Pub Date : 2020-09-09DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.06.555677
Muhammad Adnan
In all over the world rose plants are most widely cultivated and supreme plants among all ornamental plants. However, production and quality are poor due to insufficient knowledge, non-technical skills and the most important inadequate dose and application of method of fertilizers application. The quality and yield of roses directly depends on the balanced and proper application of macro and micronutrients. Most of the traditional framers prefers to apply nutrients in soil but it causes many losses. Therefore, application of fertilizer through an efficient method allows the plant to absorb the nutrients in shorter time. Foliar fertilization is the most appropriate method of providing balanced plant nutrition in horticulture. It provides the immediate translocation of nutrients to various plant organs via leaf tissues under various nutrient deficiencies. The present review focuses on the role of foliar application of macro and micronutrients on yield and quality of roses and demonstrates that foliar application of macro and micronutrients have great impact on roses growth, yield and quality.
{"title":"Does Foliar Application of Macro and Micronutrients Have Any Impact on Roses Production? A Review","authors":"Muhammad Adnan","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.06.555677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.06.555677","url":null,"abstract":"In all over the world rose plants are most widely cultivated and supreme plants among all ornamental plants. However, production and quality are poor due to insufficient knowledge, non-technical skills and the most important inadequate dose and application of method of fertilizers application. The quality and yield of roses directly depends on the balanced and proper application of macro and micronutrients. Most of the traditional framers prefers to apply nutrients in soil but it causes many losses. Therefore, application of fertilizer through an efficient method allows the plant to absorb the nutrients in shorter time. Foliar fertilization is the most appropriate method of providing balanced plant nutrition in horticulture. It provides the immediate translocation of nutrients to various plant organs via leaf tissues under various nutrient deficiencies. The present review focuses on the role of foliar application of macro and micronutrients on yield and quality of roses and demonstrates that foliar application of macro and micronutrients have great impact on roses growth, yield and quality.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44112393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-28DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.06.555676
K. C. Ghazali
Male breast carcinoma is indeed a rare in predominantly female dominated breast carcinoma. Intraductal papillary carcinoma is an architectural pattern of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) without invasion into the breast stroma. We present a case of 72-year-old male with underlying benign prostatic hyperplasia on 5-alpha reductase inhibitor medication, who had presented with unilateral breast swelling and nipple discharge. While working up for breast carcinoma, there was an incidental finding of prostatic mass from computed tomography. Further assessment from transrectal ultrasound guided (TRUS) biopsy of prostate revealed prostatic adenocarcinoma. Hence, this case highlights the possible etiopathogenic relation between breast and prostate carcinoma.
{"title":"Double Trouble: A Synchronous Male Breast Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma with Prostatic Adenocarcinoma","authors":"K. C. Ghazali","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.06.555676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.06.555676","url":null,"abstract":"Male breast carcinoma is indeed a rare in predominantly female dominated breast carcinoma. Intraductal papillary carcinoma is an architectural pattern of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) without invasion into the breast stroma. We present a case of 72-year-old male with underlying benign prostatic hyperplasia on 5-alpha reductase inhibitor medication, who had presented with unilateral breast swelling and nipple discharge. While working up for breast carcinoma, there was an incidental finding of prostatic mass from computed tomography. Further assessment from transrectal ultrasound guided (TRUS) biopsy of prostate revealed prostatic adenocarcinoma. Hence, this case highlights the possible etiopathogenic relation between breast and prostate carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49104949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-19DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.05.555675
V. Değer
Hypertension is a chronic disease that is prioritized for public health since it is a preventable and controllable disease as well as leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide [1]. Hypertension [2], one of the leading risk factors for preventable causes of death, accounts for 6% of adult deaths worldwide [3,4]. According to the World Health Organization, hypertension ranks first among the preventable causes of death in the world [5]. The prevalence of hypertension tends to increase with age, rising sharply after age 50, and affecting 50% of this population [5]. Unless effective measures are taken, the prevalence of hypertension will continue to increase as the world population grows older [3]. Epidemiological data indicate that the prevalence of hypertension which is 20-25% at the age of 30s is increased significantly with age, reaching 50% at the age of 60 and over [6]. Approximately 7.1 million deaths per year are thought to be caused by hypertension [5]. There are only 3 large scale studies that will provide information on the prevalence of hypertension. Of these studies, the oldest but THE one with the longest follow-up period is the TEKHARF. Other studies are Turkey Hypertension Prevalence Study (a patent study) and Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Survey among Turkish Adults (METSAR). According to the results of TEKHARF study, the prevalence of hypertension is 33.7% in Turkey. This rate varies from one region to the other. While it is less than 30% in Southern Anatolia, it is more than 40% in Northern Anatolia. When the adult population was evaluated according to gender and decades of age, it was found that the prevalence of hypertension is increased by aging and is more common among the women of every age group than men. According to the results of the Turkey Hypertension Prevalence Study (a patent study), it is seen that the prevalence of hypertension is 31.8% in terms of age and gender. The prevalence was found to be higher than Abstract
{"title":"The Prevalence of Hypertension among Individuals Aged Between 20-65 Years and Affecting Factors","authors":"V. Değer","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.05.555675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.05.555675","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is a chronic disease that is prioritized for public health since it is a preventable and controllable disease as well as leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide [1]. Hypertension [2], one of the leading risk factors for preventable causes of death, accounts for 6% of adult deaths worldwide [3,4]. According to the World Health Organization, hypertension ranks first among the preventable causes of death in the world [5]. The prevalence of hypertension tends to increase with age, rising sharply after age 50, and affecting 50% of this population [5]. Unless effective measures are taken, the prevalence of hypertension will continue to increase as the world population grows older [3]. Epidemiological data indicate that the prevalence of hypertension which is 20-25% at the age of 30s is increased significantly with age, reaching 50% at the age of 60 and over [6]. Approximately 7.1 million deaths per year are thought to be caused by hypertension [5]. There are only 3 large scale studies that will provide information on the prevalence of hypertension. Of these studies, the oldest but THE one with the longest follow-up period is the TEKHARF. Other studies are Turkey Hypertension Prevalence Study (a patent study) and Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Survey among Turkish Adults (METSAR). According to the results of TEKHARF study, the prevalence of hypertension is 33.7% in Turkey. This rate varies from one region to the other. While it is less than 30% in Southern Anatolia, it is more than 40% in Northern Anatolia. When the adult population was evaluated according to gender and decades of age, it was found that the prevalence of hypertension is increased by aging and is more common among the women of every age group than men. According to the results of the Turkey Hypertension Prevalence Study (a patent study), it is seen that the prevalence of hypertension is 31.8% in terms of age and gender. The prevalence was found to be higher than Abstract","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46555012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-08DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.05.555674
H. Kim
Bitterlings (subfamily Acheilognathinae) are small cyprinid fishes with specialized spawning habits; they deposit their eggs on the gills of freshwater mussels using their ovipositors. This study on spawning host-selection in two sympatric bitterling species, Acheilognathus macropterus and Rhodeus ocellatus , was conducted in the Bulgapcheon Stream, Korea, where four mussel species coexisted. After analyzing the four mussel species immediately after spawning, we discovered that the two bitterlings used only two mussel species as their spawning hosts, Anodonta arcaeformis and A. were predominantly found in the suprabranchial chambers of the two mussel species, and the larvae were even seen in their gill chambers. In contrast, the embryos and larvae of were almost exclusively found in one region of the mussel gill chamber, unlike the two regions used by . The present study indicate that the relationships between bitterlings and their hosts are closely associated with several factors such as ovipositor length, egg sizes, egg adhesiveness, and the coexisting mussels’ ecological habitat.
{"title":"Host selection and Change of Skin Surface for Spawning Adaptation of Two Sympatric Bitterling Species","authors":"H. Kim","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.05.555674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.05.555674","url":null,"abstract":"Bitterlings (subfamily Acheilognathinae) are small cyprinid fishes with specialized spawning habits; they deposit their eggs on the gills of freshwater mussels using their ovipositors. This study on spawning host-selection in two sympatric bitterling species, Acheilognathus macropterus and Rhodeus ocellatus , was conducted in the Bulgapcheon Stream, Korea, where four mussel species coexisted. After analyzing the four mussel species immediately after spawning, we discovered that the two bitterlings used only two mussel species as their spawning hosts, Anodonta arcaeformis and A. were predominantly found in the suprabranchial chambers of the two mussel species, and the larvae were even seen in their gill chambers. In contrast, the embryos and larvae of were almost exclusively found in one region of the mussel gill chamber, unlike the two regions used by . The present study indicate that the relationships between bitterlings and their hosts are closely associated with several factors such as ovipositor length, egg sizes, egg adhesiveness, and the coexisting mussels’ ecological habitat.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44771495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.05.555673
K. Voinov
As we know, people constantly seek the planet where is maybe even very small amount of water. We usually assure why a man try to find a planet where the water is present: because of the water is life. Many scholars suppose that if in the definite place there is water and there is any life. And they are right. It is common knowledge, that water is the real source of life. But it helps us to get different food (fish /with meet and fat, salt, chemical elements, edible seaweeds and so forth /). We use it in many technological processes (in metallurgy, medicine, roadbuilding, in hydraulic systems, preparing our food and so on). Moreover, water permits to diminish the bad influence from the carcinogenic exhaust gases and harmful evaporations. Especially attention in this article it will be devoted to save fresh air against poison gases and bad evaporations for the people and living creatures using for this important aim only water. .
{"title":"Water as our life and Helper","authors":"K. Voinov","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.05.555673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.05.555673","url":null,"abstract":"As we know, people constantly seek the planet where is maybe even very small amount of water. We usually assure why a man try to find a planet where the water is present: because of the water is life. Many scholars suppose that if in the definite place there is water and there is any life. And they are right. It is common knowledge, that water is the real source of life. But it helps us to get different food (fish /with meet and fat, salt, chemical elements, edible seaweeds and so forth /). We use it in many technological processes (in metallurgy, medicine, roadbuilding, in hydraulic systems, preparing our food and so on). Moreover, water permits to diminish the bad influence from the carcinogenic exhaust gases and harmful evaporations. Especially attention in this article it will be devoted to save fresh air against poison gases and bad evaporations for the people and living creatures using for this important aim only water. .","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-18DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.05.555671
D. Mabeya
This study investigated the social and cultural integration of the South Sudanese “Lost Boys” living in the greater Kansas City area. The “Lost Boys” are South Sudanese refugees who immigrated to the United States assisted by the U.S. government, a result of intensely bloody and protracted warfare in their home country then known as Sudan (now South Sudan). The purpose of this study was to find their social and cultural integration experiences in the greater Kansas area after resettlement in 2000. Information was collected from forty Boys. The specific goal of the study was to understand their immersion in social/cultural activities during their fourteen-plus years living in the U.S. The study used semi-structured interviews to elucidate their participation using qualitative research methods.
{"title":"A Sociological Peregrination of Cultural Immersion of the South Sudanese “Lost Boys” in the greater Kansas City Area","authors":"D. Mabeya","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.05.555671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2020.05.555671","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the social and cultural integration of the South Sudanese “Lost Boys” living in the greater Kansas City area. The “Lost Boys” are South Sudanese refugees who immigrated to the United States assisted by the U.S. government, a result of intensely bloody and protracted warfare in their home country then known as Sudan (now South Sudan). The purpose of this study was to find their social and cultural integration experiences in the greater Kansas area after resettlement in 2000. Information was collected from forty Boys. The specific goal of the study was to understand their immersion in social/cultural activities during their fourteen-plus years living in the U.S. The study used semi-structured interviews to elucidate their participation using qualitative research methods.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68370795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2020-03-10DOI: 10.19080/arr.2020.05.555670
Victoria Williams, Nashira Brown, Alahni Becks, Dori Pekmezi, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
This narrative review of web-delivered weight management, diet quality, and physical activity interventions for cancer survivors relies on a systematic search of PubMed, Psych Info, and EBSCOhost which identified 19 unique web-delivered lifestyle interventions for cancer survivors. The sample sizes for these studies ranged from 11-492. Intervention duration ranged from 1-12 months; however, most interventions were 6-12 weeks in length. Ten studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), two were two-arm quasi RCTs, and seven employed a single-arm pre/post-test design. Many (N= 15) of the interventions were well-grounded in behavioral theory, which may have led to favorable behavior change. Most studies (15-of-19) targeted and reported increases in physical activity, while only a few targeted and reported improvements in diet quality (36.9% and 15.8%, respectively) and weight management (26.3% and 10.5%, respectively). A notable limitation was that most studies were conducted among populations that were primarily White and female. Future directions for Internet-based lifestyle interventions for cancer survivors include increasing: (a) focus on multiple behavior change, (b) representation of male and minority populations to improve generalizability of findings, (c) extended intervention duration and follow-up to evaluate long-term efficacy of web-based lifestyle interventions, and (d) sample size to allow for adequate statistical power.
{"title":"Narrative Review of Web-based Healthy Lifestyle Interventions for Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Victoria Williams, Nashira Brown, Alahni Becks, Dori Pekmezi, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried","doi":"10.19080/arr.2020.05.555670","DOIUrl":"10.19080/arr.2020.05.555670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review of web-delivered weight management, diet quality, and physical activity interventions for cancer survivors relies on a systematic search of PubMed, Psych Info, and EBSCOhost which identified 19 unique web-delivered lifestyle interventions for cancer survivors. The sample sizes for these studies ranged from 11-492. Intervention duration ranged from 1-12 months; however, most interventions were 6-12 weeks in length. Ten studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), two were two-arm quasi RCTs, and seven employed a single-arm pre/post-test design. Many (N= 15) of the interventions were well-grounded in behavioral theory, which may have led to favorable behavior change. Most studies (15-of-19) targeted and reported increases in physical activity, while only a few targeted and reported improvements in diet quality (36.9% and 15.8%, respectively) and weight management (26.3% and 10.5%, respectively). A notable limitation was that most studies were conducted among populations that were primarily White and female. Future directions for Internet-based lifestyle interventions for cancer survivors include increasing: (a) focus on multiple behavior change, (b) representation of male and minority populations to improve generalizability of findings, (c) extended intervention duration and follow-up to evaluate long-term efficacy of web-based lifestyle interventions, and (d) sample size to allow for adequate statistical power.</p>","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7720895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38690641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-25DOI: 10.19080/arr.2018.04.555664
C. Zwerling
A Retrospective Analysis of Contemporary Trends from the NRMP Program Director Surveys: A Call to Action. Every year, thousands of medical students around the world embark on the next step of their medical journey as they transition from medical school to residency. While Match Day can be an exciting time of year for many soon-to-graduate medical students, not all applicants share this sentiment as they discover they were left without a training position. In 2012, to help facilitate the matching of candidates who found themselves without a training position, the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) launched the Match Week Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program® (SOAP®)replacing what was once colloquially known as, the “scramble.” Using SOAP, eligible unmatched candidates may then apply to any remaining unfilled positions using the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS®). However, every year, still a portion of graduates go unmatched and are left with their future in medicine uncertain.
{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis of Contemporary Trends from the NRMP Program Director Surveys : A Call to Action","authors":"C. Zwerling","doi":"10.19080/arr.2018.04.555664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2018.04.555664","url":null,"abstract":"A Retrospective Analysis of Contemporary Trends from the NRMP Program Director Surveys: A Call to Action. Every year, thousands of medical students around the world embark on the next step of their medical journey as they transition from medical school to residency. While Match Day can be an exciting time of year for many soon-to-graduate medical students, not all applicants share this sentiment as they discover they were left without a training position. In 2012, to help facilitate the matching of candidates who found themselves without a training position, the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) launched the Match Week Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program® (SOAP®)replacing what was once colloquially known as, the “scramble.” Using SOAP, eligible unmatched candidates may then apply to any remaining unfilled positions using the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS®). However, every year, still a portion of graduates go unmatched and are left with their future in medicine uncertain.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44337030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-19DOI: 10.19080/arr.2018.04.555663
W. Cui
Since Wright Brothers’ first flight, aerial vehicles have been improved rapidly. Because manned vehicles are usually difficult to design due to complex layout, high cost, and low efficiency, unmanned vehicles like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) developed rapidly and separately in the past several decades. There are two main types of UUVs, i.e., AUVs and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). UAVs and AUVs comprise a large part of unmanned vehicles. In order to expand working domains of unmanned vehicles, aquatic UAVs have been developed. Easy transitions between air and water make them flexible and latent. There are many problems in the design of aquatic UAVs. For instance, in the air, the power demand of an aquatic UAV is usually large because it has to overcome its gravity, so diesel engines are suitable for UAVs; while in the water, the gravity can be offset by the buoyancy so the electric engine can satisfy the needed power; then using which type of engines becomes a problem. A partially functional aquatic UAV is usually hard to design, and more problems like the communication problems, fuselage shape problems, and design of the switching algorithms will occur if it is a fully functional aquatic UAV. There are some other names like amphibious UAV [1] and unmanned aerial-aquatic vehicle [2], but we use aquatic UAV in this paper to define those unmanned vehicles which can fly in the air and in the water. Many innovations to solve design problems of aquatic UAVs are bio-inspired, because many animals are able to dive and fly, like gannets, flying fish and cormorants [3-7]. But how to maintain a long time travelling in both domains is still an unsolved problem. Before reviewing the developments of aquatic UAVs, this paper first briefly introduces the developments of UAVs and AUVs separately. Then this paper discusses problems in the design of aquatic UAVs and give some bio-inspired solutions. In the end, this paper discusses some promising conceptual prototypes. The rest of this paper is arranged as follows. Section 2 is the introduction to potential applications of aquatic UAVs. Section 3 introduces developments and main types of AUVs, and Section 4 describes developments and main types of UAVs. Section 5 introduces two categorizing methods for aquatic UAVs. Section 6 discusses some designing problems including control problems, take-off and landing problems, and communication problems. Section 7 shows some promising conceptual designs and Section 8 makes a summary on the key problems of designing an aquatic UAV.
{"title":"An Overview on Aquatic Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","authors":"W. Cui","doi":"10.19080/arr.2018.04.555663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2018.04.555663","url":null,"abstract":"Since Wright Brothers’ first flight, aerial vehicles have been improved rapidly. Because manned vehicles are usually difficult to design due to complex layout, high cost, and low efficiency, unmanned vehicles like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) developed rapidly and separately in the past several decades. There are two main types of UUVs, i.e., AUVs and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). UAVs and AUVs comprise a large part of unmanned vehicles. In order to expand working domains of unmanned vehicles, aquatic UAVs have been developed. Easy transitions between air and water make them flexible and latent. There are many problems in the design of aquatic UAVs. For instance, in the air, the power demand of an aquatic UAV is usually large because it has to overcome its gravity, so diesel engines are suitable for UAVs; while in the water, the gravity can be offset by the buoyancy so the electric engine can satisfy the needed power; then using which type of engines becomes a problem. A partially functional aquatic UAV is usually hard to design, and more problems like the communication problems, fuselage shape problems, and design of the switching algorithms will occur if it is a fully functional aquatic UAV. There are some other names like amphibious UAV [1] and unmanned aerial-aquatic vehicle [2], but we use aquatic UAV in this paper to define those unmanned vehicles which can fly in the air and in the water. Many innovations to solve design problems of aquatic UAVs are bio-inspired, because many animals are able to dive and fly, like gannets, flying fish and cormorants [3-7]. But how to maintain a long time travelling in both domains is still an unsolved problem. Before reviewing the developments of aquatic UAVs, this paper first briefly introduces the developments of UAVs and AUVs separately. Then this paper discusses problems in the design of aquatic UAVs and give some bio-inspired solutions. In the end, this paper discusses some promising conceptual prototypes. The rest of this paper is arranged as follows. Section 2 is the introduction to potential applications of aquatic UAVs. Section 3 introduces developments and main types of AUVs, and Section 4 describes developments and main types of UAVs. Section 5 introduces two categorizing methods for aquatic UAVs. Section 6 discusses some designing problems including control problems, take-off and landing problems, and communication problems. Section 7 shows some promising conceptual designs and Section 8 makes a summary on the key problems of designing an aquatic UAV.","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48630576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-13DOI: 10.19080/arr.2018.04.555662
Bobby Joseph
Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) is a rare form of breast cancer that tends to occur in postmenopausal women [1,3]. It has a peak prevalence between 40 and 75 with a mean age of 55 at diagnosis [2]. Symptoms include a palpable mass or bloody discharge [2,4]. Papillary carcinoma tends to have a better prognosis than other forms of breast carcinomas, likely due to their slow growth rate [3]. The 10-year survival rate has been reported to be 100% [3]. Diagnosis is made more difficult as neither mammography nor ultrasound are sensitive or specific to determine malignancy [4]. Histopathology is required for definitive diagnosis and can help to elucidate the subtype. When the tumors have cystic components, they are known as intracystic papillary carcinomas [3]. When cellular proliferation has masked the basic papillary properties, it is termed solid papillary carcinoma [2]. Abstract
{"title":"Solid Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast: Mammographic and Ultrasound Appearance with Histopathologic Correlation","authors":"Bobby Joseph","doi":"10.19080/arr.2018.04.555662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/arr.2018.04.555662","url":null,"abstract":"Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) is a rare form of breast cancer that tends to occur in postmenopausal women [1,3]. It has a peak prevalence between 40 and 75 with a mean age of 55 at diagnosis [2]. Symptoms include a palpable mass or bloody discharge [2,4]. Papillary carcinoma tends to have a better prognosis than other forms of breast carcinomas, likely due to their slow growth rate [3]. The 10-year survival rate has been reported to be 100% [3]. Diagnosis is made more difficult as neither mammography nor ultrasound are sensitive or specific to determine malignancy [4]. Histopathology is required for definitive diagnosis and can help to elucidate the subtype. When the tumors have cystic components, they are known as intracystic papillary carcinomas [3]. When cellular proliferation has masked the basic papillary properties, it is termed solid papillary carcinoma [2]. Abstract","PeriodicalId":93074,"journal":{"name":"Annals of reviews and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46309782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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