Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique最新文献

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune epithelitis, rarely described in black Africa. We report its epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects in a Senegalese hospital environment. A retrospective, crosssectional study was carried out in the rheumatology and internal medicine departments of Aristide-Le-Dantec University Hospital of Dakar, between January 2012 and September 2016, where the observations of SS whose diagnosis, in line with the American-European consensus criteria of 2002, were enrolled. We collected 370 observations of SS, 327 women and 43 men, a sex-ratio of 1:9. These were 251 primitive forms (pSS) and 119 secondary forms (sSS). The hospital prevalence of pSS was 5%. The mean age was 42 ± 15 years and the time taken for diagnosis was 7 years. The familial forms totaled 47 index cases with a relative risk of occurrence of the disease estimated at 6.3% for firstdegree relatives. The juvenile forms totaled 7 cases of pSS. Dry syndrome was constant: oral (87%) and ocular (84%). Extra glandular manifestations were present in 87%. Arthritis was erosive in 75 cases and secondary to Rheumatoid arthritis. Autoantibodies (rheumatoid factors [49/147], anti-CCP [24/79], Sjögren's syndrome autoantigen A [anti- Ro/SSA] 41/140, Sjögren's syndrome autoantigen B [anti-La/SSB] [22/140], anti-nuclear [14/55] and cryoglobulin 1) were objectified. The histology practiced in 253/370 patients was contributory in 229 of them. According to the ESSPRI score (Eular Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index), 77% of patients had unbearable symptoms. NHP (Nottingham Health Profile) and SF-36 (Short Form [36] Health Survey) confirmed this deterioration in the quality of life. The ESSDAI score (Eular Sjögren Syndrome Disease Activity Index) showed persistent activity of the disease. The evolution was overall favorable. The hospital prevalence of pSS was 5%. It is predominant in women with an average age of 42 years. Glandular and systemic manifestations are frequent. The functional repercussions and the alteration of the quality of life are notable.

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of real-time PCR (qPCR) in the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Culture, direct microscopic examination (DE) and qPCR were performed on dermal exudate samples collected from 235 confirmed CL cases. The qPCR was found to be more sensitive than other diagnostic techniques and was able to correct the diagnosis in 49 patients (20.9%) with negative dermal smears. Median parasitic load (PL) of the 49 dermal exudates with negative DE was lower than that of positive ones in microscopy. This suggests that PL likely impact the sensitivity of microscopy. On the other hand, qPCR was performed on DNA extracts of scraped products collected from the 23 out of 49 archived negative Giemsa-stained slides and showed 11 positive. Parasitic loads in the latter smears were lower than those in corresponding exudates. The results highlight qPCR relevance for the diagnosis of CL and recommend its use directly on dermal exudates collected from CL lesions.

With 2.9% of HIV prevalence in the general population, Côte d'Ivoire is one of the countries most affected by the HIV epidemic in West Africa. In this country, only 63% of people infected with HIV are aware of their status. A cross-sectional phone survey was conducted with a representative sample of 3,867 individuals to describe the practices and factors associated with a recent HIV testing (≤ 1 year) in Côte d'Ivoire. Data relative to the last done HIV test as well as the socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, access to information, perceptions, capacities and autonomy as well as social and geographical environment of the participants were collected. Logistical regression models were used to identify the associated factors with a recent HIV test (≤ 1 year). Lack of information is one of the main barriers to HIV testing (only 60% of individuals know a place to get tested). For men, despite the fact that HIV testing is free of charge, poor economic conditions seem to be a barrier to testing. The social environment, including peer influence, also appears to have an effect on testing among men. For women, testing is associated with their perceptions of HIV exposure. There is a need to rethink the current HIV testing communication in Côte d'Ivoire and to identify economic or social incentives to remove access barriers to HIV testing.

This article focuses on some representations of the origin of AIDS and Ebola in Burkina Faso, against a new background of Covid-19 which began in early 2020 in connection with two animals: the spider and the bat. These are also, if not first and foremost, heroes of oral literature (from tales to myths) from this region of West Africa. It is up to anthropologists to explore the meandering symbolism and imagination of these liminal animals that move back and forth between the worlds inhabited by humans and the "bush" worlds of non-humans. Here arises a mythological anamnesis. These "trickster" animals challenge categories and understanding of both virologists and anthropologists.

The Moroccan phlebotomine fauna is composed of 24 species whose morphological determination may be difficult for non-taxonomists. The identification keys, presented here, allow the identification of sandflies genera and species in Morocco and will facilitate future studies on these insects of medical importance, Leishmaniasis vectors.

This study aims to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic characteristics of patients followed for tuberculosis at the Regional Hospital Center of Tahoua (Niger) as well as their outcomes.We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study from the medical records of patients followed for tuberculosis between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019. A total of 465 patients were included in the present study (304 men and 161 women; mean age: 30 years). Patients coming from urban areas represented 51% of the cases. Bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis represented 63% of the cases, 15% of clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and 22% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis including Pott's disease. The HIV testing rate was 97.8%. Tuberculosis-HIV association represented 13% of the cases. The therapeutic success was 90.5%. The lethality rate was 5.2% (24/465). Among 24 patients who died, three had tuberculosis-HIV association.