Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1599306
David R. Dockery, Erin Ryan, K. Kappenman, Matt Blank
Abstract Installing effective fish passage structures that provide connectivity for Arctic grayling is a promising conservation strategy for imperiled populations. The swimming abilities and behaviour of age 1+ adfluvial grayling from Montana were examined in an open-channel flume to provide design information for passage structures. Swimming behaviours and distance of ascent (Dmax) in a 12.25 m section was measured at four velocities (0.49, 1.04, 1.43, 2.26 m/s) at an average temperature of 11.3 °C (SD = 0.7); effects of fish length and time of day were also examined. Median Dmax was equal to 12.25 m for all treatments except the 2.26 m/s treatment, where it dropped to 4.5 m. Average fish swimming velocities increased from 0.85 to 2.97 m/s from the lowest to the highest velocity treatments and the maximum velocity observed was 4.03 m/s. Survival model parameterization allowed prediction of the proportion passing relative to distance for covariate values within the range tested. There was strong evidence Dmax was related to water velocity (p < 0.001) and an 82% decrease in Dmax is estimated for every 1 m/s increase in water velocity. There was no evidence for relationships among distance of ascent and fish length (p = 0.91) or time of day (p = 0.81).
{"title":"Swimming performance of Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus Pallas) in an open-channel flume","authors":"David R. Dockery, Erin Ryan, K. Kappenman, Matt Blank","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1599306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1599306","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Installing effective fish passage structures that provide connectivity for Arctic grayling is a promising conservation strategy for imperiled populations. The swimming abilities and behaviour of age 1+ adfluvial grayling from Montana were examined in an open-channel flume to provide design information for passage structures. Swimming behaviours and distance of ascent (Dmax) in a 12.25 m section was measured at four velocities (0.49, 1.04, 1.43, 2.26 m/s) at an average temperature of 11.3 °C (SD = 0.7); effects of fish length and time of day were also examined. Median Dmax was equal to 12.25 m for all treatments except the 2.26 m/s treatment, where it dropped to 4.5 m. Average fish swimming velocities increased from 0.85 to 2.97 m/s from the lowest to the highest velocity treatments and the maximum velocity observed was 4.03 m/s. Survival model parameterization allowed prediction of the proportion passing relative to distance for covariate values within the range tested. There was strong evidence Dmax was related to water velocity (p < 0.001) and an 82% decrease in Dmax is estimated for every 1 m/s increase in water velocity. There was no evidence for relationships among distance of ascent and fish length (p = 0.91) or time of day (p = 0.81).","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"25 1","pages":"31 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84414660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1652706
A. Baki, D. Zhu, A. Harwood, A. Lewis, Katie Healey
Abstract Nature-like fishways have been installed at many migration barriers in recent years to mitigate the effects of human development and habitat fragmentation on fish. The design of these fishways determines the flow characteristics and ultimately the success of these passage facilities. This study numerically investigates the hydraulic properties associated with small passage openings (notch) that are provided in rock-weir-type fishways. Two distinct flow regimes, weir and transitional, were identified. The rock-weir with notch ensured suitable hydraulics for fish migration and sufficient fish resting areas in weir pools. A dimensionless weir coefficient was introduced to existing depth–discharge relationships to compute the weir flow more accurately. A reduction factor for the maximum velocity was also proposed as a function of discharge. This study optimized the design of rock-weir fishways considering passage notches based on fish resting zones, volumetric dissipated power, and performance for upstream fish migration.
{"title":"Hydraulic design aspects of rock-weir fishways with notch for habitat connectivity","authors":"A. Baki, D. Zhu, A. Harwood, A. Lewis, Katie Healey","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1652706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1652706","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nature-like fishways have been installed at many migration barriers in recent years to mitigate the effects of human development and habitat fragmentation on fish. The design of these fishways determines the flow characteristics and ultimately the success of these passage facilities. This study numerically investigates the hydraulic properties associated with small passage openings (notch) that are provided in rock-weir-type fishways. Two distinct flow regimes, weir and transitional, were identified. The rock-weir with notch ensured suitable hydraulics for fish migration and sufficient fish resting areas in weir pools. A dimensionless weir coefficient was introduced to existing depth–discharge relationships to compute the weir flow more accurately. A reduction factor for the maximum velocity was also proposed as a function of discharge. This study optimized the design of rock-weir fishways considering passage notches based on fish resting zones, volumetric dissipated power, and performance for upstream fish migration.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"16 1","pages":"109 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89163993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1634499
Nuosha Zhang, I. Rutherfurd, M. Ghisalberti
Abstract It is well established that riparian trees reduce bank erosion. However, fallen trees can increase bank erosion as the flow is deflected and accelerated between the log and its root-plate and the bank face, increasing the boundary shear stress and eroding the bank. This erosion contributes to hydraulic variability but can also be a concern in restoring wood loads in rivers. In this first quantitative study into this phenomenon, we develop a theoretical hydraulic model to estimate the near-bank velocity around a single log using principles of continuity and energy loss for a range of log characteristics (morphology, angle, distance from the bank) and flow characteristics. Flume experiments support the theoretical model and suggest that a single log can almost double the near-bank velocity. The fractional channel area taken up by the log (blockage ratio) and the distance between the log and the bank are key factors governing the near-bank velocity. The smaller the angle of the log with the bank the lower the erosion rate, but also the further downstream the erosion extends. As the morphology of the log changes after falling into the channel, bank erosion potentially develops quickly, but slows over time; and migrates downstream.
{"title":"Effect of instream logs on bank erosion potential: a flume study with a single log","authors":"Nuosha Zhang, I. Rutherfurd, M. Ghisalberti","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1634499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1634499","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is well established that riparian trees reduce bank erosion. However, fallen trees can increase bank erosion as the flow is deflected and accelerated between the log and its root-plate and the bank face, increasing the boundary shear stress and eroding the bank. This erosion contributes to hydraulic variability but can also be a concern in restoring wood loads in rivers. In this first quantitative study into this phenomenon, we develop a theoretical hydraulic model to estimate the near-bank velocity around a single log using principles of continuity and energy loss for a range of log characteristics (morphology, angle, distance from the bank) and flow characteristics. Flume experiments support the theoretical model and suggest that a single log can almost double the near-bank velocity. The fractional channel area taken up by the log (blockage ratio) and the distance between the log and the bank are key factors governing the near-bank velocity. The smaller the angle of the log with the bank the lower the erosion rate, but also the further downstream the erosion extends. As the morphology of the log changes after falling into the channel, bank erosion potentially develops quickly, but slows over time; and migrates downstream.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"84 1","pages":"43 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89431972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1680320
W. Gostner, W. Annable, Anton Schleiss, M. Paternolli
Abstract Concurrent rehabilitation alternatives were evaluated for a 1900 m reach of the River Etsch in northern Italy using a recently developed Hydro Morphological Index of Diversity (HMID) model. HMID is a new tool enabling quantitative assessments of river restoration alternatives on ecologically relevant scales. The model is able to characterize both the spatial and temporal hydrodynamic variability, in relation to morphological characteristics, and thereby to assess the overall physical habitat variability imparted by different restoration alternatives. Three habitat alternatives were evaluated (boulder clusters, groynes, alternating bars) and compared to existing conditions where a prismatic channel exists. The placement of boulder clusters represented the simplest and cheapest option to implement but produced marginal improvements in the aquatic habitat. Installation of groynes resulted in moderate increases to spatial habitat variability, resulting in the largest capital investment. The introduction of alternating bars within a modestly increased channel width produced the greatest increase in physical habitat diversity and thus morphodynamic complexity while resulting in moderate capital investment construction costs compared to a full geomorphic restoration. The alternating bar rehabilitation alternative also supported the greatest habitat diversity and lowest variation in hydraulic conditions under low-flow conditions.
{"title":"A case-study evaluating river rehabilitation alternatives and habitat heterogeneity using the hydromorphological index of diversity","authors":"W. Gostner, W. Annable, Anton Schleiss, M. Paternolli","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1680320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1680320","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Concurrent rehabilitation alternatives were evaluated for a 1900 m reach of the River Etsch in northern Italy using a recently developed Hydro Morphological Index of Diversity (HMID) model. HMID is a new tool enabling quantitative assessments of river restoration alternatives on ecologically relevant scales. The model is able to characterize both the spatial and temporal hydrodynamic variability, in relation to morphological characteristics, and thereby to assess the overall physical habitat variability imparted by different restoration alternatives. Three habitat alternatives were evaluated (boulder clusters, groynes, alternating bars) and compared to existing conditions where a prismatic channel exists. The placement of boulder clusters represented the simplest and cheapest option to implement but produced marginal improvements in the aquatic habitat. Installation of groynes resulted in moderate increases to spatial habitat variability, resulting in the largest capital investment. The introduction of alternating bars within a modestly increased channel width produced the greatest increase in physical habitat diversity and thus morphodynamic complexity while resulting in moderate capital investment construction costs compared to a full geomorphic restoration. The alternating bar rehabilitation alternative also supported the greatest habitat diversity and lowest variation in hydraulic conditions under low-flow conditions.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"17 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75159295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1658137
Marie-Pierre Gosselin, V. Ouellet, A. Harby, J. Nestler
Abstract Increasing awareness of the complexity of river ecosystems has led to the emergence of integrative disciplines that combine topics in river physical and ecological processes, exemplified by the disciplines of ecohydrology, hydroecology and ecohydraulics. However, the names of these disciplines are often referred to interchangeably without attention paid to their meaning. This ambiguity impairs the efficient development and widespread promotion of these fields of study and their applications. To address this issue, we strive to clarify the definitions and contributions of the different disciplines. This is done by exploring their interrelationships and providing a reference for the integration of disciplines in these evolving fields. Finally, we advocate for ecohydrology and ecohydraulics to be considered complementary, and not duplicative, disciplines within river science. We further argue that awareness of their similarities and differences is important to address key issues in river science and to ensure ecohydraulics finds its positioning with respect to other disciplines, as well as current and emerging societal and scientific challenges, such as climate change.
{"title":"Advancing ecohydraulics and ecohydrology by clarifying the role of their component interdisciplines","authors":"Marie-Pierre Gosselin, V. Ouellet, A. Harby, J. Nestler","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1658137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1658137","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increasing awareness of the complexity of river ecosystems has led to the emergence of integrative disciplines that combine topics in river physical and ecological processes, exemplified by the disciplines of ecohydrology, hydroecology and ecohydraulics. However, the names of these disciplines are often referred to interchangeably without attention paid to their meaning. This ambiguity impairs the efficient development and widespread promotion of these fields of study and their applications. To address this issue, we strive to clarify the definitions and contributions of the different disciplines. This is done by exploring their interrelationships and providing a reference for the integration of disciplines in these evolving fields. Finally, we advocate for ecohydrology and ecohydraulics to be considered complementary, and not duplicative, disciplines within river science. We further argue that awareness of their similarities and differences is important to address key issues in river science and to ensure ecohydraulics finds its positioning with respect to other disciplines, as well as current and emerging societal and scientific challenges, such as climate change.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"1 1","pages":"172 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24705357.2019.1658137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72516624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1663714
Bhagya Nallaperuma, T. Asaeda
Abstract River regulation affects downstream riparian vegetation dynamics. This paper investigates changes in vegetation cover along a steep reach of the Kitakami river in Japan, below the Gosho dam. Historical aerial imagery covering 60-years of both the pre- and post- dam construction phases is used to document land cover evolution. Changes in riparian forest cover are evaluated in relation to the corresponding hydrological regimes. A long-term trend in forest cover encroachment was revealed and a temporal correlation analysis confirmed a clear association with the modified water and sediment regime downstream of the dam. In addition, a numerical simulation of changes in spatial tree distribution using the dynamic riparian vegetation model (DRIPVEM) was undertaken. Validation of the simulation using the Kappa statistic showed a moderate-to-substantial agreement between model output and the photographic record.
{"title":"Long-term changes in riparian forest cover under a dam-induced flow scheme: the accompanying a numerical modelling perspective","authors":"Bhagya Nallaperuma, T. Asaeda","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1663714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1663714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract River regulation affects downstream riparian vegetation dynamics. This paper investigates changes in vegetation cover along a steep reach of the Kitakami river in Japan, below the Gosho dam. Historical aerial imagery covering 60-years of both the pre- and post- dam construction phases is used to document land cover evolution. Changes in riparian forest cover are evaluated in relation to the corresponding hydrological regimes. A long-term trend in forest cover encroachment was revealed and a temporal correlation analysis confirmed a clear association with the modified water and sediment regime downstream of the dam. In addition, a numerical simulation of changes in spatial tree distribution using the dynamic riparian vegetation model (DRIPVEM) was undertaken. Validation of the simulation using the Kappa statistic showed a moderate-to-substantial agreement between model output and the photographic record.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"161 1","pages":"106 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74257607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1644977
Jinlong Liu, G. Kattel, Zhongjing Wang, Mengzhen Xu
Abstract China‘s rivers are highly regulated. The biodiversity and ecosystems of these rivers are threatened by barriers restricting fish movements for reproduction and foraging. To overcome this challenge, several fishways are built across the country. However, the status of fishways is not well investigated. Based on published articles, library archives, and public interviews, we have identified type, location and period of fishways construction. We have then evaluated the performance of fishways. Up until 2018, the total number of fishways in China was estimated to be 150, where 82 of them have been analyzed in this study. The pool-type fishway is the most dominant fishway type, which accounts for 83%. The slope pattern of the 49 pool-type fishways shows that the slope tends to decrease with increasing lifting height. The performance of the fishways was best observed by the successful crossing of different species of fish in Yangtze and Pearl River basins when the slopes were 1:63–1:95. When many dams in China are already facing critical challenges for adopting the right type of fishways, the pool-type fishways with variable adjustments of slopes could be an effective option for successful fish migrations in regulated river systems.
{"title":"Artificial fishways and their performances in China’s regulated river systems: a historical synthesis","authors":"Jinlong Liu, G. Kattel, Zhongjing Wang, Mengzhen Xu","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1644977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1644977","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract China‘s rivers are highly regulated. The biodiversity and ecosystems of these rivers are threatened by barriers restricting fish movements for reproduction and foraging. To overcome this challenge, several fishways are built across the country. However, the status of fishways is not well investigated. Based on published articles, library archives, and public interviews, we have identified type, location and period of fishways construction. We have then evaluated the performance of fishways. Up until 2018, the total number of fishways in China was estimated to be 150, where 82 of them have been analyzed in this study. The pool-type fishway is the most dominant fishway type, which accounts for 83%. The slope pattern of the 49 pool-type fishways shows that the slope tends to decrease with increasing lifting height. The performance of the fishways was best observed by the successful crossing of different species of fish in Yangtze and Pearl River basins when the slopes were 1:63–1:95. When many dams in China are already facing critical challenges for adopting the right type of fishways, the pool-type fishways with variable adjustments of slopes could be an effective option for successful fish migrations in regulated river systems.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"22 1","pages":"158 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85612751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1697845
S. Fukuda, N. Tanaka, Y. Yasuda, R. Tsubaki, K. Muraoka, T. Asaeda
Ecohydraulics as a research discipline deals with a wide range of topics related to water and ecosystems, thereby contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations as pointed out in Findkakis (2017). In Ecohydraulics, interdisciplinary approaches based on hydraulics, hydrology, geomorphology, and aquatic and riparian ecology have been adopted in order to tackle real-world problems in aquatic ecosystems that have complex, inter-related dynamics in space and time (Maddock et al. 2013). The importance of interdisciplinary approaches has now been widely recognized for solving water-related issues in the world specifically by working with nature (WWAP/UN-Water, 2018; Katopodis and Aadland 2006). With such global trends becoming more evident and advances in technology, ecological, biological as well as physical sciences occurring more rapidly, the context was set in organizing the 12 International Symposium on Ecohydraulics (ISE2018) was held in Tokyo, Japan from August 19 to 24, 2018. There was large attendance with a total of 484 participants from 35 countries. More than 400 papers including 6 plenary talks were presented. The plenary talks delivered in the symposium were as follows: “Passage for diadromous fishes” by Prof. Katsumi Tsukamoto (Nihon University, Japan), “Use of nearcensus ecohydraulics in river restoration” by Prof. Gregory B. Pasternack (UC Davis, USA), “How vegetation ecohydrology is changing river management: a primer for all” by Dr. Matthew O’Hare (Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), UK), “Genomic tools in freshwater ecosystem research and monitoring” by Dr. Michael Monaghan (Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Germany), “The 2018 Brisbane Declaration and Global Action Agenda: A global status report and call for e-flows scientists and engineers to engage” by Prof. Michael McClain (IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands), and “The Ecohydraulics of River Basins” by Prof. Michael Stewardson (University of Melbourne, Australia). The six keynotes on river vegetation, river restoration, genomics, e-flows and fish passage aimed to provide a deeper understanding of these topics and to foster research activities in the Ecohydraulic Community. Special Sessions, targeting specific ecohydraulic topics, were organized by many ecohydraulicians from around the globe. In addition to these major topics in Ecohydraulics, we observed three emerging topics in the symposium, namely innovative measurement techniques, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR), and advanced genomics. Innovative measurement techniques such as image-based, optoelectronic and hydroacoustic methods are emerging together with the development of advanced machine learning. Such a development should lead to innovative monitoring systems which can provide new data for a deeper understanding of complex ecological and hydrodynamic phenomena as well as the development of advanced modelling approach
生态水力学作为一门研究学科，涉及与水和生态系统相关的广泛主题，从而为Findkakis(2017)指出的联合国可持续发展目标(sdg)做出贡献。在生态水力学中，采用了基于水力学、水文学、地貌学、水生和河岸生态学的跨学科方法，以解决在空间和时间上具有复杂的、相互关联的动态的水生生态系统中的现实问题(Maddock et al. 2013)。跨学科方法的重要性现已得到广泛认可，特别是通过与自然合作来解决世界上与水有关的问题(WWAP/UN-Water, 2018;Katopodis and Aadland 2006)。随着这种全球趋势变得更加明显，技术，生态，生物和物理科学的进步更加迅速，2018年8月19日至24日在日本东京举办了第12届生态水力学国际研讨会(ISE2018)。出席人数众多，共有来自35个国家的484名与会者。会议发表了400多篇论文，其中包括6次全体会议。研讨会的全体会议报告包括:Katsumi Tsukamoto教授(日本大学)的“双生鱼类的通道”、Gregory B. Pasternack教授(美国加州大学戴维斯分校)的“近普查生态水力学在河流恢复中的应用”、植被生态水文如何改变河流管理:Matthew O 'Hare博士(英国生态与水文学中心)的《全民入门》，Michael Monaghan博士(德国莱布尼茨淡水生态与内陆渔业研究所)的《淡水生态系统研究与监测中的基因组工具》，《2018年布里斯班宣言和全球行动议程:Michael McClain教授(荷兰代尔夫特水教育研究所)和Michael Stewardson教授(澳大利亚墨尔本大学)撰写的“河流流域生态水力学”全球现状报告和呼吁电子流量科学家和工程师参与。关于河流植被、河流恢复、基因组学、电子流和鱼类通道的六个主题旨在提供对这些主题的更深层次的理解，并促进生态水力学界的研究活动。来自世界各地的许多生态水力学家组织了针对特定生态水力学主题的特别会议。除了这些生态水力学的主要主题外，我们还观察到研讨会上的三个新兴主题，即创新测量技术，基于生态系统的灾害风险减少(Eco-DRR)和先进基因组学。随着先进机器学习的发展，诸如基于图像、光电和水声的创新测量技术也在不断涌现。这种发展应导致创新的监测系统，可以为更深入地了解复杂的生态和水动力现象以及发展先进的建模方法提供新的数据。在海啸等重大灾害发生后，生态减灾得到了国际社会的广泛关注。平衡绿色和灰色基础设施，并考虑与此类灾害控制系统相关的风险和成本是关键问题之一。环境DNA是生物多样性研究和管理中积极用于环境监测和评价的一种新兴方法。基因组学和生物信息学的进步可以更好地管理人为对生态系统的影响。值得注意的是，生态水力学网络(ECoENet;https://ecoenet。Wordpress.com/)组织了一个有趣的研讨会。年轻的生态水工，包括学生，享受了关于这些演讲者的职业发展的主题演讲和与他们的讲座相关的互动测试，以及与资深和领先的生态水工的圆桌讨论。本次研讨会之后是ECoENet会议，研讨会上有来自各个年龄段的与会者。我们观察到年轻科学家和工程师对生态水力学及其相关主题和活动的兴趣日益浓厚。他们的积极参与应该有助于未来几代生态水力学家作为一个在科学和实践中工作的社区的能力发展。本期《生态水力学杂志》特刊收录了来自生态水力学主要研究领域的论文:
{"title":"International contributions in advancing ecohydraulics","authors":"S. Fukuda, N. Tanaka, Y. Yasuda, R. Tsubaki, K. Muraoka, T. Asaeda","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1697845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1697845","url":null,"abstract":"Ecohydraulics as a research discipline deals with a wide range of topics related to water and ecosystems, thereby contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations as pointed out in Findkakis (2017). In Ecohydraulics, interdisciplinary approaches based on hydraulics, hydrology, geomorphology, and aquatic and riparian ecology have been adopted in order to tackle real-world problems in aquatic ecosystems that have complex, inter-related dynamics in space and time (Maddock et al. 2013). The importance of interdisciplinary approaches has now been widely recognized for solving water-related issues in the world specifically by working with nature (WWAP/UN-Water, 2018; Katopodis and Aadland 2006). With such global trends becoming more evident and advances in technology, ecological, biological as well as physical sciences occurring more rapidly, the context was set in organizing the 12 International Symposium on Ecohydraulics (ISE2018) was held in Tokyo, Japan from August 19 to 24, 2018. There was large attendance with a total of 484 participants from 35 countries. More than 400 papers including 6 plenary talks were presented. The plenary talks delivered in the symposium were as follows: “Passage for diadromous fishes” by Prof. Katsumi Tsukamoto (Nihon University, Japan), “Use of nearcensus ecohydraulics in river restoration” by Prof. Gregory B. Pasternack (UC Davis, USA), “How vegetation ecohydrology is changing river management: a primer for all” by Dr. Matthew O’Hare (Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), UK), “Genomic tools in freshwater ecosystem research and monitoring” by Dr. Michael Monaghan (Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Germany), “The 2018 Brisbane Declaration and Global Action Agenda: A global status report and call for e-flows scientists and engineers to engage” by Prof. Michael McClain (IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands), and “The Ecohydraulics of River Basins” by Prof. Michael Stewardson (University of Melbourne, Australia). The six keynotes on river vegetation, river restoration, genomics, e-flows and fish passage aimed to provide a deeper understanding of these topics and to foster research activities in the Ecohydraulic Community. Special Sessions, targeting specific ecohydraulic topics, were organized by many ecohydraulicians from around the globe. In addition to these major topics in Ecohydraulics, we observed three emerging topics in the symposium, namely innovative measurement techniques, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR), and advanced genomics. Innovative measurement techniques such as image-based, optoelectronic and hydroacoustic methods are emerging together with the development of advanced machine learning. Such a development should lead to innovative monitoring systems which can provide new data for a deeper understanding of complex ecological and hydrodynamic phenomena as well as the development of advanced modelling approach","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"38 1","pages":"86 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76174294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1662339
C. Legleiter, R. McDonald, J. Nelson, P. Kinzel, R. Perroy, Donghae Baek, I. Seo
Abstract We evaluated the potential of remote sensing to enhance tracer experiments by providing spatially distributed information on visible dye concentration. During tests in an experimental facility and a large natural channel, we measured Rhodamine WT concentration and spectral reflectance. As an initial proof-of-concept at the River Experiment Center in Korea, a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) was used to acquire hyperspectral images of a sinuous outdoor flume. On the Kootenai River, field spectra were collected from a boat and hyperspectral images and high resolution aerial photographs were obtained from manned aircraft. We modified an Optimal Band Ratio Analysis algorithm to identify wavelength combinations that yielded strong correlations between a spectrally based quantity X and dye concentration C. Both the flume and field tests yielded very strong (R2 from 0.94 to 0.99) relationships between X and C across a broad range of visible wavelengths. On the Kootenai, we found that X vs. C relations derived from field spectra could be applied to hyperspectral images and that dye concentrations could be estimated nearly as reliably from three-band images as from hyperspectral data. These results imply that remote sensing could become a powerful tool for mapping dye patterns. Such a capability would advance our understanding of dispersion processes by enabling more rigorous testing of numerical flow models.
{"title":"Remote sensing of tracer dye concentrations to support dispersion studies in river channels","authors":"C. Legleiter, R. McDonald, J. Nelson, P. Kinzel, R. Perroy, Donghae Baek, I. Seo","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2019.1662339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2019.1662339","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We evaluated the potential of remote sensing to enhance tracer experiments by providing spatially distributed information on visible dye concentration. During tests in an experimental facility and a large natural channel, we measured Rhodamine WT concentration and spectral reflectance. As an initial proof-of-concept at the River Experiment Center in Korea, a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) was used to acquire hyperspectral images of a sinuous outdoor flume. On the Kootenai River, field spectra were collected from a boat and hyperspectral images and high resolution aerial photographs were obtained from manned aircraft. We modified an Optimal Band Ratio Analysis algorithm to identify wavelength combinations that yielded strong correlations between a spectrally based quantity X and dye concentration C. Both the flume and field tests yielded very strong (R2 from 0.94 to 0.99) relationships between X and C across a broad range of visible wavelengths. On the Kootenai, we found that X vs. C relations derived from field spectra could be applied to hyperspectral images and that dye concentrations could be estimated nearly as reliably from three-band images as from hyperspectral data. These results imply that remote sensing could become a powerful tool for mapping dye patterns. Such a capability would advance our understanding of dispersion processes by enabling more rigorous testing of numerical flow models.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"8 1","pages":"131 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74162464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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