Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences最新文献

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), arising from inadequate hygiene practices, significantly increase morbidity and mortality rates in hospitalized patients.

Materials and methods: This descriptive study involved 350 healthcare workers from private hospitals in Wuhan, China. Participants responded to a questionnaire with close-ended questions, distributed physically and via email. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

Results: The analysis indicated a gap in healthcare workers' knowledge of infection control, affecting hospital hygiene standards. About 60% of respondents hold a diploma or higher qualification.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of targeted training and educational initiatives in infection control procedures. A significant factor in hospitals' inadequate hygiene practices is the gap in staff training and knowledge.

Hypertension is a serious condition that affects both industrialized and developing nations' public health. It is an important medical condition that can raise the chance of developing heart, brain, kidney, and other problems.

Objective: • To evaluate the effect of green tea and black tea on blood pressure (BP). • To compare the levels of BP among black tea- and green tea-consuming hypertensive patients. • To find out the association between effects of green tea- and black tea-consuming hypertensive patients with selected demographic variables.

Methodology: A quasiexperimental research design with the purposive sampling technique was adopted to conduct a study among 60 hypertensive patients. Thirty patients consume black tea, and 30 consume green tea. Data were gathered by structured questionnaires using demographic variables and biological parameters.

Result: The calculated Student independent 't' test value of t = 3.216 in the post-test shows that there was a statistically significant difference between the post-test levels of systolic BP between the two groups, which was statistically significant at P < 0.01 level. The calculated student independent't' test value of t = 2.986 in the post-test shows that there was a statistically significant difference between the post-test levels of diastolic BP between the two groups, which was statistically significant at P < 0.01 level.

Conclusion: Green tea was found to be more effective than black tea in reducing the level of hypertension among the hypertensive clients.

Introduction: Depression is likely to be the most common psychopathology in haemodialysis patients. It might affect their adherence to treatment and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the prevalence of depression in haemodialysis patients has not been definitively determined, and it is generally underdiagnosed and undertreated. Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients have diminished quality of life (QOL) scores compared with healthy persons. Moreover, patients on haemodialysis might have worse QOL than those on peritoneal dialysis.

Objectives: To assess the level of depression and quality of life among haemodialysis patients.

Methodology: The research design adopted for this study was quantitative method. The population includes patient undergoing haemodialysis in SMCH. The sample size was 60 selected through convenience sampling technique on the basis of criteria.

Result: The findings revealed that 30 (50%) had severe depression, 26 (43.34%) had moderate depression, and 2 (3.33%) had borderline clinical depression and extreme depression, respectively. The mean score of overall quality of life score among haemodialysis patients was 34.66 ± 7.16.

Conclusion: The analysis revealed that haemodialysis patients had severe to moderate depression, which in turn reduces the quality of life of the haemodialysis patients.

Objective: This retrospective research aimed to assess the clinical presentations and management strategies for "temporomandibular joint (TMJ)" disorders.

Methods: Medical records of patients diagnosed with TMJ disorders between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Data collected included demographic information, clinical symptoms, radiographic findings, treatment modalities, and treatment outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed to examine associations between variables and treatment outcomes.

Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the research, with a mean age of 42.5 years. The most common presenting symptoms were pain (80.0%), limited mouth opening (60.0%), and clicking/popping sounds (40.0%). Muscle tenderness (53.3%) and jaw deviation (20.0%) were also observed. Treatment modalities encompassed pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, occlusal splints, and surgical interventions. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between certain demographic characteristics and clinical presentations.

Conclusion: This research provides valuable insights into the clinical presentations and management strategies for TMJ disorders. Pain, limited mouth opening, clicking/popping sounds, muscle tenderness, and jaw deviation were among the common symptoms observed. A multi-disciplinary approach involving various healthcare professionals is essential to optimize patient outcomes and improve quality of life for individuals affected by TMJ disorders.

Objective: The intention of this longstanding study was to assess the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy as a complementary periodontal therapy method.

Methods: Fifty patients with periodontal disease were recruited and randomly randomized to receive either PBM therapy (n = 50) or traditional periodontal management (n = 50) as the control group. Periodontal parameters were measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months after management, including gingival index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. Statistical analysis was applied.

Results: At follow-up intervals, both the PBM management group and the control group showed significant improvements in periodontal markers. The PBM therapy group confirmed a higher degree of improvement than the control group, with statistically significant variations between the groups at 3 and 6 months post management (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In summary, PBM therapy outperforms traditional management techniques in terms of improving periodontal metrics. The incorporation of PBM therapy as an additional therapeutic method for the management of periodontal disease into clinical practice is supported by these findings. To improve management procedures and clarify the longstanding impacts of PBM therapy on periodontal tissue regeneration and clinical results, more investigation is necessary.

Social media has become an integrated part of daily life, with an estimated 3 billion social media users worldwide. The purpose of current study was to investigate to assess the impact of social media platforms on mental wellbeing among college student at selected college. A descriptive research design was used a study the Impact of social media Plat forms on mental wellbeing among college students. After obtaining the Institutional ethical approval, the investigator selected 300 samples by using randomized Sampling Technique. The samples who met the inclusion criteria were selected the study participants and obtained the written informed consent.

Introduction: Although PCOS affects reproductive health, its consequences on the outcome of pregnancies are still up for discussion. Comparing the pregnancy outcomes of women with PCOS to a control group was the goal of this retrospective research.

Methods: Analysis of data from tertiary care centers between 2017 and 2022 was done in retrospective. While the controls (n = 300) matched for age, BMI, and parity, the PCOS group (n = 300) satisfied Rotterdam criteria. Maternal-fetal health, birth outcomes, and gestational problems were evaluated.

Results: Compared to controls, women with PCOS had a greater incidence of preeclampsia (12.3% vs. 8.1%, P = 0.023) and gestational diabetes (18.7% vs. 9.8%, P < 0.001). On the other hand, there were no notable variations in low birth weight (P = 0.589) or preterm delivery (P = 0.321).

Conclusion: In summary, the correlation between PCOS and increased risks of gestational diabetes and preeclampsia emphasizes the necessity of customized therapies. The intricacy of PCOS's influence on birth outcomes is shown by the inconclusive results regarding preterm delivery and low birth weight, which call for more research to enhance mother and newborn health in this group.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the development of computer systems that can do tasks that normally require human intelligence. A number of dental specialties, including pediatric dentistry, now use AI and its subsets, machine learning, and deep learning. The evolution of AI in healthcare has been linked to the creation of AI applications meant to support medical professionals in diagnosing patients and choosing the best course of treatment. AI is the capability of robots to learn and use that information to carry out a range of cognitive tasks, including language processing, learning, reasoning, and making decisions-basically imitating human behavior. This review gives an overview of the numerous applications of AI that are beneficial to pediatric dentistry.

Background: The precise location of the anterior loop is of utmost importance during implant surgery to avoid any postoperative complications. The aim of the institution-based study was to determine the prevalence of the anterior loop with respect to age and gender in the northeast population.

Materials and methods: Sixty outpatients opting for implant prostheses in the interforaminal region of the mandible were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: The anterior loop was identified in 18.3% of the total subjects, and the mean length of the anterior loop was found to be 3.37 ± 0.53 mm. Planning for prosthetic-driven the implant placement was possible in 54.5% of the subjects.

Conclusions: Proper treatment planning using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with a radiographic stent is paramount important for the safe placement of implant in the presence of the anterior loop of the mental nerve.

Background: Periodontal bone grafting is a common procedure in dentistry to restore bone loss resulting from periodontal disease. Various graft materials are available, each with different antibacterial properties. Understanding these properties is crucial for successful grafting outcomes.

Materials and methods: In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the antibacterial properties of four commonly used periodontal bone graft materials: The graft used were A: Hydroxyapatite, B: B TCP, C: Bioactive glass, D: Calcium Phosphate materials. Each material was subjected to in vitro testing using a standardized bacterial culture assay. Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the zone of inhibition around each material after exposure to bacterial cultures.

Results: Material A exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with an average zone of inhibition of 12.3 mm, followed by Material C with 9.8 mm, Material D with 8.5 mm, and Material B with 6.2 mm. These arbitrary values reflect the relative efficacy of each material in inhibiting bacterial growth.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Material A possesses the strongest antibacterial properties among the tested periodontal bone graft materials. This may contribute to improved clinical outcomes in periodontal bone grafting procedures by reducing the risk of postoperative infections. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial effects of these materials and to validate our in vitro findings in clinical settings.