Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases最新文献_第9页

Luring the vector: A systematic review of sand fly attractants 引诱病媒：沙蝇引诱剂的系统综述

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100325

Panagiota Tsafrakidou , Arsen Gkektsian , Michael Miaoulis , Lee W. Cohnstaedt , Alexandra Chaskopoulou

Sand flies are vectors of Leishmania spp. parasites, responsible for causing leishmaniasis in humans and animals. Effective control of sand fly populations is essential to interrupt pathogen transmission, yet conventional insecticide-spraying methods have shown limited and often unsustainable impact. As part of Integrated Vector Management (IVM) systems, attractant-based strategies offer a promising complementary approach by luring the vector for improved surveillance and control. Understanding the sensory cues that drive sand fly behavior is essential for the development of effective attract-and-kill or monitoring tools. However, the application of attractants in sand fly control remains underutilized, partially due to fragmented and inconsistent evidence across studies. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review, according to the PRISMA guidelines, to summarize current knowledge on sand fly attractants and evaluate their potential role within IVM frameworks. Articles published up to the end of 2024, were retrieved from four databases. The search strategy was adapted to the PEO (Population, Exposure, Outcome) framework, with tailored search queries designed for each database in order to identify relevant field and laboratory studies. The 100 included studies were assessed using a customized tool and classified into five categories: “visual cues”, “olfactory cues”, “combined cues”, “attractive toxic sugar bates (ATSB)”, and a “special category”. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic approach to comprehensively and systematically summarize existing knowledge regarding sand fly attractants.

沙蝇是利什曼原虫属寄生虫的媒介，导致人类和动物感染利什曼病。有效控制沙蝇种群对阻断病原体传播至关重要，但传统的杀虫剂喷洒方法显示出有限的影响，而且往往是不可持续的。作为病媒综合管理（IVM）系统的一部分，基于引诱剂的战略通过引诱病媒改善监测和控制，提供了一种有希望的补充方法。了解驱动沙蝇行为的感官线索对于开发有效的吸引和杀死或监测工具至关重要。然而，引诱剂在沙蝇防治中的应用仍未得到充分利用，部分原因是研究证据不完整和不一致。为了解决这一差距，我们根据PRISMA指南进行了系统回顾，总结了目前关于沙蝇引诱剂的知识，并评估了它们在IVM框架中的潜在作用。截至2024年底发表的文章从四个数据库中检索。搜索策略适应了PEO（人口、暴露、结果）框架，为每个数据库设计了量身定制的搜索查询，以确定相关的领域和实验室研究。研究人员使用定制工具对纳入的100项研究进行评估，并将其分为五类：“视觉线索”、“嗅觉线索”、“综合线索”、“诱人的有毒糖贝茨（ATSB）”和“特殊类别”。据我们所知，这是第一个全面和系统地总结有关沙蝇引诱剂的现有知识的系统方法。

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引用次数: 0

Genome analyses of amphotericin B-susceptible and -resistant strains of Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis reveal variations potentially related to amphotericin B resistance 马提尼克利什曼原虫两性霉素B敏感和耐药菌株的基因组分析揭示了可能与两性霉素B耐药相关的变异

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100255

Narissara Jariyapan , Sivamoke Dissook , Pitiporn Noisagul , Patcharawadee Thongkumkoon , Chonlada Mano , Romteera Kittichaiworakul , Anuluck Junkum , Adisak Tantiworawit , Pascale Pescher , Gerald F. Späth , Hatim Almutairi , Padet Siriyasatien

Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmpB) is used for the treatment of leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis in Thailand, and relapse cases have been documented. To date, genomic analysis of drug-resistant L. martiniquensis strains is limited. In this study, comparative genome analyses were performed with an experimentally selected AmpB-resistant L. martiniquensis (AmpBRP2i) and two cryopreserved L. martiniquensis parasite strains isolated from a patient showing differences in response to AmpB treatment, LSCM1-WT (susceptible) and LSCM1-6 (resistant). Applying the GIP genome analyses package, we identified aneuploidy and gene copy number variations in all three samples, none of which correlated with AmpB resistance. In contrast, single nucleotide variant (SNV) analyses revealed an SNV in AmpB-resistant strains introduced a premature stop codon into a putative sterol C-24 reductase gene (C24R) (LSCM1_02556) involved in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway in Leishmania. As Leishmania AmpB resistance has previously been linked to mutations in other genes of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in different species of Leishmania parasites, these results suggest that C24R may serve as an additional marker of AmpB resistance in Leishmania. We further identified two missense SNVs in AmpB-resistant strains in a putative ‘ABC transporter-like/ABC transporter family’ gene (LSCM1_01856) that could be involved in drug efflux. These initial findings pave the way for future research with a larger number of isolates to confirm the genomic signature we associate here with AmpB resistance.

两性霉素B脱氧胆酸盐（AmpB）用于治疗泰国由马提尼克利什曼原虫（蒙迪尼亚）引起的利什曼病，已有复发病例记录。迄今为止，耐药马提尼克氏L. martinquensis菌株的基因组分析有限。本研究对实验选择的AmpB耐药L. martiniquensis （AmpBRP2i）和从患者中分离的两个低温保存的L. martiniquensis寄生虫菌株LSCM1-WT（易感）和LSCM1-6（耐药）进行了比较基因组分析。利用GIP基因组分析包，我们在所有三个样本中发现了非整倍性和基因拷贝数变异，这些变异都与AmpB抗性无关。相比之下，单核苷酸变异（SNV）分析显示，在抗ampb菌株中，SNV在利什曼原虫麦角甾醇生物合成途径中推测的甾醇C-24还原酶基因（C24R）（LSCM1_02556）中引入了一个过早终止密码子。由于利什曼原虫AmpB耐药与不同种利什曼原虫麦角甾醇生物合成途径的其他基因突变有关，这些结果表明C24R可能作为利什曼原虫AmpB耐药的额外标记物。我们进一步在一个假定的“ABC转运蛋白样/ABC转运蛋白家族”基因（LSCM1_01856）中发现了两个可能参与药物外排的ammb耐药菌株的错义snv。这些初步发现为未来更多分离株的研究铺平了道路，以确认我们在这里与AmpB抗性相关的基因组特征。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering a cryptic minefield: A guide to Cryptosporidium gp60 subtyping 解密一个隐秘的雷区：隐孢子虫gp60亚型分型指南

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100257

Guy Robinson , Rachel M. Chalmers , Kristin Elwin , Rebecca A. Guy , Kyrylo Bessonov , Karin Troell , Lihua Xiao

For 25 years, analysis of the gp60 gene has been the cornerstone of Cryptosporidium subtyping, particularly for Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum, during population-based and epidemiological studies. This gene, which encodes a 60 kDa glycoprotein, is highly polymorphic with several variable features that make it particularly useful for differentiating within Cryptosporidium species. However, while this variability has proven useful for subtyping, it has on occasion resulted in alternative interpretations, and descriptions of novel and unusual features have been added to the nomenclature system, resulting in inconsistency and confusion. The components of the gp60 gene sequence used in the nomenclature that are discussed here include “R” repeats, “r” repeats, alphabetical suffixes, “variant” designations, and the use of the Greek alphabet as a family designation. As the subtyping scheme has expanded over the years, its application to different Cryptosporidium species has also made the scheme more complex. For example, key features may be absent, such as the typical TCA/TCG/TCT serine microsatellite that forms a major part of the nomenclature in C. hominis and C. parvum. As is to be expected in such a variable gene, different primer sets have been developed for the amplification of the gp60 in various species and these have been collated. Here we bring together all the current components of gp60, including a guide to the nomenclature in various species, software to assist in analysing sequences, and links to useful reference resources with an aim to promote standardisation of this subtyping tool.

25年来，gp60基因的分析一直是隐孢子虫亚型分型的基础，特别是在基于人群和流行病学研究中，对人隐孢子虫和细小隐孢子虫的分型。该基因编码一个60 kDa的糖蛋白，具有高度多态性，具有几个可变特征，这使得它在隐孢子虫物种之间的区分中特别有用。然而，尽管这种可变性已被证明对分型有用，但它有时会导致不同的解释，并且在命名系统中添加了对新颖和不寻常特征的描述，从而导致不一致和混淆。在这里讨论的命名法中使用的gp60基因序列的组成部分包括“R”重复，“R”重复，字母后缀，“变体”命名，以及使用希腊字母作为家族名称。随着亚型分型方案多年来的扩展，它在不同隐孢子虫物种中的应用也使该方案更加复杂。例如，关键特征可能不存在，例如典型的TCA/TCG/TCT丝氨酸微卫星，而TCA/TCG/TCT微卫星构成了人猿C.和细小C.命名法的主要部分。正如在这样一个可变的基因中所期望的那样，已经开发了不同的引物集来扩增不同物种的gp60，并对这些引物进行了整理。在这里，我们汇集了gp60的所有现有组成部分，包括各种物种的命名指南，帮助分析序列的软件，以及链接到有用的参考资源，目的是促进这个亚型分型工具的标准化。

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引用次数: 0

Species classification of Tabanus (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Western Thailand: Integrating DNA barcoding and modern morphometrics 泰国西部虻属（双翅目：虻科）的种类分类：DNA条形码与现代形态计量学的整合

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100243

Tanasak Changbunjong , Thekhawet Weluwanarak , Sedthapong Laojun , Tanawat Chaiphongpachara

The species of Tabanus, commonly known as horse flies, are remarkable ectoparasites capable of transmitting various pathogens to animals and humans. Given their role in disease transmission, accurate identification of horse fly species is critical but traditionally relies on morphological characteristics, requiring significant expertise and posing a high potential for error, especially with damaged specimens. To address the limitations of traditional morphological identification, this study highlights the importance of alternative techniques, including DNA barcoding and geometric morphometrics (GM). To enhance the reliability of species identification, DNA barcoding was employed to analyze 30 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene sequences from 15 horse fly species, which were then compared with sequences in the GenBank and BOLD databases. Most cox1 sequences aligned with existing data, with similarity percentages ranging from 96% to 100%. However, discrepancies were noted, including Tabanus helvinus, misidentified as Tabanus aurilineatus, and Tabanus minimus, whose sequences matched those of both Tabanus minimus and Tabanus mesogaeus. Besides DNA barcoding, GM analyses were conducted to enhance species classification accuracy. Our GM analyses employed the landmark-based method for the entire wing and the outline-based method for the first submarginal cell. While shape-based GM analyses demonstrated high reliability, with adjusted total accuracy scores of 97% and 96%, size-based GM analyses yielded significantly lower accuracy, with scores of only 27% and 23%, respectively. These findings provide a foundation for refining horse fly species classification by integrating DNA barcoding and GM approaches, offering valuable advances in species identification and developing targeted control measures.

Tabanus，俗称马蝇，是一种显著的体外寄生虫，能够将各种病原体传播给动物和人类。鉴于它们在疾病传播中的作用，准确鉴定蝇类至关重要，但传统上依赖于形态学特征，需要大量专业知识，并且存在很大的错误可能性，特别是对于受损的标本。为了解决传统形态鉴定的局限性，本研究强调了替代技术的重要性，包括DNA条形码和几何形态计量学（GM）。为了提高物种鉴定的可靠性，采用DNA条形码技术对15种蝇类的30个细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1 （cox1）基因序列进行了分析，并与GenBank和BOLD数据库中的序列进行了比较。大多数cox1序列与现有数据一致，相似率在96%到100%之间。然而，也发现了一些差异，包括被误认为耳Tabanus aurilineatus的helvinus Tabanus，以及与Tabanus minimus和Tabanus mesogaeus序列一致的Tabanus minimus。除了DNA条形码外，还进行了转基因分析，以提高物种分类的准确性。我们的GM分析对整个机翼采用了基于地标的方法，对第一个亚边缘单元采用了基于轮廓的方法。虽然基于形状的GM分析显示出高可靠性，调整后的总准确率得分为97%和96%，但基于尺寸的GM分析的准确率明显较低，分别只有27%和23%。这些发现为整合DNA条形码和转基因技术来完善马蝇种类分类奠定了基础，为物种鉴定和制定有针对性的控制措施提供了有价值的进展。

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引用次数: 0

Apical-out bovine intestinal organoids as an infection model for Cryptosporidium parvum 牛小肠类器官作为细小隐孢子虫的感染模型

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100284

Mathilde Svensen Varegg , Lucy J. Robertson , Lise Benette Nilsen Hovd , Maria Stokstad , Alejandro Jiménez-Meléndez

Cryptosporidium parvum is a major pathogen responsible for neonatal calf diarrhoea, but research has been hampered due to the lack of in vitro models that can complete the life cycle. In this scenario, human and murine small intestinal organoids (enteroids) are emerging as new in vitro tools. However, models employing bovine cells, relevant for the pathogenesis in the target species, are lacking. Thus, a panel of bovine enteroids was isolated in this study. Enteroids have an enclosed apical lumen, and the parasite must be delivered to the apical side of the cells to facilitate infection. Two different methods of reversing cell polarity were used to generate bovine apical-out enteroids: dissociation in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and dissociation in trypsin. Infection of these enteroids with C. parvum was attempted by incubation of the enteroids with viable, bleach-treated oocysts and subsequent cultivation of the two different enteroid set-ups. Apical-out enteroids dissociated in trypsin supported C. parvum infection and asexual replication, whilst dissociation in EDTA did not. However, only when a high dose of oocysts was administered, were all enteroids included able to support C. parvum replication consistently. When the apical-out enteroids were inoculated with a low dose of oocysts, only one isolate supported C. parvum replication, suggesting enteroid-specific variability. This study reports on infection and asexual replication of C. parvum in bovine apical-out ileal organoids.

小隐孢子虫是导致新生儿小牛腹泻的主要病原体，但由于缺乏能够完成生命周期的体外模型，研究一直受到阻碍。在这种情况下，人类和小鼠小肠类器官（enteroid）正在成为新的体外工具。然而，利用牛细胞的模型，与目标物种的发病机制有关，是缺乏的。因此，本研究分离了一组牛类肠。肠道有一个封闭的顶端管腔，寄生虫必须被运送到细胞的顶端以促进感染。两种不同的逆转细胞极性的方法被用来产生牛顶出肠：解离乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）和解离胰蛋白酶。通过将这些肠道与活的、经过漂白处理的卵囊孵育，并随后培养两种不同的肠道设置，试图用细小梭菌感染这些肠道。胰蛋白酶解离的顶端向外的肠道支持小孢子虫感染和无性复制，而EDTA的解离则不支持。然而，只有当给予高剂量的卵囊时，所有的肠道都能够一致地支持小孢子虫的复制。当用低剂量的卵囊接种尖向外的肠道时，只有一个分离株支持小孢子虫的复制，这表明肠道特异性的可变性。本研究报道了小弧菌在牛顶尖外回肠类器官中的感染和无性复制。

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引用次数: 0

What is the status of Ixodes inopinatus (Ixodidae)? 伊蚊（伊蚊科）的现状如何？

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100306

Agustin Estrada-Peña , Molin Zheng , Valérie O. Baede , José de la Fuente , Hein Sprong

The original description of Ixodes inopinatus is predominantly based on morphological and ecological characteristics. It was postulated that I. inopinatus is a cryptic species of the Ixodes ricinus complex, mainly found in the Mediterranean region of Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Although definitive proof is lacking, genetic insights support that I. inopinatus is a distinct species, but that the morphological characteristics, particularly from the adult stages, as well as molecular features, might not be distinctive enough for identification. In this study, we re-examined and expanded recently published results on the molecular relationships between I. ricinus and I. inopinatus, using the complete mitogenomes of 44 specimens of I. ricinus, 3 of Ixodes persulcatus, 3 of either Ixodes pomerantzevi, Ixodes scapularis, or Ixodes pacificus, and 6 of I. inopinatus from Northern Africa; the latter were identified as I. ricinus (in part) in previous reports. We managed to demonstrate that I. inopinatus has unique mitochondrial genomic features that allow the complete separation from I. ricinus collected in Europe. All specimens of I ricinus in Europe belong to four mitogenome clades that lack clear geographical structuring. Specimens found in Northern Africa belong to a fifth population. Although specimens of I. inopinatus have been reported in Central Europe, their link with such a fifth mitogenome has not yet been documented. To confirm the link between genetics and morphology, we recommend additional studies, ideally based on nymphs of I. ricinus and I. inopinatus, since they allow adequate morphological separation. Efforts should be directed to manage laboratory colonies to check for reproductive isolation, hybridization, and performance under different conditions of temperature and humidity.

对伊蠓的原始描述主要基于形态学和生态学特征。推测伊蚊是蓖麻伊蚊复合体的一个隐种，主要分布于西班牙、葡萄牙、摩洛哥、阿尔及利亚和突尼斯等地中海地区。虽然缺乏明确的证据，但遗传学的见解支持伊蠓是一个独特的物种，但形态学特征，特别是成虫阶段的形态学特征，以及分子特征，可能不够独特，无法进行鉴定。本研究利用44种蓖麻蜱、3种过弯伊蚊、3种pomerantzevi、3种scapularis、3种太平洋伊蚊和6种北非伊蚊的完整有丝分裂基因组，对最近发表的关于蓖麻蜱和伊蚊分子关系的研究成果进行了重新检验和扩展；后者在以前的报告中被确定为蓖麻虫（部分）。我们成功地证明了伊诺帕努斯鼠具有独特的线粒体基因组特征，使其与欧洲收集的蓖麻鼠完全分离。欧洲所有蓖麻属的标本都属于四个有丝分裂基因组分支，缺乏明确的地理结构。在北非发现的标本属于第五种。尽管在中欧已经报道了伊蚊的标本，但它们与第五个有丝分裂基因组的联系尚未得到记录。为了确认遗传和形态之间的联系，我们建议进行更多的研究，理想情况下是基于蓖麻螨和伊诺伊螨的若虫，因为它们允许足够的形态分离。应努力管理实验室菌落，检查在不同温度和湿度条件下的生殖分离、杂交和性能。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the role of community involvement and capacity building in larviciding applications for malaria control in Africa: A scoping review 评估社区参与和能力建设在非洲用于疟疾控制的杀幼虫应用中的作用：范围审查

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100307

GloriaSalome Shirima , Thiery Masserey , Hamenyimana Gervas , Nakul Chitnis , Samson Kiware , Silas Mirau

Larviciding offers a supplementary approach in malaria vector control, particularly when applied through community engagement and capacity building. A scoping review was performed to evaluate existing larviciding delivery mechanisms and their impacts on African malaria control. A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search strategy utilized Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free-text terms related to “malaria”, “larvicide”, “community engagement” and “mosquito control”. The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched for relevant literature published until December 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on studies addressing community engagement in delivering larviciding within African settings. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 papers were ultimately included in the analysis. The studies spanned 13 African countries, primarily in sub-Saharan regions, with findings indicating that larviciding significantly reduced mosquito density and, in some cases, malaria incidence. Community engagement strategies varied, with workshops and participatory meetings targeting various stakeholders to enhance awareness and ownership of larviciding programmes. Community engagement and capacity building were critical to successfully implementing larviciding programmes. While challenges, such as logistical barriers, lack of awareness, and financial constraints, persist, integrating technological innovations and strengthening monitoring systems can enhance the sustainability of these efforts.

杀幼虫是疟疾病媒控制的一种补充方法，特别是通过社区参与和能力建设加以应用时。进行了范围审查，以评估现有的杀幼虫剂输送机制及其对非洲疟疾控制的影响。根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行了范围审查。搜索策略利用医学主题词（MeSH）和与“疟疾”、“杀幼虫剂”、“社区参与”和“蚊子控制”相关的自由文本术语。检索PubMed、Scopus和Embase数据库，检索截止2024年12月发表的相关文献。纳入标准侧重于在非洲环境中提供灭蚊幼虫的社区参与研究。应用纳入和排除标准后，32篇论文最终被纳入分析。这些研究涵盖了13个非洲国家，主要是撒哈拉以南地区，研究结果表明，杀幼虫剂显著降低了蚊子密度，在某些情况下还降低了疟疾发病率。社区参与战略各不相同，针对不同利益攸关方举办了讲习班和参与性会议，以提高对灭蚊幼虫规划的认识和主人翁精神。社区参与和能力建设对于成功实施杀幼虫规划至关重要。尽管诸如后勤障碍、缺乏认识和财政限制等挑战仍然存在，但整合技术创新和加强监测系统可以提高这些努力的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the vector potential of Lipoptena cervi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae): first record of Setaria cervi (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) DNA in deer keds 鹿颈绒尾虫（丝状总目：盘尾虫科）DNA的首次记录

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100331

Klaudia Mária Švirlochová , Dana Zubriková , Veronika Blažeková , Lucia Vargová , Eva Čisovská Bazsalovicsová , Ján Čurlík , Ivana Heglasová , Bronislava Víchová

Setaria cervi is a filarial nematode that infects both wild and domestic ungulates. It is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, although the possible role of other hematophagous insects is still uncertain. We investigated 83 wingless deer keds (Lipoptena spp.) from red and fallow deer in northern and eastern Slovakia, as well as 43 red deer liver samples for the presence of filarial DNA. Deer keds were identified as Lipoptena cervi (n = 80) and Lipoptena fortisetosa (n = 3). Genomic DNA from individual ectoparasites was screened by PCR targeting a mitochondrial cox1 gene fragment of filaroid nematodes. Two L. cervi from red deer in Hrabušice (eastern Slovakia) tested positive for S. cervi DNA, with 100% sequence identity with worms recently isolated from Slovak game animals. Additionally, S. cervi DNA was detected in one liver from a red deer in the Vranov nad Topl’ou district. This study provides the first molecular evidence of S. cervi DNA in L. cervi, suggesting a potential role of deer keds in the transmission at the wildlife-livestock-vector interface.

狗尾草属是一种丝状线虫，可感染野生和家养有蹄类动物。它主要由蚊子传播，尽管其他吸血昆虫的可能作用仍不确定。我们调查了斯洛伐克北部和东部的83只无翅鹿（Lipoptena spp.）的赤鹿和黇鹿，以及43个马鹿肝脏样本的丝虫病DNA。鉴定鹿科植物为鹿颈脂田鼠（n = 80）和枫脂田鼠（n = 3）。采用针对丝状线虫线粒体cox1基因片段的PCR方法筛选体外寄生虫基因组DNA。在Hrabušice（斯洛伐克东部）的马鹿中发现的2只宫颈弧菌DNA检测呈阳性，其序列与最近从斯洛伐克狩猎动物中分离的蠕虫100%一致。此外，在Vranov和Topl 'ou地区的一只马鹿的肝脏中检测到S. cerv DNA。本研究首次提供了鹿颈葡萄球菌DNA存在于鹿颈葡萄球菌中的分子证据，提示鹿颈在野生动物-牲畜-媒介界面传播中可能起着重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Factors contributing to mosquito-borne disease: A systematic review in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region 促成蚊媒疾病的因素：中东和北非（MENA）地区的系统回顾

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100281

Abdullah Al-Manji , Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda , Rawaa Abubakr Abuelgassim Eltayib , Mohammed Al-Azri , Moon Fai Chan

Mosquitoes can carry and spread many diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. All these mosquito-borne diseases (MBD) represent a significant global burden of infectious diseases, including morbidity and mortality. This systematic review delves into the multifaceted factors contributing to the spread of MBD in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Following PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed peer-reviewed English-language observational and experimental studies published between May 1990 and January 2023, focusing on the interaction between population, environmental, disease, and mosquito factors in MBD. The review includes 32 studies (30 articles) that revealed a complex relationship between various risk factors and the presence of MBD. The review distinguishes between seroprevalence studies, which assess exposure to infection in asymptomatic populations, and overt disease studies, which focus on symptomatic cases and the host-specific factors that affect disease severity. It identifies key risk factors such as age, geography, gender, professional occupation, and socio-economic status, noting their varying impacts on disease transmission and progression across different MBDs. Environmental factors such as climate, mosquito breeding habitats, and urbanization are also reported as significant drivers of vector distribution and human-vector interactions. The review emphasizes the need for tailored, region-specific interventions to control MBD in the MENA region and highlights the importance of integrated vector control, improved sanitation, surveillance programmes, and public health education. The review also stresses the growing influence of climate change on disease patterns and calls for a multi-sectoral approach to MBD control. While focusing on the MENA region, the findings suggest the need for further research and region-specific public health policies to mitigate the impact of these diseases.

蚊子可以携带和传播许多由细菌、病毒或寄生虫引起的疾病。所有这些蚊媒疾病（MBD）都是全球传染病的重大负担，包括发病率和死亡率。本系统综述深入探讨了导致MBD在中东和北非（MENA）地区传播的多方面因素。根据PRISMA指南，我们回顾了1990年5月至2023年1月期间发表的同行评议的英语观察和实验研究，重点关注MBD中人口、环境、疾病和蚊子因素之间的相互作用。该综述包括32项研究（30篇文章），揭示了各种风险因素与MBD存在之间的复杂关系。该综述区分了血清阳性率研究和显性疾病研究，前者评估无症状人群的感染暴露，后者关注有症状病例和影响疾病严重程度的宿主特异性因素。它确定了关键的风险因素，如年龄、地理位置、性别、专业职业和社会经济地位，并指出它们对不同MBDs之间疾病传播和进展的不同影响。据报道，气候、蚊虫滋生地和城市化等环境因素也是媒介分布和人与媒介相互作用的重要驱动因素。该审查强调需要有针对性的区域干预措施来控制中东和北非地区的MBD，并强调综合病媒控制、改善卫生设施、监测规划和公共卫生教育的重要性。该报告还强调气候变化对疾病模式的影响越来越大，并呼吁采取多部门方法来控制MBD。虽然研究结果侧重于中东和北非地区，但研究结果表明，需要进一步研究和制定针对该地区的公共卫生政策，以减轻这些疾病的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis of Aedes aegypti midgut and salivary gland post-Zika virus infection 寨卡病毒感染后埃及伊蚊中肠和唾液腺转录组分析

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100251

Chunling Zhu , Yuting Jiang , Qianghui Zhang , Jian Gao , Chaojie Li , Chunxiao Li , Yande Dong , Dan Xing , Hengduan Zhang , Teng Zhao , Xiaoxia Guo , Tongyan Zhao

This study aimed to investigate the transcriptomic changes in the midgut and salivary glands of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with Zika virus (ZIKV), in order to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between the virus and the mosquito vector. Aedes aegypti from Jiegao (JG) and Mengding (MD) in China were experimentally infected with ZIKV, and the midgut and salivary gland tissues were collected at 2-, 4- and 6 days post-infection (dpi). High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the transcriptomic changes between ZIKV-infected and non-infected Ae. aegypti midgut and salivary gland tissues. Bioinformatics tools were employed for further analysis of the transcriptomic data. The expression levels of 8 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated using RT-qPCR. A conjoint analysis of small RNA-seq and mRNA-seq was performed to screen interactional miRNA-mRNA pairs during ZIKV infection. Using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network of genes and subsequently identified hub genes. The most significant transcriptional changes in Ae. aegypti occurred at 2 dpi. On 2, 4 and 6 dpi, 11 genes showed significant changes in both the midgut and salivary glands of the same mosquito strain, while 25 genes exhibited significant changes in the same tissue between the JG and MD strains. The expression tendencies of 8 DEGs obtained by RNA-Seq were similar to those detected by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we individually identified 10 hub genes in the midgut and salivary glands. Based on previous miRNA research, we discovered the involvement of 9 miRNAs in the regulation of these hub genes. Our findings demonstrate that Ae. aegypti exhibit distinct transcriptomic changes in response to ZIKV infection. The identification of the hub genes and their regulatory miRNAs provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ZIKV infection in mosquitoes. This study contributes to a better understanding of the pathogen-vector interactions and may aid in the development of targeted strategies for ZIKV control.

本研究旨在研究寨卡病毒（Zika virus， ZIKV）感染后埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti mosquito）中肠和唾液腺的转录组学变化，探讨寨卡病毒与媒介蚊子相互作用的分子机制。本研究对中国结高市和蒙定市的埃及伊蚊进行寨卡病毒实验感染，分别于感染后2、4、6 d采集其中肠和唾液腺组织。采用高通量测序方法分析感染和未感染伊蚊的转录组变化。埃及伊蚊中肠和唾液腺组织。利用生物信息学工具对转录组数据进行进一步分析。采用RT-qPCR验证8个显著差异表达基因（DEGs）的表达水平。采用小RNA-seq和mRNA-seq联合分析筛选寨卡病毒感染过程中相互作用的miRNA-mRNA对。利用互作基因检索工具，我们构建了一个蛋白质-蛋白质互作基因网络，并随后确定了枢纽基因。伊蚊的转录变化最为显著。埃及伊蚊出现在2 dpi。在2、4和6 dpi时，11个基因在同一蚊株的中肠和唾液腺中均表现出显著变化，25个基因在JG和MD菌株的同一组织中表现出显著变化。RNA-Seq检测得到的8个deg的表达趋势与RT-qPCR检测结果相似。此外，我们在中肠和唾液腺中分别鉴定了10个枢纽基因。基于之前的miRNA研究，我们发现有9种miRNA参与了这些中枢基因的调控。我们的研究结果表明，Ae。埃及伊蚊对寨卡病毒感染表现出明显的转录组变化。枢纽基因及其调控mirna的鉴定为了解蚊子感染寨卡病毒的分子机制提供了有价值的见解。这项研究有助于更好地了解病原体与媒介的相互作用，并可能有助于制定有针对性的寨卡病毒控制策略。

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引用次数: 0