Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555688
Fakhr Alayoubi
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been approved for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The outcomes achieved by clinical trials depend on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these drugs which are used orally in regular doses once or twice daily. During our routine practice we face an obligatory choice to prescribe NOAC twice daily during the month of Ramadan. Twice daily dose drugs in our practice as well as with Muslim patients everywhere in the world during the holy month of Ramadan. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of NOACs either once daily or twice daily used during the month of Ramadan for stroke prevention in Non-Valvular atrial fibrillation. Methods: An observational study in tertiary university hospital at Saudi Arabia for 114 patient’s non-valvular atrial fibrillation on NOACs during the month of Ramadan 1441 H/ 2019 with laboratory follow ups before Ramadan and one month after for each patient who completed at least 15 days fasting during this Holy month of Ramadan 1441 H/ 2019. Results: 114 patients, 40 were on Rivaroxaban and 74 on Dabigatran, the baseline characteristic are similar except the history of myocardial infarction 28%, and Heart failure 58% in the Rivaroxaban arm which was higher than the Dabigatran arm 9%, & 12%. Regarding the concomitant medications used Aspirin in Rivaroxaban arm 33%, Dabigatran arm 11%, NSAID only Dabigatran arm 8%, %, no significant deferent in the stroke and bleeding events between two arms. Conclusion: The data shows that the Direct oral anticoagulant are effective and safe to be used in Ramadan for non-valvular atrial fibrillation regardless the frequency of anticoagulant , further studies are needed to support these findings in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and other indications.
{"title":"The Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Oral Anticoagulant: Experience of Tertiary Academic Hospital","authors":"Fakhr Alayoubi","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555688","url":null,"abstract":"Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been approved for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The outcomes achieved by clinical trials depend on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these drugs which are used orally in regular doses once or twice daily. During our routine practice we face an obligatory choice to prescribe NOAC twice daily during the month of Ramadan. Twice daily dose drugs in our practice as well as with Muslim patients everywhere in the world during the holy month of Ramadan. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of NOACs either once daily or twice daily used during the month of Ramadan for stroke prevention in Non-Valvular atrial fibrillation. Methods: An observational study in tertiary university hospital at Saudi Arabia for 114 patient’s non-valvular atrial fibrillation on NOACs during the month of Ramadan 1441 H/ 2019 with laboratory follow ups before Ramadan and one month after for each patient who completed at least 15 days fasting during this Holy month of Ramadan 1441 H/ 2019. Results: 114 patients, 40 were on Rivaroxaban and 74 on Dabigatran, the baseline characteristic are similar except the history of myocardial infarction 28%, and Heart failure 58% in the Rivaroxaban arm which was higher than the Dabigatran arm 9%, & 12%. Regarding the concomitant medications used Aspirin in Rivaroxaban arm 33%, Dabigatran arm 11%, NSAID only Dabigatran arm 8%, %, no significant deferent in the stroke and bleeding events between two arms. Conclusion: The data shows that the Direct oral anticoagulant are effective and safe to be used in Ramadan for non-valvular atrial fibrillation regardless the frequency of anticoagulant , further studies are needed to support these findings in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and other indications.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47916436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555689
Azal Ikhlaq
Background: Sleep paralysis, accompanied by hypnopompic and hypnogagic hallucinations is commonly occurring phenomenon affecting number of individuals and it is found to be usually associated with sleeplessness and poor sleeping habits and quality. Aims: To obtain an association between sleep paralysis and insomnia and sleep quality. Methods: This was a cross sectional examination led on medical undergraduates in a local medical college of Pakistan. A survey containing segment data, a sleep paralysis related questionnaire, a scale for insomnia; Insomnia Severity Index and a scale for sleep quality; Pittsberg Sleep Quality Index was completed by 100 participants. Results: Positive association was found between sleep paralysis and Insomnia and sleep quality with p=-0.11 and d=0.247, p<0.001 and=- 0.417 respectively. Medical undergraduates have high prevalence (52.8%) of sleep paralysis. Also, the high rate of occurrence among the females than males and higher rates in adolescents are particularly of concern. Conclusion: There is a positive association between frequency of occurrence of sleep paralysis and insomnia and sleep quality. Better sleep schedules, enhancement of sleep quality with possible eradication of insomnia should be done in order to prevent terrible experience of sleep paralysis.
{"title":"Association of Sleep paralysis with Insomnia and Sleep Quality","authors":"Azal Ikhlaq","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555689","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep paralysis, accompanied by hypnopompic and hypnogagic hallucinations is commonly occurring phenomenon affecting number of individuals and it is found to be usually associated with sleeplessness and poor sleeping habits and quality. Aims: To obtain an association between sleep paralysis and insomnia and sleep quality. Methods: This was a cross sectional examination led on medical undergraduates in a local medical college of Pakistan. A survey containing segment data, a sleep paralysis related questionnaire, a scale for insomnia; Insomnia Severity Index and a scale for sleep quality; Pittsberg Sleep Quality Index was completed by 100 participants. Results: Positive association was found between sleep paralysis and Insomnia and sleep quality with p=-0.11 and d=0.247, p<0.001 and=- 0.417 respectively. Medical undergraduates have high prevalence (52.8%) of sleep paralysis. Also, the high rate of occurrence among the females than males and higher rates in adolescents are particularly of concern. Conclusion: There is a positive association between frequency of occurrence of sleep paralysis and insomnia and sleep quality. Better sleep schedules, enhancement of sleep quality with possible eradication of insomnia should be done in order to prevent terrible experience of sleep paralysis.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45375095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-10DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555687
M. Peterson
Kindergarten children are routinely instructed in recognizing repeating patterns. Such instruction may improve their understanding of prealgebra and early literacy. The present research was designed to determine whether there were relations between children’s understanding of patterns and early literacy at the outset of kindergarten, before instruction in recognizing patterns was begun. Accordingly, 492 kindergarten children were assessed with a patterning measure and two measures of early literacy. Significant correlations between scores on these three measures indicate that about 12-16% of a beginning kindergartner’s ability in literacy can be predicted from their understanding of patterns.
{"title":"Patterning and Literacy at the Outset of Kindergarten","authors":"M. Peterson","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555687","url":null,"abstract":"Kindergarten children are routinely instructed in recognizing repeating patterns. Such instruction may improve their understanding of prealgebra and early literacy. The present research was designed to determine whether there were relations between children’s understanding of patterns and early literacy at the outset of kindergarten, before instruction in recognizing patterns was begun. Accordingly, 492 kindergarten children were assessed with a patterning measure and two measures of early literacy. Significant correlations between scores on these three measures indicate that about 12-16% of a beginning kindergartner’s ability in literacy can be predicted from their understanding of patterns.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41864667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-25DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555686
Reagan D. Collins
Benign enlargement of subarachnoid spaces (BESS) is a common clinical finding in pediatric patients. Although a few causes have been put forward, the etiology of the enlargement is largely unknown. Both chronic upper respiratory infections (URI’s) and cor pulmonale (by means of increased right atrial pressure) can hinder venous drainage contributing to increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), thus potentially predisposing a patient to enlargements of their subarachnoid spaces to accommodate for these changes. This study aims to determine if a history of chronic upper respiratory infections and cor pulmonale is correlated to a higher incidence of BESS. Scans and medical records from patients under the age of 2 with either macrocephaly or BESS from 2009-2016 were examined to evaluate this possible association. Incidences of chronic URIs and elevated RAP were statistically significantly higher in the BESS population supporting the proposed aim of the study (p<0.001). Physicians should consider closely monitoring patients with chronic URIs and cor pulmonale for possible BESS and associated sequelae.
{"title":"Causal Relationship Between Chronic Upper Respiratory Infections and Benign Enlargement of Subarachnoid Spaces","authors":"Reagan D. Collins","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555686","url":null,"abstract":"Benign enlargement of subarachnoid spaces (BESS) is a common clinical finding in pediatric patients. Although a few causes have been put forward, the etiology of the enlargement is largely unknown. Both chronic upper respiratory infections (URI’s) and cor pulmonale (by means of increased right atrial pressure) can hinder venous drainage contributing to increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), thus potentially predisposing a patient to enlargements of their subarachnoid spaces to accommodate for these changes. This study aims to determine if a history of chronic upper respiratory infections and cor pulmonale is correlated to a higher incidence of BESS. Scans and medical records from patients under the age of 2 with either macrocephaly or BESS from 2009-2016 were examined to evaluate this possible association. Incidences of chronic URIs and elevated RAP were statistically significantly higher in the BESS population supporting the proposed aim of the study (p<0.001). Physicians should consider closely monitoring patients with chronic URIs and cor pulmonale for possible BESS and associated sequelae.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45422946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-15DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555685
Chinenye Wachuku Meng
Chronic Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a complication associated with many comorbidities that can result in limb amputation and even death. ActiGraft, an autologous blood clot tissue, showed to be effective in cutaneous hard to heal wounds by promoting the natural healing process of the wound. We present a case of an ActiGraft treatment, applied weekly for 3 weeks on a complicated case of DFU exhibiting extensive necrotic tissue, exposed bone, tendons and fascia. Blood was withdrawn from the patient, at the point-of-care, to create a blood clot that was then placed on the wound. ActiGraft treatment showed promotion of extensive granulation covering the exposed bone and tendon, reduction of necrotic tissue, and decrease in wound area providing a prepared wound bed for skin graft application. ActiGraft was found to be a cost-effective treatment, providing optimal preparation of the wound bed in a complicated case of chronic DFU.
{"title":"\"The Use of ActiGraft, an Autologous Skin Graft, in the Treatment of Complex Diabetes Foot Ulcer - A Case Study\"","authors":"Chinenye Wachuku Meng","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555685","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a complication associated with many comorbidities that can result in limb amputation and even death. ActiGraft, an autologous blood clot tissue, showed to be effective in cutaneous hard to heal wounds by promoting the natural healing process of the wound. We present a case of an ActiGraft treatment, applied weekly for 3 weeks on a complicated case of DFU exhibiting extensive necrotic tissue, exposed bone, tendons and fascia. Blood was withdrawn from the patient, at the point-of-care, to create a blood clot that was then placed on the wound. ActiGraft treatment showed promotion of extensive granulation covering the exposed bone and tendon, reduction of necrotic tissue, and decrease in wound area providing a prepared wound bed for skin graft application. ActiGraft was found to be a cost-effective treatment, providing optimal preparation of the wound bed in a complicated case of chronic DFU.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49178797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-09DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555684
S. Jana
Folic acid (Vitamin B 9 ) is the water-soluble vitamin mainly found in the foods and supplements, which is involved in the synthesis and repair of DNA and RNA, aiding rapid cell division and growth, enhancing the overall brain health, etc. in the body. In this study, the impact of
{"title":"\"Impact of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the Isotopic Abundance Ratio of Folic Acid\"","authors":"S. Jana","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555684","url":null,"abstract":"Folic acid (Vitamin B 9 ) is the water-soluble vitamin mainly found in the foods and supplements, which is involved in the synthesis and repair of DNA and RNA, aiding rapid cell division and growth, enhancing the overall brain health, etc. in the body. In this study, the impact of","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43753182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-28DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555683
C. Zwerling
We report a case of an immunocompetent 77-year-old Caucasian female presenting with bilateral herpes simplex keratitis masquerading as bilateral ulcerative blepharo-keratoconjunctivitis. Most cases of herpes simplex keratitis present unilaterally and uncommon occurrences of bilateral cases range from 1.3% to 10.9%. In literature, bilateral herpes simplex keratitis has been reported for patients with atopic disease, corticosteroid use, autoimmune diseases, and UV A light exposure. Our patient had none of these conditions, but she did suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus that was well-controlled. She had no prior history of known herpes simplex disease and tested negative for COVID 19. To date, this is the third reported bilateral herpes simplex keratitis case and the second reported in an elderly patient with shared history of prostaglandin usage and presence of diabetes mellitus. Our rationale for reporting this case is that while it seems to be a rare presentation it could be establishing a pattern. The study explores the relationship between a prostaglandin and HSV activation that may allow viral entrance due to epithelial breakdown. Since our patient did not have any of the previously reported immunocompromised states that have been associated with bilateral herpes keratitis, this case may represent a new pattern for HSV infection. Our clinical methods indicate that close follow-up was crucial to identifying the patient’s eye condition as a bilateral herpes simplex keratitis. Due to this potential pattern of disease, a revised management approach may benefit similar patients by selecting alternative treatments for glaucoma early in the disease presentation.
{"title":"Bilateral Herpes Simplex Keratitis Presenting as Bilateral Ulcerative Blepharo-Keratoconjunctivitis: A Rarity or Pattern","authors":"C. Zwerling","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555683","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of an immunocompetent 77-year-old Caucasian female presenting with bilateral herpes simplex keratitis masquerading as bilateral ulcerative blepharo-keratoconjunctivitis. Most cases of herpes simplex keratitis present unilaterally and uncommon occurrences of bilateral cases range from 1.3% to 10.9%. In literature, bilateral herpes simplex keratitis has been reported for patients with atopic disease, corticosteroid use, autoimmune diseases, and UV A light exposure. Our patient had none of these conditions, but she did suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus that was well-controlled. She had no prior history of known herpes simplex disease and tested negative for COVID 19. To date, this is the third reported bilateral herpes simplex keratitis case and the second reported in an elderly patient with shared history of prostaglandin usage and presence of diabetes mellitus. Our rationale for reporting this case is that while it seems to be a rare presentation it could be establishing a pattern. The study explores the relationship between a prostaglandin and HSV activation that may allow viral entrance due to epithelial breakdown. Since our patient did not have any of the previously reported immunocompromised states that have been associated with bilateral herpes keratitis, this case may represent a new pattern for HSV infection. Our clinical methods indicate that close follow-up was crucial to identifying the patient’s eye condition as a bilateral herpes simplex keratitis. Due to this potential pattern of disease, a revised management approach may benefit similar patients by selecting alternative treatments for glaucoma early in the disease presentation.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46950356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.19080/arr.2021.06.555682
K. Lee
Current treatment options for nocturia are unsatisfactory, prompting review of clinical studies of potential new and better drug therapies for nocturia. A 3-step nonsystematic review was performed. Step 1 was to review articles related to nocturia in multiple databases. Step 2 was to review articles identified in Step 1 for potential new and better drug therapies for nocturia. Step 3 was to review the websites of companies sponsoring new drug therapies. Two categories of potential new drugs were identified. Category 1 drugs include new drugs, new drug combinations, or new routes of administration of drugs that are in the existing class for nocturia. They are: (a) demospressin combined with tamsulosin (an alpha-1 blocker), solifenacin (an antimuscarinic), or furosemide (a diuretic); (b) mirabegron (a β3- agonist) combined with tamsulosin or solifenacin, or new β3-agonists (solabegron and vibegron); (c) tolterodine (an antimuscarinic agent) combined with pilocarpine (a short-acting muscarinic agonist selective for salivary gland receptors); and (d) intravesical instillation of botulinum toxin A. Category 2 drugs are new drugs with novel molecular targets. They include Paxerol (prostaglandin E2 inhibitors) and Fedovapagon (a vasopressin V2 receptor agonist). Conclusion: Category 1 potential new drug therapies have improved efficacy and/or tolerability compared to parent drugs. Due to novel molecular targets, Category 2 drugs provide additional treatment options, especially in patients who have failed current therapies, current unsatisfactory, or cannot tolerate current drug therapies.
{"title":"Upcoming New Drug Therapies for Nocturia - A Nonsystematic Stepwise Review","authors":"K. Lee","doi":"10.19080/arr.2021.06.555682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2021.06.555682","url":null,"abstract":"Current treatment options for nocturia are unsatisfactory, prompting review of clinical studies of potential new and better drug therapies for nocturia. A 3-step nonsystematic review was performed. Step 1 was to review articles related to nocturia in multiple databases. Step 2 was to review articles identified in Step 1 for potential new and better drug therapies for nocturia. Step 3 was to review the websites of companies sponsoring new drug therapies. Two categories of potential new drugs were identified. Category 1 drugs include new drugs, new drug combinations, or new routes of administration of drugs that are in the existing class for nocturia. They are: (a) demospressin combined with tamsulosin (an alpha-1 blocker), solifenacin (an antimuscarinic), or furosemide (a diuretic); (b) mirabegron (a β3- agonist) combined with tamsulosin or solifenacin, or new β3-agonists (solabegron and vibegron); (c) tolterodine (an antimuscarinic agent) combined with pilocarpine (a short-acting muscarinic agonist selective for salivary gland receptors); and (d) intravesical instillation of botulinum toxin A. Category 2 drugs are new drugs with novel molecular targets. They include Paxerol (prostaglandin E2 inhibitors) and Fedovapagon (a vasopressin V2 receptor agonist). Conclusion: Category 1 potential new drug therapies have improved efficacy and/or tolerability compared to parent drugs. Due to novel molecular targets, Category 2 drugs provide additional treatment options, especially in patients who have failed current therapies, current unsatisfactory, or cannot tolerate current drug therapies.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46419973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.06.555680
C. Batav
The fish visceral waste is currently posing a major problem to fisheries and environment sustainability. India has generated fish waste around 50% of the production in the year 2015-16. The indiscriminate practices of waste disposal cause physical and ecological imbalances in the ecosystem. Hence, its management has become very important. The visceral organs are known sources of biologically active compounds therefore, value-added products can be recovered. The present study focused on isolation of visceral protease of popular fish species, Catla catla. The proteins were precipitated using various precipitating agents among which cold acetone was found best (152.93mg ml-1 protein). The kinetic study of the enzyme was performed using BAPNA substrate and enzyme activity (15.54 U ml-1), Km (2.47mM) and Vmax (0.40µm-1 min-1) were calculated. The molecular weight of the protease was 24KDa, optimum pH was 8.5, and optimum temperature was 40ºC. The enzyme was found 19.3% similar with mammalian (bovine) trypsin. Henceforth, the enzyme was thought to solve the fish visceral waste problem with an ecological approach.
鱼类内脏废物目前对渔业和环境可持续性构成了重大问题。2015-16年，印度产生的鱼类废弃物约占产量的50%。不分青红皂白的废物处理做法造成生态系统的物理和生态失衡。因此，它的管理变得非常重要。内脏器官是已知的生物活性化合物来源，因此，可以回收增值产品。本研究的重点是分离流行鱼类Catla Catla的内脏蛋白酶。用不同的沉淀剂沉淀蛋白质，其中冷丙酮的沉淀效果最好（152.93mg ml-1蛋白质）。使用BAPNA底物对酶进行动力学研究，并计算酶活性（15.54 U ml-1）、Km（2.47mM）和Vmax（0.40µm-1 min-1）。蛋白酶的分子量为24KDa，最适pH为8.5，最适温度为40℃。发现该酶与哺乳动物（牛）胰蛋白酶的相似性为19.3%。从此，这种酶被认为可以用生态学的方法解决鱼类内脏废物的问题。
{"title":"Valorization of Catla Visceral Waste by Obtaining Industrially Important Enzyme: Trypsin","authors":"C. Batav","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.06.555680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.06.555680","url":null,"abstract":"The fish visceral waste is currently posing a major problem to fisheries and environment sustainability. India has generated fish waste around 50% of the production in the year 2015-16. The indiscriminate practices of waste disposal cause physical and ecological imbalances in the ecosystem. Hence, its management has become very important. The visceral organs are known sources of biologically active compounds therefore, value-added products can be recovered. The present study focused on isolation of visceral protease of popular fish species, Catla catla. The proteins were precipitated using various precipitating agents among which cold acetone was found best (152.93mg ml-1 protein). The kinetic study of the enzyme was performed using BAPNA substrate and enzyme activity (15.54 U ml-1), Km (2.47mM) and Vmax (0.40µm-1 min-1) were calculated. The molecular weight of the protease was 24KDa, optimum pH was 8.5, and optimum temperature was 40ºC. The enzyme was found 19.3% similar with mammalian (bovine) trypsin. Henceforth, the enzyme was thought to solve the fish visceral waste problem with an ecological approach.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42359482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.06.555678
R. Snyder
of that consists of Abstract Objective: The purpose of this economic analysis was to generate the cost-effectiveness of five (5) advanced skin substitutes/ Cell/Tissue based Products (CTPs) in the treatment of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes (DFUs): ActiGraft® (RedDress, Pardes Hanna, Israel); Apligraf® (Organogenesis, Canton, MA); Dermagraft® (Organogenesis, Cant-on, MA) ; Grafix Core® (Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA) and EpiFix® (MiMedx, Marietta, GA). Methods: For each skin substitute product, three data points were central to the analysis: Number of applications over a 12-week course of treatment; complete healing efficacy over a 12-week course of treatment; product cost per application; the number of applications and complete healing efficacy were obtained from seven established published clinical studies. Inclusion/Exclusion criteria included either a randomized controlled trial, prospective cohort, or retrospective cohort design that included at least two study arms; reported wound healing at 12 or 16 weeks, reported number of application of products used to achieve healing and a minimum 40 subjects in the primary treatment arm. Due to the complexities of cost-benefit analysis and difficulties encountered when comparing research (i.e. different run-in periods, numbers of subjects and variable endpoints) the study selection for Apligraf, Dermagraft, Grafix and Epifix used inclusion/exclusion criteria from Samsell et al. For Actigraft, study selection was limited to a pilot study. to the four (4) other advanced products analyzed. However, the ActiGraft data sourced from a pilot study presents limitations for comparison with studies meeting Samsell’s criteria. It is the authors’ intention to update this analysis when future published studies meet this benchmark.
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of the Cost Effectiveness of Five Advanced Skin Substitutes in the Treatment of Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes","authors":"R. Snyder","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.06.555678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.06.555678","url":null,"abstract":"of that consists of Abstract Objective: The purpose of this economic analysis was to generate the cost-effectiveness of five (5) advanced skin substitutes/ Cell/Tissue based Products (CTPs) in the treatment of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes (DFUs): ActiGraft® (RedDress, Pardes Hanna, Israel); Apligraf® (Organogenesis, Canton, MA); Dermagraft® (Organogenesis, Cant-on, MA) ; Grafix Core® (Smith & Nephew, Andover, MA) and EpiFix® (MiMedx, Marietta, GA). Methods: For each skin substitute product, three data points were central to the analysis: Number of applications over a 12-week course of treatment; complete healing efficacy over a 12-week course of treatment; product cost per application; the number of applications and complete healing efficacy were obtained from seven established published clinical studies. Inclusion/Exclusion criteria included either a randomized controlled trial, prospective cohort, or retrospective cohort design that included at least two study arms; reported wound healing at 12 or 16 weeks, reported number of application of products used to achieve healing and a minimum 40 subjects in the primary treatment arm. Due to the complexities of cost-benefit analysis and difficulties encountered when comparing research (i.e. different run-in periods, numbers of subjects and variable endpoints) the study selection for Apligraf, Dermagraft, Grafix and Epifix used inclusion/exclusion criteria from Samsell et al. For Actigraft, study selection was limited to a pilot study. to the four (4) other advanced products analyzed. However, the ActiGraft data sourced from a pilot study presents limitations for comparison with studies meeting Samsell’s criteria. It is the authors’ intention to update this analysis when future published studies meet this benchmark.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45599637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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