S. Karabulut, I. Tasdemir, U. Akcan, C. Küçükali, E. Tüzün, S. Çakır
OBJECTIVE The increase in the circulatory cytokine levels observed in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) may imply involvement of inflammation in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. However, the association between the inflammatory process and the stage and severity of illness is not well understood. In this study, our aim was to investigate the association between neuroinflammation and disease progression in the clinical course of BD. METHOD IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), neuronspecific enolase (NSE) and S100B were measured by ELISA in plasma samples of patients at early-stage BD (n=30), chronic BD (n=77) and healthy controls (n=30). RESULTS Chronic BD patients showed significantly increased levels of all measured inflammatory markers as compared to early-stage BD patients and the healthy controls. IL-6 and IL-1RA levels correlated with NSE and/or S100B levels and TNF-α levels correlated with Montgomery- Asberg Depression Rating Scale scores and Clinical Global Impression Scale scores. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that inflammation appears to be particularly associated with IL-1RA and IL-6 activity, progressing at later stages of BD and possibly associated with gliosis and neuronal loss.
{"title":"[Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Patients with Early-Stageand Chronic Bipolar Disorder].","authors":"S. Karabulut, I. Tasdemir, U. Akcan, C. Küçükali, E. Tüzün, S. Çakır","doi":"10.5080/U18376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U18376","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The increase in the circulatory cytokine levels observed in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) may imply involvement of inflammation in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. However, the association between the inflammatory process and the stage and severity of illness is not well understood. In this study, our aim was to investigate the association between neuroinflammation and disease progression in the clinical course of BD. METHOD IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), neuronspecific enolase (NSE) and S100B were measured by ELISA in plasma samples of patients at early-stage BD (n=30), chronic BD (n=77) and healthy controls (n=30). RESULTS Chronic BD patients showed significantly increased levels of all measured inflammatory markers as compared to early-stage BD patients and the healthy controls. IL-6 and IL-1RA levels correlated with NSE and/or S100B levels and TNF-α levels correlated with Montgomery- Asberg Depression Rating Scale scores and Clinical Global Impression Scale scores. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that inflammation appears to be particularly associated with IL-1RA and IL-6 activity, progressing at later stages of BD and possibly associated with gliosis and neuronal loss.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87062130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Karakaya, Ş. Gürel, Y. Ayhan, M. Kaşifoǧlu, S. Karahan, M. Babaoğlu, E. Göka, Hilmiye Nesrin Dilbaz, B. Uluğ, B. Demir
OBJECTIVE We planned to compare individuals with alcohol dependence (AD) and healthy controls on the frequency of NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR gene polymorphism and to investigate the effects of this polymorphism on the clinical symptoms of alcohol dependence, impulsiveness and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. METHOD A total of 282 participants consisting of 153 patients and 129 age and gender matched healthy individuals were inluded in the study. All participants were evaluated with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 disorders (SCID-I) and Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale, Adult Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Diagnosis Scale (ADHDS), Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria (FHDRC). The QF-PCR fragment protocols were used for genetic analyses. Allele fragments of ≤176 bp and >176 bp sizes were separated and 3 different genotypes were determined as the SS, SL and LL. Associations of these genotypes with symptoms of AD severity, impulsiveness and comorbid ADHD were investigated. RESULTS The AD and control groups did not differ significantly on the basis of NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR gene polymorphism. Also, significant correlations between this polymorphism and symptoms of AD severity, impulsiveness and ADHD were not determined. CONCLUSION Results of our study do not indicatea significant association between the NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR genotypes and AD, subgroups of AD, impulsiveness or comorbid ADHD semptoms.
{"title":"[Effects of Nitric Oxide Synthase-1 Exon 1f-VNTR Gene Polymorphism on the Clinical Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence,Impulsivity and Comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder].","authors":"I. Karakaya, Ş. Gürel, Y. Ayhan, M. Kaşifoǧlu, S. Karahan, M. Babaoğlu, E. Göka, Hilmiye Nesrin Dilbaz, B. Uluğ, B. Demir","doi":"10.5080/u22980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u22980","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE We planned to compare individuals with alcohol dependence (AD) and healthy controls on the frequency of NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR gene polymorphism and to investigate the effects of this polymorphism on the clinical symptoms of alcohol dependence, impulsiveness and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. METHOD A total of 282 participants consisting of 153 patients and 129 age and gender matched healthy individuals were inluded in the study. All participants were evaluated with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 disorders (SCID-I) and Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale, Adult Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Diagnosis Scale (ADHDS), Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria (FHDRC). The QF-PCR fragment protocols were used for genetic analyses. Allele fragments of ≤176 bp and >176 bp sizes were separated and 3 different genotypes were determined as the SS, SL and LL. Associations of these genotypes with symptoms of AD severity, impulsiveness and comorbid ADHD were investigated. RESULTS The AD and control groups did not differ significantly on the basis of NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR gene polymorphism. Also, significant correlations between this polymorphism and symptoms of AD severity, impulsiveness and ADHD were not determined. CONCLUSION Results of our study do not indicatea significant association between the NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR genotypes and AD, subgroups of AD, impulsiveness or comorbid ADHD semptoms.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"82-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82505178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and previous knowledge of emergency management, sense of control over the stressor, perceived threat, and somatic symptoms in earthquake and fire survivors.. METHOD The data were obtained from the 2009-database of the Izmir Province Fire Department to include the people who had experienced domestic fire (n=92), from the people who had applied to the Health Group Directory after the 2005 earthquake in Seferihisar (n=38) and from the staff of a third step hospital who experienced a fire in public building in 2010 (n=34). The Impact of Events Scale-revised version (IES-R) was used to determine the traumatic stress levels of the participants; and the Behavior, Security, and Culture - Survivor (BeSeCu- S) questionnaire was used to acquire information on factors before and after the traumatic events. RESULTS Compared to the fire survivors, the earthquake survivors perceived higher levels of threat and lower levels of control during the event gender, perceived threat, somatic symptoms experienced during the event and perceived control over the event were found to predict the post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSION Results of the research suggested that control-focused treatment METHODS could be effective in treatment of people who had experienced earthquake and fire. It is observed that informing the public about emergency management would be protective for mental health by increasing the sense of control of the individuals at the time of the incident. On the other hand, the positive relationship between PTSD and previous knowledge on emergency suggests that the ringing alarms and practice errors during the fire and earthquake drills could traumatize people. Future research is recommended on the relationship between information processing, somatic symptoms and emotional processes in individuals during earthquake, fire and their drills.
{"title":"[Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Their Predictors in Earthquake or Fire Survivors].","authors":"Sinem Cankardas, Z. Sofuoğlu","doi":"10.5080/u23613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23613","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and previous knowledge of emergency management, sense of control over the stressor, perceived threat, and somatic symptoms in earthquake and fire survivors.. METHOD The data were obtained from the 2009-database of the Izmir Province Fire Department to include the people who had experienced domestic fire (n=92), from the people who had applied to the Health Group Directory after the 2005 earthquake in Seferihisar (n=38) and from the staff of a third step hospital who experienced a fire in public building in 2010 (n=34). The Impact of Events Scale-revised version (IES-R) was used to determine the traumatic stress levels of the participants; and the Behavior, Security, and Culture - Survivor (BeSeCu- S) questionnaire was used to acquire information on factors before and after the traumatic events. RESULTS Compared to the fire survivors, the earthquake survivors perceived higher levels of threat and lower levels of control during the event gender, perceived threat, somatic symptoms experienced during the event and perceived control over the event were found to predict the post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSION Results of the research suggested that control-focused treatment METHODS could be effective in treatment of people who had experienced earthquake and fire. It is observed that informing the public about emergency management would be protective for mental health by increasing the sense of control of the individuals at the time of the incident. On the other hand, the positive relationship between PTSD and previous knowledge on emergency suggests that the ringing alarms and practice errors during the fire and earthquake drills could traumatize people. Future research is recommended on the relationship between information processing, somatic symptoms and emotional processes in individuals during earthquake, fire and their drills.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84118623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether night eating, emotional eating, eating concerns, depression, and some demographic characteristics are associated with the weight regain observed after bariatric surgery. METHOD: The study group consisted of 117 adults with an age range of 21 to 56 years, residing at different cities of Turkey. The participants were assessed at the post-operative 12th- 98th months with Night Eating Questionnaire, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Emotional Eating Subscale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Eating Concern Subscale of Eating Disorder Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. Mann Whitney U Test, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression were used for data analyses. RESULTS: Post-operatively, 13.7% of participants regained weight. The results displayed that depression, night eating, emotional eating and eating concern scores were higher in the participants who regained weight. Being married, emotional eating and time elapsed after the surgery positively, while knowledge on the amount of daily nutrients needed negatively predicted weight regain. CONCLUSION: Some demographic and psychological factors may affect the weight regain observed after bariatric surgeries. This study is the first in this field in Turkey, and longitudinal studies are needed. A long term multidisciplinary follow-up protocol is recommended for successful treatment of obesity.
{"title":"[Prediction of Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery by Night Eating, Emotional Eating, Eating Concerns, Depression and Demographic Characteristics].","authors":"Şeniz Ünal, G. Sevinçer, Ayşe Fulya Maner","doi":"10.5080/u23174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23174","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether night eating, emotional eating, eating concerns, depression, and some demographic characteristics are associated with the weight regain observed after bariatric surgery. METHOD: The study group consisted of 117 adults with an age range of 21 to 56 years, residing at different cities of Turkey. The participants were assessed at the post-operative 12th- 98th months with Night Eating Questionnaire, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Emotional Eating Subscale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Eating Concern Subscale of Eating Disorder Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. Mann Whitney U Test, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression were used for data analyses. RESULTS: Post-operatively, 13.7% of participants regained weight. The results displayed that depression, night eating, emotional eating and eating concern scores were higher in the participants who regained weight. Being married, emotional eating and time elapsed after the surgery positively, while knowledge on the amount of daily nutrients needed negatively predicted weight regain. CONCLUSION: Some demographic and psychological factors may affect the weight regain observed after bariatric surgeries. This study is the first in this field in Turkey, and longitudinal studies are needed. A long term multidisciplinary follow-up protocol is recommended for successful treatment of obesity.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"54 1","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80960515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire. METHOD The Experimental Sample of this study included 1161 students aged between 10 and 18 from four different schools. Language equivalence study of the questionnaire was conducted by two experts one of whose native language was English and fluent in Turkish, and the other, vice versa. Reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by Test-retest method and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency analysis. Construct validity of the questionnaire was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. SPSS and -MPLUS 6.1- softwares were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was 0.86. Total score correlations varied between 0.23 and 0.70 (p<0.01). Test-retest score averages did not differ for both the total and subgroup scores. Test-retest correlation was calculated as 0.865 (p<0.01). Confirmatory factor analyses for construct validity showed that factor loadings of items varied between 0.165 and 0.785. Cut-off score of the questionnaire was determined as 69 after Cluster analyses and ROC analyses. CONCLUSION This study concluded that the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire developed by Pontes et al. were satisfactory.
{"title":"[Adaptation of Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire to Turkish:Reliability and Validity Study].","authors":"S. Cakiroglu, N. Soylu","doi":"10.5080/U23537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23537","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire. METHOD The Experimental Sample of this study included 1161 students aged between 10 and 18 from four different schools. Language equivalence study of the questionnaire was conducted by two experts one of whose native language was English and fluent in Turkish, and the other, vice versa. Reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by Test-retest method and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency analysis. Construct validity of the questionnaire was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. SPSS and -MPLUS 6.1- softwares were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was 0.86. Total score correlations varied between 0.23 and 0.70 (p<0.01). Test-retest score averages did not differ for both the total and subgroup scores. Test-retest correlation was calculated as 0.865 (p<0.01). Confirmatory factor analyses for construct validity showed that factor loadings of items varied between 0.165 and 0.785. Cut-off score of the questionnaire was determined as 69 after Cluster analyses and ROC analyses. CONCLUSION This study concluded that the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire developed by Pontes et al. were satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89253910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ) is a frequently used instrument in relevant literature for assessment of cognitive biases that play critical roles in appraisal of intrusive experiences in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The questionnaire was initially designed as a 44-item questionnaire, then was shortened to 20 items and lastly was brought down to 9-items. Since so far, only the 44-item version has been available in Turkey, this study aimed to examine psychometric properties of the two shortened OBQ forms in a community sample. METHOD The study included the data sets of two adult groups on the OBQ and the psychometric tools completed on the OCD symptoms, self-ambivalence and thought action fusion. RESULTS Results of the explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that the Turkish language versions of the OBQ-20 and OBQ-9 had acceptable internal consistency coefficients, similar factor structures to the original studies on the questionnaire, and that, on the bases of the extra modeling tests, the total and the subdimensional scores of both questionnaires were usable for OCD assessments. Moreover as expected, there were significant correlations among these biases, OCD symptoms, self-ambivalence and thought-action fusion.
{"title":"[The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire: Adaptation of Its Short Forms to the Turkish and Examination of Their Psychometric Properties].","authors":"O. Yorulmaz, Duygu Güngör, Ceren Gökdağ","doi":"10.5080/U23433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23433","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ) is a frequently used instrument in relevant literature for assessment of cognitive biases that play critical roles in appraisal of intrusive experiences in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The questionnaire was initially designed as a 44-item questionnaire, then was shortened to 20 items and lastly was brought down to 9-items. Since so far, only the 44-item version has been available in Turkey, this study aimed to examine psychometric properties of the two shortened OBQ forms in a community sample. METHOD The study included the data sets of two adult groups on the OBQ and the psychometric tools completed on the OCD symptoms, self-ambivalence and thought action fusion. RESULTS Results of the explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that the Turkish language versions of the OBQ-20 and OBQ-9 had acceptable internal consistency coefficients, similar factor structures to the original studies on the questionnaire, and that, on the bases of the extra modeling tests, the total and the subdimensional scores of both questionnaires were usable for OCD assessments. Moreover as expected, there were significant correlations among these biases, OCD symptoms, self-ambivalence and thought-action fusion.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"191-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90274732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE Activation syndrome (AS), as described by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), comprises 10 bipolar associated symptoms which starts after antidepressant therapy. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between lifetime hypomanic symptoms and the development of AS in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHOD: The study was conducted at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry. A total of 60 consecutive outpatients diagnosed with MDD were assessed at three time points; before the initiation of antidepressant therapy (baseline), at 2nd week and at 4th week. At the initial interview the patients completed the Hypomania Checklist-32 (HCL-32) in order to assess the lifetime history of hypomanic symptoms. Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were utilized to detect the symptoms of AS at each assessment. RESULTS: AS was detected in 25 (41.7%) patients. The most prevalent symptoms of AS were insomnia (31.7%), anxiety (25%) and irritability (15%). A significant difference was found in the HCL-32 scores of patients with and without AS. A moderate correlation between the number of AS symptoms and HSL-32 test scores were also determined. CONCLUSION: AS development was more common among the depressed patients with lifetime history of hypomanic symptoms. Given the frequency of misdiagnosis of BPD as MDD, it would be helpful to assess the hypomanic symptoms systematically with scales similar to HSL-32 in depressive patients before prescribing antidepressant medication.
{"title":"[The Relationship Between Lifetime Hypomanic Symptoms and Activation Syndrome in Major Depressive Disorder].","authors":"O. Gökçen, S. Özer, Z. Sen","doi":"10.5080/U23135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U23135","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Activation syndrome (AS), as described by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), comprises 10 bipolar associated symptoms which starts after antidepressant therapy. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between lifetime hypomanic symptoms and the development of AS in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHOD: The study was conducted at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry. A total of 60 consecutive outpatients diagnosed with MDD were assessed at three time points; before the initiation of antidepressant therapy (baseline), at 2nd week and at 4th week. At the initial interview the patients completed the Hypomania Checklist-32 (HCL-32) in order to assess the lifetime history of hypomanic symptoms. Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were utilized to detect the symptoms of AS at each assessment. RESULTS: AS was detected in 25 (41.7%) patients. The most prevalent symptoms of AS were insomnia (31.7%), anxiety (25%) and irritability (15%). A significant difference was found in the HCL-32 scores of patients with and without AS. A moderate correlation between the number of AS symptoms and HSL-32 test scores were also determined. CONCLUSION: AS development was more common among the depressed patients with lifetime history of hypomanic symptoms. Given the frequency of misdiagnosis of BPD as MDD, it would be helpful to assess the hypomanic symptoms systematically with scales similar to HSL-32 in depressive patients before prescribing antidepressant medication.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":" 44","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91413481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE In patients with vaginismus, the Lack of knowledge on rates of depression and anxiety disorders is noteworthy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalance of anxiety disorders and major depression and to examine the relationship of these omorbidities with sexual functions in women diagnosed with lifelong vaginismus. METHOD: One hundred and fourty-four women who were diagnosed with vaginismus were recruited for the study. Depression and anxiety disorders section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) were administered to the participants. RESULTS: At least one comorbid anxiety disorder and/or depression was found in 79.86 % of the cases. The most common comorbid disorder was specific phobia (63.9%). This was followed by major depression (35.4%), social anxiety disorder (13%), panic disorder (10%), obsessive compulsive disorder (5%) and generalized anxiety disorder (2%). On GRISS, mean avoidance score was higher in patients with comorbid depression and non-communication score was higher in patients with comorbid panic disorder when compared to patients with no comorbidity. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders, especially spesific phobia, was higher in patients with vaginismus than the general population. Both high comorbidity of these psychiatric disorders and disruption of functions in all domains of sexuality emphasize the importance of holistic approach in evaluation of these patients.
{"title":"[Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Disorders and Their Relationship with Sexual Functions in Women Diagnosed with Lifelong Vaginismus].","authors":"E. Yıldırım, Munevver Hacioglu Yildirim, H. Karaş","doi":"10.5080/U22858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/U22858","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE In patients with vaginismus, the Lack of knowledge on rates of depression and anxiety disorders is noteworthy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalance of anxiety disorders and major depression and to examine the relationship of these omorbidities with sexual functions in women diagnosed with lifelong vaginismus. METHOD: One hundred and fourty-four women who were diagnosed with vaginismus were recruited for the study. Depression and anxiety disorders section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) were administered to the participants. RESULTS: At least one comorbid anxiety disorder and/or depression was found in 79.86 % of the cases. The most common comorbid disorder was specific phobia (63.9%). This was followed by major depression (35.4%), social anxiety disorder (13%), panic disorder (10%), obsessive compulsive disorder (5%) and generalized anxiety disorder (2%). On GRISS, mean avoidance score was higher in patients with comorbid depression and non-communication score was higher in patients with comorbid panic disorder when compared to patients with no comorbidity. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders, especially spesific phobia, was higher in patients with vaginismus than the general population. Both high comorbidity of these psychiatric disorders and disruption of functions in all domains of sexuality emphasize the importance of holistic approach in evaluation of these patients.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"319 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77139610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of psychiatric comorbidities on the level of empathy in adolescents diagnosed with ADHD; to evaluate the relationship between adolescent behavioral problems and empathy; to acquire information on the role of having parents with psychiatric symptoms and the perceptions of the adolescents of parental acceptance and rejection in empathy development. METHOD The study sample consisted of 101 adolescents of 12-16 years of ages diagnosed with ADHD and 50 adolescents as the control group. K-SADS-PL is used for the DSM-IV diagnoses and WISC-R is applied to the participants with ADHD. Both the ADHD and the control groups were evaluated with the Basic Empathy Scale, Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire and the Young Self Report. The parents completed the Sociodemographic information form, Child Behavior Checklist and the Symptom Checklist-90- Revised; and the teachers completed the Teacher Report Form. RESULTS There was no significant difference between ADHD and control group about basic empathy scale scores. The and emotional empathy scores were significantly lower in ADHD group with comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) than ADHD group with no comorbidity. CONCLUSION In our study having only ADHD had no effect on empathy levels, ODD comorbidity was related to lower basic and emotional empathy levels. In order to determine causal/temporal relations, prospective studies, studies with larger sample sizes and with more homogenous groups are needed.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Empathy Among Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"Merve Günay Ay, B. Kılıç","doi":"10.5080/u23398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23398","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of psychiatric comorbidities on the level of empathy in adolescents diagnosed with ADHD; to evaluate the relationship between adolescent behavioral problems and empathy; to acquire information on the role of having parents with psychiatric symptoms and the perceptions of the adolescents of parental acceptance and rejection in empathy development. METHOD The study sample consisted of 101 adolescents of 12-16 years of ages diagnosed with ADHD and 50 adolescents as the control group. K-SADS-PL is used for the DSM-IV diagnoses and WISC-R is applied to the participants with ADHD. Both the ADHD and the control groups were evaluated with the Basic Empathy Scale, Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire and the Young Self Report. The parents completed the Sociodemographic information form, Child Behavior Checklist and the Symptom Checklist-90- Revised; and the teachers completed the Teacher Report Form. RESULTS There was no significant difference between ADHD and control group about basic empathy scale scores. The and emotional empathy scores were significantly lower in ADHD group with comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) than ADHD group with no comorbidity. CONCLUSION In our study having only ADHD had no effect on empathy levels, ODD comorbidity was related to lower basic and emotional empathy levels. In order to determine causal/temporal relations, prospective studies, studies with larger sample sizes and with more homogenous groups are needed.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"30 1","pages":"260-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85188897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on whether patients with panic disorder (PD) and their healthy first-degree relatives have an increased sensitivity to carbon dioxide inhalation test compared to healthy controls (HC) or patients with psychiatric disorders other than panic disorder. METHOD The databases of PubMed, EMBASE and PsycNET were searched using Boolean operators "panic AND carbon dioxide" and "panic AND CO2". Selected research articles were classified according to the carbon dioxide concentrations used in testing and the clinical characteristics of the samples. The assumption of heterogeneity across the studies was assessed by chi square based Q and I2 statistics. Publication biases were explored by Begg-Mazumdar's and Egger's tests in addition to funnel graphics. Odds ratios representing effect size of the carbon dioxide inhalation procedure were calculated according to fixed effect and random effect models after obtaining percent weight effects of each study. RESULTS Meta-Analysis was conducted on 33 research studies that include 2114 participants totally. Participants with PD experienced significantly more frequent panic attacks (PA) compared to HC following in both 5% (OR=14.713, 95% CI 7.532 - 28.739) and 35% carbon dioxide inhalation (OR=11.507, 95% CI 7.775 - 17.031). HC who have a first-degree relative with PD experienced PA approximately 3 times more than HC who have not a first-degree relative with PD (OR=2.658, 95% CI 1.678 - 4.212) following carbon dioxide inhalation test. Participants with PD experienced significantly more frequent PA than the patients with other psychiatric disorders following the carbon dioxide inhalation test (OR = 3.524, 95% CI 1.945 - 6.384). CONCLUSION There is an increased sensitivity of carbon dioxide inhalation in patients with PD and their healthy first-degree relatives. The role and possible mechanisms of carbon dioxide in etiology and physiopathology of PD should be studied extensively.
目的本研究的目的是对惊恐障碍(PD)患者及其健康一级亲属对二氧化碳吸入试验的敏感性是否比健康对照(HC)或惊恐障碍以外的精神障碍患者更高进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。方法采用“panic and CO2”和“panic and CO2”布尔运算符对PubMed、EMBASE和PsycNET数据库进行检索。根据测试中使用的二氧化碳浓度和样品的临床特征对选定的研究文章进行分类。通过基于卡方的Q和I2统计来评估研究的异质性假设。除了漏斗图，Begg-Mazumdar和Egger的测试还探讨了发表偏差。在获得每个研究的百分比权重效应后，根据固定效应和随机效应模型计算代表二氧化碳吸入过程效应大小的优势比。结果对33项研究进行meta分析，共纳入2114名受试者。与HC相比，PD患者在5% (OR=14.713, 95% CI 7.532 - 28.739)和35%的二氧化碳吸入(OR=11.507, 95% CI 7.775 - 17.031)中经历了更频繁的恐慌发作(PA)。在二氧化碳吸入试验中，有PD一级亲属的HC发生PA的几率是无PD一级亲属的HC的3倍左右(OR=2.658, 95% CI 1.678 - 4.212)。在二氧化碳吸入试验中，PD患者比其他精神疾病患者更频繁地出现PA (OR = 3.524, 95% CI 1.945 - 6.384)。结论PD患者及其健康一级亲属二氧化碳吸入敏感性增高。二氧化碳在帕金森病的病因和生理病理中的作用和可能的机制有待进一步研究。
{"title":"[A Meta-Analysis of Efficacy of Carbon Dioxide Inhalation as a Challenge Test in Panic Disorder].","authors":"Ü. Tural, F. Alioğlu","doi":"10.5080/u23215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5080/u23215","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on whether patients with panic disorder (PD) and their healthy first-degree relatives have an increased sensitivity to carbon dioxide inhalation test compared to healthy controls (HC) or patients with psychiatric disorders other than panic disorder. METHOD The databases of PubMed, EMBASE and PsycNET were searched using Boolean operators \"panic AND carbon dioxide\" and \"panic AND CO2\". Selected research articles were classified according to the carbon dioxide concentrations used in testing and the clinical characteristics of the samples. The assumption of heterogeneity across the studies was assessed by chi square based Q and I2 statistics. Publication biases were explored by Begg-Mazumdar's and Egger's tests in addition to funnel graphics. Odds ratios representing effect size of the carbon dioxide inhalation procedure were calculated according to fixed effect and random effect models after obtaining percent weight effects of each study. RESULTS Meta-Analysis was conducted on 33 research studies that include 2114 participants totally. Participants with PD experienced significantly more frequent panic attacks (PA) compared to HC following in both 5% (OR=14.713, 95% CI 7.532 - 28.739) and 35% carbon dioxide inhalation (OR=11.507, 95% CI 7.775 - 17.031). HC who have a first-degree relative with PD experienced PA approximately 3 times more than HC who have not a first-degree relative with PD (OR=2.658, 95% CI 1.678 - 4.212) following carbon dioxide inhalation test. Participants with PD experienced significantly more frequent PA than the patients with other psychiatric disorders following the carbon dioxide inhalation test (OR = 3.524, 95% CI 1.945 - 6.384). CONCLUSION There is an increased sensitivity of carbon dioxide inhalation in patients with PD and their healthy first-degree relatives. The role and possible mechanisms of carbon dioxide in etiology and physiopathology of PD should be studied extensively.","PeriodicalId":94262,"journal":{"name":"Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry","volume":"6 1","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89825112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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