Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences最新文献

Dadru is one of the Kapha-Pitta Pradhana Twak Vikara. It is a chronic disease in which Tridosha are involved so Rakta shodhak and Tridoshaghna along with Kushtaghna Chikitsa give better relief in Dadru. A 32-year-old male patient approached the outpatient department (OPD) of Mahatma Gandhi Ayurveda Hospital, Salod, Wardha, Maharashtra, with a chief complaint of round reddish patches over the axilla with severe Kandu (Itching), Daha (burning sensation), elevated circular lesions, and Raag (erythema). After 15 days of treatment, the patient got relief from all the symptoms by taking proper medicines like Gandhak Rasayan, Panchatikta ghrita, 777 oil, and fungiwin cream. Due to Kushtaghna and the immunity booster properties of drugs, the present case study revealed the efficacy of Ayurveda by Shaman Chikitsa for 15 days in managing Dadru.

A 26-year-old male complained of fever, right neck swelling, anorexia, and weight loss for 4 months. The patient noticed a right swelling in the root of the neck that progressed from 1 × 1 cm to 5 × 6 cm. We reported a Kikuchi-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) case. Three 3 × 3 cm lymph nodes were found in the right cervical area at IIB and III levels, firm, mobile, and nontender. Petechiae and purpura on the left upper limb, wet purpura on the palate, a positive Hess test, and temperature spikes were present. The patient is responding well to ALL treatment.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by ESKAPE pathogens are a significant concern in tertiary hospitals worldwide, including those in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to explore the bioactive compounds from Valeriana officinalis and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against ESKAPE pathogens.

Materials and methods: Methanolic extracts of the Valeriana officinalis stem were prepared and subjected to phytochemical analysis, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and antimicrobial testing using the well-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and cytotoxicity (MTT assay) were also evaluated.

Results: The extract contained several major phytochemicals with significant activity against ESKAPE pathogens. The MIC values were 50 mg/mL for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 100 mg/mL for Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, and 25 mg/mL for Escherichia coli. The MBC values were 25 mg/mL for Escherichia coli and 100 mg/mL for the other ESKAPE pathogens.

Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Valeriana officinalis L. demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity, with relatively low MIC and MBC values against ESKAPE pathogens responsible for HAIs.

Parasagittal and falcine meningiomas pose significant challenges to surgical removal due to their close proximity to the superior sagittal sinus and venous structures, posing high complications. The study evaluated the effectiveness of a microsurgical approach in reducing complication rates and achieving good tumor control in parasagittal and falcine meningiomas. A study involving 20 patients with parasagittal and falcine meningiomas underwent surgery at Madurai Medical College between January 2023 and December 2023. Preoperative imaging and meticulous planning were used to preserve critical venous structures and maximize safe tumor resection. Outcomes were assessed on complete resection rates, postoperative complications, and overall survival. Complete resection was achieved in 75% of cases, with a postoperative morbidity rate of 25%. Patients with tumors involving the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus faced higher risks of postoperative complications, emphasizing the importance of precise surgical navigation. The study found that a microsurgical approach, coupled with comprehensive preoperative assessment, significantly improved patient outcomes, reducing complications and enhancing survival rates. The study emphasizes the significance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing parasagittal and falcine meningiomas, emphasizing the need for advanced imaging techniques and microsurgical planning.

The treatment of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) continues to be a contentious issue in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Despite extensive research and systematic reviews, no definitive protocol or consensus has been established. This case series investigates how OKCs can be treated through a thorough approach combining preoperative investigation - fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) - to confirm the diagnosis of OKC, followed by treatment of the combined surgical approach of enucleation, peripheral ostectomy, and chemical cauterization using modified Carnoy's solution under local or general anesthesia. This study demonstrates how well this multimodal therapy method works in lowering the chances of recurrence and reaching the best results.

Context: Alveolar bone resorption poses a significant challenge in rehabilitating edentulous patients. Ridge augmentation materials can stimulate bone growth in deficient areas.

Aim: To evaluate the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of maxibloc bone grafts in rabbits.

Materials and methods: Maxibloc was packed into bony voids created surgically in the mandible and femur of rabbits, which were sacrificed at the fourth, eighth, and twelfth weeks. Radiography and histopathology evaluations assessed the osteoconductivity; hematology and toxicology evaluations assessed the biocompatibility of maxibloc.

Results: Radiography revealed bone formation and homogenization without osteolysis. Histopathology revealed new bone formation with osteoblasts, fibrous and collagen tissue, cartilage formation, and no foreign body reaction or inflammation. Hematology revealed stable hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, eosinophil count, and absence of leucocytosis. Toxicology revealed elevated mortality rates at higher doses, whereas lower doses were safe. Animals exhibited no signs of systemic toxicity or behavioral changes.

Conclusions: Maxibloc has demonstrated biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, presenting as a promising alloplastic bone graft.

Background: The indigenous tribes still exist in our Chennai, which found quite interesting for us to conduct a survey on the prevalence of malocclusion and facial symmetry. AIM: This study aims to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and facial symmetry in indigenous tribes: the narikurava. Setting and design: The study was a cross-sectional survey.

Material and methods: One hundred and twenty-one individuals participated in the study. The prevalence of malocclusion was assessed as normal occlusion, class 1, class 2 and class 3 occlusion, and facial symmetry was recorded along with facial aesthetic index.

Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics were calculated for all the variables recorded in our study, and chi-square test was done to find the association between the gender and facial aesthetic index.

Results: Among the indigenous tribes, 33.9% had normal occlusion, 31.4% had class 1 occlusion, 14.9% had class 2 div 1 occlusion, 9.1% had class 2 div 2 occlusion, and 10.7% had class 3 occlusion. Males had a higher percentage of normal occlusion than compared to females.

Conclusion: Even an infant wants to have a good smile which is aesthetic in nature; here, in the survey conducted more than 30% of individuals were having a normal occlusion, and only about 9% individuals were having class 2 division 2 which is least occlusion seen among the indigenous tribes.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing PIDDs in pediatric patients, analyzing imaging findings alongside clinical correlations.

Materials and method: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary referring center in Chennai, involving 34 pediatric patients (aged ≤18 years) referred with suspected or confirmed PIDDs. MRI evaluations, clinical assessments, and laboratory findings were utilized for diagnosis. Demographic data, MRI findings, and clinical symptoms were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: The study revealed a wide age distribution (mean age: 8.53 years), with males comprising 55.9% of participants. Acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was the most common clinical presentation, with supratentorial lesions being the predominant MRI finding. Overall, MRI demonstrated high sensitivity (82.1%) and specificity (79.3%) in diagnosing PIDDs.

Conclusion: MRI proved valuable in diagnosing pediatric inflammatory demyelinating disorders. Further research should address study limitations and explore longitudinal outcomes to enhance understanding and management of these complex neurological conditions.

Aim: This study aimed to assess dentists' perceptions and knowledge of plasma-rich protein and uses in rate of tooth movement.

Material and methods: This online survey, which is cross-sectional in nature, is being done among dental care providers. The 500 participants' self-administered questionnaires on PRP in orthodontic tooth mobility. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (V 22.0). The frequency distribution was calculated.

Results: The survey revealed that, 452 (90.4%) were aware of the PRP preparation process, and 400 (20%) were aware of the use of plasma-rich protein (PRP) to accelerate tooth movement. Regarding the primary PRP ingredients and the PRP procedure for quickening tooth movement in orthodontics, 66.4% had given the right responses. The majority of dentists were sufficiently knowledgeable about both invasive and non-invasive methods for quickening the movement of teeth.

Conclusion: The study's conclusions demonstrated that dental professionals were aware of the most recent developments in dental PRP application and its protocols, but additional research has to be done to educate everyone about these recent developments. Future experimental research on PRP in dental practices will be necessary in order to further develop our awareness of it.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dentists' attitudes and level of knowledge about dental stem cells.

Material and methods: Five hundred dentists from Tamil Nadu, India, took part in a cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire-based survey that assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices. For statistical analysis, percentages of the total and Pearson's Chi-square test were employed.

Results: Dental stem cells were considerably more familiar to participants with over 10 years of work experience. Of them, 93.2% are aware of the several uses for dental stem cells. A statistical test revealed a substantial relationship between the dental professionals' academic qualifications and the sources of information, dental stem cells, and the clinical applications.

Conclusion: The results of this current study demonstrated that dental professionals had an acceptable level of understanding, but there is still a need to raise awareness of the latest developments in dental stem cell applications, banking, storage, and guidelines.