G. Z. Kamış, Ş. Ö. Erden Aki, M. Yıldız, H. Doğan Varan, Anil Dolgun
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to the Self-Stigma of Depression Scale (SSDS), which evaluates self-stigmatization that can prevent both treatment consultation and compliance by depressed patients run Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability study of. METHOD The study included a total of 173 subjects consisting of 131 outpatients of the Psychiatry Polyclinic with past or recent major depression disorder (MDD) diagnosis and 42 non-depressed outpatients consulting the Geriatrics Polyclinics for other medical complaints. Each participant was evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), the Standardized Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Turkish Self-Stigma of Depression Scale (SSDS-TR) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The MDD patients were further evaluated with the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale. Test-retest reliability of the SSDS-TR was assessed with 27 participants 8-12 weeks after the first test. All analyses were carried out using the IBM-SPSS Statistics version 25 and the IBM SPSS AMOS version 25. RESULTS In the exploratory factor analysis, the factor structure of SSDS TR differed from the original form. The structural validity of the 4-factor model formed after excluding one problematic item was tested by confirmatory factor analysis and proven to meet the goodness of fit criteria. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the SSDS-TR was 0.847, and a moderate correlation (r=0.436 p=0.023) was obtained by the test-retest analysis. The SSDS-TR scores moderately correlated with the ISMI scores (r=0.485, p<0.001) and weakly correlated with the BDI scores (r=0.246, p<0.001). CONCLUSION The SSDS-TR formed by excluding one item from the original scale was demonstrated to be a valid and reliable psychometric tool and is expected to fill a gap in the assessment of self stigmatization of MDD patients in Turkey.
目的本研究旨在对抑郁症自我污名化量表(SSDS)进行土耳其适应性、效度和信度研究，以评估抑郁症患者的自我污名化对治疗咨询和依从性的影响。方法本研究共纳入173名受试者，包括131名过去或最近诊断为重度抑郁症(MDD)的精神病学综合诊所门诊患者和42名因其他医疗问题就诊的老年病学综合诊所非抑郁症门诊患者。采用DSM IV轴I障碍结构化临床访谈(SCID-I)、标准化迷你精神状态检查(MMSE)、土耳其抑郁自我污名量表(SSDS-TR)和贝克抑郁量表(BDI)对每位参与者进行评估。采用精神疾病内化污名(ISMI)量表对重度抑郁症患者进行评估。27名受试者在第一次测试后8-12周评估SSDS-TR的重测信度。所有分析均使用IBM-SPSS Statistics version 25和IBM SPSS AMOS version 25进行。结果在探索性因子分析中，SSDS TR的因子结构与原始形式有所不同。排除一个问题项后形成的四因素模型，采用验证性因子分析检验其结构效度，符合拟合优度标准。SSDS-TR的Cronbach's α系数为0.847，经重测分析，两者呈正相关(r=0.436 p=0.023)。SSDS-TR评分与ISMI评分呈中度相关(r=0.485, p<0.001)，与BDI评分呈弱相关(r=0.246, p<0.001)。结论从原量表中剔除一个项目后形成的SSDS-TR量表是一种有效可靠的心理测量工具，有望填补土耳其MDD患者自我污名化评估的空白。
{"title":"[The Validity and the Reliability of Turkish Version of the Self-Stigma of Depression Scale].","authors":"G. Z. Kamış, Ş. Ö. Erden Aki, M. Yıldız, H. Doğan Varan, Anil Dolgun","doi":"10.5080/U20545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U20545","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to the Self-Stigma of Depression Scale (SSDS), which evaluates self-stigmatization that can prevent both treatment consultation and compliance by depressed patients run Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability study of. METHOD The study included a total of 173 subjects consisting of 131 outpatients of the Psychiatry Polyclinic with past or recent major depression disorder (MDD) diagnosis and 42 non-depressed outpatients consulting the Geriatrics Polyclinics for other medical complaints. Each participant was evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), the Standardized Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Turkish Self-Stigma of Depression Scale (SSDS-TR) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The MDD patients were further evaluated with the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale. Test-retest reliability of the SSDS-TR was assessed with 27 participants 8-12 weeks after the first test. All analyses were carried out using the IBM-SPSS Statistics version 25 and the IBM SPSS AMOS version 25. RESULTS In the exploratory factor analysis, the factor structure of SSDS TR differed from the original form. The structural validity of the 4-factor model formed after excluding one problematic item was tested by confirmatory factor analysis and proven to meet the goodness of fit criteria. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the SSDS-TR was 0.847, and a moderate correlation (r=0.436 p=0.023) was obtained by the test-retest analysis. The SSDS-TR scores moderately correlated with the ISMI scores (r=0.485, p<0.001) and weakly correlated with the BDI scores (r=0.246, p<0.001). CONCLUSION The SSDS-TR formed by excluding one item from the original scale was demonstrated to be a valid and reliable psychometric tool and is expected to fill a gap in the assessment of self stigmatization of MDD patients in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"42 1","pages":"200-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83222584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE Endogenous attention (EnA) is an ability in goal-driven processes, controlled by top-down mechanisms and exogenous attention (ExA) is an ability in stimulus-driven processes, controlled by bottomup mechanisms. In the present research, it was aimed to investigate in Alzheimer's disease (AD) the EnA and ExA processes in relation to target position (right/left) by using the Spatial Cueing Paradigm (SCP). METHOD The study was conducted with the participants of 65-90 year age range, consisting of 14 female and 14 male (n=28) participants diagnosed with AD and 12 female and 12 male (n=24) healthy volunteers as controls. The group variable (AD, Control) was tested on the intergroup basis; and the attention type (EnA, ExA), trial type (valid /VT+ and invalid/ VT-) and the target position (left/right) variables were tested on the intra-subject basis (within subject design). Two separate factorial ANOVAs were conducted for mean reaction time and accuracy measures obtained from SCP. RESULTS In comparison to the control group, the AD group participants gave slow and wrong reactions to stimuli for EnA and ExA. The AD group responses were faster in the VT+s and more accurate in the VT-s to stimuli on the left as compared to those on the right; and the responses of AD patients to the stimuli on the left as compared to those on the right was more accurate in VT-s under ExA condition. CONCLUSION AD causes impairment of EnA and ExA. Faster reactions by AD participants to the target on the left in VT+s and more accurate reactions to the target on the left in VT-s are in agreement with reports in the literature on the lateralization of visual-spatial attention (VSA) in the right hemisphere. In this study, also in agreement with previous reports, lateralization in AD was noted in favour of the stimuli on the left in ExA.
{"title":"[Endogenous and Exogenous Attention in Alzheimer Type of Dementia: Effect of Target Position].","authors":"Funda Salman, B. Cangöz, Erguvan Tuğba Özel Kızıl","doi":"10.5080/u18330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u18330","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Endogenous attention (EnA) is an ability in goal-driven processes, controlled by top-down mechanisms and exogenous attention (ExA) is an ability in stimulus-driven processes, controlled by bottomup mechanisms. In the present research, it was aimed to investigate in Alzheimer's disease (AD) the EnA and ExA processes in relation to target position (right/left) by using the Spatial Cueing Paradigm (SCP). METHOD The study was conducted with the participants of 65-90 year age range, consisting of 14 female and 14 male (n=28) participants diagnosed with AD and 12 female and 12 male (n=24) healthy volunteers as controls. The group variable (AD, Control) was tested on the intergroup basis; and the attention type (EnA, ExA), trial type (valid /VT+ and invalid/ VT-) and the target position (left/right) variables were tested on the intra-subject basis (within subject design). Two separate factorial ANOVAs were conducted for mean reaction time and accuracy measures obtained from SCP. RESULTS In comparison to the control group, the AD group participants gave slow and wrong reactions to stimuli for EnA and ExA. The AD group responses were faster in the VT+s and more accurate in the VT-s to stimuli on the left as compared to those on the right; and the responses of AD patients to the stimuli on the left as compared to those on the right was more accurate in VT-s under ExA condition. CONCLUSION AD causes impairment of EnA and ExA. Faster reactions by AD participants to the target on the left in VT+s and more accurate reactions to the target on the left in VT-s are in agreement with reports in the literature on the lateralization of visual-spatial attention (VSA) in the right hemisphere. In this study, also in agreement with previous reports, lateralization in AD was noted in favour of the stimuli on the left in ExA.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"32 1","pages":"172-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81876666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), typically associated with the triad of gait disturbance, dementia and urinary incontinence, rarely presents with symptoms of mania, depression or psychosis and psychiatric disorders may complicate the diagnosis. Few cases of NPH and psychiatric disease comorbidity have been reported so far. In most of these cases, NPH was associated with depression and psychotic symptoms. Mania symptoms were also reported in a few cases those of which were associated with a history of bipolar disorder (BPD) or subthreshold BPD symptoms. In this paper, we present a case of late-onset mania symptoms simultaneously presenting with NPH in a healthy individual without a history of psychiatric disorder.
{"title":"A Case of Simultaneous Mania and Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Etiology or Comorbidity?","authors":"Münevver Tünel, S. Çakmak, L. Tamam, Turgay Demir","doi":"10.5080/U23340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23340","url":null,"abstract":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), typically associated with the triad of gait disturbance, dementia and urinary incontinence, rarely presents with symptoms of mania, depression or psychosis and psychiatric disorders may complicate the diagnosis. Few cases of NPH and psychiatric disease comorbidity have been reported so far. In most of these cases, NPH was associated with depression and psychotic symptoms. Mania symptoms were also reported in a few cases those of which were associated with a history of bipolar disorder (BPD) or subthreshold BPD symptoms. In this paper, we present a case of late-onset mania symptoms simultaneously presenting with NPH in a healthy individual without a history of psychiatric disorder.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"33 1","pages":"290-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76933518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oğuzhan Kılınçel, Ş. Kılınçel, Cem Gündüz, Ş. Cangür, C. Akkaya
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the clozapine on the course of the rapid cycling Bipolar Affective Disorder. METHOD The study group was formed with the patients aged between 18 and 65 years of age, who met the criteria for the diagnosis of Bipolar Affective Disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition, with rapid cycling characteristics. Variables like the number of mania and depressive episodes, the days spent in mania and in depression and the number of hospitalization and attempted suicide, in the year before starting clozapine were determined and compared with the annual data after starting the clozapine. RESULTS Eleven female and two male patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. The group`s average daily use of clozapine was 180 mg (25-600 mg). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of days spent in the depression, the days spent in the mania, the number of depressive episodes and manic episodes, the number of hospitalizations and the suicide attempts after the clozapine use. CONCLUSION In this study, it was determined that clozapine was effective as a mood stabilizer in Bipolar Affective Disorder treatment. The results show that clozapine reduces the episode frequency and the duration in rapid cycling Bipolar Affective Disorder which does not respond to all conventional treatments, including lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine and antipsychotic drugs.
{"title":"The Role of Clozapine as a Mood Regulator in the Treatment of Rapid Cycling Bipolar Affective Disorder.","authors":"Oğuzhan Kılınçel, Ş. Kılınçel, Cem Gündüz, Ş. Cangür, C. Akkaya","doi":"10.5080/U23063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23063","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the clozapine on the course of the rapid cycling Bipolar Affective Disorder. METHOD The study group was formed with the patients aged between 18 and 65 years of age, who met the criteria for the diagnosis of Bipolar Affective Disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition, with rapid cycling characteristics. Variables like the number of mania and depressive episodes, the days spent in mania and in depression and the number of hospitalization and attempted suicide, in the year before starting clozapine were determined and compared with the annual data after starting the clozapine. RESULTS Eleven female and two male patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. The group`s average daily use of clozapine was 180 mg (25-600 mg). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of days spent in the depression, the days spent in the mania, the number of depressive episodes and manic episodes, the number of hospitalizations and the suicide attempts after the clozapine use. CONCLUSION In this study, it was determined that clozapine was effective as a mood stabilizer in Bipolar Affective Disorder treatment. The results show that clozapine reduces the episode frequency and the duration in rapid cycling Bipolar Affective Disorder which does not respond to all conventional treatments, including lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine and antipsychotic drugs.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"22 1","pages":"268-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74457878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic disease with recurrent episodes of mania and depression. There is urgent need for rapid, effective, and safe treatments for bipolar depression which is difficult to treat using the current standard METHODS. Triple chronotherapy is a combination of sleep deprivation, sleep phase shift, and bright light therapy which has been shown to induce accelerated and sustained remissions in bipolar depression. In this report, we present a case of bipolar depression undergoing triple chronotherapy in addition to the standard treatment and discuss the importance of getting fast and sustained response in these cases.
{"title":"[Triple Chronotherapy for Bipolar Depression: A Case Report].","authors":"Evnur Kahyacı Kılıç, O. Çalıyurt","doi":"10.5080/U23381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23381","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic disease with recurrent episodes of mania and depression. There is urgent need for rapid, effective, and safe treatments for bipolar depression which is difficult to treat using the current standard METHODS. Triple chronotherapy is a combination of sleep deprivation, sleep phase shift, and bright light therapy which has been shown to induce accelerated and sustained remissions in bipolar depression. In this report, we present a case of bipolar depression undergoing triple chronotherapy in addition to the standard treatment and discuss the importance of getting fast and sustained response in these cases.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"58 1","pages":"220-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73209781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erectile dysfunction is a sexual dysfunction which is commonlycomorbid with major depression. Antidepressant treatment does notalways improve comorbid sexual dysfunctions in major depression. Infact, sexual dysfunction may worsen or get complicated following theintroduction of antidepressants. Modafinil is a drug with stimulanteffect on the central nervous system by binding to norepinephrineand dopamine transporters and consequently increasing synapticnorepinephrine and dopamine levels. Modafinil is primarily used inthe treatment of narcolepsy and chronic fatigue syndrome. In addition,it is known for its effectiveness in attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder and as an add-on option for major depression. In this paper,we report the case of a 39-year-old man with major depression whosecomorbid erectile dysfunction improved after addition of modafinilto antidepressant treatment. Fluoxetine 20 mg/day was initiatedand despite the improvement of most of the depressive symptomsand the sexual desire, his complaints of fatigue, weakness and erectiledysfunction continued. With the addition of modafinil (200 mg /day),improvement was observed not only in psychomotor symptoms but alsoin erectile dysfunction of the patient.
{"title":"[Use of Modafinil in Co-existing Major Depression and ErectileDysfunction: A Case Report].","authors":"H. Karaş, M. Kaser","doi":"10.5080/U23407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23407","url":null,"abstract":"Erectile dysfunction is a sexual dysfunction which is commonlycomorbid with major depression. Antidepressant treatment does notalways improve comorbid sexual dysfunctions in major depression. Infact, sexual dysfunction may worsen or get complicated following theintroduction of antidepressants. Modafinil is a drug with stimulanteffect on the central nervous system by binding to norepinephrineand dopamine transporters and consequently increasing synapticnorepinephrine and dopamine levels. Modafinil is primarily used inthe treatment of narcolepsy and chronic fatigue syndrome. In addition,it is known for its effectiveness in attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder and as an add-on option for major depression. In this paper,we report the case of a 39-year-old man with major depression whosecomorbid erectile dysfunction improved after addition of modafinilto antidepressant treatment. Fluoxetine 20 mg/day was initiatedand despite the improvement of most of the depressive symptomsand the sexual desire, his complaints of fatigue, weakness and erectiledysfunction continued. With the addition of modafinil (200 mg /day),improvement was observed not only in psychomotor symptoms but alsoin erectile dysfunction of the patient.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"74 11","pages":"142-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91498597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to conduct a case management model on a group of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) and to evaluate the outcomes during a 24-month follow up. METHOD A total of 34 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with at least one exacerbation over the last year, poor treatment compliance, who were unemployed and unable to live independently and who gave consent to participate were included to the study. Case management was conducted by a medical professional in the house, schizophrenia association, hospital, and workplace of the patients by interviewing the patients, family members, and the employers of the patients, at intervals arranged according to the need of each patient. Patients were assessed at baseline stage, the sixth, 12th and the 24th month regarding functionality, clinical condition, treatment compliance and family burden. RESULTS The study was completed in 24 months with 30 patients with a mean age was 36, mean education level of 11 years, and a mean illness duration of 13 years. The majority consisted of unmarried males living with their parents. During the follow up, every patient participated in the recommended rehabilitation programs with, improvement in treatment adherence and functionality. A significant decrement was detected in the number of hospitalizations when compared to the history before the start of the study. Family burden decreased. Ten patients got employed and 3 patients left work. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that case management hypothesized to be beneficial for people with SMI with positive outcomes on clinical recovery, improved social and vocational functionality and reduced incidences of hospital stay should be included as a routine psychosocial rehabilitation service.
{"title":"Case Management for Individuals with Severe Mental Illness: Outcomes of a 24-Month Practice.","authors":"Aysel İncedere, M. Yıldız","doi":"10.5080/u23532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23532","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to conduct a case management model on a group of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) and to evaluate the outcomes during a 24-month follow up. METHOD A total of 34 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with at least one exacerbation over the last year, poor treatment compliance, who were unemployed and unable to live independently and who gave consent to participate were included to the study. Case management was conducted by a medical professional in the house, schizophrenia association, hospital, and workplace of the patients by interviewing the patients, family members, and the employers of the patients, at intervals arranged according to the need of each patient. Patients were assessed at baseline stage, the sixth, 12th and the 24th month regarding functionality, clinical condition, treatment compliance and family burden. RESULTS The study was completed in 24 months with 30 patients with a mean age was 36, mean education level of 11 years, and a mean illness duration of 13 years. The majority consisted of unmarried males living with their parents. During the follow up, every patient participated in the recommended rehabilitation programs with, improvement in treatment adherence and functionality. A significant decrement was detected in the number of hospitalizations when compared to the history before the start of the study. Family burden decreased. Ten patients got employed and 3 patients left work. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that case management hypothesized to be beneficial for people with SMI with positive outcomes on clinical recovery, improved social and vocational functionality and reduced incidences of hospital stay should be included as a routine psychosocial rehabilitation service.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"245-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90306026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE Despite its importance as a psychological construct, narcissism have been inconsistently defined and measured across studies. Overly narrow construct definition of pathological narcissism and insufficient measurement lead Pincus et al. (2009) to develop Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI). Which is a multidimensional measure of pathological narcissism that assesses both overt and covert expressions of narcissistic vulnerability. The aim of this study was to adapt PNI into Turkish language and investigate the validity and reliability indicators. METHOD The Turkish version of Pathological Narcissism Inventory was applied to 518 (205 male) university students. Cronbach alpha and test-retest reliability coefficients were calculated. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyzes have been carried out to determine the factors. The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and the Bell Object Relations and Reality Assessment Scale (BORRTI) object relational form were used for evaluation of validity. RESULTS The Cronbach alpha is .93 for the total score, and test-retest reliability is r= .91. The principal components analysis revealed 6 factors explaining 50.24% of the variance. According to the structural equality model, fit indices indicate valid and reliable models. Analyses revealed significant correlation coefficients with NPI and BORRTI. CONCLUSION The validity and reliability indicators of PNE Turkish form were within an acceptable range and PNE can be used for further studies.
{"title":"[The Standardization of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory inthe Turkish Language and Testing Its Validity and Reliability].","authors":"Gamze Şen, E. Barişkin","doi":"10.5080/U23274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23274","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Despite its importance as a psychological construct, narcissism have been inconsistently defined and measured across studies. Overly narrow construct definition of pathological narcissism and insufficient measurement lead Pincus et al. (2009) to develop Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI). Which is a multidimensional measure of pathological narcissism that assesses both overt and covert expressions of narcissistic vulnerability. The aim of this study was to adapt PNI into Turkish language and investigate the validity and reliability indicators. METHOD The Turkish version of Pathological Narcissism Inventory was applied to 518 (205 male) university students. Cronbach alpha and test-retest reliability coefficients were calculated. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyzes have been carried out to determine the factors. The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and the Bell Object Relations and Reality Assessment Scale (BORRTI) object relational form were used for evaluation of validity. RESULTS The Cronbach alpha is .93 for the total score, and test-retest reliability is r= .91. The principal components analysis revealed 6 factors explaining 50.24% of the variance. According to the structural equality model, fit indices indicate valid and reliable models. Analyses revealed significant correlation coefficients with NPI and BORRTI. CONCLUSION The validity and reliability indicators of PNE Turkish form were within an acceptable range and PNE can be used for further studies.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"118-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87530226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE Psychiatric differential diagnosis is often ignored in young patients with memory complaints, even if no neurological or physical illnesses were evident. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between subjective memory complaints and objective memory impairment, depression and anxiety levels in young patients with memory complaints. METHOD: The study was carried out with 56 patients under the age of 55 who applied to the psychiatry, neurology and internal medicine outpatient clinics with memory complaints and 55 healthy volunteers. All participants completed the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), the Benton Visual Memory Test (BVMT), the Digit Span Test (DST), the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in the scores of SMCQ, MoCA, AVLT, BVMT, DST, VFT, BDI and BAI in individuals with memory complaints compared to the controls, which could not be ascribed to any neurological or physical disease. Depression and anxiety levels were significantly higher than those of the control group. CONCLUSION: Differential diagnosis of memory complaints has to be made in young patients. Subjective memory complaints may be indicative of depression and anxiety disorders. It is necessary to evaluate the cognitive impairment that may develop over time in young patients with subjective memory disturbances via longitudinal studies.
{"title":"[The Relationship Between Subjective Memory Complaints and Objective Memory Performance, Depression and Anxiety Levels in Patients Under 55 Years of Age].","authors":"Lütfiye Söğütlü, N. Alaca","doi":"10.5080/U23084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23084","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Psychiatric differential diagnosis is often ignored in young patients with memory complaints, even if no neurological or physical illnesses were evident. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between subjective memory complaints and objective memory impairment, depression and anxiety levels in young patients with memory complaints. METHOD: The study was carried out with 56 patients under the age of 55 who applied to the psychiatry, neurology and internal medicine outpatient clinics with memory complaints and 55 healthy volunteers. All participants completed the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), the Benton Visual Memory Test (BVMT), the Digit Span Test (DST), the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in the scores of SMCQ, MoCA, AVLT, BVMT, DST, VFT, BDI and BAI in individuals with memory complaints compared to the controls, which could not be ascribed to any neurological or physical disease. Depression and anxiety levels were significantly higher than those of the control group. CONCLUSION: Differential diagnosis of memory complaints has to be made in young patients. Subjective memory complaints may be indicative of depression and anxiety disorders. It is necessary to evaluate the cognitive impairment that may develop over time in young patients with subjective memory disturbances via longitudinal studies.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75211332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE In this cross-sectional study, childhood traumas, attachment security and alexithymia in adolescents with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) were compared with those of adolescents without any psychiatric disorder using both semi-structured clinical interviews and self-report scales. METHOD This study included 42 adolescents with PNES aged between 12-18 and 38 healthy adolescents who were matched with the study group in respect to socio-demographic variables. All adolescents and their parents were interviewed using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version in order to evaluate psychiatric disorders. Clinician- Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Scale for Children and Adolescents was used to examine the presence of PTSD symptoms. All adolescents completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28, Short Form of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. RESULTS Adolescents with PNES had more emotional and sexual traumatic experiences and PTSD symptoms compared to the control group. PNES group perceived higher "communication" but lower "trust" in attachment relationships with their mothers and fathers. Higher alexithymia and lower self-esteem were determined in the PNES group. Childhood traumas, lifetime PTSD symptoms and alexithymia were found to be significant risk factors for PNES in adolescents. CONCLUSION Results indicate that comorbid psychiatric disorders, traumatic experiences, attachment problems and alexithymia need to be evaluated and treated in adolescents with PNES.
{"title":"[Childhood Traumas, Attachment and Alexithymia in Adolescentswith Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizure Type of Conversion Disorder].","authors":"Özlem Uzun, D. Akdemir, M. Topçu, B. Özsungur","doi":"10.5080/u18398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u18398","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE In this cross-sectional study, childhood traumas, attachment security and alexithymia in adolescents with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) were compared with those of adolescents without any psychiatric disorder using both semi-structured clinical interviews and self-report scales. METHOD This study included 42 adolescents with PNES aged between 12-18 and 38 healthy adolescents who were matched with the study group in respect to socio-demographic variables. All adolescents and their parents were interviewed using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version in order to evaluate psychiatric disorders. Clinician- Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Scale for Children and Adolescents was used to examine the presence of PTSD symptoms. All adolescents completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28, Short Form of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. RESULTS Adolescents with PNES had more emotional and sexual traumatic experiences and PTSD symptoms compared to the control group. PNES group perceived higher \"communication\" but lower \"trust\" in attachment relationships with their mothers and fathers. Higher alexithymia and lower self-esteem were determined in the PNES group. Childhood traumas, lifetime PTSD symptoms and alexithymia were found to be significant risk factors for PNES in adolescents. CONCLUSION Results indicate that comorbid psychiatric disorders, traumatic experiences, attachment problems and alexithymia need to be evaluated and treated in adolescents with PNES.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"29 1","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79024760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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