Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences最新文献

Aim: The research aimed to explore students' self-perceptions of their clinical work and identify challenges affecting their performance in restorative and endodontic treatments.

Materials and methods: The research was conducted among 157 dental students utilizing a self-designed, validated, closed-ended questionnaire.

Results: The questionnaire received responses from 157 participants, including 88 undergraduates (UGs) and 69 postgraduates (PGs). Of these, 64% reported experiencing pain during clinical procedures, while 36% (n = 72) did not report any pain. Although 71.5% of students were aware of ergonomic posture, 28.5% of students were not. Despite this awareness, 64.5% of students found it challenging to maintain proper ergonomic postures while performing clinical tasks.

Conclusion: Although most students know ergonomic postures, many struggle to maintain them during clinical procedures. Incorporating dental ergonomics into the curriculum is crucial to improving students' well-being and efficiency.

Background and objectives: Interocclusal recording materials should have high dimensional stability for accurate articulation. The aim of this in vitro investigation is to assess and compare the linear dimensional stability of interocclusal recording materials over time.

Methods: Polyvinylsiloxane, polyether, bisacryl and bite registration wax were used in the study. The test used a mold according to the American Dental Association (ADA) specification number 19. A total of 40 samples were collected, and each group consisted of 10 samples. The dimensional changes in the samples after 1, 24, 48, and 72 h were measured using an optical microscope equipped with a micrometer device.

Results: Each sample had five measurements taken at different times, and the mean of those readings was used to calculate the dimensional change and compare it to the initial measurement made on the die. ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test for repeated measurements were used to examine the data. The average percentage dimensional change over time 1) Group A: 1, 24, 48, and 72 h; 2) Group B: 1, 24, 48, 72 h; 3) Group C: 1, 24, 72 h; 4) Group D1, 24, 48, 72 h; and so on.

Interpretation and conclusion: Both material and temporal considerations impact on linear dimensional stability. The most dimensionally stable material was discovered to be polyvinylsiloxane, followed by polyether, bisacryl, and bite registration wax.

Aim: This study aims to analyze the fatigue resistance, surface mechanical properties, and biomechanical responsiveness of microtissue-engineered root dentin using cellulose nanofibers, hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, and walnut shell nanopowders.

Methodology: The objectives are to evaluate the differences in fatigue resistance and biomechanics and surface mechanical characteristics by infiltrating these nanomaterials into the root canal of endodontically treated teeth. Forty human permanent single-rooted teeth were collected with the patient's consent. Fatigue resistance was measured using cyclic loading, and surface roughness was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results: The results showed a fatigue resistance of 36.81 ± 4.58 MPa, attributed to the availability of calcium ions at 9%, the highest compared to other groups. Non-microtissue-engineered root dentin exhibited a stress resistance of 12.3 ± 3.1 MPa and a strain resistance of 4.1 ± 1.1 MPa. Walnut shell nanopowder (WNP) exhibited higher fatigue resistance than other groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Root dentin engineered with HaNPs showed a fatigue resistance of 36.81 ± 4.58 MPa and surface roughness of 4.2 ± 0.5 MPa, attributed to the availability of calcium ions at 9%, the highest compared to other groups. Non-microtissue-engineered root dentin exhibited a fatigue resistance of 12.3 ± 3.1 MPa, while microtissue-engineered root dentin showed 36.81 ± 4.58 MPa, which is three times higher.

Background: This study explores the link between a mother's dietary variety score and her prenatal eating patterns, focusing on the potential impact on her health and the likelihood of a low-birth-weight baby.

Methods: Mothers at the Ganga Medical Centre and Hospitals in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, were interviewed to measure bio-social variables, including pre-pregnancy weight, height, BMI, total weight gain, and birth weight. Low birth weight was the main measure of interest.

Results: The study found that 63.33% of neonates had a low birth weight, with 68% preterm and 32% late due to IUGR. 45% of mothers had a low BMI during pregnancy and pregnancies.

Conclusion: Nutrition programs should prioritize screening and treating at-risk women, reducing the low-birth-weight infant burden, and promoting better maternal protein intake to improve baby birth weight.

Introduction: Augmented reality (AR) refers to a group of technologies that capture, analyze, and superimpose digital information onto the real world. This information gives health care providers unique and useful perspectives that can enhance patient care.

Materials and methods: AR has been utilized in selected scenarios in health care for several decades, notably laparoscopic surgery and vein finding. In recent years, improved wireless technologies, computing power, and analytics are leading to rapid growth in the AR industry. Novel health care specific use cases are rapidly being introduced with the potential to widely affect clinical care, particularly in dermatology because of the visual nature of the field.

Results: In this article, we define AR, profile clinical and educational uses of AR in dermatology, and discuss key policy considerations for the safe and appropriate use of this emerging technology.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is described as an arterial oxygenation deficit caused by intrapulmonary vascular dilatations in the presence of chronic liver disease. This case series highlighted three HPS cases that were brought to the emergency unit of the institution. This helps clinicians evaluate and treat hepatopulmonary syndrome and emphasizes the involvement of interprofessional teamwork. There was also hypoxemia at the time of the hospitalization, and the bubble echocardiography revealed abnormalities consistent with intrapulmonary shunting, confirming HPS. HPS is an alarming consequence of cirrhosis which leads to dyspnea in individuals. Dyspneic patients with liver illness should have a simple workup for diagnosing it.

Background: Oral health is greatly impacted by visual impairment, which raises the possibility of dental treatment anxiety. Therefore, the goal of this research is to assess dental anxiety in children who are blind.

Aim and objectives of the study: The intention of the study was to raise awareness of oral health among visually impaired children and to use the RMS-tactile scale (TS) to measure their anxiety levels.

Materials and methods: In the current study, 50 students with impairment of vision were split into two groups for a randomized control trial. There were 25 children in each group. Group 1 received dental health instruction using Braille, while Group 2 received it via audio tactile performance (ATP) approach. Pre- and post-treatment anxiety levels were recorded using RMS-TS for both groups, and scores for the plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were also computed from baseline and three-month evaluations were conducted.

Results: We performed a statistical study using a paired t-test and a one-way ANOVA. In the evaluation of pre-anxiety level on RMS-TS, group 2 (ATP) had high significance, and the values for the GI (P < 0.032) and PI (P < 0.020) decreased statistically.

Conclusion: According to the present study, using a combination of audio and tactile models to explain dental procedures to visually impaired children can effectively reduce their anxiety.

Aim: Assessment of mast cells density expression in oral premalignant and malignant lesions by histochemical analysis.

Materials and methods: The study used a total of 120 tissue blocks that were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. These blocks consisted of 40 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 40 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia, and 40 cases of normal oral mucosa (NOM).

Results: In the current investigation, a comparison was made between toluidine blue stained sections of normal oral mucosa, oral epithelial dysplasia and OSCC. The resultant P value was determined to be statistically insignificant in all three categories, namely, oral epithelial dysplasia, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and normal oral mucosa. The resultant P values, calculated using an unpaired t-test, were shown to be extremely significant (P = 0.001).

Conclusion: Research indicates that mast cells could be a significant marker for increased angiogenesis, which in turn could be used to predict carcinogenesis, its progression, and the prognosis of malignant lesions.

Background: Dentistry, particularly pediatric dentistry, is highly stressful. Studies indicate that dental students experience significant stress during their training period. Our study aimed to evaluate the stress experienced by undergraduate students, and identify to aspects in which they become stressed, and design methods to overcome it.

Aim: Evaluation of stress among undergraduate students in Pediatric dental practice.

Methods: A Cross-sectional study survey was conducted among 254 participants. A self-designed study Questionnaire was used comprising 17 questions. A pilot study was also performed. Student's self-reported stress was recorded using a 5-point Likert stress scale, and stress level was calculated. Data were then statically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test, with a significant difference kept as ≤0.05.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 19-25 years. 29.5% were male and 70.5% were female participants. 35% final-year students, 34% compulsory rotatory residential internship (CRRI)'S, and 31% third-year students. 53% of female participants felt stressful than male participants.

Conclusions: This study reveals that students feel a considerable amount of stress while treating pediatric patients, which is highly subject to intervention to combat the stress.

Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of diseases or infirmity. Yajna means selfless sacrifices performed along with sacred sounds, the mantras. The procedure includes offering selected herbal and sacred materials to the fire to obtain an array of benefits such as air purification and release of therapeutic compounds (antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antidepression, and anticonvulsant) in the form of aerosol that enriches the atmosphere and soil. Microbial intrusions into the human system such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have proved their ability to hack the elements such as air, water, and earth to coerce humans' physical and mental status. Panic during COVID (coronavirus disease) pandemic did not decline despite advanced therapeutic approaches. Vaccinating the human and animals of the entire globe within a specific time may not be a practically viable approach; adopting an alternative strategy that holistically represses the viral outbreak at various levels will support the medical and government authorities. Pandemic-combatted ancestors developed traditional remedies with secret medicinal portions prescribed to perform as rituals. One of those rituals is Yajna. Yajna procedure controls microbial load at both the environmental and zoonotic levels. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the advantages of scientifically establishing a correlation between Yajna and its potential contribution to prevent pandemics like COVID. An online search explored the phytotherapeutics of Yajna and correlated with the noninvasive drug delivery.