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Modeling of the Social Role of the Guardianship Authorities to Support Management Decision-Making 监护机构支持管理决策的社会角色建模
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).239-243
V. Marenko, O. Anokhina
The article considers various aspects of guardianship. As foster families often face psychological and educational problems when bringing up foster children and need appropriate assistance, proper research appears to be relevant. The authors analyzed the number of orphaned children using the data of the annual abstract of statistics of the Russian Federation. The forecast of a change in the number of orphaned children in the Russian Federation in general and in Siberian Federal District in particular is given. Although there is positive dynamics of finding families for orphaned children, their number still tends to be growing according to both the pessimistic and the optimistic forecast. The objective of this article is to build a cognitive model and to carry out a simulation experiment to reveal the most significant influencing factors.
本文考虑了监护的各个方面。由于寄养家庭在抚养寄养儿童时经常面临心理和教育问题,需要适当的帮助,因此适当的研究似乎是相关的。作者利用俄罗斯联邦年度统计摘要的数据分析了孤儿人数。对整个俄罗斯联邦,特别是西伯利亚联邦区的孤儿人数的变化作出了预测。虽然在为孤儿寻找家庭方面有积极的动力,但根据悲观和乐观的预测,他们的人数仍然趋于增加。本文的目的是建立一个认知模型,并进行仿真实验,以揭示最显著的影响因素。
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引用次数: 0
Enterprise Architecture as an Instrument for the Purposes of the Investment Project 作为投资项目目的工具的企业架构
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).280-288
Tikhon Kremlev, L. Troitskaya
Investment design is one of the most important ways of efficient resources consumption planning and decision-making by the market actor. The theory of enterprise management is changing greatly under the influence of the surrounding realities. This format can undergo significant changes with the appearance of the digital economy and its development within the framework of the enterprise architecture approach. The article considers the essence of the enterprise architecture and explains its content using the developed methods and templates. It also deals with their differences between each other in the order of their forms development, clarifying the main change. At the end of the article, the authors discuss, how exactly market actors can apply enterprise architecture depending on the chosen architect’s role. It also explains its main limitations as of an instrument. The authors draw a conclusion as far as its application is concerned.
投资设计是市场主体进行有效资源消费规划和决策的重要途径之一。在现实环境的影响下,企业管理理论正在发生着巨大的变化。随着数字经济的出现及其在企业架构方法框架内的发展,这种格式可能会发生重大变化。本文考虑了企业体系结构的本质,并使用开发的方法和模板解释了其内容。并从形态发展的先后顺序上论述了它们之间的差异,阐明了它们的主要变化。在文章的最后,作者讨论了市场参与者如何根据所选择的架构师的角色准确地应用企业架构。它还解释了它作为一种乐器的主要局限性。作者就其应用作了总结。
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引用次数: 0
Modern Brands as Images of the City in the Public Opinion: an Analysis of the Research on the Example of the City of Irkutsk 现代品牌作为舆论中的城市形象——以伊尔库茨克市为例的研究分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).198-206
N. Sidorova, E. Struk, E. Zimina
In the era of the competition of cities for their inhabitants and attracting investment for their development, an interesting, recognizable (strong) brand has a significant impact on its competitiveness. At the same time, the analysis of modern scientific literature indicates the absence of a unified approach to the definition of a brand; a particular difficulty is the insufficient definition of the concepts of a territory brand and a city brand. This article is devoted to the study of the development problems and the formation of the brand of Irkutsk. The aim of the work is the analysis of various sociological studies conducted in recent years, in which the opinion of the inhabitants of the city of Irkutsk on its image is studied. The results will serve as one of the elements in the development of the city’s brand. The authors analyze the sociological studies which used various research methods: a semi-structured interview, a questionnaire, a content analysis of electronic media. They observe the individual components of the city’s image and highlight their influence on the formation of the city’s brand. The authors identify the key city symbols and interpret their specific character according to the Irkutsk residents. They come to the conclusion that the inhabitants of Irkutsk consider it necessary to form the concept of the city, which should become the basis for creating a brand of the city and of the territory as a whole.
在城市争夺居民和为城市发展吸引投资的时代,一个有趣的、可识别的(强大的)品牌对城市的竞争力有着重要的影响。同时,对现代科学文献的分析表明,对品牌的定义缺乏统一的方法;一个特别的难点是地域品牌和城市品牌概念的界定不够。本文致力于研究伊尔库茨克的发展问题和品牌的形成。这项工作的目的是分析近年来进行的各种社会学研究,其中研究了伊尔库茨克市居民对其形象的看法。其结果将成为城市品牌发展的要素之一。本文采用半结构化访谈法、问卷调查法、电子媒体内容分析法等多种研究方法对社会学研究成果进行分析。他们观察城市形象的各个组成部分,并强调它们对城市品牌形成的影响。作者根据伊尔库茨克居民的特点,确定了城市的主要标志,并对其特征进行了解释。他们得出的结论是,伊尔库茨克居民认为有必要形成城市的概念,这应该成为创建城市和整个领土品牌的基础。
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引用次数: 2
Tools of Efficiency Improvement of the Integrated Structures Functioning in Industry 工业集成结构效率提升的工具
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).297-304
N. Tsibanova
The article presents the results of the problems research in the field of integrated structures management in industry. It proposes new approaches to the modernization of the functioning of these associations. The author sees the ways of improving the efficiency of integrated industrial structures in the application of modern management tools, such as improving the structure of associations through the creation of horizontal network links, through the introduction of multi-agent technologies and through the development of a new model of interaction between participants of associations. The result of the research is identification of a new efficiency indicator of the integrated structures functioning and the development of a model for the functioning of horizontal networked industrial associations, built on the basis of the principles of interaction between members of cluster structures.
本文介绍了工业结构集成管理领域的问题研究成果。它提出了使这些协会的职能现代化的新办法。作者在现代管理工具的应用中看到了提高一体化产业结构效率的方法,例如通过创建横向网络链接、通过引入多主体技术以及通过开发一种新的协会参与者之间互动模式来改善协会结构。研究的结果是在集群结构成员间相互作用原则的基础上,确定了一个新的综合结构功能效率指标,并建立了横向网络化产业协会功能模型。
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引用次数: 0
The Contemporary Peculiarities and the Prospects of the Foreign Trade Cooperation Development of the Baikal Region and the Peoples Republic of China 贝加尔湖地区与中华人民共和国对外贸易合作发展的当代特点与前景
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).213-226
Viktor Kolodin, Y. Sukhodolov
Nowadays, Russian-Chinese trade and economic cooperation has positive dynamics of development. In 2018, the foreign trade turnover between Russia and China accounted for $ 108,2 bln. However, notwithstanding the achieved results, there is still a number of serious problems. The main ones are an insignificant share of Russia in the foreign trade turnover of China (approximately 2 %) and raw-material orientation of Russian export to China (the share of mineral products in the export accounts for 76 %). The basis of the export and import pattern of Russian-Chinese trade is formed at the regional level. Nowadays, China is the main foreign trade partner of the Baikal Region, the share of which in the overall volume of Russian-Chinese foreign trade accounts for 5,5 % (8,9 % in the export, and 1,9 % in the import). The Baikal Region is export-oriented. Raw materials prevail in the trade pattern of the export to China, the share of which accounts for more than 90 % of the overall export. Search for directions and modernization instruments for economy and a switch over to the innovative development have become especially significant for the regions of Siberia and the Far East under the current conditions, taking into account the predictions for the global economy. The further development of the bilateral cooperation should be based on serving the interests and economic security of Russia. Thus, an advantageous direction for expansion of the trade and economic cooperation of the Baikal Region and China is an increase of the raw materials processing depth and of the export volume of the manufactured goods.
当前,俄中经贸合作呈现出积极发展态势。2018年,俄中对外贸易额达到1082亿美元。然而,尽管取得了成果,仍然存在一些严重的问题。主要是俄罗斯在中国对外贸易额中所占的份额微不足道(约为2%),以及俄罗斯对华出口的原材料取向(矿产品在出口中所占的份额为76%)。俄中贸易进出口格局的基础是在区域层面上形成的。目前,中国是贝加尔湖地区的主要对外贸易伙伴,占俄中对外贸易总额的5.5%(其中出口占8.9%,进口占1.9%)。贝加尔湖地区以出口为主。原材料在对华出口的贸易格局中占主导地位,占整体出口的90%以上。考虑到对全球经济的预测,在当前条件下,对西伯利亚和远东地区来说,寻找经济发展的方向和现代化手段以及转向创新发展变得尤为重要。进一步发展两国合作应以服务俄罗斯利益和经济安全为基础。因此,扩大贝加尔湖地区与中国经贸合作的有利方向是提高原材料加工深度和制成品出口量。
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引用次数: 0
Color Symbolism in Literary and Philosophical Works by Existentialists 存在主义文学哲学作品中的色彩象征主义
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).193-197
S. Prokhorenkova
Studies of color symbolism of existentialism and expressionism are of relevant importance in several branches of knowledge: in philosophy, literature, dramaturgy, ethics and aesthetics. The phenomenon of color perception is also essential in the figurative and music arts. Thus, the main focus of this article, dedicated to the literary and philosophical works by Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre and Franz Kafka, is on interpretation of light and color perception.
对存在主义和表现主义色彩象征主义的研究在哲学、文学、戏剧、伦理学和美学等领域都具有重要意义。色彩感知现象在具象艺术和音乐艺术中也是必不可少的。因此,本文的主要焦点是对加缪、萨特和卡夫卡的文学和哲学作品的解读。
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引用次数: 0
Rationality as a Characteristic of Decision-Making Process: Comparative Analysis of Various Paradigm Approaches 作为决策过程特征的理性:各种范式方法的比较分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).289-296
Irina Shavkunova
Classical economic theory traditionally considers the economic behavior of economic entities as rational, but modern studies convincingly prove the predominance of rather irrational motives in the process of making economic decisions. Within the framework of traditional economic analysis, which is based on the rationality postulate, it is difficult and often impossible to explain the behavior of subjects that demonstrate a clear departure from the principles of rational behavior. A detailed study of the problems of economic choice (economic decision-making), rational behavior of economic subjects, as well as the conditions and nature of deviations from the criteria of rationality is difficult within the framework of the methodology of a single social science. However, in modern scientific discourse there is no single interpretation of the category «rationality»; various social sciences consider the concept of rationality in different ways. Rationality as a scientific category is quite a multi-valued concept. All this actualizes a comparative analysis of different paradigm approaches to the definition of rationality as a characteristic of the selection process (decision-making).
古典经济理论传统上认为经济实体的经济行为是理性的,但现代研究令人信服地证明,在经济决策过程中,相当非理性的动机占主导地位。在基于理性假设的传统经济分析框架内,很难而且往往不可能解释那些明显偏离理性行为原则的主体的行为。在单一社会科学的方法论框架内,很难对经济选择(经济决策)、经济主体的理性行为以及偏离理性标准的条件和性质等问题进行详细的研究。然而,在现代科学话语中,对“理性”这一范畴没有单一的解释;各种社会科学以不同的方式考虑理性的概念。理性作为一个科学范畴,是一个具有多重价值的概念。所有这些都实现了对将理性定义为选择过程(决策)特征的不同范式方法的比较分析。
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引用次数: 0
Filtration Capacities of Lubomirskia baicalensis Biocenosis in Conditions of a Model Experiment 黄芩生物滤池在模型实验条件下的过滤能力
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).179-184
O. Belykh, L. Glyzin, Еlena Konstantinova, O. Glyzina
The paper is dedicated to the fundamental research problem of biochemical ecology, i.e. to the identification of interaction mechanisms of anthropogenic pollution and organisms. The data on Baikal lake hydrobionts filtration capacities are essential in order to determine their ecological value when using them in aquaculture. The paper presents the data on studies of Baikal lake endemic species Lubomirskia baicalensis in model experiments with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which inhibit biodegradation, are carcinogenic, slow-soluble and tend to accumulate on the bottom of lake Baikal. The article discusses the results of the model experiments on the influence of priority toxicants (naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene) on the endemic species Lubomirskia baicalensis, carried out in 2015–2016. A comparative analysis with the data of the 2006 experiment is given. The change of the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in healthy and sick sponges is shown. The authors draw a conclusion that the highest rate of decrease in content is observed during the first hours of 6–12 hour exposure and within 24–36 hours of exposure, approximately 5–10 % of the stock concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons remains in the water.
本文致力于生物化学生态学的基础研究问题,即确定人为污染与生物的相互作用机制。贝加尔湖水生生物过滤能力的数据对于确定其在水产养殖中使用时的生态价值至关重要。本文介绍了贝加尔湖特有物种黄芩Lubomirskia baicalensis的模型实验数据,多环芳烃具有抑制生物降解、致癌性、慢溶性和易在贝加尔湖底积累的特点。本文讨论了2015-2016年重点毒物(萘、蒽、芘)对黄芩特有种Lubomirskia baicalensis影响的模型实验结果。并与2006年的实验数据进行了对比分析。显示了健康海绵和患病海绵中多环芳烃含量的变化。作者得出结论,在6-12小时暴露的最初几个小时内,多环芳烃含量下降的速度最快,在24-36小时内,水中约有5 - 10%的多环芳烃残留。
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引用次数: 1
The Role of University in Students Employment Issues 大学在学生就业问题中的作用
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).207-212
L. Volchenko, S. Malyutina
Employment of graduates from higher educational institutions depends on many factors, but primarily, on the person. The graduates’ career will depend on their competitiveness on the labor market and their ability to learn. The willingness to get a job and to be financially independent makes a lot of students start working during their studies at university. Very often their jobs are not connected with their major. The authors carried out a poll among senior students concerning their employment and the role of University in it to identify significance of their jobs and employment problems after graduation from university for them. The results of the poll are analyzed in the article, the main directions of University assistance in finding a job, in the respondents’ opinion, are specified.
高等院校毕业生的就业取决于许多因素,但主要还是取决于个人。毕业生的职业生涯将取决于他们在劳动力市场上的竞争力和学习能力。许多学生在大学期间就开始工作,因为他们愿意找一份工作,并且在经济上独立。他们的工作往往与专业无关。作者对高年级学生进行了一项关于他们的就业和大学在其中的作用的民意调查,以确定他们的工作和毕业后就业问题对他们的意义。文章对调查结果进行了分析,明确了被调查者认为大学帮助找工作的主要方向。
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引用次数: 0
The Model of Creation and Implementation of the Interregional Project «Yenisei Siberia» “叶尼塞西伯利亚”跨区域项目的创建和实施模式
Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.17150/2500-2759.2019.29(2).324-331
V. Samarukha, T. Krasnova, S. Trusova
The article is devoted to the essential issue of interregional socio-economic integration of the three regions of the Siberian Federal district: Krasnoyarsk region, the Republic of Khakassia and the Republic of Tuva. The Yenisei Siberia project supports the trend of the Russian economy turn to the East and strengthens the economic ties both within the Siberian regions and with other regions of Russia and the border countries. The article clarifies the definition of interregional socio-economic integration, shows the advantages and the existing models of regional integration, justifies the application of the possible model of integration for Yenisei Siberia, shows the potential negative consequences and risks of interregional integration, and presents the investment portfolio of the project.
本文专门讨论西伯利亚联邦区的三个地区:克拉斯诺亚尔斯克地区、哈卡斯共和国和图瓦共和国的区域间社会经济一体化的基本问题。叶尼塞西伯利亚项目支持俄罗斯经济转向东方的趋势,并加强西伯利亚地区内部以及与俄罗斯其他地区和边境国家的经济联系。本文明确了区域间社会经济一体化的定义,展示了区域一体化的优势和现有模式,论证了叶尼塞西伯利亚可能的一体化模式的应用,展示了区域间一体化的潜在负面影响和风险,并介绍了项目的投资组合。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Bulletin of Baikal State University
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