Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).605-616
Marina Vilchinskaia, S. Volokhova
The article is devoted to the relevant problem of the formation of successful competitiveness of young professionals in the regional labor market, i.e. the development of a competitiveness model of a university graduate. The article discusses the concept of «a specialist’s competitiveness» and substantiates the authors’ point of view on its content. The authors have analyzed the existing Russian and foreign approaches to the definition of the essence of a specialist’s competitiveness and highlighted the key competencies for the formation of successful competitiveness of a university graduate. The authors presented the results of the study, a sociological survey of employers, conducted in 2017, which allowed them to rank the competencies in terms of their importance for the production process. Methodological research tools include a sociological survey, statistical data processing and a survey of employers in the Irkutsk region. In the process of the study, a correlation between the form of ownership of the enterprise and the employers' assessment of the professional, business and personal competencies of a young specialist was established. The authors proposed a hypothesis that the employer’s belonging to the public or private sector determines different requirements for certain competencies of a young specialist. The results of the study were presented at the scientific and methodological seminar in Irkutsk State University. The proposed competitiveness model of a university graduate is recommended for use when creating «twin models» of service industry enterprises of the region.
{"title":"Use of the Competency-Based Approach when Modeling Competitiveness of University Graduates","authors":"Marina Vilchinskaia, S. Volokhova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).605-616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).605-616","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the relevant problem of the formation of successful competitiveness of young professionals in the regional labor market, i.e. the development of a competitiveness model of a university graduate. The article discusses the concept of «a specialist’s competitiveness» and substantiates the authors’ point of view on its content. The authors have analyzed the existing Russian and foreign approaches to the definition of the essence of a specialist’s competitiveness and highlighted the key competencies for the formation of successful competitiveness of a university graduate. The authors presented the results of the study, a sociological survey of employers, conducted in 2017, which allowed them to rank the competencies in terms of their importance for the production process. Methodological research tools include a sociological survey, statistical data processing and a survey of employers in the Irkutsk region. In the process of the study, a correlation between the form of ownership of the enterprise and the employers' assessment of the professional, business and personal competencies of a young specialist was established. The authors proposed a hypothesis that the employer’s belonging to the public or private sector determines different requirements for certain competencies of a young specialist. The results of the study were presented at the scientific and methodological seminar in Irkutsk State University. The proposed competitiveness model of a university graduate is recommended for use when creating «twin models» of service industry enterprises of the region.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83712953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).523-532
G. Rusetskaya
The lack of a realistic estimate of the natural capital largely determines the economic and ecological problems in different sectors of economy. Economically inefficient use of the natural capital leads to its depletion. Flouting of environmental laws, when developing and applying technologies of exploitation of natural resources, has a detrimental effect on the environment, destroying the ecological systems. Exploitation of natural resources in oil and gas industry and development of highly sophisticated natural-engineering systems cause disruption of the ecological balance in the environment and shift in the balance of the environmental components: matter, energy and information. Stabilization of such systems and restoring their disturbed or lost balance puts the attitude towards the environment as a natural system in the forefront. Resistance of this system is regulated by natural environmental laws. Unbiased evaluation of the state of the natural-engineering system in exploitation of natural resources should be given on the basis of the system analysis. Such analysis presupposes interaction and interdependence of all the components and also internal and external interrelations of natural and technogenic subsystems. The analysis requires an integrated approach to consider the processes of use of raw materials, pollution of the biosphere components with hydrocarbons and other substances, and also risk assessment of their negative impact through biogeochemical cycles. Due to the increase of the share of difficult oil, deterioration of its quality, creation of new centres of exploitation of natural resources, it has become essential to find ecologically and economically substantiated solutions taking into account natural laws.
{"title":"Exploitation of Natural Resources in Oil and Gas Industry: Common Factors of Use and Conservation of Ecological Systems","authors":"G. Rusetskaya","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).523-532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).523-532","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of a realistic estimate of the natural capital largely determines the economic and ecological problems in different sectors of economy. Economically inefficient use of the natural capital leads to its depletion. Flouting of environmental laws, when developing and applying technologies of exploitation of natural resources, has a detrimental effect on the environment, destroying the ecological systems. Exploitation of natural resources in oil and gas industry and development of highly sophisticated natural-engineering systems cause disruption of the ecological balance in the environment and shift in the balance of the environmental components: matter, energy and information. Stabilization of such systems and restoring their disturbed or lost balance puts the attitude towards the environment as a natural system in the forefront. Resistance of this system is regulated by natural environmental laws. Unbiased evaluation of the state of the natural-engineering system in exploitation of natural resources should be given on the basis of the system analysis. Such analysis presupposes interaction and interdependence of all the components and also internal and external interrelations of natural and technogenic subsystems. The analysis requires an integrated approach to consider the processes of use of raw materials, pollution of the biosphere components with hydrocarbons and other substances, and also risk assessment of their negative impact through biogeochemical cycles. Due to the increase of the share of difficult oil, deterioration of its quality, creation of new centres of exploitation of natural resources, it has become essential to find ecologically and economically substantiated solutions taking into account natural laws.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73462885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).686-694
O. Leonova
In this paper, the systematic approach is used to model the probabilistic characteristics of life expectancy. The article is devoted to modeling of such probabilistic characteristics as death curve, survival function and mortality rate. In the article, the data on the mortality tables of the population of Russia for the calendar year 2018 are approximated with some special functions. The quality of models fitting was tested using the coefficient of determination. Microsoft Excel was used to calculate the value of the resulting feature, according to the model, and also to calculate the coefficient of determination and to construct the graphs of selection.
{"title":"Analytical Approximation in Life Insurance","authors":"O. Leonova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).686-694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).686-694","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the systematic approach is used to model the probabilistic characteristics of life expectancy. The article is devoted to modeling of such probabilistic characteristics as death curve, survival function and mortality rate. In the article, the data on the mortality tables of the population of Russia for the calendar year 2018 are approximated with some special functions. The quality of models fitting was tested using the coefficient of determination. Microsoft Excel was used to calculate the value of the resulting feature, according to the model, and also to calculate the coefficient of determination and to construct the graphs of selection.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73308846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).660-669
B. Saneev, A. Sokolov, S. Muzychuk, R. Muzychuk
Uncertainty of political decisions and economic conditions causes difficulties in predicting the development of energy systems, whereas the method of road mapping allows us to overcome them. This method is one of the most effective mechanisms for strategic planning of the development of various facilities, including the energy complex in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to develop a road map for the development of the fuel and energy complex of the Irkutsk region. The research methods are system analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, and road mapping. Target indicators for the development of the energy complex in the region have been developed, a list of measures to improve it has been proposed. The development and implementation of the roadmap is of practical importance for taking managerial decisions in the energy sector of the Irkutsk region, since its development depends on a large number of external and internal factors.
{"title":"The Methodology of Road Mapping in Strategic Planning for the Development of the Regions Energy Sector (the Case of the Irkutsk Region)","authors":"B. Saneev, A. Sokolov, S. Muzychuk, R. Muzychuk","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).660-669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).660-669","url":null,"abstract":"Uncertainty of political decisions and economic conditions causes difficulties in predicting the development of energy systems, whereas the method of road mapping allows us to overcome them. This method is one of the most effective mechanisms for strategic planning of the development of various facilities, including the energy complex in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to develop a road map for the development of the fuel and energy complex of the Irkutsk region. The research methods are system analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, and road mapping. Target indicators for the development of the energy complex in the region have been developed, a list of measures to improve it has been proposed. The development and implementation of the roadmap is of practical importance for taking managerial decisions in the energy sector of the Irkutsk region, since its development depends on a large number of external and internal factors.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77590625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).625-630
V. Ostanin, V. Pecheritsa
The article considers the theoretical model of the creation of a payment bank of the Eurasian Economic Union. The validity of the creation of an issue bank, which at the same time can carry out the functions of a macroregulator of the Eurasian Economic Union, has been stated and proved. The necessity and economic feasibility of creating the union’s own digital fiat currency is substantiated. This will significantly reduce the sanctions pressure on Russia exerted by the United States, releasing Russia's economy from dollar dependence. Clearing based payments can be effected by means of a blockchain.
{"title":"The Model of Creation of the Single Payments Area within the Eurasian Economic Union","authors":"V. Ostanin, V. Pecheritsa","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).625-630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).625-630","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the theoretical model of the creation of a payment bank of the Eurasian Economic Union. The validity of the creation of an issue bank, which at the same time can carry out the functions of a macroregulator of the Eurasian Economic Union, has been stated and proved. The necessity and economic feasibility of creating the union’s own digital fiat currency is substantiated. This will significantly reduce the sanctions pressure on Russia exerted by the United States, releasing Russia's economy from dollar dependence. Clearing based payments can be effected by means of a blockchain.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83727744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).617-624
P. Ananchenkova, V. Bludov, M. Spasennikova, Vladislav Tyunkov
Development of human capital nowadays in the XXi century stands out as the most important factor of transforming economy and society. With help of investments into development of human potential, Russia increases the rates of economic growth, creating the necessary foundation for strengthening its positions in terms of global completion. The quality of human capital is built by the system higher professional education which determines the potential and success in changing the social structure in technological and economic aspects. The authors examine the topical moments of transforming the personnel provision for the Russian system of higher professional education at the current stage of forming the innovative economic strategy of Russia’s development. Improving the quality of the Russian higher education is at present topical, presenting a strategic task, the solution of which will allow to provide economic stability of our country. The article brings forth the results of investigating the attitude of the Russian people to the Russian and foreign higher education, gives an assessment of the current state of the personnel provision for the Russian higher school. On the basis of these results, the article identifies main drawbacks of the personnel provision for the Russian system of higher professional education and offers directions of increasing the personnel potential of the Russian educational organizations of the higher professional education system. It draws a conclusion that the process of transforming the personnel provision for the higher professional education system in the Russian educational organizations dictates a complex of requirements to the professional role of the faculty members, bringing to the forefront the availability of functions in organizing both the academic and the project and research activities, to formation of educational practices. The present-day faculty member must serve as a consultant, a researcher, a manager of projects, must be «a navigator» in the educational and digital environment.
{"title":"Transformation of Personnel Provision for Russian System of Higher Education","authors":"P. Ananchenkova, V. Bludov, M. Spasennikova, Vladislav Tyunkov","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).617-624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).617-624","url":null,"abstract":"Development of human capital nowadays in the XXi century stands out as the most important factor of transforming economy and society. With help of investments into development of human potential, Russia increases the rates of economic growth, creating the necessary foundation for strengthening its positions in terms of global completion. The quality of human capital is built by the system higher professional education which determines the potential and success in changing the social structure in technological and economic aspects. The authors examine the topical moments of transforming the personnel provision for the Russian system of higher professional education at the current stage of forming the innovative economic strategy of Russia’s development. Improving the quality of the Russian higher education is at present topical, presenting a strategic task, the solution of which will allow to provide economic stability of our country. The article brings forth the results of investigating the attitude of the Russian people to the Russian and foreign higher education, gives an assessment of the current state of the personnel provision for the Russian higher school. On the basis of these results, the article identifies main drawbacks of the personnel provision for the Russian system of higher professional education and offers directions of increasing the personnel potential of the Russian educational organizations of the higher professional education system. It draws a conclusion that the process of transforming the personnel provision for the higher professional education system in the Russian educational organizations dictates a complex of requirements to the professional role of the faculty members, bringing to the forefront the availability of functions in organizing both the academic and the project and research activities, to formation of educational practices. The present-day faculty member must serve as a consultant, a researcher, a manager of projects, must be «a navigator» in the educational and digital environment.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91218594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).631-637
S. Kalashnikov, Yu. S. Kalashnikova, E. Shilova
This article deals with implementation of comparative valuation of several flats in the secondary housing market in the city of Volgograd. The methodology of multi-criteria ranking evaluation of the qualitative level of flats, which was suggested by the authors earlier, is used as a means of such valuation. The numerical ratings of the index of consumer preferences obtained by the authors are applied to the valuation price of the alternatives under consideration. The obtained revaluation coefficients are analyzed from the standpoint of a seller and that of a buyer.
{"title":"Valuation Expertise of Flats in the Secondary Housing Market by Means of Multicriteria Ranking Evaluation of an Object","authors":"S. Kalashnikov, Yu. S. Kalashnikova, E. Shilova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).631-637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).631-637","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with implementation of comparative valuation of several flats in the secondary housing market in the city of Volgograd. The methodology of multi-criteria ranking evaluation of the qualitative level of flats, which was suggested by the authors earlier, is used as a means of such valuation. The numerical ratings of the index of consumer preferences obtained by the authors are applied to the valuation price of the alternatives under consideration. The obtained revaluation coefficients are analyzed from the standpoint of a seller and that of a buyer.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"99 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91417701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).513-522
E. Zimens, E. Sukhanova, O. Belykh
This is the first time the data on the antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria were obtained. These bacteria were isolated from fouling of stone substrates and also from «healthy» and «diseased» sponges of Lake Baikal. We have analysed 377 strains for the resistance to 11 antimicrobial agents. 133 of them were isolated from the water column, 277 from stone fouling, 17 from «healthy» sponges, and 20 from «diseased» sponges of Lake Baikal. We have revealed 9 sensitive strains and 36 strains resistant to all antibiotics. A high percentage of bacterial strains from both plankton (34–82 %) and periphyton (23–94 %) are resistant to a number of broad-spectrum antibiotics. At the same time, they have different sensitivity to azithromycin, vancomycin, tetracycline, and meropenem. The strains isolated from periphyton showed the most effective antimicrobial activity to azithromycin, tetracycline and meroperem; those isolated from water showed the most effective antimicrobial activity to meroperem. The strains sensitive to antibiotics (18–71 %) prevail in the microbial community of «healthy» sponges. At the same time, the microbial community of «diseased» sponges has a larger share of sensitive strains, which accounts for 30–75 %. The proportion of resistant strains with gram-negative cell wall is higher for most antibiotics compared to the gram-positive bacteria.
{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance of Heterotrophic Bacteria Isolated from Various Habitats of the Litoral Area of Lake Baikal","authors":"E. Zimens, E. Sukhanova, O. Belykh","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).513-522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).513-522","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first time the data on the antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria were obtained. These bacteria were isolated from fouling of stone substrates and also from «healthy» and «diseased» sponges of Lake Baikal. We have analysed 377 strains for the resistance to 11 antimicrobial agents. 133 of them were isolated from the water column, 277 from stone fouling, 17 from «healthy» sponges, and 20 from «diseased» sponges of Lake Baikal. We have revealed 9 sensitive strains and 36 strains resistant to all antibiotics. A high percentage of bacterial strains from both plankton (34–82 %) and periphyton (23–94 %) are resistant to a number of broad-spectrum antibiotics. At the same time, they have different sensitivity to azithromycin, vancomycin, tetracycline, and meropenem. The strains isolated from periphyton showed the most effective antimicrobial activity to azithromycin, tetracycline and meroperem; those isolated from water showed the most effective antimicrobial activity to meroperem. The strains sensitive to antibiotics (18–71 %) prevail in the microbial community of «healthy» sponges. At the same time, the microbial community of «diseased» sponges has a larger share of sensitive strains, which accounts for 30–75 %. The proportion of resistant strains with gram-negative cell wall is higher for most antibiotics compared to the gram-positive bacteria.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72927306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).670-677
A. Shirinkina, S. Astafiev, A. Makarova
Construction is one of the leading economic activities. The organization of the construction industry ensures the focus of all organizational, technical and technological solutions to achieve the end result, i.e. the commissioning of a facility of the appropriate quality within the established deadline. The image of the territory is of great importance for the investor, because it is very risky to invest one’s resources and to know in advance that the territory has a negative reputation. There are a lot of territories in the Irkutsk region and in Russia as a whole that require integrated development, as the city center is built up fairly densely and it proves to be rather difficult to buy accommodation or build a facility there. Therefore, the development of the territory outside the city is of vital importance. Thus, managing the investment attractiveness of the comprehensive development territories of the municipalities is relevant.
{"title":"Investment Attractiveness of the Integrated Territory Development","authors":"A. Shirinkina, S. Astafiev, A. Makarova","doi":"10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).670-677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).670-677","url":null,"abstract":"Construction is one of the leading economic activities. The organization of the construction industry ensures the focus of all organizational, technical and technological solutions to achieve the end result, i.e. the commissioning of a facility of the appropriate quality within the established deadline. The image of the territory is of great importance for the investor, because it is very risky to invest one’s resources and to know in advance that the territory has a negative reputation. There are a lot of territories in the Irkutsk region and in Russia as a whole that require integrated development, as the city center is built up fairly densely and it proves to be rather difficult to buy accommodation or build a facility there. Therefore, the development of the territory outside the city is of vital importance. Thus, managing the investment attractiveness of the comprehensive development territories of the municipalities is relevant.","PeriodicalId":9341,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Baikal State University","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74987721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-20DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(4).576-580
E. Bushueva
The language is a specific type of human activity, «a shape of thought». As a means of communication, it acts as an exponent of the speaker’s spirit and world outlook. The issue of shaping a linguistic world view in students of non-linguistic colleges and, in particular, the problem of the language impact on the way of view of life still requires its solution. The author of the article harks back to the history of foreign linguistic school of thoughts of German linguists Wilhelm von Humboldt (founder of theoretical linguistics) and Johann Leo Weisgerber (who proposed the term «the linguistic world view»), of American ethno-linguists Edward Sepir (author of the comprehensive typological classification of languages of the world) and Benjamin Whorf (author of the theory of linguistic relativity), of an English philosopher John Langsho Ostin, one of the creators of the theory of speech acts. The article mentions some ideas of the Russian world view presented in works of the national linguists, such as A.A. Potebnya, A. Vezhbitskaya, Ye.S. Kubryakova, V.M. Vorobyev. Drawing on many years of experience of teaching the English language in departments of international relations, linguistics and translation studies in St. Petersburg Institute for External Economic Relations, Economics and Law, the author examines the methods of shaping the linguistic world view in students of International Relations and Linguistics. As an example, the author brings forth a scenario of the lecture course in the discipline «Professional Foreign Language (English) in Studying the Topic «National Identity».
语言是人类活动的一种特殊类型，是“一种思想形态”。作为一种交流手段，它是说话人精神和世界观的体现。非语言类高校学生语言世界观的塑造问题，特别是语言对生活方式的影响问题，仍然需要解决。本文的作者回顾了德国语言学家洪堡(理论语言学的奠基人)和提出“语言世界观”一词的魏斯格伯(John Leo Weisgerber)、美国民族语言学家塞皮尔(《世界语言综合类型学分类》的作者)和沃尔夫(《语言相对论》的作者)、英国哲学家奥斯廷(John Langsho Ostin)等外国语言学派的思想史。言语行为理论的创立者之一。本文介绍了国内语言学家Potebnya、Vezhbitskaya、Ye.S.等人的著作中对俄罗斯世界观的一些看法。库布里亚科娃，V.M.沃罗比耶夫。根据在圣彼得堡对外经济关系、经济和法律学院国际关系、语言学和翻译研究系教授英语多年的经验，作者探讨了在国际关系和语言学专业学生中塑造语言世界观的方法。以《专业外语(英语)》课程为例，以“民族认同”为研究主题。
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