N. Gündüz, Esma Akpınar Aslan, F. Eren, Hatice Sodan Turan, M. Öztürk, Ü. Tural
OBJECTIVE One of the METHODS used to assess autonomic nervous system dysfunction in the etiology of panic disorder (PD) is heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) branches of the autonomic nervous system and reflects the capacity of autonomic stimulation by the parasympathetic system. The aim of this study was to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV) time domain parameters based on twenty four hour holter ECG analysis among drug-naive patients with panic disorder (PD) without any other medical and psychiatric comorbidity. METHOD The study group consisted of 41 patients with PD and 46 healthy controls. Participants were evaluated with SCID-1 for psychiatric diagnoses. Then Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S) were applied to participants. Twenty four hour Holter ECG outcomes were analyzed on a computer program and time domain parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Among the parameters analyzed from HRV, SDANN was significantly higher (p <0.001); duration of RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50 were lower in PD group than the control group (p = 0.003, p = 0.005, p = 0.047, respectively). In the correlation analysis, there was a moderate negative correlation between CGI-S and NN50 and pNN50. In logistic regression analysis, the increase in SDNN was found to increase the probability of PD by 1.11 (95% CI, 1.010-1.209); the increase in SDANN was found to decrease the probability of PD by 0.892 (95% CI, 0.818-0.973), and the increase in pNN50 was found to decrease the probability of PD by 0.523 (95% CI, 0.342-0.801). CONCLUSION The data obtained in our study confirm that there is a decrease in some HRV parameters like RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50 reflecting parasympathetic activity among patients with PD.
{"title":"Analysis of 24-Hour Heart Rate Variability among Panic Disorder Patients without Previous Drug Treatment and Comorbid Disorders.","authors":"N. Gündüz, Esma Akpınar Aslan, F. Eren, Hatice Sodan Turan, M. Öztürk, Ü. Tural","doi":"10.5080/U23715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23715","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE One of the METHODS used to assess autonomic nervous system dysfunction in the etiology of panic disorder (PD) is heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) branches of the autonomic nervous system and reflects the capacity of autonomic stimulation by the parasympathetic system. The aim of this study was to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV) time domain parameters based on twenty four hour holter ECG analysis among drug-naive patients with panic disorder (PD) without any other medical and psychiatric comorbidity. METHOD The study group consisted of 41 patients with PD and 46 healthy controls. Participants were evaluated with SCID-1 for psychiatric diagnoses. Then Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S) were applied to participants. Twenty four hour Holter ECG outcomes were analyzed on a computer program and time domain parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Among the parameters analyzed from HRV, SDANN was significantly higher (p <0.001); duration of RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50 were lower in PD group than the control group (p = 0.003, p = 0.005, p = 0.047, respectively). In the correlation analysis, there was a moderate negative correlation between CGI-S and NN50 and pNN50. In logistic regression analysis, the increase in SDNN was found to increase the probability of PD by 1.11 (95% CI, 1.010-1.209); the increase in SDANN was found to decrease the probability of PD by 0.892 (95% CI, 0.818-0.973), and the increase in pNN50 was found to decrease the probability of PD by 0.523 (95% CI, 0.342-0.801). CONCLUSION The data obtained in our study confirm that there is a decrease in some HRV parameters like RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50 reflecting parasympathetic activity among patients with PD.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77313466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Ince, A. Cansız, S. Ulusoy, K. F. Yavuz, E. Kurt, K. Altınbaş
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of the Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (BSDS). METHOD The study was carried out with 130 patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, 15 patients diagnosed with bipolar II disorder, and 38 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder attending the outpatient psychiatry departments of the Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Mental Health and Neurological Diseases. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) was used for convergent validity. The internal consistency coefficient, itemtotal score correlation coefficients, test-retest correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation with concurrent scale, and ROC curve were statistically calculated. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 20-item version did not show adequate goodness-of-fit. The item 4 with a relatively low regression weight was removed from the model. For the 19-item revised and corrected model, the observed goodness-of-fit indexes were RMSEA = 0.040, CFI = 0.900, GFI = 0.890, IFI = 0.900 and χ2/df = 1.230. The internal consistency Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.831. The correlation coefficient between the Turkish version of the BSDS and the MDQ was 0.54. The cutoff point of the scale calculated by the ROC analysis was 12 with a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 86.8%. CONCLUSION The Turkish Version of the BSDS, has been shown to be reliable and valid tool for screening bipolar disorder after removal of the item 4 of the original version of the scale.
{"title":"Reliability and Validity Study of the Turkish Version of Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale.","authors":"B. Ince, A. Cansız, S. Ulusoy, K. F. Yavuz, E. Kurt, K. Altınbaş","doi":"10.5080/U23605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23605","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of the Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (BSDS). METHOD The study was carried out with 130 patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, 15 patients diagnosed with bipolar II disorder, and 38 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder attending the outpatient psychiatry departments of the Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Mental Health and Neurological Diseases. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) was used for convergent validity. The internal consistency coefficient, itemtotal score correlation coefficients, test-retest correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation with concurrent scale, and ROC curve were statistically calculated. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 20-item version did not show adequate goodness-of-fit. The item 4 with a relatively low regression weight was removed from the model. For the 19-item revised and corrected model, the observed goodness-of-fit indexes were RMSEA = 0.040, CFI = 0.900, GFI = 0.890, IFI = 0.900 and χ2/df = 1.230. The internal consistency Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.831. The correlation coefficient between the Turkish version of the BSDS and the MDQ was 0.54. The cutoff point of the scale calculated by the ROC analysis was 12 with a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 86.8%. CONCLUSION The Turkish Version of the BSDS, has been shown to be reliable and valid tool for screening bipolar disorder after removal of the item 4 of the original version of the scale.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86571054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE Many patients with schizophrenia respond partially to treatment with antipsychotic medications. A wide range of pharmaceutical agents are utilized as augmentation therapy in order to increase the efficacy of antipsychotic medication treatment. Memantine which is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist is one such agent among these. In this study, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis we aimed to assess the efficacy of memantine augmentation on psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic medication. METHOD We analyzed double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of memantine add-on treatment in schizophrenia patients receiving antipsychotic medications. The primary outcome measure was amelioration of negative symptoms and the secondary outcome measures were amelioration of positive, total and general psychopathology symptoms. Publication bias was evaluated by Funnel plot and Egger test. RESULTS Eleven studies (n=570) were included. Although memantine add-on treatment was superior to placebo for ameliorating negative symptoms (SMD=0.596, 95% CI=0.075-1.118, p=0.025), there were no statistically significant differences in the amelioration of general psychopathology (SMD=0.034, 95% CI=0.419-0.488, p=0.883), positive (SMD=-0.041, 95% CI=0.217-0.135, p=0.650) and overall (SMD=0.315, 95% CI=0.256-0.887, p=0.280) symptoms. No publication bias was observed between studies according to Funnel plots and Egger test results. CONCLUSION Memantine augmentation treatment seems to be beneficial for particularly treating negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients. Further studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up durations are needed.
{"title":"Augmentation of Antipsychotic Treatment with Memantine in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sefa Vayısoğlu, S. Karahan, A. A. Anıl Yağcıoğlu","doi":"10.5080/U23597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23597","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Many patients with schizophrenia respond partially to treatment with antipsychotic medications. A wide range of pharmaceutical agents are utilized as augmentation therapy in order to increase the efficacy of antipsychotic medication treatment. Memantine which is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist is one such agent among these. In this study, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis we aimed to assess the efficacy of memantine augmentation on psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic medication. METHOD We analyzed double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of memantine add-on treatment in schizophrenia patients receiving antipsychotic medications. The primary outcome measure was amelioration of negative symptoms and the secondary outcome measures were amelioration of positive, total and general psychopathology symptoms. Publication bias was evaluated by Funnel plot and Egger test. RESULTS Eleven studies (n=570) were included. Although memantine add-on treatment was superior to placebo for ameliorating negative symptoms (SMD=0.596, 95% CI=0.075-1.118, p=0.025), there were no statistically significant differences in the amelioration of general psychopathology (SMD=0.034, 95% CI=0.419-0.488, p=0.883), positive (SMD=-0.041, 95% CI=0.217-0.135, p=0.650) and overall (SMD=0.315, 95% CI=0.256-0.887, p=0.280) symptoms. No publication bias was observed between studies according to Funnel plots and Egger test results. CONCLUSION Memantine augmentation treatment seems to be beneficial for particularly treating negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients. Further studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up durations are needed.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85417274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder is characterized with unwanted, uncontrollable and persistent genital arousal symptoms that occur spontaneously in the absence of simultaneous sexual fantasy, sexual desire or sexual stimulation. The condition may last for hours or days. Patients often find it difficult to share this condition with their health care providers because they are afraid of being diagnosed with hypersexuality and they often get different psychiatric diagnoses such as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder. Therefore, little is known about the real prevalence, pathophysiology or etiology of Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder. In addition, since there is no study conducted in this field, our information in this area is limited to case reports. Although there is no consensus about the treatment of Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder in the psychiatric literature, there are some case reports about the use of pregabaline, clomipramine, duloxetine, clonazepam, varenicline, olanzapine, risperidone in addition to the case reports on treatment with hypnotherapy, pelvic floor physiotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In this case report, we aimed to present the detailed description of a successful treatment procedure with duloxetine in a forty two years old female patient diagnosed with Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder. She had been using various antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and mood stabilizers for sixteen years with different psychiatric misdiagnoses like Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder and yet, had not shared her symptoms of genital arousal with any psychiatrist previously.
{"title":"[Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder Treated with Duloxetine: A Case Report].","authors":"N. Gündüz, A. Polat, Hatice Turan","doi":"10.5080/U23441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23441","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder is characterized with unwanted, uncontrollable and persistent genital arousal symptoms that occur spontaneously in the absence of simultaneous sexual fantasy, sexual desire or sexual stimulation. The condition may last for hours or days. Patients often find it difficult to share this condition with their health care providers because they are afraid of being diagnosed with hypersexuality and they often get different psychiatric diagnoses such as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder. Therefore, little is known about the real prevalence, pathophysiology or etiology of Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder. In addition, since there is no study conducted in this field, our information in this area is limited to case reports. Although there is no consensus about the treatment of Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder in the psychiatric literature, there are some case reports about the use of pregabaline, clomipramine, duloxetine, clonazepam, varenicline, olanzapine, risperidone in addition to the case reports on treatment with hypnotherapy, pelvic floor physiotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In this case report, we aimed to present the detailed description of a successful treatment procedure with duloxetine in a forty two years old female patient diagnosed with Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder. She had been using various antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and mood stabilizers for sixteen years with different psychiatric misdiagnoses like Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder and yet, had not shared her symptoms of genital arousal with any psychiatrist previously.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89845671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to adapt the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ) to Turkish, and to investigate its psychometric properties. METHOD: A total of 467 volunteers with a mean age of 26.63 years participated to the study. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted after preparing the Turkish version of the IERQ. The relationships between IERQ and other emotion regulation scales were investigated for criterion-related validity. In order to assess reliability, internal consistency coefficients were calculated and subsequently, testretest analyses were repeated on 50 students. RESULTS: As in the original form the Turkish version of IERQ has a 4- factor structure, 'social modelling', 'soothing', 'enhancing positive affect' and 'perspective taking'. As expected, these factors were related to various emotion regulation strategies. Particularly the social modelling and soothing factors differed according to the level of difficulties in emotion regulation. These factors were found to be related to depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Furthermore, the Turkish version of the IERQ satisfied the conditions of reliability. The internal consistency coefficients of factors were between .81 and .89. Test-retest correlation coefficients were found to be strong. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the Turkish version of IERQ is a reliable and valid scale for the Turkish population. The psychometric properties of the Turkish version were similar to those of the original form.
{"title":"[Adaptation of the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to the Turkish Language and Investigation of its Psychometric Properties].","authors":"Ceren Gökdağ, Oya Sorias, Sidar Kıran, Sibel Ger","doi":"10.5080/U23067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23067","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE This study aimed to adapt the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ) to Turkish, and to investigate its psychometric properties. METHOD: A total of 467 volunteers with a mean age of 26.63 years participated to the study. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted after preparing the Turkish version of the IERQ. The relationships between IERQ and other emotion regulation scales were investigated for criterion-related validity. In order to assess reliability, internal consistency coefficients were calculated and subsequently, testretest analyses were repeated on 50 students. RESULTS: As in the original form the Turkish version of IERQ has a 4- factor structure, 'social modelling', 'soothing', 'enhancing positive affect' and 'perspective taking'. As expected, these factors were related to various emotion regulation strategies. Particularly the social modelling and soothing factors differed according to the level of difficulties in emotion regulation. These factors were found to be related to depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Furthermore, the Turkish version of the IERQ satisfied the conditions of reliability. The internal consistency coefficients of factors were between .81 and .89. Test-retest correlation coefficients were found to be strong. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the Turkish version of IERQ is a reliable and valid scale for the Turkish population. The psychometric properties of the Turkish version were similar to those of the original form.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73910474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Özlem Kuman Tunçel, F. Akdeniz, S. Özbek, G. Kavukçu, Gökçen Ünal Kocabaş
OBJECTIVE Despite lithium associated hyperparathyroidism (LAH) can lead to many complications, little notice has been paid to this sideeffect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lithium on calcium and parathyroid hormone levels and the relation between lithium use and thyroid diseases. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out with 87 lithiumtreated patients and 65 volunteers who had a similar age and gender distribution with the lithium group. Serum levels of corrected calcium, intact parathormone, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid autoantibodies and creatinine were assessed, and also, thyroid and parathyroid ultrasonography was conducted. Further detailed investigations were made depending on the elevation of the initially measured calcium and/ or parathormone levels. RESULTS Median values of serum levels of the corrected calcium and the intact parathormone were significantly higher in the lithium group. Calcium levels had a mild correlation with the duration of lithium treatment. In the first assessment, while all control individuals had values within the normal reference range, 11 lithium-treated patients had corrected calcium and/or intact parathormone levels above the normal reference levels. All of the five patients, who were diagnosed with LAH after further investigation, were also diagnosed with a thyroid disorder. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that lithium treatment has a relationship with calcium and parathormone levels. The 5.7% prevalence of LAH and potential life-threatening conditions associated with LAH necessitates the use of available low-cost METHODS to monitor blood calcium levels of lithium-treated patients for early diagnosis.
{"title":"[The Effects of Lithium on Calcium and Parathormone Levels: A Cross-sectional Study with Healthy Controls].","authors":"Özlem Kuman Tunçel, F. Akdeniz, S. Özbek, G. Kavukçu, Gökçen Ünal Kocabaş","doi":"10.5080/u23677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23677","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Despite lithium associated hyperparathyroidism (LAH) can lead to many complications, little notice has been paid to this sideeffect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lithium on calcium and parathyroid hormone levels and the relation between lithium use and thyroid diseases. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out with 87 lithiumtreated patients and 65 volunteers who had a similar age and gender distribution with the lithium group. Serum levels of corrected calcium, intact parathormone, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid autoantibodies and creatinine were assessed, and also, thyroid and parathyroid ultrasonography was conducted. Further detailed investigations were made depending on the elevation of the initially measured calcium and/ or parathormone levels. RESULTS Median values of serum levels of the corrected calcium and the intact parathormone were significantly higher in the lithium group. Calcium levels had a mild correlation with the duration of lithium treatment. In the first assessment, while all control individuals had values within the normal reference range, 11 lithium-treated patients had corrected calcium and/or intact parathormone levels above the normal reference levels. All of the five patients, who were diagnosed with LAH after further investigation, were also diagnosed with a thyroid disorder. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that lithium treatment has a relationship with calcium and parathormone levels. The 5.7% prevalence of LAH and potential life-threatening conditions associated with LAH necessitates the use of available low-cost METHODS to monitor blood calcium levels of lithium-treated patients for early diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78219364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selim Tümkaya, Ezgi Hancı Yenigün, Osman Zülkif Topak, İbrahim Şendur, Neşe Öztürk Atkaya, Osman Özdel
OBJECTIVE Previous studies suggest that the level of clinical insight in schizophrenia patients is related to working memory functions. However, these studies were not specifically concerned with the components of working memory and had not focused in detail on working memory functions. For this reason, the current study investigated the relationship between clinical insight and working memory components in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. METHOD: The patient group was evaluated by using the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms, the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms, and the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder to measure clinical insight. Moreover, all participants underwent a "Situation Awareness" test in order to measure working memory functions. Based on published data, the first stage of this test was accepted to measure the "visual spatial sketchpad" component of working memory, and the second stage was accepted to measure the "episodic buffer" (bound information storage) component. The functions of these components were measured separately as top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes. RESULTS: The episodic buffer function (managed by the bottom-up cognitive process) was related with clinical insight. This relationship also continued after correcting for the effect of positive symptoms on insight. The patients performed worse than the controls in terms of visual spatial sketchpad function, which was managed by both topdown and bottom-up cognitive processes. The patients performed worse than the controls in terms of both top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes and visual spatial sketchpad function. Furthermore, the patients were also worse than the controls in terms of episodic buffer function (managed by top-down cognitive processes). CONCLUSION: Clinical insight may be associated with binding function (associated with episodic buffer function) managed by bottom-up cognitive processes in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Further studies are necessary to confirm this novel finding.
{"title":"[Is Clinical Insight Associated with Working Memory Components in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder?]","authors":"Selim Tümkaya, Ezgi Hancı Yenigün, Osman Zülkif Topak, İbrahim Şendur, Neşe Öztürk Atkaya, Osman Özdel","doi":"10.5080/U22878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U22878","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Previous studies suggest that the level of clinical insight in schizophrenia patients is related to working memory functions. However, these studies were not specifically concerned with the components of working memory and had not focused in detail on working memory functions. For this reason, the current study investigated the relationship between clinical insight and working memory components in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. METHOD: The patient group was evaluated by using the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms, the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms, and the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder to measure clinical insight. Moreover, all participants underwent a \"Situation Awareness\" test in order to measure working memory functions. Based on published data, the first stage of this test was accepted to measure the \"visual spatial sketchpad\" component of working memory, and the second stage was accepted to measure the \"episodic buffer\" (bound information storage) component. The functions of these components were measured separately as top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes. RESULTS: The episodic buffer function (managed by the bottom-up cognitive process) was related with clinical insight. This relationship also continued after correcting for the effect of positive symptoms on insight. The patients performed worse than the controls in terms of visual spatial sketchpad function, which was managed by both topdown and bottom-up cognitive processes. The patients performed worse than the controls in terms of both top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes and visual spatial sketchpad function. Furthermore, the patients were also worse than the controls in terms of episodic buffer function (managed by top-down cognitive processes). CONCLUSION: Clinical insight may be associated with binding function (associated with episodic buffer function) managed by bottom-up cognitive processes in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Further studies are necessary to confirm this novel finding.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78095511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Ünal, F. Öktem, Füsun Çetin Çuhadaroğlu, S. E. Çengel Kültür, D. Akdemir, Dilşad Foto Özdemir, H. T. Çak, D. Ünal, K. Tiras, Cihan Aslan, Bilge Merve Kalaycı, Büşra Sultan Aydos, Funda Kütük, Emine Taşyürek, Remzi Karaokur, Başak Karabucak, B. Karakök, Yusuf Karaer, A. Artık
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age ChildrenPresent and Lifetime Version, DSM-5 November 2016 -Turkish Adaptation (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T). METHOD: A total of 150 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were assessed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T. The degree of agreement between the DSM-5 criteria diagnoses and the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T diagnoses were considered as the measure of consensus validity. In addition, concurrent validity was examined by analyzing the correlation between the diagnoses on K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T and relevant scales. Interrater reliabilities were assessed on randomly selected 20 participants. Likewise, randomly selected 20 other participants were interviewed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T three weeks after the first interview to evaluate test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The consistency of diagnoses was almost perfect for eating disorders, selective mutism and autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.92-1.0), substantial for elimination disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, depressive disorders, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (κ=0.67-0.80). Interrater reliability was perfect for selective mutism (κ=1.0), substantial for oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive disorders and social anxiety disorder (κ=0.63-0.73). Test-retest reliability was almost perfect for autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.82), substantial for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, depressive disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (κ=0.62-0.78). CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T is an effective instrument for diagnosing major childhood psychiatric disorders including selective mutism, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and autism spectrum disorder which have recently been added to the schedule.
{"title":"[Reliability and Validity of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, DSM-5 November 2016-Turkish Adaptation (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T)].","authors":"F. Ünal, F. Öktem, Füsun Çetin Çuhadaroğlu, S. E. Çengel Kültür, D. Akdemir, Dilşad Foto Özdemir, H. T. Çak, D. Ünal, K. Tiras, Cihan Aslan, Bilge Merve Kalaycı, Büşra Sultan Aydos, Funda Kütük, Emine Taşyürek, Remzi Karaokur, Başak Karabucak, B. Karakök, Yusuf Karaer, A. Artık","doi":"10.5080/u23408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23408","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age ChildrenPresent and Lifetime Version, DSM-5 November 2016 -Turkish Adaptation (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T). METHOD: A total of 150 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were assessed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T. The degree of agreement between the DSM-5 criteria diagnoses and the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T diagnoses were considered as the measure of consensus validity. In addition, concurrent validity was examined by analyzing the correlation between the diagnoses on K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T and relevant scales. Interrater reliabilities were assessed on randomly selected 20 participants. Likewise, randomly selected 20 other participants were interviewed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T three weeks after the first interview to evaluate test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The consistency of diagnoses was almost perfect for eating disorders, selective mutism and autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.92-1.0), substantial for elimination disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, depressive disorders, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (κ=0.67-0.80). Interrater reliability was perfect for selective mutism (κ=1.0), substantial for oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depressive disorders and social anxiety disorder (κ=0.63-0.73). Test-retest reliability was almost perfect for autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.82), substantial for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, depressive disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (κ=0.62-0.78). CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T is an effective instrument for diagnosing major childhood psychiatric disorders including selective mutism, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and autism spectrum disorder which have recently been added to the schedule.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82665917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare schizophrenia patients with and without Deficit Syndrome (DS) with respect to alexithymia, depression and negative symptoms and to investigate the relationship between these variables. METHOD A total of 210 schizophrenia patients who joined the study were grouped on the basis of the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Each patient was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and the UKU - Side Effect Rating Scale (UKU-SERS). RESULTS The DS group had higher alexithymia scores that were not related to the negative symptoms. The prevalence of depression was significantly lower in the same group. Positive symptoms in the DS group were negatively correlated with the two TAS subscales of difficulty describing and identifying feelings. The negative symptoms scores of all the patients with and without DS correlated positively with the mean score on the TAS subscales. The severity of depressive and the negative symptoms predicted alexithymic symptoms. CONCLUSION Lack of a correlation between the negative symptoms and alexithymic symptoms in DS suggested that the respective symptoms represented different independent phenomena in schizophrenia. A future study might explore the relationship between alexithymia and negative symptoms in association with cognitive functioning.
{"title":"Relationship between Alexithymia, Depression and the Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia with and without Deficit Syndrome.","authors":"L. Inanc, Ergun Sevinc, Ü. Semiz","doi":"10.5080/u23204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23204","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare schizophrenia patients with and without Deficit Syndrome (DS) with respect to alexithymia, depression and negative symptoms and to investigate the relationship between these variables. METHOD A total of 210 schizophrenia patients who joined the study were grouped on the basis of the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Each patient was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and the UKU - Side Effect Rating Scale (UKU-SERS). RESULTS The DS group had higher alexithymia scores that were not related to the negative symptoms. The prevalence of depression was significantly lower in the same group. Positive symptoms in the DS group were negatively correlated with the two TAS subscales of difficulty describing and identifying feelings. The negative symptoms scores of all the patients with and without DS correlated positively with the mean score on the TAS subscales. The severity of depressive and the negative symptoms predicted alexithymic symptoms. CONCLUSION Lack of a correlation between the negative symptoms and alexithymic symptoms in DS suggested that the respective symptoms represented different independent phenomena in schizophrenia. A future study might explore the relationship between alexithymia and negative symptoms in association with cognitive functioning.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83612537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Banu Değirmencioğlu, K. Alptekin, B. Akdede, Nur Erdil, A. Aktener, A. Mantar, H. Ulaş
OBJECTIVE Although a lack of a comprehensive theory of mind (ToM) index has been indicated frequently in studies of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, there is no valid and reliable index to assess ToM, which represents the ability to attribute mental states to other people. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the "Dokuz Eylul Theory of Mind Index" (DEZIKÖ) in healthy volunteers and in patients with schizophrenia, which is the first Turkish-language ToM index, developed using examples in the ToM literature. METHOD The study sample consisted of a total of 286 participants, including 89 patients with schizophrenia who had been diagnosed by DSM-IV and 197 healthy volunteers. Sociodemographic data form and DEZIKÖ were administered to all participants. Empathic Skill Index-B Form (EBÖ-B) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were administered to the patients. RESULTS In healthy volunteers, internal consistency coefficient of DEZIKÖ was 0.64; inter-rater reliability was 0.99 (p<0.0001) and testretest reliability was 0.90 (p<0.01). The patient group had a positive significant correlation between DEZIKÖ and EBÖ-B (r=0.43, p<0.05). Furthermore, it was shown that healthy volunteers and patients with schizophrenia can be distinguished by using DEZIKÖ (t(285)=8.74, p<0.01). The results of factor analysis with principal components analysis in the healthy volunteer group verified that DEZIKÖ has 3 factor groups. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that DEZIKÖ, the first ToM index in the Turkish language, has acceptable validity and reliability values in healthy volunteers and in patients with schizophrenia.
{"title":"[The Validity and Reliability Study of the Dokuz Eylül Theory of Mind Index (DEZİKÖ) in Patients with Schizophrenia].","authors":"Banu Değirmencioğlu, K. Alptekin, B. Akdede, Nur Erdil, A. Aktener, A. Mantar, H. Ulaş","doi":"10.5080/U18268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U18268","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Although a lack of a comprehensive theory of mind (ToM) index has been indicated frequently in studies of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, there is no valid and reliable index to assess ToM, which represents the ability to attribute mental states to other people. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the \"Dokuz Eylul Theory of Mind Index\" (DEZIKÖ) in healthy volunteers and in patients with schizophrenia, which is the first Turkish-language ToM index, developed using examples in the ToM literature. METHOD The study sample consisted of a total of 286 participants, including 89 patients with schizophrenia who had been diagnosed by DSM-IV and 197 healthy volunteers. Sociodemographic data form and DEZIKÖ were administered to all participants. Empathic Skill Index-B Form (EBÖ-B) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were administered to the patients. RESULTS In healthy volunteers, internal consistency coefficient of DEZIKÖ was 0.64; inter-rater reliability was 0.99 (p<0.0001) and testretest reliability was 0.90 (p<0.01). The patient group had a positive significant correlation between DEZIKÖ and EBÖ-B (r=0.43, p<0.05). Furthermore, it was shown that healthy volunteers and patients with schizophrenia can be distinguished by using DEZIKÖ (t(285)=8.74, p<0.01). The results of factor analysis with principal components analysis in the healthy volunteer group verified that DEZIKÖ has 3 factor groups. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that DEZIKÖ, the first ToM index in the Turkish language, has acceptable validity and reliability values in healthy volunteers and in patients with schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80298695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：