Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512231
Laura Rodrigáñez , Alexander Sistiaga , Fernando López , Eduardo Ferrandis , Pedro Diaz de Cerio , Pablo Parente , Alejandro Castro , Javier Gavilán
There have been multiple classifications of neck dissections for decades in the literature, but none of them has been completely imposed worldwide. After an exhaustive review of them, the Oncology and Head and Neck Surgery Commission of the SEORL-CCC has agreed on its own classification to standardize neck dissections to be able to compare results.
The Oncology and Head and Neck Surgery Commission of the SEORL-CCC considers that neck dissections should be classified according to the type of surgical approach performed (functional or radical) and its extension pursuant to the anatomical areas dissected (comprehensive or selective).
{"title":"SEORL-CCC consensus on the nomenclature of neck dissections","authors":"Laura Rodrigáñez , Alexander Sistiaga , Fernando López , Eduardo Ferrandis , Pedro Diaz de Cerio , Pablo Parente , Alejandro Castro , Javier Gavilán","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There have been multiple classifications of neck dissections for decades in the literature, but none of them has been completely imposed worldwide. After an exhaustive review of them, the Oncology and Head and Neck Surgery Commission of the SEORL-CCC has agreed on its own classification to standardize neck dissections to be able to compare results.</div><div>The Oncology and Head and Neck Surgery Commission of the SEORL-CCC considers that neck dissections should be classified according to the type of surgical approach performed (functional or radical) and its extension pursuant to the anatomical areas dissected (comprehensive or selective).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 3","pages":"Article 512231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512225
Montserrat Asensi-Diaz, Monica Hernando Cuñado, Alex Lowy Benoliel, Juan Antonio Pasamontes Pingarron, Carlos Martin-Oviedo, Rosalia Souviron Encabo, Maria Scola Torres, Miguel Aristegui
Introduction
During the COVID-19 pandemic, ENT infections decreased but became more severe when combined with COVID-19. Post-pandemic, there has been a notable rise in ENT infections globally, particularly ear infections. In our region, we observed an increase in complicated pediatric ENT infections requiring urgent surgical intervention after the end of preventive measures. This study investigates the changes in ENT infection profiles in Madrid, Spain, following the pandemic.
Material and methods
We analyzed data from children who underwent urgent ENT surgical interventions at a Spanish tertiary hospital between January 2018 and December 2023. The data was divided into three groups: pre-pandemic (1st group), during the pandemic with preventive measures (2nd group), and post-pandemic after the removal of these measures (3rd group). Variables included demographics, clinical data, imaging, treatment, and hospitalization duration.
Results
The study involved 87 children (58.6% male) with a mean age of 6.4 years. There was a significant overall increase in ENT infections in the 3rd group compared to the 1st and 2nd groups (p = 0.036). Specifically, ear infections increased significantly after the removal of social measures (p = 0.033). In the 3rd group, Streptococcus pyogenes infections increased (p = 0.028), with Amoxicillin becoming the predominant treatment (p = 0.047), as opposed to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid used for Fusobacterium in earlier periods (p = 0.00).
Discussion and conclusion
The pandemic has shifted the ENT infection profile, with increased ear infections and a rise in Group A streptococcus post-pandemic. This underscores the need for updated treatment strategies for pediatric ENT infections.
{"title":"ENT pediatric infection diseases and its relationship with COVID-19. Results of a retrospective cohort study in Madrid, Spain","authors":"Montserrat Asensi-Diaz, Monica Hernando Cuñado, Alex Lowy Benoliel, Juan Antonio Pasamontes Pingarron, Carlos Martin-Oviedo, Rosalia Souviron Encabo, Maria Scola Torres, Miguel Aristegui","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, ENT infections decreased but became more severe when combined with COVID-19. Post-pandemic, there has been a notable rise in ENT infections globally, particularly ear infections. In our region, we observed an increase in complicated pediatric ENT infections requiring urgent surgical intervention after the end of preventive measures. This study investigates the changes in ENT infection profiles in Madrid, Spain, following the pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from children who underwent urgent ENT surgical interventions at a Spanish tertiary hospital between January 2018 and December 2023. The data was divided into three groups: pre-pandemic (1st group), during the pandemic with preventive measures (2nd group), and post-pandemic after the removal of these measures (3rd group). Variables included demographics, clinical data, imaging, treatment, and hospitalization duration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study involved 87 children (58.6% male) with a mean age of 6.4 years. There was a significant overall increase in ENT infections in the 3rd group compared to the 1st and 2nd groups (p = 0.036). Specifically, ear infections increased significantly after the removal of social measures (p = 0.033). In the 3rd group, <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> infections increased (p = 0.028), with Amoxicillin becoming the predominant treatment (p = 0.047), as opposed to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid used for <em>Fusobacterium</em> in earlier periods (p = 0.00).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>The pandemic has shifted the ENT infection profile, with increased ear infections and a rise in <em>Group A streptococcus</em> post-pandemic. This underscores the need for updated treatment strategies for pediatric ENT infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 3","pages":"Article 512225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512232
Monica Rueda Vega, Alex Lowy Benoliel, Rosalía Souvirón Encabo
{"title":"Epignathus: An unusual cause of airway obstruction in the newborn","authors":"Monica Rueda Vega, Alex Lowy Benoliel, Rosalía Souvirón Encabo","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 3","pages":"Article 512232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512219
Juan Maza-Solano , Ainhoa García-Lliberós , Xenia Mota-Rojas , Andrea Barrios , Christian Calvo-Henríquez , Isam Alobid , Serafín Sánchez-Gómez , Leigh J Sowerby
Background
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent disease responsible for significant morbidity. Diagnostic criteria are well established but response to clinical and surgical treatment need greater consistency. The objective of this paper was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the CRS-PRO to the Spanish language for its use as a routine questionnaire in the evaluation of CRS.
Methods
The CRS-PRO questionnaire was translated using a three-step procedure in 50 patients, following the recommendations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Native speakers of both European and South American Spanish participated in the translation.
Results
Of the initial 12 items, 4 were discordant among the three translators before a consensus was reached (Step 1). The item “breathe through the nose” (1/12) did not match between the back translation and the initial version of the CRS-PRO (Step 2). Step 3 generated a final revised Spanish version of the CRS-PRO. Fifty patients (average age 51.1, 48% male) completed the questionnaire. Significant gender differences were found in responses to “My face hurt” (P = .043). Significant differences in “My face hurt” also appeared for those completing the questionnaire in less than 80 s (P = .047). Differences in “problems with smell” (P = .039) were noted between chronic rhinosinusitis with and without polyposis.
Conclusion
This study presents the validated and Spanish-adapted version of the CRS-PRO questionnaire to evaluate CRS symptoms in the Spanish-speaking population.
{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation of the CRS-PRO questionnaire into Spanish","authors":"Juan Maza-Solano , Ainhoa García-Lliberós , Xenia Mota-Rojas , Andrea Barrios , Christian Calvo-Henríquez , Isam Alobid , Serafín Sánchez-Gómez , Leigh J Sowerby","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent disease responsible for significant morbidity. Diagnostic criteria are well established but response to clinical and surgical treatment need greater consistency. The objective of this paper was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the CRS-PRO to the Spanish language for its use as a routine questionnaire in the evaluation of CRS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The CRS-PRO questionnaire was translated using a three-step procedure in 50 patients, following the recommendations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Native speakers of both European and South American Spanish participated in the translation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the initial 12 items, 4 were discordant among the three translators before a consensus was reached (Step 1). The item “breathe through the nose” (1/12) did not match between the back translation and the initial version of the CRS-PRO (Step 2). Step 3 generated a final revised Spanish version of the CRS-PRO. Fifty patients (average age 51.1, 48% male) completed the questionnaire. Significant gender differences were found in responses to “My face hurt” (<em>P</em> = .043). Significant differences in “My face hurt” also appeared for those completing the questionnaire in less than 80 s (<em>P</em> = .047). Differences in “problems with smell” (<em>P</em> = .039) were noted between chronic rhinosinusitis with and without polyposis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study presents the validated and Spanish-adapted version of the CRS-PRO questionnaire to evaluate CRS symptoms in the Spanish-speaking population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 3","pages":"Article 512219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tracheoesophageal (TEP) speech is the main voice rehabilitation method following laryngectomy. Pharyngoesophageal hypertonicity is one of the main causes for failure to achieve tracheoesophageal speech after laryngectomy. Botulinum toxin A (BTA) has been used to chemically denervate the pharyngeal musculature, and is an alternative to invasive surgical procedures. The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness and safety of this procedure.
Material & methods
A retrospective cohort study from 2019 to 2023 was performed of 20 patients with failure to achieve a functional tracheoesophageal voice following laryngectomy. These patients undergone local pharyngoesophageal segment BTA injection. A total of 100 units of BTA were injected at 6 different sites, 3 in each side.
Perceptual ratings of voice quality were performed before and 72 h after BTA injection by a speech therapist using a 7-point equal-appearing interval scale.
Results
Speech quality mean rating (μ) improved from 2.05 before to 4.55 after BTA injection (P = .004), 17 (85%) patients had an improvement in postinjection perceptual TEP speech quality ratings, with scores in the good-to-excellent range (5–6 in the 7-point equal-appearing interval scale) in 12 patients (60%).
Three patients (15%) didn’t improve their voice quality, two of them with no discernible TEP speech.
No adverse effects were reported.
Conclusions
The majority of the patients enrolled in this study (85%) showed an improvement in TEP speech following BTA injection. This is a safe and effective method to improve TEP speech following laryngectomy.
{"title":"Improving voice quality in laryngectomy patients with botulinum toxin A","authors":"Gonçalo Caetano , Filipa Morgado , Joana Póvoa , Francisco Branquinho","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Tracheoesophageal (TEP) speech is the main voice rehabilitation method following laryngectomy. Pharyngoesophageal hypertonicity is one of the main causes for failure to achieve tracheoesophageal speech after laryngectomy. Botulinum toxin A (BTA) has been used to chemically denervate the pharyngeal musculature, and is an alternative to invasive surgical procedures. The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness and safety of this procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Material & methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study from 2019 to 2023 was performed of 20 patients with failure to achieve a functional tracheoesophageal voice following laryngectomy. These patients undergone local pharyngoesophageal segment BTA injection. A total of 100 units of BTA were injected at 6 different sites, 3 in each side.</div><div>Perceptual ratings of voice quality were performed before and 72 h after BTA injection by a speech therapist using a 7-point equal-appearing interval scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Speech quality mean rating (μ) improved from 2.05 before to 4.55 after BTA injection (<em>P</em> = .004), 17 (85%) patients had an improvement in postinjection perceptual TEP speech quality ratings, with scores in the good-to-excellent range (5–6 in the 7-point equal-appearing interval scale) in 12 patients (60%).</div><div>Three patients (15%) didn’t improve their voice quality, two of them with no discernible TEP speech.</div><div>No adverse effects were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The majority of the patients enrolled in this study (85%) showed an improvement in TEP speech following BTA injection. This is a safe and effective method to improve TEP speech following laryngectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 3","pages":"Article 512222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a newly defined inflammatory cytokine that is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene family. This cytokine is expressed in structural cells, such as the vascular endothelium, bronchial epithelial cells, keratinocytes, epithelial cells of the stomach, and fibroblastic reticular cells of lymphoid tissues. Several studies suggest that IL-33 plays a role in head-and-neck cancer. The aim of this study was to retrospectively examine IL-33 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to evaluate its relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.
Methods
In this monocentric, retrospective analysis, the data of 43 cases diagnosed with primary NPC and 20 cases with normal nasopharyngeal tissue (diagnosed between 2014 and 2020) were evaluated regarding the relationship between the immunohistochemically analyzed IL-33 expression status and corresponding clinicopathological parameters.
Results
The mean age was 56.9 years. The majority (67.4%) of the patients had an early tumor stage (T1–T2). IL-33 expression was positive in 56% of the cases. The five-year overall survival rate was 77% for all patients, 90% for the patients with positive IL-33 expression, and 55% for those without IL-33 expression (p = 0.008, univariate analysis). In multivariate analysis, IL-33 expression was shown to be the only independent prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (p = 0.014).
Conclusion
This retrospective study showed that IL-33 expression could be considered an independent factor affecting positively prognosis in NPC.
{"title":"The effect of interleukin-33 expression on prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma","authors":"İbrahim Arslan , Hatice Yılmazçoban , Hülya Eyigör , Canan Sadullahoğlu , Derya Salim Kıvrak , Gözde Akgün , Ömer Tarık Selçuk","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a newly defined inflammatory cytokine that is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene family. This cytokine is expressed in structural cells, such as the vascular endothelium, bronchial epithelial cells, keratinocytes, epithelial cells of the stomach, and fibroblastic reticular cells of lymphoid tissues. Several studies suggest that IL-33 plays a role in head-and-neck cancer. The aim of this study was to retrospectively examine IL-33 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to evaluate its relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this monocentric, retrospective analysis, the data of 43 cases diagnosed with primary NPC and 20 cases with normal nasopharyngeal tissue (diagnosed between 2014 and 2020) were evaluated regarding the relationship between the immunohistochemically analyzed IL-33 expression status and corresponding clinicopathological parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 56.9 years. The majority (67.4%) of the patients had an early tumor stage (T1–T2). IL-33 expression was positive in 56% of the cases. The five-year overall survival rate was 77% for all patients, 90% for the patients with positive IL-33 expression, and 55% for those without IL-33 expression (<em>p</em> = 0.008, univariate analysis). In multivariate analysis, IL-33 expression was shown to be the only independent prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (<em>p</em> = 0.014).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This retrospective study showed that IL-33 expression could be considered an independent factor affecting positively prognosis in NPC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 2","pages":"Pages 76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139975500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.09.005
María Victoria Mallo-Miranda , Carmelo Morales-Angulo
Objectives
To detail the main otorhinolaryngological manifestations of autoinflammatory diseases, aiming to contribute to early diagnosis and treatment.
Data sources
Searches were conducted in PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane Library.
Review methods
A systematic review of the medical literature on autoinflammatory diseases was conducted to identify characteristic head and neck manifestations, using PRISMA criteria. Observational studies or systematic reviews with a minimum of 10 cases per disease were included. Qualitative synthesis and a risk assessment were carried out.
Results
Our review included 29 articles that met the inclusion criteria, with 10 to 486 patients per study. Autoinflammatory diseases with characteristic head and neck manifestations included VEXAS syndrome (auricular, nasal, or laryngotracheal chondritis), NPRL3-AID (hearing loss), NPRL12-AID (cervical lymphadenopathies, hearing loss and oral ulcers), HIDSs syndrome (painful cervical nodes and oral ulcers), haploinsufficiency A20 (oral ulcers), TRAPS (pharyngitis, aphthous stomatitis, periorbital edema, and cervical lymphadenopathies), Behcet’s disease (oral and pharyngeal ulcers), PFAPA syndrome (recurrent tonsillitis, oral ulcers, and painful cervical adenopathies), Kawasaki disease (cervical nodes, pharyngitis and changes in oral mucosa) and undefined periodic fever (pharyngitis, oral ulcers, and painful cervical nodes).
Conclusion
Given their complex diagnosis and unique head and neck manifestations, otolaryngologists must be well-versed in these diseases for early detection and treatment. ENT specialists should consider the possibility of an autoinflammatory disease when encountering symptoms such as auricular, nasal, or laryngeal chondritis, recurrent oral ulcers, painful inflammatory lymphadenopathies, periorbital edema, recurrent pharyngitis, or hearing loss within the context of compatible systemic conditions.
{"title":"Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of autoinflammatory diseases. Systematic review","authors":"María Victoria Mallo-Miranda , Carmelo Morales-Angulo","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To detail the main otorhinolaryngological manifestations of autoinflammatory diseases, aiming to contribute to early diagnosis and treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><div>Searches were conducted in PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane Library.</div></div><div><h3>Review methods</h3><div>A systematic review of the medical literature on autoinflammatory diseases was conducted to identify characteristic head and neck manifestations, using PRISMA criteria. Observational studies or systematic reviews with a minimum of 10 cases per disease were included. Qualitative synthesis and a risk assessment were carried out.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our review included 29 articles that met the inclusion criteria, with 10 to 486 patients per study. Autoinflammatory diseases with characteristic head and neck manifestations included VEXAS syndrome (auricular, nasal, or laryngotracheal chondritis), NPRL3-AID (hearing loss), NPRL12-AID (cervical lymphadenopathies, hearing loss and oral ulcers), HIDSs syndrome (painful cervical nodes and oral ulcers), haploinsufficiency A20 (oral ulcers), TRAPS (pharyngitis, aphthous stomatitis, periorbital edema, and cervical lymphadenopathies), Behcet’s disease (oral and pharyngeal ulcers), PFAPA syndrome (recurrent tonsillitis, oral ulcers, and painful cervical adenopathies), Kawasaki disease (cervical nodes, pharyngitis and changes in oral mucosa) and undefined periodic fever (pharyngitis, oral ulcers, and painful cervical nodes).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given their complex diagnosis and unique head and neck manifestations, otolaryngologists must be well-versed in these diseases for early detection and treatment. ENT specialists should consider the possibility of an autoinflammatory disease when encountering symptoms such as auricular, nasal, or laryngeal chondritis, recurrent oral ulcers, painful inflammatory lymphadenopathies, periorbital edema, recurrent pharyngitis, or hearing loss within the context of compatible systemic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 2","pages":"Pages 116-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.11.001
Hinpetch Daungsupawong , Viroj Wiwanitkit
{"title":"Bell's palsy and COVID-19: A cohort study with historical rate comparison: Comment","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong , Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93855,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"76 2","pages":"Pages 134-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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