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Psychosocial Risks and Resources at Work and Employee Well-being in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time Series of Cross-sections. 2019冠状病毒病大流行背景下工作中的社会心理风险和资源以及员工福祉:横截面时间序列
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003301
Jenni Ervasti, Jaakko Airaksinen, Jaana Pentti, Johanna Kausto, Matti Joensuu, Tuula Oksanen, Mika Kivimäki, Jussi Vahtera

Objective: We examined the relationships between psychosocial factors and employee well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Survey data were from Finnish public sector employees from 2018 (T1 = before), 2020 (T2 = during), and 2022 (T3 = after the pandemic) (N= 29,360). Employee well-being was measured with self-rated health, work ability, and recovery from work. The generalized linear models using Poisson distribution were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, obesity, and health behaviors.

Results: Psychosocial factors were associated with suboptimal employee well-being in every timepoint. The association between high effort-reward imbalance and suboptimal work ability was strongest during the pandemic (risk ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.47-1.59). The association between high job strain and suboptimal recovery from work was stronger during the pandemic (1.49, 1.46-1.52) than postpandemic (1.45, 1.43-1.48).

Conclusions: Job stress had the strongest associations with suboptimal well-being during the pandemic.

目的:探讨新冠肺炎大流行背景下社会心理因素与员工幸福感的关系。方法:调查数据来自2018年(T1 =疫情前)、2020年(T2 =疫情期间)和2022年(T3 =疫情后)的芬兰公共部门雇员(n = 29360)。员工的幸福感是通过自我评估的健康状况、工作能力和工作恢复来衡量的。使用泊松分布的广义线性模型对年龄、性别、社会经济地位、肥胖和健康行为进行了调整。结果:心理社会因素与各时间点员工幸福感次优相关。在大流行期间,高度努力-奖励不平衡与次优工作能力之间的相关性最强(风险比1.53,95%置信区间1.47-1.59)。大流行期间,高工作压力与工作恢复不佳之间的关联(1.49,1.46-1.52)强于大流行后(1.45,1.43-1.48)。结论:在大流行期间,工作压力与次优幸福感有最强烈的关联。
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引用次数: 0
Psychosocial Stress at Work and Risks for Burnout Among Hotel Workers. 酒店员工的工作心理压力与职业倦怠风险
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003280
Marie-Anne S Rosemberg, Bidisha Ghosh, Jin Jun, Julianne Armijo, Deanna J Marriott

Objective: Hotel workers are at risk for burnout. We tested the association between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and burnout.

Methods: Participants were recruited through social media and completed an online survey. ERI and burnout were analyzed using an adjusted multivariable regression model.

Results: Two hundred twenty-four hotel workers were surveyed. Eighty-three percent were female, 38% were guest room attendants, and 19% were in leadership. Most were White (62%), nonunionized (78%), and worked full-time (76%). The mean age was 39.4 (SD = 13). The mean burnout score was 41.8 (SD = 6.6, range of 20.0-59.0). 50.5% of participants reported high ERI, especially among leadership, food workers, and guest room attendants.

Conclusions: High ERI was associated with higher burnout. Older age was associated with reduced burnout. Hotel workers experience high levels of stress. Targeted interventions are necessary to foster coping and mitigate risk factors.

目的:酒店员工存在职业倦怠风险。我们测试了努力-回报不平衡(ERI)与职业倦怠之间的关系。方法:通过社交媒体招募参与者并完成在线调查。采用调整后的多变量回归模型对ERI和倦怠进行分析。结果:对224名酒店员工进行了调查。其中83%是女性,38%是客房服务员,19%是领导。大多数是白人(62%),非工会成员(78%),全职工作(76%)。平均年龄39.4岁(SD = 13)。平均倦怠得分为41.8分(SD = 6.6,范围为20.0 ~ 59.0)。50.5%的参与者报告了高ERI,尤其是在领导、食品工人和客房服务员中。结论:高ERI与高倦怠相关。年龄越大,倦怠程度越低。酒店工作人员的压力很大。有针对性的干预措施对于促进应对和减轻风险因素是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Air Pollution on Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma in Hefei, China, 2017-2022: A Time-Series Study. 合肥2017-2022年大气污染对急性闭角型青光眼影响的时间序列研究
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003277
Si-Tian Zhang, Li-Qing Wang, Yan-Cheng Fang, Wen-Bin Shen, Ying-Long Li, Bing Sun, Yong-Rong Li, Xue-Hai Huang, He-Ting Liu, Fen Huang, Yan-Feng Zhou

Objective: The study investigated the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in Hefei, China.

Methods: A combination of generalized additive models and distributed lag nonlinear models was used to explore the relationship between air pollutants and the incidence of AACG.

Results: Exposure-response curves showed that exposure to PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and O 3 were all positively correlated with the onset of AACG. Among them, NO 2 , and CO having higher relative risk values for AACG onset.

Conclusions: This study highlighted the potential risks of these pollutants and expanded the knowledge of the environmental role in AACG incidence, which will encourage local governments to adopt policy measures and guidance to improve public health.

摘要:目的:研究合肥地区大气污染物对急性闭角型青光眼(AACG)发病率的影响。方法:采用广义加性模型(GAM)和分布滞后非线性模型(DLNM)相结合的方法,探讨大气污染物与AACG发病的关系。结果:暴露-反应曲线显示pm2.5、pm10、no2、so2、CO、o3暴露均与AACG发病呈正相关。其中NO 2、CO对AACG发病具有较高的相对危险值。结论:本研究突出了这些污染物的潜在风险,扩大了对环境在AACG发病中的作用的认识,将鼓励地方政府采取政策措施和指导,改善公众健康。
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引用次数: 0
Guidance for Creating Morally Healthy Organizations That Remediate the Experience of Moral Injury in Health Care: Findings From an International e-Delphi Study. 指导建立道德健康的组织,以纠正医疗保健中的道德伤害经验:来自国际e-Delphi研究的结果。
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003285
Deborah Morris, Wendy Dean, Elanor Lucy Webb, Jack Wainwright, Roisin Hampden, Simon Talbot

Objective: To date, research and policy directives have focused on identifying individual risk factors for moral injury, with less attention to solutions for establishing nonmorally injurious cultures and practices.

Methods: Experts with academic or clinical knowledge of moral injury were recruited to a three-round e-Delphi survey exploring descriptors and characteristics of nonmorally injurious organizations.

Results: Forty-nine, 41, and 39 experts responded at each round. Morally "healthy," "congruent," and "centered" were endorsed as descriptors for nonmorally injurious organizations. Consensus was also obtained on 111 characteristics and behaviors relating to organizational identity (eg, just culture), behaviors and practices (eg, transparency in decision-making), and self-awareness (eg, monitoring of moral injury in workforce).

Conclusions: The findings implicate the need for a strengths-oriented, solution-focused approach to addressing moral injury. The recommendations proposed warrant evaluation and operationalization within formal guidance.

目的:迄今为止,研究和政策指令集中于确定道德伤害的个体风险因素,而较少关注建立非道德伤害文化和实践的解决方案。方法:招募具有道德伤害学术或临床知识的专家进行三轮电子德尔菲调查,探讨非道德伤害组织的描述符和特征。结果:每轮分别有49位、41位和39位专家回答。道德上的“健康”、“一致”和“集中”被认可为非道德伤害组织的描述符。还就111个与组织认同(例如,公正文化)、行为和做法(例如,决策透明度)以及自我意识(例如,监测员工的道德伤害)有关的特征和行为达成了共识。结论:研究结果表明,需要以优势为导向,以解决方案为重点的方法来解决道德伤害。建议建议在正式指导下对认股权证进行评估和运作。
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引用次数: 0
Patterns of Mental Health and Resilience Among Nurses and Physicians Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study. 在COVID-19大流行期间护士和医生的心理健康和复原力模式:一项为期三年的纵向研究。
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003291
Katelyn C Vala, Joanna S Fishbein, Mayer H Bellehsen, Nidhi Parashar, Andrew C Yacht, John Q Young, Rebecca M Schwartz

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with increased difficulties in emotional well-being among healthcare workers. The current investigation assesses how changes in depression and anxiety symptoms fluctuate relative to resilience across three time points: baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up among a cohort of physicians and nurses ( n = 728).

Methods: Generalized linear mixed modeling for repeated-measures was used to assess the association between resilience and mental health symptoms using validated measures for all variables.

Results: The odds of probable anxiety were reduced by 81% for each one-unit increase in resilience (odds ratio = 0.19, 95% confidence interval [0.14, 0.26]). The odds of probable depression were reduced by 88% for each one-unit increase in BRS (odds ratio = 0.12, 95% confidence interval [0.07, 0.2]).

Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of developing and implementing interventions that foster resilience among healthcare workers.

目的:COVID-19大流行与医护人员情绪健康困难增加有关。目前的研究评估了抑郁和焦虑症状的变化如何在三个时间点上相对于恢复力的波动:基线、一年和两年的随访,在一组医生和护士中(N = 728)。方法:使用重复测量的广义线性混合模型,对所有变量使用经过验证的测量来评估弹性和心理健康症状之间的关联。结果:恢复力每增加一个单位,可能焦虑的几率降低81% (OR = 0.19, 95% CI[0.14, 0.26])。BRS每增加一个单位,抑郁的可能性降低88% (OR = 0.12, 95% CI[0.07, 0.2])。结论:研究结果强调了制定和实施干预措施的重要性,这些干预措施可以促进医护人员的复原力。
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引用次数: 0
Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and a Long COVID Definition: A Chronic, Systemic Disease State With Profound Consequences. COVID-19对健康的长期影响:SARS-CoV-2感染后的残疾和功能;COVID的长期定义:一种具有深远影响的慢性全身性疾病状态。
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003288
Gregg M Stave
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引用次数: 0
Occupational Exposure to Inhalable Agents Is Associated With Reduced Work Ability: A Prospective Cohort Study in Norway. 职业性暴露于可吸入剂与工作能力降低有关:挪威的一项前瞻性队列研究。
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003292
Geir Klepaker, Kjell Torén, Paul Keefer Henneberger, Johny Kongerud, Anne Kristin Møller Fell

Background: This study aimed to assess Work Ability Score (WAS) in 2018 based on self-reported data regarding inhalable occupational exposure and data from a Northern European Job-Exposure Matrix recorded in 2013.

Methods: During the 5-year follow-up period of this population-based study, 4423 participants completed a postal questionnaire comprising self-reported questions regarding occupational exposure, work history, and WAS.

Results: Ever, weekly, and daily exposure to vapors, gas, dust, and fumes in the last 5 years in 2013 was associated with reduced WAS in 2018. The Northern European Job-Exposure Matrix data showed that exposure to irritants, wood and paper dust, and mixed agricultural agents was associated with reduced WAS.

Conclusions: Exposure to several occupational inhalable substances is associated with reduced work ability. We recommend reducing inhalable occupational exposure to prevent reduced work ability.

背景:本研究旨在基于自我报告的可吸入性职业暴露数据和2013年北欧工作暴露矩阵(N-JEM)的数据,评估2018年的工作能力评分(WAS)。方法:在这项以人群为基础的研究的5年随访期间,4423名参与者完成了一份邮政问卷,包括关于职业暴露、工作经历和WAS的自我报告问题。结果:2013年过去5年中,每周和每天接触蒸汽、气体、粉尘和烟雾(VGDF)与2018年was减少有关。N-JEM的数据显示,暴露于刺激物、木材和纸粉尘以及混合农业剂与WAS降低有关。结论:暴露于几种职业性可吸入物质与工作能力下降有关。我们建议减少可吸入性职业暴露,以防止工作能力下降。
{"title":"Occupational Exposure to Inhalable Agents Is Associated With Reduced Work Ability: A Prospective Cohort Study in Norway.","authors":"Geir Klepaker, Kjell Torén, Paul Keefer Henneberger, Johny Kongerud, Anne Kristin Møller Fell","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000003292","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000003292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to assess Work Ability Score (WAS) in 2018 based on self-reported data regarding inhalable occupational exposure and data from a Northern European Job-Exposure Matrix recorded in 2013.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the 5-year follow-up period of this population-based study, 4423 participants completed a postal questionnaire comprising self-reported questions regarding occupational exposure, work history, and WAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ever, weekly, and daily exposure to vapors, gas, dust, and fumes in the last 5 years in 2013 was associated with reduced WAS in 2018. The Northern European Job-Exposure Matrix data showed that exposure to irritants, wood and paper dust, and mixed agricultural agents was associated with reduced WAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to several occupational inhalable substances is associated with reduced work ability. We recommend reducing inhalable occupational exposure to prevent reduced work ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of occupational and environmental medicine","volume":" ","pages":"197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Staff and Work Environment Factors Associated With Workplace Violence in Hospitals: Comparison of Units With High Versus Low Rates of Violence. 与医院工作场所暴力相关的工作人员和工作环境因素:高暴力率与低暴力率单位的比较
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003290
Della J Derscheid, Judith E Arnetz

Objective: This study examined healthcare worker perceptions of physical environment and safety climate contributors to workplace violence.

Methods: Inpatient hospital employee (2015) convenience sample survey ( n = 327) comparisons were via Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon rank sum, or chi-squared to determine response differences by workplace violence experience (yes/no) and hospital units (higher/lower) violence rates.

Results: Employees with workplace violence experience and units with higher violence rates identified a higher number of contributing physical environment factors. Safety climate ratings were higher among employees without workplace violence experience but did not differ between hospital units with higher and lower violence rates.

Conclusions: Prioritization of staff perceived climate safety and physical environment contributors can support organizational efforts to mitigate specific workplace violence hazards on hospital units.

目的:本研究考察了卫生保健工作者对物理环境和安全气候对工作场所暴力的影响。方法:住院医院员工(2015)便利抽样调查(N = 327)采用Mann Whitney、Wilcoxon秩和或卡方法比较工作场所暴力经历(是/否)和医院单位暴力发生率(高/低)的反应差异。结果:有工作场所暴力经历的员工和暴力率较高的单位确定了更多的促成物理环境因素。没有工作场所暴力经历的员工的安全气候评分更高,但在暴力率较高和较低的医院单位之间没有差异。结论:优先考虑工作人员感知的气候安全和物理环境因素可以支持组织努力减轻医院单位的特定工作场所暴力危害。
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引用次数: 0
Mental Health Support for First Responders Provided Outside of California's Workers' Compensation System. 在加州工人赔偿制度之外为急救人员提供的心理健康支持。
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003293
Denise D Quigley, Nabeel Qureshi, Michael Dworsky, Lisa S Meredith

Objective: Concern about psychiatric injuries for first responders has grown. We examine alternatives to workers' compensation (WC).

Method: We conducted 15 interviews across five California departments contracted with non-WC mental health (MH) providers. We performed content analysis.

Results: MH support outside of WC most often was a dedicated contract with outside MH providers for assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. Departments had formal financing mechanisms with union and city support designating funding for MH care. Frustration and past WC experiences drove the desire for WC alternatives. First responders reported high levels of stigma associated with MH care. Compared to WC, these alternatives allowed more comprehensive services to injured workers along with ease of accessing care, expediting the healing process.

Conclusions: Contracting culturally competent MH providers outside of WC for first responders has potential and needs formal evaluation.

目的:对急救人员精神损伤的关注越来越多。我们研究了工人补偿(WC)的替代方案。方法:我们在加州5个与非wc心理健康(MH)提供者签约的部门进行了15次访谈。我们进行了内容分析。结果:卫生院以外的卫生保健支持通常是与外部卫生保健提供者签订专门的合同,以进行评估、诊断和治疗。各部门有正式的筹资机制,有工会和市政府的支持,指定医院护理的资金。挫折和过去的WC经历促使人们渴望WC的替代品。急救人员报告说,与MH护理相关的耻辱感很高。与WC相比,这些替代方案可以为受伤工人提供更全面的服务,同时易于获得护理,加快愈合过程。结论:在医院外签约文化上有能力的医院提供者作为第一响应者是有潜力的,需要正式的评估。
{"title":"Mental Health Support for First Responders Provided Outside of California's Workers' Compensation System.","authors":"Denise D Quigley, Nabeel Qureshi, Michael Dworsky, Lisa S Meredith","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000003293","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000003293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Concern about psychiatric injuries for first responders has grown. We examine alternatives to workers' compensation (WC).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted 15 interviews across five California departments contracted with non-WC mental health (MH) providers. We performed content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MH support outside of WC most often was a dedicated contract with outside MH providers for assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. Departments had formal financing mechanisms with union and city support designating funding for MH care. Frustration and past WC experiences drove the desire for WC alternatives. First responders reported high levels of stigma associated with MH care. Compared to WC, these alternatives allowed more comprehensive services to injured workers along with ease of accessing care, expediting the healing process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contracting culturally competent MH providers outside of WC for first responders has potential and needs formal evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of occupational and environmental medicine","volume":" ","pages":"203-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Annual Leave Days on Presenteeism-A Cohort Study in Employees of a Japanese Corporate Group. 年假对出勤率的影响——日本企业集团员工的队列研究。
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003297
Satoshi Yamashita, Makoto Okawara, Fuyu Miyake, Tomohiro Ishimaru, Kenji Fujimoto, Masako Nagata, Kenichi Sugiura, Tetsuya Morita, Yoshihisa Fujino

Objective: This study investigated the association between leave use and improvement of work functioning impairment affecting presenteeism.

Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted among 5752 employees in a single corporate group in Japan to analyze the number of days of leave taken over a 1-year period and changes in work functioning impairment.

Results: As the number of leave days increased, work functioning impairment improved significantly.

Conclusions: These results suggest that allowing employees to take more leave significantly contributes to improving work functioning impairment. Companies need to promote appropriate leave use to improve employee health and overall work productivity.

目的:探讨休假使用与影响出勤的工作功能障碍改善之间的关系。方法:对日本一家企业集团的5,752名员工进行前瞻性观察研究,分析一年内休假天数和工作功能障碍的变化。结果:随着休假天数的增加,工作功能障碍明显改善。结论:这些结果表明,允许员工更多的假期有助于改善工作功能障碍。公司需要促进适当的休假,以改善员工的健康和整体工作效率。
{"title":"Effect of Annual Leave Days on Presenteeism-A Cohort Study in Employees of a Japanese Corporate Group.","authors":"Satoshi Yamashita, Makoto Okawara, Fuyu Miyake, Tomohiro Ishimaru, Kenji Fujimoto, Masako Nagata, Kenichi Sugiura, Tetsuya Morita, Yoshihisa Fujino","doi":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000003297","DOIUrl":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000003297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the association between leave use and improvement of work functioning impairment affecting presenteeism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, observational study was conducted among 5752 employees in a single corporate group in Japan to analyze the number of days of leave taken over a 1-year period and changes in work functioning impairment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As the number of leave days increased, work functioning impairment improved significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that allowing employees to take more leave significantly contributes to improving work functioning impairment. Companies need to promote appropriate leave use to improve employee health and overall work productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of occupational and environmental medicine","volume":" ","pages":"e175-e180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
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