Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry最新文献

Objective: Both general medical and mental health services were disrupted during the pandemic. It is unclear how these disruptions played out for people with various mental health diagnoses. We compared change in mental health status and use of mental health services between four psychiatric groups: schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, and anxiety/obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Method: Using a semi-structured interview, 492 outpatients with psychiatric disorders who had used psychiatric services at a university hospital before the pandemic were assessed on the phone during the pandemic.

Results: About half of the sample reported a need for contact with mental health services during the pandemic, half of whom actually used services. Need for contact was much lower in the schizophrenia group than other diagnostic groups, whereas actual use of services was lower in the unipolar depression and anxiety/OCD groups.

Conclusions: Patients with severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorders, may not be in a more disadvantageous position in terms of psychiatric service use during the pandemic. The pandemic response structure of mental health services should be modified to fit the needs of anxiety/depression spectrum patients.

The classification of sexual health-related conditions was reformulated in 11th revision of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) following current evidence, best practice, and taking human rights into consideration, which is expected to reflect and provide guidance for more integrative clinical approaches. Overcoming the artificial, yet historical, distinction between "organic" and "non-organic" conditions, sexual dysfunctions classified in the "Mental and Behavioral Disorders" and "Disorders of Genitourinary System" in ICD-10 were listed in a new chapter called "Conditions Related to Sexual Health." In practice, this approach has been consistently recommended. However, diagnostical clasification was not congruent with the recommendation. Dysfunctions, defined with a non-normative but individual-based threshold, are categorized according to different stages of the sexual response cycle, similar to ICD-10 and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th version (DSM-5). However, similarities and distinctions in the clinical presentation of the dysfunction in men and women were also considered, resulting in differences from the DSM-5 approach. Gender Incongruence is classified in this newly formed "Conditions Related to Sexual Health" chapter, not with mental disorders as in the earlier version, reflecting the current non-pathologizing understanding of gender diversity. Furthermore, the criteria for these conditions were revised to embrace the variability in the experience of gender identity. In addition, the residuals of sexual orientation-related diagnostic categories were removed. Paraphilic disorders categories replaced "Disorders of sexual preference" in ICD-10, with significant modifications in conceptualization and classification.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of sharenting with variables that are theoretically related with the concept. Sharenting includes the basic motivation to share parental practices with others and can be associated with social comparison and parental selfefficacy. In this context, we hypothesized that the social comparison could be a mediating variable between parental self-efficacy and sharing.

Method: The participants were 558 parents (456 mothers 81.7% and 102 fathers 18.3%) from Türkiye and Northern Cyprus. The age range was 19 to 53 (M=33.59, SD=5.98). Sharenting Questionnaire, Parental Social Comparison Orientation Measure and The Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index were used as measurement tools. The data was collected online by using convenience sampling method.

Results: In two separate Hierarchical Regression Analyses (HRA) parental social comparison predicted sharenting and perceived parental emotional availability predicted parental social comparison significantly. Mediation analysis indicated that parental social comparison mediated between parental emotional availability and sharenting.

Conclusion: Sharenting can be used to strengthen the parent-child relationship. Our research indicated that the parents who compare themselves with other parents were less available emotionally in their relationship with their children.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the significance of reported sexual desire levels during clinical interviews. We investigated the relationship between sexual desire, sexual developmental characteristics, and scale results, and the predictive effect of adequate sexual desire on clinical diagnoses.

Method: The medical records of patients who consecutively applied to a Specialized Sexual Dysfunctions (SD) clinic were screened for reported sexual desire. We compared 101 patients who reported adequate sexual desire with 94 patients who reported inadequate desire with an interview. The groups were compared based on their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, sexual behaviors and the Golombok-Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale (GRISS).

Results: When the group with adequate sexual desire was compared with the group with inadequate sexual desire, significant differences were found between the two groups. The group with inadequate sexual desire was more likely to have had an arranged marriage, to have no source of sexual information, to view masturbation as natural to a lesser extent and as a sin to a greater extent, to have less frequent marital intercourse, to have higher rates of negative experiences related to sexuality, to have higher rates of negative changes in sexual life after having children, to have higher rates of comorbid SD, and to have higher GRISS frequency, satisfaction, avoidance, touching, anorgasmia subscale and total scores. The source of sexual information and negative experience about sexuality predicted a decrease in sexual desire. Those with reduced sexual desire were diagnosed with an SD 8.5 times more often than those with adequate sexual desire.

Conclusion: Our findings showed the importance of sexual desire adequacy reported in the clinical interview in women in evaluating women’s sexual health and functions, and the need for sexual health education.

Objective: Social cognition deficits are well known in schizophrenia patients. This study aims to conduct the validity and reliability study of the Turkish adaptation of the Situational Feature Recognition Test-2 (SFRT-2), which was developed to assess social knowledge, an area of social cognition, in schizophrenia patients.

Method: In the study, 100 schizophrenia patients and 60 healthy controls were administered the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Hinting Task, the Facial Emotion Identification Test, the Facial Emotion Discrimination Test and the SFRT-2. The reliability of the test was analyzed with Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots by performing a retest two days later in 16 patients. Divergent validity was examined between the composite scores of the test and other social cognition test scores using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Known-groups validity was evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U test, while discriminant validity was examined using ROC analysis.

Results: In the test-retest reliability analyses, the correlations between the pre-test and post-test scores were found to be good and significant for all sub-scores and composite scores (ICC=lowest 0.833-highest 0.941), except for SFRT5 (ICC=0.634). In the divergent validity analyses, positive correlations were found between SFRT-2 hits scores and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (rs=0.338, p<0.001), the Hinting Task (rs=0.225, p=0.001), and the Facial Emotion Identification Test scores (rs=0.270, p<0.001). In contrast, negative correlations were found between SFRT-2 false positive scores and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (rs=-0.157, p=0.026) and the Hinting Task scores (rs=- 0.194, p=0.006). In ROC analysis, the area under the curve was 0.744 (95% CI 0.665-0.823, p<0.001) with 81.0% sensitivity and 61.67% specificity.

Conclusion: The Turkish adaptation of the SFRT-2 has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing social knowledge deficits in schizophrenia patients.

Objective: Social frailty, defined by reduced social participation, isolation, and loss of self-sufficiency, represents a critical dimension of overall frailty in older adults. This study aimed to translate the five item social frailty scale (SFS) into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties among community-dwelling older adults.

Method: A total of 308 participants aged ≥65 years were included. Individuals with dementia, active malignancy, infection, or difficulty communicating in Turkish were excluded. All participants underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment, including evaluation of demographics and comorbidities. The SFS was translated using a standardized forward–backward procedure and pretested in 15 participants. Internal consistency, factor structure, inter-rater, and intra-rater reliability were assessed. Construct validity was examined via correlations between SFS scores and geriatric assessment measures.

Results: The mean age was 74.8±6.2 years, with 49% female. Social frailty distribution was 46.4% robust, 34.1% pre-frail, and 19.5% frail. Social frailty was less common among women, married individuals, and those engaging in regular physical activity. Social frailty scale scores correlated positively with depression and clinical frailty and negatively with cognitive function and daily activities (p<0.001). Inter- and intrarater reliability were excellent (κ=0.85–0.90, p<0.001). Cronbach’s α was 0.655. Principal component analysis (PCA) supported a unidimensional structure explaining 33.5% of the total variance.

Conclusion: The Turkish SFS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing social frailty in older adults and can be confidently applied in clinical and research settings.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of sharenting with variables that are theoretically related with the concept. Sharenting includes the basic motivation to share parental practices with others and can be associated with social comparison and parental self-efficacy. In this context, we hypothesized that the social comparison could be a mediating variable between parental self-efficacy and sharing.

Method: The participants were 558 parents (456 mothers 81.7% and 102 fathers 18.3%) from Türkiye and Northern Cyprus. The age range was 19 to 53 (M=33.59, SD=5.98). Sharenting Questionnaire, Parental Social Comparison Orientation Measure and The Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index were used as measurement tools. The data was collected online by using convenience sampling method.

Results: In two separate Hierarchical Regression Analyses (HRA) parental social comparison predicted sharenting and perceived parental emotional availability predicted parental social comparison significantly. Mediation analysis indicated that parental social comparison mediated between parental emotional availability and sharenting.

Conclusion: Sharenting can be used to strengthen the parent-child relationship. Our research indicated that the parents who compare themselves with other parents were less available emotionally in their relationship with their children.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the role of two candidate polymorphisms to improve the diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in forensic psychiatry settings.

Methods: Individuals who applied to our unit with PTSD symptoms following a traffic accident were included. The control group consisted of people who had experienced a similar accident without any symptoms. Sociodemographic data-form, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI 3) were applied to the patients and controls, and the frequencies of the rs8042149 polymorphic allele of the RORA gene and the rs717947 polymorphic allele (4p15) were investigated.

Results: A total of 103 people were included (54 case, 49 control). The rates of polymorphisms were not different between the groups. Higher education levels were associated with lower PTSD incidence while higher scores in the Social Subscale of ASI strongly predicted the occurrence of PTSD.

Conclusion: The polymorphisms assessed did not help to differentiate the groups in the current sample. The potential of the Social Subscale of ASI-3 in predicting the occurrence of PTSD following a trauma should be evaluated in a longitudinal design.

Objective: Sexual dysfunctions (SD) are very common in patients with psychiatric disorders and may be due to the side effects of the disease or medications used. Current scales cannot distinguish whether SDs are due to psychiatric illness or medications use. The Psychotropic Associated Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ) is a customized scale for screening SD due to drug use. Our aim is to conduct a validity and reliability study of PRSexDQ in patients using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Method: One hundred patients who applied to psychiatry outpatient clinic and received SSRI treatment for at least 1 month were included in the study. These patients were evaluated by a psychiatrist, and completed the PRSexDQ-T, Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), Golombok Rust Inventory Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS).

Result: The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.906 for the analysis performed to evaluate the internal consistency of the PRSexDQ-T. In the item-total score analysis, the correlation of all items with the total score was found to be quite high (above 0.7). Correlation coefficients were found between 0.939 and 0.985, which was used to determine the test-retest correlation for each item, and all values were statistically significant (p<0.01). In the Pearson correlation analysis performed for validity analysis, a large positive correlation was found between PRSexDQ-T and ASEX and GRISS male-female total and subscale scores.

Conclusion: The Turkish version of PRSexDQ is a valid and reliable measurement tool in the sample of patients using SSRIs to evaluate the level of sexual dysfunction.

The current situation in Ukraine once more raised the issue on the management of mental health problems during war. Some experts have already proposed recommendations on this issue with specific reference to the present Ukraine crisis (Shevlin et al. 2022). We write this commentary in regards to this article to share experiences of the Indochina conflict. There has been very few published reports on the availability of mental health services in this conflict. (Jegannathan et al. 2015).