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Impact assessment of climate change on environmental flow component and water temperature—Kikuchi River 气候变化对菊地河环境流量成分和水温的影响评价
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1663713
R. Morid, Y. Shimatani, Tatsuro Sato
Abstract The Japanese archipelago extends over a large distance from north to south exposed to the effects of climate change. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of climate change on environmental components by using hydrological indicators. The future climate change in the region was initially projected using HadGEM2-ES and MICRO5 models in three 20-year periods (2021–2040, 2041–2060 and 2061–2080), considering two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 & RCP8.5). The Kikuchi streamflow was then simulated using Soil and Water Assessment Tool modelling for the baseline (1986–2016) and future periods. Finally, the magnitude, duration, timing, and frequency of extreme flows were analysed using Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration software. The results showed a decrease in discharge under both models; however, a 2 m3/s increase was predicted under HadGEM2-ES (RCP4.5) in 2041–2060. Changes in river flow affect habitat suitability in aquatic ecosystems, and might have further impacts if the effects of water temperature are also considered. In our case study, water temperature was predicted to increase by up to 4 °C by 2080. This phenomenon will change habitat suitability, because important environmental flow components, such as the peaks of high flows and large flood frequency, will also increase.
日本列岛从北向南延伸了很长一段距离,受到气候变化的影响。本研究的目的是利用水文指标来评估气候变化对环境成分的影响。采用HadGEM2-ES和MICRO5模式,考虑两种代表性浓度路径(RCP4.5和RCP8.5),初步预估了该地区未来气候变化的3个20年周期(2021-2040、2041-2060和2061-2080)。然后使用土壤和水评估工具模型对基线(1986-2016)和未来时期的菊池河进行了模拟。最后,利用水文变化指标(Indicators of Hydrologic蚀变)软件分析了极端流量的大小、持续时间、时间和频率。结果表明,两种模型下的放电均有所减小;然而,在HadGEM2-ES (RCP4.5)下,2041-2060年预计增加2 m3/s。河流流量的变化会影响水生生态系统的生境适宜性,如果考虑水温的影响,可能会产生进一步的影响。在我们的案例研究中,预计到2080年水温将上升4°C。这种现象将改变生境适宜性,因为重要的环境流量成分,如高流量峰值和大洪水频率也将增加。
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引用次数: 10
Habitat evaluation for the endangered fish species Lefua echigonia in the Yagawa River, Japan 日本八川河濒危鱼类的生境评价
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1614886
M. De-Miguel-Gallo, F. Martínez‐Capel, R. Muñoz‐Mas, S. Aihara, Y. Matsuzawa, Shinji Fukuda
Abstract Spring-fed streams in Tokyo are important habitats for various aquatic species, whereas urbanization as well as introduction of invasive species is threatening the sustainability of such aquatic ecosystems. This study applies the System for Environmental Flow Analysis (SEFA) in a small urban river in Tokyo to assess the dynamics of the suitable habitats for the endangered freshwater fish Lefua echigonia (Jordan and Richardson 1907). A set of Habitat Suitability Curves (HSCs) for water depth, velocity and substrate was developed to evaluate the suitable habitats. The habitat assessment indicated that the Area Weighted Suitability (AWS) reached the maximum at 0.02 m3/s, which is close to the base flow of the target river; a gradual decrease in AWS was observed for higher flows. The temporal distribution of AWS, during forty-one consecutive months, showed that, on average, the best habitat conditions for adult L. echigonia occur during the period between January and July, whereas the worst situation occurs during the period between August and December. This work presents information and tools for instream habitat analysis that should help managers to conserve this aquatic species and prioritize actions to further rehabilitate urban rivers, using L. echigonia as a case study.
东京泉源溪流是多种水生物种的重要栖息地,而城市化和外来入侵物种的引入正威胁着这些水生生态系统的可持续性。本研究应用环境流量分析系统(SEFA)在东京的一条小城市河流中评估濒危淡水鱼Lefua echigonia适宜栖息地的动态(Jordan and Richardson 1907)。建立了一套基于水深、流速和基质的生境适宜性曲线(hsc)来评价生境适宜性。生境评价结果表明,面积加权适宜性(AWS)在0.02 m3/s时达到最大值,接近目标河基流;高流量时,观察到AWS逐渐降低。连续41个月的时间分布表明,平均1 - 7月是毛毛瓢虫成虫最佳生境,8 - 12月是毛毛瓢虫最差生境。本研究为河流生境分析提供了信息和工具,有助于管理者保护这一水生物种,并优先采取行动进一步恢复城市河流,并以echigonia为例进行了研究。
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引用次数: 7
Flow interactions with an aquatic macrophyte: a field study using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry 水流与水生植物的相互作用:使用立体粒子图像测速法的实地研究
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-05-23 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1606677
H. Biggs, V. Nikora, C. Gibbins, S. Cameron, K. Papadopoulos, Michael Stewart, S. Fraser, D. Vettori, M. Savio, M. O’Hare, M. Kucher, D. Hicks
Abstract This paper reports the morphology of a natural patch of Ranunculus penicillatus and presents high-resolution measurements of flow velocities in its wake using a stereoscopic PIV field measurement system. The patch was 3.80 m long, 1.24 m wide and caused substantial changes to downstream mean velocities and turbulence. Vertical profiles of streamwise mean velocity were not logarithmic and flow was redirected under the positively buoyant canopy, enhancing vertical turbulent mixing in the wake and generating a large region where the velocity covariance was positive. Turbulent kinetic energy was enhanced downstream from the patch lateral shear layer, but not at the centre of the wake. Spectra downstream from the patch showed that turbulence was neither dominated by fine-scale nor large-scale structures, likely due to the low energy of the flow conditions and lack of a developed vortex street within the measurement domain. Sedimentation was observed at the upstream end of the patch, but not underneath the floating canopy. The methods and results of this work will be useful for planning other in situ studies. Also, the reported data on macrophyte geometry and biometrics will assist with the design of more realistic replicas for use in laboratory studies.
摘要本文报道了毛茛(Ranunculus penicillatus)天然斑块的形态,并利用立体PIV场测量系统对其尾迹进行了高分辨率的流速测量。该斑块长3.80 m,宽1.24 m,导致下游平均速度和湍流度发生实质性变化。在正浮力冠层下,向流平均速度的垂直剖面不是对数的,流动被重定向,增强了尾迹中的垂直湍流混合,并产生了一个很大的速度协方差为正的区域。湍流动能在斑块侧切变层下游增强,但在尾流中心没有增强。斑块下游的光谱显示,湍流既不以细尺度结构为主,也不以大尺度结构为主,这可能是由于流动条件的能量较低,并且在测量域内缺乏发达的涡街。在斑块的上游端观察到沉积,但在浮冠下没有。这项工作的方法和结果将有助于规划其他实地研究。此外,报告的关于大型植物几何和生物计量学的数据将有助于设计用于实验室研究的更真实的复制品。
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引用次数: 25
Global advances in fish passage research and practice 鱼类通道研究与实践的全球进展
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1670745
L. Baumgartner, Luiz G. M. Silva
The water-food-energy nexus is central to sustainable development (Poff and Olden 2017). Demand for all three is increasing, driven by a rising global population, rapid urbanization, changing diets and economic growth. In response, many countries are implementing unprecedented irrigation and hydropower expansion programs infrastructure to secure food, water and energy resources. Globally, irrigation has doubled in the last 50 years (Foley et al. 2011) and hydropower is expected to double again by 2050 (Ziv et al. 2012). Therefore, it is important that such development is planned, implemented and managed appropriately (Lynch et al. 2019) because any structure which diverts or stores water will impede the free movement of fish; in both an upstream and downstream direction. The environmental impacts of migration barriers have been recognised globally as one of the major threats for aquatic biota, particularly riverine species (Poff and Hart 2002). But there is always a significant challenge developing technical solutions that minimise impacts on fish, and create mutually beneficial outcomes for the environment and society. Fish passage has long been an intervention applied by irrigation and fisheries managers to mitigate the impacts of riverine development on fish (Clay 1995). But getting fish passage implemented correctly represents a significant engineering and biological challenge (Silva et al. 2018). Often, there are multiple solutions that may fit any given site but the best for implementation depends on a range of factors including target species and size classes, the expected ecological outcomes, local site hydrology, constructability and available budget (Larinier and Marmulla 2004). At many sites, data availability is often limited and so engineers and biologists must work collaboratively to implement functional solutions. This often requires design compromises which can only be agreed upon in collaboration (MallenCooper and Brand 2007). As has been famously noted, “An engineer may learn a lot of biology, and a biologist may learn a lot of engineering but, ultimately, both skills are needed to implement a functional solution” (Clay 1995). This special issue of Journal of Ecohydraulics explores recent biological and engineering advances in fish passage technology to help mitigate the impacts of barriers on fish migrations. The articles highlight the impacts of river infrastructure on fish and key knowledge advances for biologists and engineers to apply at future sites. Whilst these contrasting perspectives are explored from different angles, they essentially seek to arrive at the same outcome; winwin benefits for both fish and river development. Key topics include:
水-粮食-能源关系是可持续发展的核心(Poff和Olden, 2017)。在全球人口增长、快速城市化、饮食变化和经济增长的推动下,对这三种食品的需求都在增加。为此,许多国家正在实施前所未有的灌溉和水电扩建计划,以确保粮食、水和能源的安全。在全球范围内,灌溉在过去50年中翻了一番(Foley et al. 2011),预计到2050年水电将再次翻一番(Ziv et al. 2012)。因此,适当规划、实施和管理这种开发是很重要的(Lynch等人,2019),因为任何转移或储存水的结构都会阻碍鱼类的自由流动;在上游和下游都有。在全球范围内,迁徙障碍的环境影响已被认为是水生生物群,特别是河流物种的主要威胁之一(Poff和Hart 2002)。但是,开发技术解决方案,最大限度地减少对鱼类的影响,并为环境和社会创造互利的结果,始终是一个重大挑战。长期以来,鱼类通道一直是灌溉和渔业管理人员用来减轻河流开发对鱼类影响的一种干预措施(Clay 1995)。但正确实现鱼类通道是一项重大的工程和生物学挑战(Silva et al. 2018)。通常,有多种解决方案可能适合任何给定的地点,但最佳实施取决于一系列因素,包括目标物种和大小类别、预期的生态结果、当地的水文、可建造性和可用预算(Larinier和Marmulla 2004)。在许多站点,数据可用性通常是有限的,因此工程师和生物学家必须协同工作来实现功能解决方案。这通常需要在设计上做出妥协,而这只能在合作中达成一致(MallenCooper and Brand 2007)。众所周知,“工程师可能会学到很多生物学知识,而生物学家可能会学到很多工程学知识,但最终,实现功能性解决方案需要这两种技能”(Clay 1995)。本期《生态水力学杂志》特刊探讨了鱼类通道技术的最新生物学和工程学进展,以帮助减轻障碍对鱼类洄游的影响。文章强调了河流基础设施对鱼类的影响,以及生物学家和工程师在未来应用的关键知识进展。虽然这些截然不同的观点是从不同的角度探索的,但它们本质上寻求达到相同的结果;鱼类和河流发展双赢。主要议题包括:
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引用次数: 2
Novel fishway entrance modifications for Pacific lamprey 太平洋七鳃鳗新型鱼道入口改造
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1604090
M. Moser, S. Corbett, M. Keefer, K. Frick, S. Lopez-Johnston, C. Caudill
Abstract Passage facilities at dams must accommodate a broad array of aquatic species to achieve full river connectivity. In an attempt to improve adult Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) passage, fishway entrance modifications were made at a large dam on the Columbia River in northwestern USA. The modifications consisted of a variable-width entrance weir and flow disrupters to create heterogeneity in water velocities near the bottom, without affecting attraction flows for adult salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) or alosids (Alosa sapidissima). Additionally, a lamprey passage structure (LPS) was installed to provide a lamprey-specific route from tailrace to forebay elevation (31 m). Passive integrated transponders and radio transmitters were used to monitor both Pacific lamprey and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) movements. Fish use of the modified entrance was compared to that at a similar, but unmodified entrance before and after modifications. The entrance modifications resulted in increased velocity heterogeneity, but no measurable improvement in entrance efficiencies for lamprey or salmon. Lamprey successfully ascended the LPS, with annual counts ranging from 48 in 2010 to 3,851 in 2016 (0.2–8.9% of lamprey counted at the dam). Radiotelemetry indicated that tagged lamprey resumed upstream passage after LPS use and travelled at rates similar to those that used traditional fishway routes.
水坝的通道设施必须容纳广泛的水生物种,以实现河流的完全连通性。为了改善成年太平洋七鳃鳗(Entosphenus tridentatus)的通道,在美国西北部哥伦比亚河的一个大型水坝上对鱼道入口进行了改造。这些改进包括一个可变宽度的入口堰和水流干扰装置,以在不影响成年鲑(Oncorhynchus spp.)或alosid (Alosa sapidissima)的吸引流的情况下,在靠近底部的地方产生水流的异质性。此外,研究人员还安装了一个七鳃鳗通道结构(LPS),为七鳃鳗提供从尾流到前湾海拔(31米)的特定路线。被动集成应答器和无线电发射器用于监测太平洋七鳃鳗和奇努克鲑鱼(O. tshawytscha)的活动。将改造后的入口与改造前和改造后相似但未改造的入口的鱼类使用情况进行了比较。入口改造增加了速度不均一性,但对七鳃鳗和鲑鱼的入口效率没有明显的改善。七鳃鳗成功地登上了LPS,年计数从2010年的48只增加到2016年的3851只(0.2-8.9%的七鳃鳗在大坝被计数)。无线电遥测表明,在使用LPS后,标记的七鳃鳗恢复了上游通道,并且以与使用传统鱼道路线相似的速度行进。
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引用次数: 9
Water infrastructure and the migrations of amphidromous species: impacts and research requirements 水利基础设施与两栖物种迁移:影响与研究需求
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1611390
Matt G. Jarvis, G. Closs
Abstract Amphidromous species undertake a number of migrations throughout their life-history, migrating to sea immediately after hatching in freshwater, migrating back to freshwater after a pelagic larval period, and potentially undertaking adult spawning migrations. Amphidromous species are therefore likely to be highly susceptible to water infrastructure, having different migratory directions, objectives, and requirements at different life stages. We review the current state of knowledge on the migrations of amphidromous species, identifying the requirements for successful migrations, and potential threats from water infrastructure associated with anthropogenic activities. Newly hatched larvae migrating downstream are susceptible to numerous hazards associated with water infrastructure, including larval retention and starvation in freshwater, entrainment and impingement at water intakes, and barotrauma and physical damage associated with weirs and turbines. Distinct patterns of larval drift (spatial and temporal) may provide opportunities to alleviate mortality during larval emigration. While instream barriers inhibit the upstream migrations of amphidromous post-larvae and juveniles, climbing abilities are common, allowing for creative solutions facilitating upstream migration. Downstream spawning migrations are common in numerous amphidromous taxa, and are often associated with natural changes in flow regime, highlighting the need for bidirectional passage, and the potential for artificial flow alteration to negatively affect reproduction. Much research on the passage of amphidromous taxa has focussed on upstream migrating juveniles, while downstream migrating adults and larvae, which may be far more susceptible to water infrastructure, have largely been ignored. This life-stage bias represents a key research gap that must be addressed to safeguard amphidromous species in future.
两栖物种在其一生中进行了多次迁徙,在淡水中孵化后立即迁移到海洋,在远洋幼虫期后迁移回淡水,并可能进行成虫产卵迁徙。因此,两栖物种可能极易受到水基础设施的影响,在不同的生命阶段有不同的迁徙方向、目标和需求。我们回顾了两栖物种迁移的现状,确定了成功迁移的要求,以及与人为活动相关的水基础设施的潜在威胁。新孵化的幼虫向下游迁徙,容易受到许多与水基础设施有关的危险,包括幼虫在淡水中滞留和饥饿,在取水口被夹带和撞击,以及与堰和涡轮机有关的气压创伤和物理损坏。不同的幼虫漂移模式(空间和时间)可能为减轻幼虫迁徙期间的死亡率提供机会。虽然河流障碍抑制了雌雄同体幼虫和幼鱼的上游迁移,但攀爬能力是常见的,允许创造性的解决方案促进上游迁移。在许多两栖类群中,下游产卵迁徙是常见的,并且通常与水流状态的自然变化有关,突出了双向通道的需要,以及人工改变水流对繁殖产生负面影响的可能性。许多关于两栖类群迁移的研究都集中在上游迁移的幼鱼身上,而下游迁移的成虫和幼虫可能更容易受到水基础设施的影响,这在很大程度上被忽视了。这种生命阶段偏差代表了一个关键的研究缺口,必须解决,以保护两性物种在未来。
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引用次数: 12
Global Advances in Fish Passage Research and Practice 鱼类通道研究与实践的全球进展
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1684694
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引用次数: 1
A trap-and-haul fishway for upstream transfers of migrating fish at a challenging dam site 在一个具有挑战性的坝址上,为洄游鱼类的上游转移提供了一个陷阱和拖网鱼道
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1669080
J. Harris, D. T. Roberts, S. O’Brien, B. Mefford, Kris S. Pitman
Abstract Australia’s first trap-and-haul fishway was built to overcome site-related and biological challenges of providing upstream fish transfer at a 62 m dam. Challenges included multiple barriers, major flow alterations, infrequent spillway flows, a reservoir distant from tailwater, differing migration strategies and the presence of undesirable fish species. Planning assessments concluded upstream fish transfer would create environmental and fisheries benefits, but providing for downstream passage, other than protecting fish emigrating during spillway flows, was not justified. The trap-and-haul fishway collected upstream-migrating fish for transfer to multiple release sites. It provided flexibility to accommodate diverse species, sizes, abundance and behaviour while operating at flows ≤1:20 Annual Exceedance Probability. The fishway facilitated operational monitoring and removal of invasive and non-indigenous species, with features to limit predation. A barrier weir guided fish and minimized bypassing in spilling flows. Over four years’ operation approximately 43,700 fish, representing all the river’s 23 large and small-bodied migrating species, were transferred. Fish belonging to three unwanted species were removed. Stable, restricted flow releases through the fishway inhibited attraction, causing fish aggregations and reduced performance. Opportunities for improvement are recommended. The system’s design, operations and results have shown potential value for application at comparable sites elsewhere.
澳大利亚的第一条捕渔通道是为了克服62米大坝上游鱼类转移的场地相关和生物挑战而建造的。挑战包括多种屏障,主要流量变化,不常见的溢洪道流量,远离尾水的水库,不同的迁移策略以及不受欢迎的鱼类的存在。规划评估的结论是,上游的鱼类转移将创造环境和渔业利益,但除了在溢洪道流动期间保护鱼类洄游外,提供下游通道是不合理的。捕集鱼道收集了上游洄游的鱼类,并将它们转移到多个放生地点。它提供了灵活性,以适应不同的物种、大小、丰度和行为,同时在流量≤1:20的年超越概率下运行。鱼道有助于操作监测和清除入侵和非本地物种,其特点是限制捕食。屏障堰引导鱼类,并尽量减少溢出流的绕过。在四年的行动中,约有43,700条鱼被转移,代表了河中所有23种大型和小型迁徙物种。三种不需要的鱼类被移除了。通过鱼道的稳定、受限的水流释放抑制了吸引力,导致鱼类聚集,降低了性能。建议改进的机会。该系统的设计、操作和结果显示了在其他类似地点应用的潜在价值。
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引用次数: 8
Fish passage hydrodynamics: insights into overcoming migration challenges for small-bodied fish 鱼类通道流体动力学:对克服小鱼洄游挑战的见解
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1604091
M. Knapp, J. Montgomery, Colin N. Whittaker, P. Franklin, C. Baker, H. Friedrich
Abstract The modification and utilization of rivers in regions where small-bodied diadromous fish are prevalent has largely occurred without fully understanding the migration behaviour of these species. As a result, existing in-stream structures often prevent or restrict migration. Current fish passage design guidance generally focuses on providing average hydrodynamic conditions within the range of known critical swimming velocities for target fish species. Considerable portions of discharge capacity must be sacrificed to achieve average cross-sectional water velocities that will allow passage of weak swimmers. Furthermore, because the hydrodynamic requirements for small-bodied species are poorly understood, successful passage is still not guaranteed even when average hydrodynamic design criteria are met. Ethohydraulic research is focused on how water flow influences fish behaviour and vice versa, by studying the interaction of fish with small-scale in-flow characteristics. We discuss how an ethohydraulic approach may improve fish passage design for small-bodied fish, such as țnanga/common galaxias (Galaxias maculatus), a widespread diadromous Southern Hemisphere species. The ethohydraulic approach is discussed in detail for culverts, a commonly found structure known to impede fish passage for many small-bodied species.
摘要在小体二蛟龙鱼类大量分布的地区,对河流的改造和利用在很大程度上是在没有充分了解小体二蛟龙鱼类洄游行为的情况下进行的。因此,现有的流内结构通常会阻止或限制迁移。目前的鱼道设计指南一般侧重于在已知的目标鱼类临界游动速度范围内提供平均水动力条件。必须牺牲相当大一部分的排放能力,以达到允许弱游泳者通过的平均横截面水速度。此外,由于对小体物种的水动力要求了解甚少,即使达到平均水动力设计标准,也不能保证成功通过。动物水力学研究的重点是水流如何影响鱼类的行为,反之亦然,通过研究鱼类与小尺度内流特性的相互作用。我们讨论了乙醇液压方法如何改善小鱼的通道设计,如țnanga/共同星系(星系maculatus),一种广泛分布的南半球双栖物种。本文详细讨论了涵洞的液压方法,涵洞是一种常见的结构,已知会阻碍许多小型物种的鱼类通过。
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引用次数: 14
A cautionary tale about the potential impacts of gated culverts on fish passage restoration efforts 一个关于闸门涵洞对鱼道修复工作潜在影响的警示故事
Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/24705357.2019.1641434
L. Baumgartner, M. Barwick, C. Boys, T. Marsden, K. Martin, J. McPherson, N. Ning, Oudom Phonekhampeng, W. Robinson, D. Singhanouvong, I. Stuart, G. Thorncraft
Abstract Combined fishway-culvert facilities are common in many tropical river systems in South East Asia, but little is known regarding their mutual passage effectiveness. We investigated the lateral passage of Lower Mekong Basin fish in Lao PDR, through a combined cone fishway-sluice gate culvert facility between the Mekong River and an adjacent wetland. Fish abundance and species richness were assessed during the beginning of the 2014 wet season at three locations within the fishway-culvert facility: (i) the bottom of the fishway (i.e. downstream end of the facility); (ii) the top of the fishway; and (iii) the top of the culvert (i.e. upstream end of the facility). Neither total fish abundance nor species richness varied significantly among the three locations while the wetland remained at levels where the culvert was only partially inundated and the culvert gate was fully open. However, part-way through the study the culvert became completely inundated and the culvert gate had to be partially closed to protect the downstream fishway. During this period of partial gate closure, fish abundance and species richness became significantly lower at the top of the culvert than at the two fishway locations. This suggests that sluice gate culverts are most effective at facilitating the lateral movement of fish in tropical river systems when they are designed and operated appropriately for the local hydrological conditions, and their gates remain fully open.
摘要鱼道-涵洞组合设施在东南亚许多热带水系中很常见,但对其相互通过的有效性知之甚少。我们通过湄公河与邻近湿地之间的一个锥形鱼道-水闸涵洞设施,研究了老挝湄公河下游流域鱼类的横向通道。在2014年雨季开始时,对鱼道涵洞设施内的三个地点的鱼类丰度和物种丰富度进行了评估:(i)鱼道底部(即设施的下游末端);(ii)鱼道顶部;(iii)涵洞顶部(即设施的上游端)。三个地点的鱼类总丰度和物种丰富度均无显著差异,而湿地仍处于涵洞部分淹没和涵洞门完全打开的水平。然而,在进行研究的中途,涵洞完全被淹没,涵洞闸门不得不部分关闭,以保护下游的鱼道。在部分闭闸期间,涵洞顶部的鱼类丰度和物种丰富度明显低于两个鱼道位置。这表明,当水闸涵洞根据当地水文条件进行适当设计和操作时,它们的闸门保持完全打开,在促进热带河流系统中鱼类的横向移动方面最有效。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Journal of ecohydraulics
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