, yielding an exceptionally low theoretical overpotential under optimal strain. Electronic-structure decomposition further shows that the strain-induced shift of the metal dorbital center fine-tunes the adsorption of oxygen intermediates relative to the Fermi level. This work establishes a quantitative, atomistic correlation linking strain, electronic structure, and catalytic turnover, providing a powerful strain-based descriptor for the rational design of nonprecious-metal electrocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giulia Frigerio, Edoardo Donadoni, Paulo Siani, Jacopo Vertemara, Stefano Motta, Laura Bonati, Luca De Gioia, Cristiana Di Valentin
Correction for ‘Mechanism of RGD-conjugated nanodevice binding to its target protein integrin αVβ3 by atomistic molecular dynamics and machine learning’ by Giulia Frigerio et al., Nanoscale, 2024, 16, 4063–4081, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR05123D.
{"title":"Correction: Mechanism of RGD-conjugated nanodevice binding to its target protein integrin αVβ3 by atomistic molecular dynamics and machine learning","authors":"Giulia Frigerio, Edoardo Donadoni, Paulo Siani, Jacopo Vertemara, Stefano Motta, Laura Bonati, Luca De Gioia, Cristiana Di Valentin","doi":"10.1039/d6nr90037b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr90037b","url":null,"abstract":"Correction for ‘Mechanism of RGD-conjugated nanodevice binding to its target protein integrin α<small><sub>V</sub></small>β<small><sub>3</sub></small> by atomistic molecular dynamics and machine learning’ by Giulia Frigerio <em>et al.</em>, <em>Nanoscale</em>, 2024, <strong>16</strong>, 4063–4081, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR05123D.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaelle Khalil, Marie-Sophie Dias-Fernandes, Sumi Bawari, Linghui Li, Chiddharth Muthuraj, Florent Ducrozet, Minkyoung Kwak, Miguel Comesana-Hermo, Andrea Zitolo, Stephan N. Steinmann, Shannon Boettcher, Cédric Tard, Benedikt Lassalle-Kaiser, Marion Giraud, Jennifer Peron
Efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts that reduce the use of noble metals and can be synthesized on a large scale are essential for advancing Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (AEMWE) toward commercialization. Herein, we present a composite catalyst where Ru nanoparticles coexist with Ru single-atom alloys (SAA) dispersed within Ni nanoparticles (Ru-SAA/Ni) creating a highly active HER electrocatalyst. Using a one-pot and scalable synthesis method, we can adjust the material composition from SAA (with ≤0.4 at.% Ru) to composite structures. Comprehensive characterization using XPS, XAS, and TEM confirms Ru-SAA formation at low Ru content and composite structures at higher content. Electrochemical evaluations conducted in a three-electrode setup reveal that Ru-SAA/Ni composites achieve HER performances on par with Pt/C. Computational insights suggest that the water dissociation is significantly faster at the Ru/Ni interface compared to extended surfaces. These active sites are also thermodynamically at least as active, thus avoiding excessive accumulation of reaction intermediates (H*, OH*). All these results highlight the synergistic interaction between Ru SAAs and Ru nanoparticles and their potential for large-scale applications with minimal use of precious metals. Finally, the materials are processed and tested into AEMWE and allow reaching 1.85 V at 0.5 A cm-2 with a total noble metal loading of only 0.1 mg cm-2.
{"title":"Synergistic Ruthenium Single-Atom and Nanoparticles in Nickel as Cooperative Catalysts for the Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction","authors":"Gaelle Khalil, Marie-Sophie Dias-Fernandes, Sumi Bawari, Linghui Li, Chiddharth Muthuraj, Florent Ducrozet, Minkyoung Kwak, Miguel Comesana-Hermo, Andrea Zitolo, Stephan N. Steinmann, Shannon Boettcher, Cédric Tard, Benedikt Lassalle-Kaiser, Marion Giraud, Jennifer Peron","doi":"10.1039/d6nr00391e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr00391e","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts that reduce the use of noble metals and can be synthesized on a large scale are essential for advancing Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (AEMWE) toward commercialization. Herein, we present a composite catalyst where Ru nanoparticles coexist with Ru single-atom alloys (SAA) dispersed within Ni nanoparticles (Ru-SAA/Ni) creating a highly active HER electrocatalyst. Using a one-pot and scalable synthesis method, we can adjust the material composition from SAA (with ≤0.4 at.% Ru) to composite structures. Comprehensive characterization using XPS, XAS, and TEM confirms Ru-SAA formation at low Ru content and composite structures at higher content. Electrochemical evaluations conducted in a three-electrode setup reveal that Ru-SAA/Ni composites achieve HER performances on par with Pt/C. Computational insights suggest that the water dissociation is significantly faster at the Ru/Ni interface compared to extended surfaces. These active sites are also thermodynamically at least as active, thus avoiding excessive accumulation of reaction intermediates (H*, OH*). All these results highlight the synergistic interaction between Ru SAAs and Ru nanoparticles and their potential for large-scale applications with minimal use of precious metals. Finally, the materials are processed and tested into AEMWE and allow reaching 1.85 V at 0.5 A cm-2 with a total noble metal loading of only 0.1 mg cm-2.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surface and Interface Functionalization of Graphene and Beyond: Strategies for Targeted Applications Abstract Graphene’s exceptional electrical, mechanical, and interfacial properties can be systematically tuned through chemical functionalization, enabling its integration into advanced technological systems. The structure, electrical behaviour, and surface chemistry of graphene are all altered by covalent, non-covalent, and hybrid functionalization techniques, which are all rigorously examined in this review. Non-covalent interactions maintain π-conjugation and allow reversible, selective interfaces, while covalent alterations provide stable, high-density functional groups but decrease carrier mobility through lattice disruption. These benefits are combined in hybrid techniques, which enhance stability, charge transfer, and conductivity retention. Performance improvements in sensors, energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and biomedical platforms are demonstrated by application-focused study; functionalized graphene provides increased sensitivity, larger capacitances, greater catalytic turnover, and biocompatible drug delivery. Scalability, chemical accuracy, stability, and sustainability are important obstacles. Green chemistry, and hierarchical hybrid architectures are examples of emerging ideas that have the potential to spur innovation. Structure-property design guidelines for upcoming functionalized graphene materials are provided in this review.
{"title":"Surface and Interface Functionalization of Graphene and Beyond: Strategies for Targeted Applications","authors":"Sharmi Ganguly, Joydip Sengupta, Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain","doi":"10.1039/d6nr00009f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr00009f","url":null,"abstract":"Surface and Interface Functionalization of Graphene and Beyond: Strategies for Targeted Applications Abstract Graphene’s exceptional electrical, mechanical, and interfacial properties can be systematically tuned through chemical functionalization, enabling its integration into advanced technological systems. The structure, electrical behaviour, and surface chemistry of graphene are all altered by covalent, non-covalent, and hybrid functionalization techniques, which are all rigorously examined in this review. Non-covalent interactions maintain π-conjugation and allow reversible, selective interfaces, while covalent alterations provide stable, high-density functional groups but decrease carrier mobility through lattice disruption. These benefits are combined in hybrid techniques, which enhance stability, charge transfer, and conductivity retention. Performance improvements in sensors, energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and biomedical platforms are demonstrated by application-focused study; functionalized graphene provides increased sensitivity, larger capacitances, greater catalytic turnover, and biocompatible drug delivery. Scalability, chemical accuracy, stability, and sustainability are important obstacles. Green chemistry, and hierarchical hybrid architectures are examples of emerging ideas that have the potential to spur innovation. Structure-property design guidelines for upcoming functionalized graphene materials are provided in this review.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Black phosphorus (BP), a layered van der Waals material with a direct bandgap and broad spectral tunability, offers new opportunities for developing advanced on-chip photonic architectures and operating mechanisms. In contrast to the widely studied in-plane strain tuning (typically requiring soft substrates), this work explores, through numerical simulation, out-of-plane strain as a means of spectral control compatible with rigid integrated platforms. We demonstrate that compressive out-of-plane strain reduces the bandgap of BP in proportion to the geometric compression in BP thickness, and thus, a -3.0% strain induces a synchronous redshift of over 100 nm in both the electroluminescence and the cavity resonance wavelengths. This cooperative tuning behavior is particularly significant for on-chip coherent emitters, enabling nearly constant output intensity across the entire tuning range. Moreover, this non-thermal tuning approach substantially alleviates thermal management challenges in highly integrated silicon photonic circuits.
{"title":"Out-of-Plane Strain Induced Non-Thermal Bandgap Tuning of Black Phosphorus On-Chip Devices","authors":"Xiaotong Yu, Yuxin Gao, Zizhou Xia, Xinwei Li, Zhiyuan Wang, Yuan Gao, Jean-Jacques Delaunay, Zhiyu WANG","doi":"10.1039/d5nr05023e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr05023e","url":null,"abstract":"Black phosphorus (BP), a layered van der Waals material with a direct bandgap and broad spectral tunability, offers new opportunities for developing advanced on-chip photonic architectures and operating mechanisms. In contrast to the widely studied in-plane strain tuning (typically requiring soft substrates), this work explores, through numerical simulation, out-of-plane strain as a means of spectral control compatible with rigid integrated platforms. We demonstrate that compressive out-of-plane strain reduces the bandgap of BP in proportion to the geometric compression in BP thickness, and thus, a -3.0% strain induces a synchronous redshift of over 100 nm in both the electroluminescence and the cavity resonance wavelengths. This cooperative tuning behavior is particularly significant for on-chip coherent emitters, enabling nearly constant output intensity across the entire tuning range. Moreover, this non-thermal tuning approach substantially alleviates thermal management challenges in highly integrated silicon photonic circuits.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaotong Liang, Jiabin Jing, Jiapeng Wang, Haijia Wang, Wenxuan Du, Zhenjie Ding, Yuelei Gu, Chengzhen Sun
The advancement of nanotechnology has significantly facilitated the development of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) reverse osmosis membranes for water desalination. Nevertheless, there are still several issues, including nanomaterial aggregation and low compatibility, that prevent the membrane's performance from reaching the desired level. In this study, graphitic carbon nitride modified with natural tannic acid (TA) macromolecules was adopted as a novel hydrophilic modifier for TFN membranes. The incorporation of this modifier significantly increased hydrophilicity of the active layer to improve the water permeation ability and formed covalent bonding between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of TA and unreacted acyl chloride groups during interfacial polymerization to enhance nanofiller compatibility with the PA matrix. Consequently, the water permeance of the TFN membrane attained 2.49 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹∙bar⁻¹, which was 2.2-fold higher compared to unmodified PA membranes (1.13 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹∙bar⁻¹), while a high NaCl rejection rate of 96.1% was maintained.
{"title":"Enhancing Reverse Osmosis Desalination Performance of Thin-film Nanocomposite Membranes by Incorporating Tannic Acid-Modified Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets","authors":"Shaotong Liang, Jiabin Jing, Jiapeng Wang, Haijia Wang, Wenxuan Du, Zhenjie Ding, Yuelei Gu, Chengzhen Sun","doi":"10.1039/d5nr05418d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr05418d","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of nanotechnology has significantly facilitated the development of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) reverse osmosis membranes for water desalination. Nevertheless, there are still several issues, including nanomaterial aggregation and low compatibility, that prevent the membrane's performance from reaching the desired level. In this study, graphitic carbon nitride modified with natural tannic acid (TA) macromolecules was adopted as a novel hydrophilic modifier for TFN membranes. The incorporation of this modifier significantly increased hydrophilicity of the active layer to improve the water permeation ability and formed covalent bonding between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of TA and unreacted acyl chloride groups during interfacial polymerization to enhance nanofiller compatibility with the PA matrix. Consequently, the water permeance of the TFN membrane attained 2.49 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹∙bar⁻¹, which was 2.2-fold higher compared to unmodified PA membranes (1.13 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹∙bar⁻¹), while a high NaCl rejection rate of 96.1% was maintained.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lead halide perovskites are unique semiconductor materials synthesized via low-temperature solution methods. They are expected to play a crucial role in next-generation optoelectronics, particularly in the advancement of solar cells and light-emitting devices. Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals exhibit luminescence properties not found in conventional cadmium selenide nanocrystals, which have been the subject of the most detailed studies to date. Consequently, these new material nanocrystals show great potential for innovative light-emitting device applications. This review paper summarizes the recent works of our group at Kyoto University on the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of single perovskite nanocrystal quantum dots, emphasizing the size-dependent optical phenomena of excitons, trions, and biexcitons.
{"title":"Size-dependent photophysical properties of individual halide perovskite nanocrystal quantum dots.","authors":"Kenichi Cho, Yoshihiko Kanemitsu","doi":"10.1039/d6nr00136j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr00136j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lead halide perovskites are unique semiconductor materials synthesized <i>via</i> low-temperature solution methods. They are expected to play a crucial role in next-generation optoelectronics, particularly in the advancement of solar cells and light-emitting devices. Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals exhibit luminescence properties not found in conventional cadmium selenide nanocrystals, which have been the subject of the most detailed studies to date. Consequently, these new material nanocrystals show great potential for innovative light-emitting device applications. This review paper summarizes the recent works of our group at Kyoto University on the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of single perovskite nanocrystal quantum dots, emphasizing the size-dependent optical phenomena of excitons, trions, and biexcitons.</p>","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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