The development of highly efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial to advancing overall water splitting technology and promoting clean energy systems. This work presents a ruthenium nanoparticle-decorated, iron-doped Ni(OH)₂ heterostructure on nickel foam (Ru-NiFe(OH)₂/NF), synthesized via an one-step corrosion method, which serves as a superior bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting in alkaline media due to its high activity in both the HER and OER. The Ru-NiFe(OH)2/NF bifunctional electrocatalyst demonstrates ultra-low overpotentials of 130 mV for HER and 235 mV for OER at 100 mA cm-2, while maintaining long-term stability for overall water splitting at 100 mA cm-2, outperforming commercial RuO2||Pt/C systems and most previously reported bifunctional electrocatalysts. Experimental observations combined with theoretical calculations reveals that electron transfer between Ru and NiFe(OH)2 promotes the formation of electron-deficient Ru sites, leading to an upshift of d-band center toward the Fermi level, which enhances the adsorption capability of reaction intermediates and thus boosts the catalytic activities.
开发高效稳定的析氢反应和析氧反应双功能电催化剂，对推进整体水裂解技术和推进清洁能源体系建设具有重要意义。本研究提出了一种由钌纳米粒子修饰、铁掺杂的Ni(OH) 2在泡沫镍上的异质结构（Ru-NiFe(OH) 2 /NF），通过一步腐蚀法合成，由于其在HER和OER中都具有较高的活性，因此可以作为一种优越的双功能电催化剂在碱性介质中进行水的整体分解。Ru-NiFe(OH)2/NF双功能电催化剂在100 mA cm-2下HER的过电位为130 mV， OER的过电位为235 mV，同时在100 mA cm-2下保持整体水分解的长期稳定性，优于商用RuO2||Pt/C系统和大多数先前报道的双功能电催化剂。实验观察和理论计算表明，Ru和NiFe(OH)2之间的电子转移促进了缺电子Ru位的形成，导致d带中心向费米能级上移，从而增强了反应中间体的吸附能力，从而提高了催化活性。
{"title":"Electronic modulation of Ru active sites via interfacial engineering for efficient overall water splitting","authors":"Sailei Kang, Jizhe Ma, Zezhong Shan, Yingxin Ma, Mengyuan Xing, Yu Zhang, Jian Shang, Bocheng Qiu","doi":"10.1039/d5nr04567c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr04567c","url":null,"abstract":"The development of highly efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial to advancing overall water splitting technology and promoting clean energy systems. This work presents a ruthenium nanoparticle-decorated, iron-doped Ni(OH)₂ heterostructure on nickel foam (Ru-NiFe(OH)₂/NF), synthesized via an one-step corrosion method, which serves as a superior bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting in alkaline media due to its high activity in both the HER and OER. The Ru-NiFe(OH)2/NF bifunctional electrocatalyst demonstrates ultra-low overpotentials of 130 mV for HER and 235 mV for OER at 100 mA cm-2, while maintaining long-term stability for overall water splitting at 100 mA cm-2, outperforming commercial RuO2||Pt/C systems and most previously reported bifunctional electrocatalysts. Experimental observations combined with theoretical calculations reveals that electron transfer between Ru and NiFe(OH)2 promotes the formation of electron-deficient Ru sites, leading to an upshift of d-band center toward the Fermi level, which enhances the adsorption capability of reaction intermediates and thus boosts the catalytic activities.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145704828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All-inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have emerged as highly promising candidates for next-generation display and lighting owing to their unique optoelectronic properties. However, the achievement of efficient and stable deep-blue emitting PQDs remains a big challenge. Here, we report a bimetallic co-doping strategy to prepare high performance (Rb0.5Cs0.5)Pb(Br0.6Cl0.4)3 PQDs via a hot-injection method. Although single Zn2+ doping causes an unexpected red-shift in the photoluminescence (PL) peak due to increased average size length, the co-doping of Zn2+ and Ni2+ leads to a pronounced blue-shift. This beneficial shift is attributed to the synergistic effect of the two dopants, which induces lattice contraction and improves structural homogeneity, effectively passivating defects. As a result, the band gap widens and the emission shifts toward shorter wavelength. By optimizing the Zn2+ and Ni2+ doping ratios, deep-blue emission at 463 nm with markedly enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 61% was achieved, which is nearly three times that of the pristine PQDs. Furthermore, the co-doped PQDs exhibit largely enhanced stability compared to the undoped counterpart. This study provides an effective co-doping approach to develop highly efficient and stable deep-blue emitting perovskite nanomaterials.
{"title":"Enhanced Luminescence Efficiency and Stability in Deep-blue Perovskite Quantum Dots through Synergistic Zn2+/Ni2+ Co-doping","authors":"Xueyong Zheng, Juan Luo, Zhenyu Li, Chunli Jiang, Mengqin Liu, Ruijuan Qi, Hechun Lin, Chunhua Luo, Hui Peng","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03878b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03878b","url":null,"abstract":"All-inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have emerged as highly promising candidates for next-generation display and lighting owing to their unique optoelectronic properties. However, the achievement of efficient and stable deep-blue emitting PQDs remains a big challenge. Here, we report a bimetallic co-doping strategy to prepare high performance (Rb0.5Cs0.5)Pb(Br0.6Cl0.4)3 PQDs via a hot-injection method. Although single Zn2+ doping causes an unexpected red-shift in the photoluminescence (PL) peak due to increased average size length, the co-doping of Zn2+ and Ni2+ leads to a pronounced blue-shift. This beneficial shift is attributed to the synergistic effect of the two dopants, which induces lattice contraction and improves structural homogeneity, effectively passivating defects. As a result, the band gap widens and the emission shifts toward shorter wavelength. By optimizing the Zn2+ and Ni2+ doping ratios, deep-blue emission at 463 nm with markedly enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 61% was achieved, which is nearly three times that of the pristine PQDs. Furthermore, the co-doped PQDs exhibit largely enhanced stability compared to the undoped counterpart. This study provides an effective co-doping approach to develop highly efficient and stable deep-blue emitting perovskite nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"604 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Correction for 'Design, synthesis, and fluorescence property tuning of methyl p-ethynylbenzoate-based [10]cycloparaphenylenes' by Wanchun Duan et al., Nanoscale, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5NR02115D.
The growing need for sustainable and efficient energy conversion has driven the development of advanced catalytic materials. In this quest, nanozymes-nanomaterials that mimic the catalytic functions of natural enzymes emerge as promising candidates due to their tunable catalytic properties, high operational stability, and cost-effectiveness. This review presents recent advancements in the applications of nanozymes for clean energy technologies, focusing on their mechanistic roles and engineering strategies within the scope of key reactions, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution and reduction reactions (OER, ORR), CO2 reduction, biofuel production, and methane-to-methanol conversion. The fundamental classes of nanozymes, their structure-activity relationships, and how their fine-tuned properties aid energy conversion in systems such as biofuel cells, electrolyzers, and fuel cells are also discussed. To underscore their practical advantages, nanozymes are benchmarked against conventional catalysts using key performance metrics such as turnover frequency, cost, and stability. Additionally, the review addresses challenges associated with limited selectivity, incomplete mechanistic understanding, and scalability while also highlighting emerging technologies such as nanostructuring, doping, hybridization, and 3D printing. By mapping recent advances and identifying critical research gaps, this review underscores the potential of established nanozymes and nanozyme-inspired catalytic systems as next-generation catalysts for clean energy applications and their role in advancing the transition toward a carbon-neutral and circular energy economy.
{"title":"Nanozymes for clean energy catalysis: unlocking potential, progress and perspectives.","authors":" Harshita,Murali Sastry,Shanthi Priya Samudrala","doi":"10.1039/d5nr04138d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr04138d","url":null,"abstract":"The growing need for sustainable and efficient energy conversion has driven the development of advanced catalytic materials. In this quest, nanozymes-nanomaterials that mimic the catalytic functions of natural enzymes emerge as promising candidates due to their tunable catalytic properties, high operational stability, and cost-effectiveness. This review presents recent advancements in the applications of nanozymes for clean energy technologies, focusing on their mechanistic roles and engineering strategies within the scope of key reactions, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution and reduction reactions (OER, ORR), CO2 reduction, biofuel production, and methane-to-methanol conversion. The fundamental classes of nanozymes, their structure-activity relationships, and how their fine-tuned properties aid energy conversion in systems such as biofuel cells, electrolyzers, and fuel cells are also discussed. To underscore their practical advantages, nanozymes are benchmarked against conventional catalysts using key performance metrics such as turnover frequency, cost, and stability. Additionally, the review addresses challenges associated with limited selectivity, incomplete mechanistic understanding, and scalability while also highlighting emerging technologies such as nanostructuring, doping, hybridization, and 3D printing. By mapping recent advances and identifying critical research gaps, this review underscores the potential of established nanozymes and nanozyme-inspired catalytic systems as next-generation catalysts for clean energy applications and their role in advancing the transition toward a carbon-neutral and circular energy economy.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanbing Yao,Yifu Li,Yujuan Zhan,Binyu Xiao,Jiayi Yan,Shuangshuang Liu,Zimo Chen,Chang Shu
Hyperuricemia (HUA) associated with a range of metabolic disorders has become a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Nanozymes, which mimic enzymatic activities, are prized for their high activity, low cost, and robust stability. Investigating the peroxidase (POD)-like activity of nanozymes is crucial for advancing biosensing and biocatalysis. In this work, we synthesized a series of FexNiy-NFs with POD-like activity, featuring varying mass ratios of iron to nickel. Among these, the Fe4Ni-NFs, which exhibited the highest catalytic activity, were selected to develop a user-friendly point-of-care (POC) detection method for the colorimetric quantification of uric acid (UA). This method achieved a detection limit of 1.13 µM and a linear range of 2-500 µM, enabling rapid, visual detection of UA in serum. Furthermore, we assessed serum UA levels in hyperuricemic rats treated with allopurinol and benzbromarone, demonstrating rapid drug efficacy evaluation. Our findings highlight the potential of Fe4Ni-NFs in UA detection and hyperuricemia management, suggesting broad applications in drug development and precision medicine. This work provided mechanistic insights into bimetallic nanozymes' POD-like activity and underscores their potential for biomedical applications, offering a new strategy for hyperuricemia diagnosis and treatment.
{"title":"Novel iron-nickel bimetallic nanozyme with peroxidase-like activity for ultrasensitive uric acid detection and hyperuricaemia therapy evaluation.","authors":"Hanbing Yao,Yifu Li,Yujuan Zhan,Binyu Xiao,Jiayi Yan,Shuangshuang Liu,Zimo Chen,Chang Shu","doi":"10.1039/d5nr04096e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr04096e","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperuricemia (HUA) associated with a range of metabolic disorders has become a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Nanozymes, which mimic enzymatic activities, are prized for their high activity, low cost, and robust stability. Investigating the peroxidase (POD)-like activity of nanozymes is crucial for advancing biosensing and biocatalysis. In this work, we synthesized a series of FexNiy-NFs with POD-like activity, featuring varying mass ratios of iron to nickel. Among these, the Fe4Ni-NFs, which exhibited the highest catalytic activity, were selected to develop a user-friendly point-of-care (POC) detection method for the colorimetric quantification of uric acid (UA). This method achieved a detection limit of 1.13 µM and a linear range of 2-500 µM, enabling rapid, visual detection of UA in serum. Furthermore, we assessed serum UA levels in hyperuricemic rats treated with allopurinol and benzbromarone, demonstrating rapid drug efficacy evaluation. Our findings highlight the potential of Fe4Ni-NFs in UA detection and hyperuricemia management, suggesting broad applications in drug development and precision medicine. This work provided mechanistic insights into bimetallic nanozymes' POD-like activity and underscores their potential for biomedical applications, offering a new strategy for hyperuricemia diagnosis and treatment.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transition metal telluride compositions are explored extensively for their unique magnetic behavior. Few-layered chromium telluride (Cr2Te3) exhibited a near-room-temperature phase transition, where the material can be effectively used in applications such as magnetic refrigeration. Compared to existing magnetocaloric materials, Heusler alloys, and rare-earthbased alloys, the large-scale synthesis of mechanically exfoliated Cr2Te3 involves less complexity, resulting in a stable composition. Compared to existing tellurides, Cr2Te3 exhibited a large change in magnetic entropy (|∆SM|) of 1.88 J/kg-K at a magnetic field of 4 T. The refrigeration capacity (RC) of ~ 82 J/kg was determined from the change in magnetic entropy versus temperature curve. The results were comparable with the existing Cr-compounds. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) confirmed the magnetic properties of Cr2Te3, including a near-room-temperature Curie temperature, TC, consistent with experimental results. Structural transition was also observed using first principles DFT, which is responsible for the magnetic behavior.
{"title":"Magnetocaloric effect observations near room temperature in few-layered chromium telluride (Cr2Te3)","authors":"Nishant Tiwari, Chinmayee Chowde Gowda, Subhendu Mishra, Prafull Pandey, Saikat Talapatra, Varun Chaudhary, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Chandra Sekhar Tiwary","doi":"10.1039/d5nr04469c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr04469c","url":null,"abstract":"Transition metal telluride compositions are explored extensively for their unique magnetic behavior. Few-layered chromium telluride (Cr2Te3) exhibited a near-room-temperature phase transition, where the material can be effectively used in applications such as magnetic refrigeration. Compared to existing magnetocaloric materials, Heusler alloys, and rare-earthbased alloys, the large-scale synthesis of mechanically exfoliated Cr2Te3 involves less complexity, resulting in a stable composition. Compared to existing tellurides, Cr2Te3 exhibited a large change in magnetic entropy (|∆SM|) of 1.88 J/kg-K at a magnetic field of 4 T. The refrigeration capacity (RC) of ~ 82 J/kg was determined from the change in magnetic entropy versus temperature curve. The results were comparable with the existing Cr-compounds. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) confirmed the magnetic properties of Cr2Te3, including a near-room-temperature Curie temperature, TC, consistent with experimental results. Structural transition was also observed using first principles DFT, which is responsible for the magnetic behavior.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Omer Munir, Muhammad Saleem, Zeewaqar Manzoor, Abdul Quader, Amir Shahzad, Afkar Qabil Alshammari, Afnan Qabil Alshammari, Sadiq Ali
High-performance electrodes for next-generation supercapacitors require hierarchical porosity and coupled EDLC/pseudocapacitance. In this work, we have synthesized three ZIF-8-based composites: ZIF-8/MoS2, ZIF-8/V2O5, and ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5, by a scalable one-pot in-situ co-assembly (OP-ISCA) method. In this architecture, the electric double-layer capacitance of ZIF-8 is combined with the pseudocapacitive functionality of MoS2 and V2O5. The XRD and FTIR confirmed the integration of MoS2 and V2O5 with ZIF-8. Elemental mapping, EDS, SEM, and BET reveal that the ternary composite develops a larger specific surface area and moderately connected micro/mesopores. The electrochemical measurements showed that ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5 achieved outstanding results by reaching a high gravimetric capacitance value of 1200.8 F g-1 at 2 A g-1, along with an energy density of 41.69 Wh kg-1, with a power density of 500 W kg-1. The robust cycling stability function of this composite enabled it to maintain 98.88 % of its initial capacitance after 10000 cycles. The integration of multiple transition metal components with the MOF by OP-ISCA brings forth a powerful and scalable strategy for developing supercapacitor electrodes with enhanced performance.
下一代超级电容器的高性能电极需要分层孔隙度和耦合EDLC/伪电容。在这项工作中，我们通过可扩展的一锅原位共组装（OP-ISCA）方法合成了三种ZIF-8基复合材料：ZIF-8/MoS2， ZIF-8/V2O5和ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5。在这种结构中，ZIF-8的双层电容量与MoS2和V2O5的赝电容功能相结合。XRD和FTIR证实了MoS2和V2O5与ZIF-8的整合。元素映射、EDS、SEM和BET显示，三元复合材料具有更大的比表面积和中等连接的微/中孔。电化学测量结果表明，ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5在2 a g-1条件下获得了1200.8 F- 1的高重量电容值，能量密度为41.69 Wh kg-1，功率密度为500 W kg-1。该复合材料的鲁棒循环稳定性功能使其在10000次循环后保持其初始电容的98.88%。通过OP-ISCA将多个过渡金属元件与MOF集成，为开发具有增强性能的超级电容器电极提供了强大的可扩展策略。
{"title":"One-Pot in situ Co-Assembly of Binary ZIF-8/MoS2, ZIF-8/V2O5, and Ternary ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5 Composite Supercapacitor Electrodes","authors":"Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Omer Munir, Muhammad Saleem, Zeewaqar Manzoor, Abdul Quader, Amir Shahzad, Afkar Qabil Alshammari, Afnan Qabil Alshammari, Sadiq Ali","doi":"10.1039/d5nr04146e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr04146e","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance electrodes for next-generation supercapacitors require hierarchical porosity and coupled EDLC/pseudocapacitance. In this work, we have synthesized three ZIF-8-based composites: ZIF-8/MoS2, ZIF-8/V2O5, and ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5, by a scalable one-pot in-situ co-assembly (OP-ISCA) method. In this architecture, the electric double-layer capacitance of ZIF-8 is combined with the pseudocapacitive functionality of MoS2 and V2O5. The XRD and FTIR confirmed the integration of MoS2 and V2O5 with ZIF-8. Elemental mapping, EDS, SEM, and BET reveal that the ternary composite develops a larger specific surface area and moderately connected micro/mesopores. The electrochemical measurements showed that ZIF-8/MoS2/V2O5 achieved outstanding results by reaching a high gravimetric capacitance value of 1200.8 F g-1 at 2 A g-1, along with an energy density of 41.69 Wh kg-1, with a power density of 500 W kg-1. The robust cycling stability function of this composite enabled it to maintain 98.88 % of its initial capacitance after 10000 cycles. The integration of multiple transition metal components with the MOF by OP-ISCA brings forth a powerful and scalable strategy for developing supercapacitor electrodes with enhanced performance.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mallika Phull, Amjad Ali, Jobanpreet Brar, Amit Mishra, Banibrata Maity
This study reports the development of a microcontroller-based, portable fluorometric sensing device for the rapid and highly sensitive detection of picric acid (PA), a hazardous nitroaromatic explosive. The sensor utilizes biomass-derived carbon dots synthesized from watermelon extract (Citrullus lanatus) via a sustainable, hydrothermal green synthesis route, free of toxic reagents or additives. The resulting water-soluble carbon dots (W-CDs) exhibit strong cyan fluorescence under UV light with a high quantum yield of 29%. Comprehensive characterizations using FTIR, XRD, HRTEM, Raman, XPS, UV-Vis, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, confirmed their structural, morphological, and optical properties. These W-CDs serve as an effective “turn-off” fluorescent probe for PA, achieving an ultra-low detection limit of 4.17 nM in aqueous solution. The integration of W-CDs into a portable device enables real-time, on-site detection, with results closely matching standard laboratory measurements. Selectivity studies confirmed minimal interference from other analytes in complex samples. Additionally, an AND logic gate was implemented using the fluorescence response, highlighting the system’s potential for intelligent chemical sensing. This work demonstrates the integration of eco-friendly nanomaterial synthesis with low-cost device engineering, offering a practical platform for environmental monitoring and explosive detection.
{"title":"Sustainable Carbon Dot-Based Fluorosensor Integrated with a Microcontroller-Driven Portable Device for On-Site Nanomolar Detection of Picric Acid","authors":"Mallika Phull, Amjad Ali, Jobanpreet Brar, Amit Mishra, Banibrata Maity","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03407h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03407h","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the development of a microcontroller-based, portable fluorometric sensing device for the rapid and highly sensitive detection of picric acid (PA), a hazardous nitroaromatic explosive. The sensor utilizes biomass-derived carbon dots synthesized from watermelon extract (Citrullus lanatus) via a sustainable, hydrothermal green synthesis route, free of toxic reagents or additives. The resulting water-soluble carbon dots (W-CDs) exhibit strong cyan fluorescence under UV light with a high quantum yield of 29%. Comprehensive characterizations using FTIR, XRD, HRTEM, Raman, XPS, UV-Vis, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, confirmed their structural, morphological, and optical properties. These W-CDs serve as an effective “turn-off” fluorescent probe for PA, achieving an ultra-low detection limit of 4.17 nM in aqueous solution. The integration of W-CDs into a portable device enables real-time, on-site detection, with results closely matching standard laboratory measurements. Selectivity studies confirmed minimal interference from other analytes in complex samples. Additionally, an AND logic gate was implemented using the fluorescence response, highlighting the system’s potential for intelligent chemical sensing. This work demonstrates the integration of eco-friendly nanomaterial synthesis with low-cost device engineering, offering a practical platform for environmental monitoring and explosive detection.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justin Van Houten, Sarah E.S. Quail, Melissa Claire D'Amaral, Kezia Erina Suryoraharjo, Abigail Kathleen Richards, Ruben Castillo Barberi, Rachel Leigh Mander, Alana A. F. O. Ogata
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), such as zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), offer a promising platform for therapeutic protein delivery due to their biocompatibility and tunable degradation properties. However, the clinical translation of protein-loaded MOFs has been limited by poor colloidal stability and a lack of robust, stimulus-responsive release mechanisms. Here, we present a colloidally stable nanoparticle system composed of (poly)acrylic acid (PAA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), ZIF-8 and copper (Cu) or iron (Fe) ions, PAA@Cu/FeBSA@c-ZIF-8, designed for H2O2-responsive, multimodal therapeutic delivery. Through iterative design, we stabilized protein-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles with PAA and doped the system with Cu or Fe to enable Fenton-based H2O2 sensitivity. The resulting PAA@CuBSA@c-ZIF-8 and PAA@FeBSA@c-ZIF-8 nanoparticles release encapsulated BSA and the doped transition metal ions upon exposure to biologically relevant H2O2 concentrations (40-100 µM), enabling protein therapy in tandem with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cytotoxicity. The PAA@BSA@c-ZIF-8, PAA@CuBSA@c-ZIF-8 and PAA@FeBSA@c-ZIF-8 exhibit consistent physiochemical properties across independent operators and scales, including particle size, ζ potential, and cargo release, as well as cytotoxicity. Importantly, we identify ROS production, measured by 2’,7’ dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate response, as a key critical quality attribute correlating with therapeutic potency. This work establishes a reproducible, H2O2-responsive nanoplatform for cancer therapy and supports the broader use of quality attribute metrics in nanoparticle development.
{"title":"Polymeric@Protein@MOF Nanoparticles with Stimuli-Responsive Disassembly and Highly Reproducible Synthesis","authors":"Justin Van Houten, Sarah E.S. Quail, Melissa Claire D'Amaral, Kezia Erina Suryoraharjo, Abigail Kathleen Richards, Ruben Castillo Barberi, Rachel Leigh Mander, Alana A. F. O. Ogata","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02870a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02870a","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), such as zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), offer a promising platform for therapeutic protein delivery due to their biocompatibility and tunable degradation properties. However, the clinical translation of protein-loaded MOFs has been limited by poor colloidal stability and a lack of robust, stimulus-responsive release mechanisms. Here, we present a colloidally stable nanoparticle system composed of (poly)acrylic acid (PAA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), ZIF-8 and copper (Cu) or iron (Fe) ions, PAA@Cu/FeBSA@c-ZIF-8, designed for H2O2-responsive, multimodal therapeutic delivery. Through iterative design, we stabilized protein-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles with PAA and doped the system with Cu or Fe to enable Fenton-based H2O2 sensitivity. The resulting PAA@CuBSA@c-ZIF-8 and PAA@FeBSA@c-ZIF-8 nanoparticles release encapsulated BSA and the doped transition metal ions upon exposure to biologically relevant H2O2 concentrations (40-100 µM), enabling protein therapy in tandem with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cytotoxicity. The PAA@BSA@c-ZIF-8, PAA@CuBSA@c-ZIF-8 and PAA@FeBSA@c-ZIF-8 exhibit consistent physiochemical properties across independent operators and scales, including particle size, ζ potential, and cargo release, as well as cytotoxicity. Importantly, we identify ROS production, measured by 2’,7’ dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate response, as a key critical quality attribute correlating with therapeutic potency. This work establishes a reproducible, H2O2-responsive nanoplatform for cancer therapy and supports the broader use of quality attribute metrics in nanoparticle development.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clara Gutiérrez-Cuesta, Víctor Rojo, Jose E. Prieto, Anna Mandziak, Pawel Nita, Adolfo del Campo, Natalia Kwiatek-Maroszek, Iulia Cojocariu, Marcin Szpytma, Giovanni Fevola, Arantzazu Mascaraque, Jose Marco, Onur Tevfik Mentes, Andrea Locatelli, Adrian Quesada, Juan de la Figuera
We study the growth of barium tungstate, BaWO 4 , by high-temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on W(110). Barium tungstate grows in the form of isosceles triangular-shaped islands, tens of micrometers wide and tens of nanometers in height. The growth was monitored in real time by low-energy electron microscopy and characterized in situ by low-energy electron diraction, x-ray absorption and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Further ex situ characterization was performed by optical and atomic force microscopies and Raman spectroscopy. Barium tungstate growth on W(110) was performed by dosing only barium in a molecular oxygen atmosphere due to incorporation of W atoms from the W(110) substrate. The islands correspond to the BaWO 4 (011) crystallographic orientation and their sides are aligned along the [001] and [111] directions of the BaWO 4 crystal.
{"title":"High-Temperature Oxygen-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy of BaWO4 on W(110): Growth Mechanism and Structural Characterization","authors":"Clara Gutiérrez-Cuesta, Víctor Rojo, Jose E. Prieto, Anna Mandziak, Pawel Nita, Adolfo del Campo, Natalia Kwiatek-Maroszek, Iulia Cojocariu, Marcin Szpytma, Giovanni Fevola, Arantzazu Mascaraque, Jose Marco, Onur Tevfik Mentes, Andrea Locatelli, Adrian Quesada, Juan de la Figuera","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03903g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03903g","url":null,"abstract":"We study the growth of barium tungstate, BaWO <small><sub>4</sub></small> , by high-temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on W(110). Barium tungstate grows in the form of isosceles triangular-shaped islands, tens of micrometers wide and tens of nanometers in height. The growth was monitored in real time by low-energy electron microscopy and characterized in situ by low-energy electron diraction, x-ray absorption and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Further ex situ characterization was performed by optical and atomic force microscopies and Raman spectroscopy. Barium tungstate growth on W(110) was performed by dosing only barium in a molecular oxygen atmosphere due to incorporation of W atoms from the W(110) substrate. The islands correspond to the BaWO <small><sub>4</sub></small> (011) crystallographic orientation and their sides are aligned along the [001] and [111] directions of the BaWO <small><sub>4</sub></small> crystal.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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