Oral Oncology Reports最新文献

英文中文

Re-irradiation with concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714

Allen M. Chen , Jeremy P. Harris , Rupali Nabar , Tjoson Tjoa , Yarah Haidar , William B. Armstrong

Purpose

To report a single institutional experience with re-irradiation and concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Method and materials

A total of 16 patients were treated with external-beam re-irradiation to median dose of 66 Gy with concurrent pembrolizumab for histologically confirmed local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. All patients had measurable disease. Twelve (75 %) were male and four (25 %) were female. The median age at the time of recurrence was 56 years (range, 42–80 years). The median interval from completion of prior radiation to recurrent disease was 28 months (range, 6–50 months). Nine patients (56 %) were p16 positive; 7 patients (44 %) were p16 negative.

Results

With a median follow-up time of 20 months, the 1- and 2-year estimates of overall survival were 71 % and 56 %, respectively. Of the 16 patients who underwent re-irradiation, eleven (69 %) had a complete response and 3 (19 %) had a partial response. Two patients (13 %) had stable disease after re-irradiation, and none progressed during treatment. A total of 6 patients developed metastasis outside of the re-irradiated area. The 1- and 2-year estimates of progression-free survival were 61 % and 37 %, respectively. The prevalence of acute and late grade 3+ toxicity was 25 % and 19 %, respectively.

Conclusion

Re-irradiation with pembrolizumab for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is safe and potentially effective. A prospective study is under development to better identify who might benefit the most from this approach.

{"title":"Re-irradiation with concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck","authors":"Allen M. Chen , Jeremy P. Harris , Rupali Nabar , Tjoson Tjoa , Yarah Haidar , William B. Armstrong","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To report a single institutional experience with re-irradiation and concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.</div></div><div><h3>Method and materials</h3><div>A total of 16 patients were treated with external-beam re-irradiation to median dose of 66 Gy with concurrent pembrolizumab for histologically confirmed local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. All patients had measurable disease. Twelve (75 %) were male and four (25 %) were female. The median age at the time of recurrence was 56 years (range, 42–80 years). The median interval from completion of prior radiation to recurrent disease was 28 months (range, 6–50 months). Nine patients (56 %) were p16 positive; 7 patients (44 %) were p16 negative.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>With a median follow-up time of 20 months, the 1- and 2-year estimates of overall survival were 71 % and 56 %, respectively. Of the 16 patients who underwent re-irradiation, eleven (69 %) had a complete response and 3 (19 %) had a partial response. Two patients (13 %) had stable disease after re-irradiation, and none progressed during treatment. A total of 6 patients developed metastasis outside of the re-irradiated area. The 1- and 2-year estimates of progression-free survival were 61 % and 37 %, respectively. The prevalence of acute and late grade 3+ toxicity was 25 % and 19 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Re-irradiation with pembrolizumab for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is safe and potentially effective. A prospective study is under development to better identify who might benefit the most from this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pro-inflammatory mediator and cancer-associated chemokine CXCL8 as a prognostic indicator of tumor aggressiveness, angiogenesis, and disease progression with focus on therapeutic implications and recurrence monitoring 前炎症介质和癌症相关趋化因子 CXCL8 作为肿瘤侵袭性、血管生成和疾病进展的预后指标，重点关注治疗意义和复发监测

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100723

Hema Shree K , Gayathri R , Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan , Selvaraj J , Pratibha Ramani

Background

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation within the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in OSCC progression, with CXCL8 or interleukin-8 (IL-8) emerging as a significant cytokine implicated in various pro-tumorigenic processes. IL-8 promotes angiogenesis, immune evasion, and cancer cell stemness, contributing to tumor aggression and resistance to therapy. Understanding longitudinal changes in IL-8 expression provides insights into OSCC progression and treatment responses, potentially guiding personalized therapeutic strategies.

Objectives

To investigate longitudinal trends in IL-8 expression among OSCC patients. To assess correlations between IL-8 levels and disease progression, treatment outcomes, and patient survival. To evaluate IL-8's prognostic value as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Methods

A prospective longitudinal study enrolled 75 OSCC patients divided into pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up groups. Saliva samples were collected, and IL-8 expression levels were quantified using RT-PCR and ELISA. Temporal trends in IL-8 expression and associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

Results

Significant elevation of IL-8 levels was observed in OSCC patients compared to controls. IL-8 levels decreased post-treatment but remained elevated compared to controls, with higher levels correlating with advanced tumor stages and poorer differentiation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated reduced survival probabilities in patients with persistently high IL-8 expression.

Conclusions

Longitudinal monitoring of IL-8 expression offers valuable insights into OSCC pathogenesis and treatment response. IL-8's role as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target warrants further exploration to enhance disease management and patient outcomes.

{"title":"Pro-inflammatory mediator and cancer-associated chemokine CXCL8 as a prognostic indicator of tumor aggressiveness, angiogenesis, and disease progression with focus on therapeutic implications and recurrence monitoring","authors":"Hema Shree K , Gayathri R , Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan , Selvaraj J , Pratibha Ramani","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation within the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in OSCC progression, with CXCL8 or interleukin-8 (IL-8) emerging as a significant cytokine implicated in various pro-tumorigenic processes. IL-8 promotes angiogenesis, immune evasion, and cancer cell stemness, contributing to tumor aggression and resistance to therapy. Understanding longitudinal changes in IL-8 expression provides insights into OSCC progression and treatment responses, potentially guiding personalized therapeutic strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate longitudinal trends in IL-8 expression among OSCC patients. To assess correlations between IL-8 levels and disease progression, treatment outcomes, and patient survival. To evaluate IL-8's prognostic value as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective longitudinal study enrolled 75 OSCC patients divided into pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up groups. Saliva samples were collected, and IL-8 expression levels were quantified using RT-PCR and ELISA. Temporal trends in IL-8 expression and associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant elevation of IL-8 levels was observed in OSCC patients compared to controls. IL-8 levels decreased post-treatment but remained elevated compared to controls, with higher levels correlating with advanced tumor stages and poorer differentiation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated reduced survival probabilities in patients with persistently high IL-8 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Longitudinal monitoring of IL-8 expression offers valuable insights into OSCC pathogenesis and treatment response. IL-8's role as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target warrants further exploration to enhance disease management and patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiological and clinical differential diagnostics of CPPD in the temporomandibular joint extending into the cranium: Insights from the literature and a rare clinical case

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100716

Anne-Laure Vandevelde , Maarten Verbist , Jonas Ver Berne , Joris Geusens , Steven De Vleeschouwer , Reinhilde Jacobs , Robin Willaert , Michel Bila

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare but occasionally appears locally destructive. Various radiological techniques are available for differential diagnosis. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with long-standing, painful, unilateral TMJ swelling. Radiological imaging showed a mass with calcifications, erosion of the articular roof and invasion of the middle cranial fossa. Differential diagnoses included CPPD, tenosynovial giant cell tumor, synovial chondromatosis, chondrosarcoma, and osteochondroma. A biopsy confirmed CPPD, followed by resection of the lesion and immediate TMJ reconstruction with a patient-specific prosthesis. Benign and malignant TMJ lesions extending into the cranium are uncommon and their radiological differentiation remains challenging. Therefore, we performed a scoping review focusing on TMJ imaging allowing differential diagnosis of CPPD.

{"title":"Radiological and clinical differential diagnostics of CPPD in the temporomandibular joint extending into the cranium: Insights from the literature and a rare clinical case","authors":"Anne-Laure Vandevelde , Maarten Verbist , Jonas Ver Berne , Joris Geusens , Steven De Vleeschouwer , Reinhilde Jacobs , Robin Willaert , Michel Bila","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare but occasionally appears locally destructive. Various radiological techniques are available for differential diagnosis. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with long-standing, painful, unilateral TMJ swelling. Radiological imaging showed a mass with calcifications, erosion of the articular roof and invasion of the middle cranial fossa. Differential diagnoses included CPPD, tenosynovial giant cell tumor, synovial chondromatosis, chondrosarcoma, and osteochondroma. A biopsy confirmed CPPD, followed by resection of the lesion and immediate TMJ reconstruction with a patient-specific prosthesis. Benign and malignant TMJ lesions extending into the cranium are uncommon and their radiological differentiation remains challenging. Therefore, we performed a scoping review focusing on TMJ imaging allowing differential diagnosis of CPPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue complicated by verrucous carcinoma

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100719

Yusuke Matsuzaki, Daiki Saito, Saimon Yasuhara, Yukio Watabe, Shiro Shigematsu

We report herein a highly unusual case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma (SCSCC), a rare form of oral cancer, co-occurring with verrucous carcinoma. The patient, a 57-year-old male, presented with a tongue lesion with macroscopic features resembling those of a cancerous ulcer and verrucous carcinoma. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis of the lesion as SCSCC. The lesion was treated with a surgical resection and chemotherapy. The present case underscores the importance of bearing the possibility of spindle cell carcinoma in mind when assessing a tongue lesion which was initially diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma.

引用次数: 0

Expression pattern of lncRNA H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues in comparison to normal tissues. A systematic review

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720

Ramya Sekar , Selvaraj Jayaraman , Saranya Varadarajan , Thodur Madapusi Balaji , Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan , Prabhu Shankar Dayasankar , Dharshini Devi J

Background

With a high mortality rate, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accounts for more than 90 % of all mouth cancers and is a major global health concern. The necessity for trustworthy biomarkers is highlighted by the fact that early diagnosis and prognosis are still difficult despite advancements. A key factor in cancer biology, the long non-coding RNA H19 was first discovered for its function in embryogenesis. H19, reactivated in cancers, interacts with microRNAs and signaling pathways such as p53 and PI3K/AKT to affect tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Nevertheless, its expression patterns in OSCC in contrast to healthy tissues remain unclear. The evidence currently available about H19's expression in OSCC is assessed in this review.

Methods

The keywords H19 or lncRNA H19 or long non-coding RNA H19″ AND “oral cancer or oral squamous cell carcinoma or tongue squamous cell carcinoma or OSCC” were used to search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Clinical Key on 9th December 2024. In addition, the authors manually scanned the reference lists of the included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search to ensure literature saturation. Following the exclusion of duplicates and irrelevant articles, full-text screening of the remaining articles was done to select the articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Risk of Bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS).

Results

Of 95 articles obtained (55 from PubMed, 19 from Scopus, 20 from Clinical Key, and 1 from cross-reference), 56 duplicates or irrelevant articles were eliminated. Of the 39 articles, only eight were selected after the full-text screening of nine articles based on eligibility criteria. All the articles reported a low risk of bias and all the studies reported a change in the expression pattern of H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to the control.

Conclusion

Despite some variability in the direction of changes in H19 expression, most studies have shown its dysregulation in OSCC tissues, highlighting its significance in the pathogenesis of OSCC.

{"title":"Expression pattern of lncRNA H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues in comparison to normal tissues. A systematic review","authors":"Ramya Sekar , Selvaraj Jayaraman , Saranya Varadarajan , Thodur Madapusi Balaji , Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan , Prabhu Shankar Dayasankar , Dharshini Devi J","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With a high mortality rate, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accounts for more than 90 % of all mouth cancers and is a major global health concern. The necessity for trustworthy biomarkers is highlighted by the fact that early diagnosis and prognosis are still difficult despite advancements. A key factor in cancer biology, the long non-coding RNA H19 was first discovered for its function in embryogenesis. H19, reactivated in cancers, interacts with microRNAs and signaling pathways such as p53 and PI3K/AKT to affect tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Nevertheless, its expression patterns in OSCC in contrast to healthy tissues remain unclear. The evidence currently available about H19's expression in OSCC is assessed in this review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The keywords H19 or lncRNA H19 or long non-coding RNA H19″ AND “oral cancer or oral squamous cell carcinoma or tongue squamous cell carcinoma or OSCC” were used to search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Clinical Key on 9th December 2024. In addition, the authors manually scanned the reference lists of the included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search to ensure literature saturation. Following the exclusion of duplicates and irrelevant articles, full-text screening of the remaining articles was done to select the articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Risk of Bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 95 articles obtained (55 from PubMed, 19 from Scopus, 20 from Clinical Key, and 1 from cross-reference), 56 duplicates or irrelevant articles were eliminated. Of the 39 articles, only eight were selected after the full-text screening of nine articles based on eligibility criteria. All the articles reported a low risk of bias and all the studies reported a change in the expression pattern of H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to the control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite some variability in the direction of changes in H19 expression, most studies have shown its dysregulation in OSCC tissues, highlighting its significance in the pathogenesis of OSCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Value of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): An immunohistochemical approach to tumor stroma categorization and clinicopathological parameters

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718

Heba E.M. Youssef , Basant Hamdy AbouZaid

Objectives

The aggressive behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not only a cancer-cell centered issue, but also affected by tumor stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant component of tumor stroma that can direct tumorigenesis. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by stromal CAFs is linked to higher aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognosis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the main enzymes producing the free radical, nitric oxide in response to various stimuli. Its increased expression revealed several pro-tumorigenic effects. This study was undertaken to address the expression of α-SMA and iNOS in OSCC in relation to tumor stroma type and degree of tumor cell differentiation.

Methodology

Thirty-two archival specimens of OSCC were stained immunohistochemically with anti-α-SMA and anti-iNOS. Stromal categorization was performed according to the ratio between α-SMA positive areas and the density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The immunohistochemical score of iNOS was evaluated semi-quantitatively. Finally, correlations between stroma category, iNOS expression and different clinicopathological parameters were performed.

Results

Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between advanced histopathologic grade and the higher stromal category (P = 0.02). Additionally, increased stroma category was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.001) and nodal involvement (P = 0.05). Likewise, iNOS expression was significantly correlated with worsened histopathological grade (P = 0.008) and clinical stage of tumors (P = 0.01).

Conclusions

Combining the assessment of stroma category and iNOS expression offers a more comprehensive tumor microenvironment profile in OSCC, surpassing single-parameter approaches focused solely on tumor or stromal characteristics.

{"title":"Value of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): An immunohistochemical approach to tumor stroma categorization and clinicopathological parameters","authors":"Heba E.M. Youssef , Basant Hamdy AbouZaid","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aggressive behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not only a cancer-cell centered issue, but also affected by tumor stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant component of tumor stroma that can direct tumorigenesis. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by stromal CAFs is linked to higher aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognosis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the main enzymes producing the free radical, nitric oxide in response to various stimuli. Its increased expression revealed several pro-tumorigenic effects. This study was undertaken to address the expression of α-SMA and iNOS in OSCC in relation to tumor stroma type and degree of tumor cell differentiation.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Thirty-two archival specimens of OSCC were stained immunohistochemically with <em>anti</em>-α-SMA and <em>anti</em>-iNOS. Stromal categorization was performed according to the ratio between α-SMA positive areas and the density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The immunohistochemical score of iNOS was evaluated semi-quantitatively. Finally, correlations between stroma category, iNOS expression and different clinicopathological parameters were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between advanced histopathologic grade and the higher stromal category (P = 0.02). Additionally, increased stroma category was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.001) and nodal involvement (P = 0.05). Likewise, iNOS expression was significantly correlated with worsened histopathological grade (P = 0.008) and clinical stage of tumors (P = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Combining the assessment of stroma category and iNOS expression offers a more comprehensive tumor microenvironment profile in OSCC, surpassing single-parameter approaches focused solely on tumor or stromal characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of probiotics on oral cancer: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic strategies

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100715

K.S. Lekshmi Priya, Datchanamoorthy Maheswary, Sujith Sri Surya Ravi, Kakithakara Vajravelu Leela, Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari, G. Malavika

Oral cancer, especially oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), represents a major global health concern, with its notable increase in incidence, especially among younger populations. The disease is multifactorial, with risk factors including tobacco and alcohol use, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis of the oral microbiome. Probiotics, which are live microorganisms that provide health benefits, have gained attention as a potential approach for modulating the oral microbiome and reducing the risk of oral cancer. This review examines the mechanisms through which probiotics demonstrate anticancer properties, such as binding to and breaking down mutagenic substances, reducing gut pH via the production of short-chain fatty acids, and strengthening the immune response of the host. Specific probiotic strains, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, have demonstrated potential in managing oral cancer and its treatment-related complications, such as oral mucositis. Clinical trials suggest that probiotics could act as valuable complementary agents to conventional cancer treatments, enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. Despite the promising findings, challenges remain in standardizing probiotic formulations and understanding strain-specific effects. Future research should focus on personalized probiotic therapies and innovative delivery systems to enhance their efficacy in oral cancer management. This narrative review emphasizes the potential of probiotics in the prevention and management of oral cancer, showcasing their contribution to oral health and their utility as biomarkers for early diagnosis.

{"title":"The impact of probiotics on oral cancer: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic strategies","authors":"K.S. Lekshmi Priya, Datchanamoorthy Maheswary, Sujith Sri Surya Ravi, Kakithakara Vajravelu Leela, Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari, G. Malavika","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral cancer, especially oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), represents a major global health concern, with its notable increase in incidence, especially among younger populations. The disease is multifactorial, with risk factors including tobacco and alcohol use, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis of the oral microbiome. Probiotics, which are live microorganisms that provide health benefits, have gained attention as a potential approach for modulating the oral microbiome and reducing the risk of oral cancer. This review examines the mechanisms through which probiotics demonstrate anticancer properties, such as binding to and breaking down mutagenic substances, reducing gut pH via the production of short-chain fatty acids, and strengthening the immune response of the host. Specific probiotic strains, such as <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, have demonstrated potential in managing oral cancer and its treatment-related complications, such as oral mucositis. Clinical trials suggest that probiotics could act as valuable complementary agents to conventional cancer treatments, enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. Despite the promising findings, challenges remain in standardizing probiotic formulations and understanding strain-specific effects. Future research should focus on personalized probiotic therapies and innovative delivery systems to enhance their efficacy in oral cancer management. This narrative review emphasizes the potential of probiotics in the prevention and management of oral cancer, showcasing their contribution to oral health and their utility as biomarkers for early diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early-stage oral cavity cancer (T1N0) with lymphatic drainage to the retropharyngeal lymph node: A therapeutic challenge

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100713

Simon E. Thurnheer , Martin W. Huellner , Deniz Kasikci , Grégoire B. Morand

We report a case of a 54-year-old patient diagnosed with T1N0M0 oral squamous cell cancer located at the right maxillary tuberosity. The treatment plan included wide local excision with partial maxillectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Preoperative single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) revealed lymphatic drainage to a single ipsilateral retropharyngeal lymph node (Rouvière's node/level VIIa). Due to the poor surgical accessibility of this lymph node, the decision was made to proceed with the tumor resection without sentinel lymph node excision, focusing instead on assessing the tumor's depth of infiltration to estimate the risk of metastasis. Histopathological analysis of the specimen confirmed clear margins with 2mm depth of infiltration. Consequently, the patient was placed under observation. This case represents the first reported instance of sentinel lymph node drainage to Rouvière's node in early oral squamous cell carcinoma, presenting a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

引用次数: 0

Oligometastatic squamous cell carcinoma treated with and without involved site radiation

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2024.100707

Allen M. Chen

Purpose

Comprising a heterogenous population, the optimal management of oligometastatic head and neck cancer is uncertain. We sought to report outcomes among patients treated with and without stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to local sites of disease.

Methods and materials

A review of institutional registries identified 49 patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck limited to 5 sites of disease or less. Patients with intact disease at primary local-regional sites; those treated by palliative radiation; and those who had previously received first-line systemic therapy were excluded.

Results

A total of 20 patients met eligibility criteria. Treatment included systemic therapy alone (10 patients) and systemic therapy with SBRT (10 patients). The median progression-free survival was 11 months and 6 months, respectively (p = 0.09). The 2-year overall survival was 29 % and 15 % for patients treated by SBRT and systemic therapy compared to systemic therapy alone, respectively (p = 0.21). There were no differences in the development of grade 3+ toxicity between the 2 groups, with the incidence of grade 3+ toxicity being 20 % and 30 % for patients treated with and without SBRT, respectively (p = 0.61).

Conclusion

Local SBRT was associated with trends in improved progression-free survival among patients with oligometastatic head and neck cancer. Prospective studies with larger datasets are warranted to further evaluate the role of this modality in this setting.

{"title":"Oligometastatic squamous cell carcinoma treated with and without involved site radiation","authors":"Allen M. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Comprising a heterogenous population, the optimal management of oligometastatic head and neck cancer is uncertain. We sought to report outcomes among patients treated with and without stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to local sites of disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>A review of institutional registries identified 49 patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck limited to 5 sites of disease or less. Patients with intact disease at primary local-regional sites; those treated by palliative radiation; and those who had previously received first-line systemic therapy were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 20 patients met eligibility criteria. Treatment included systemic therapy alone (10 patients) and systemic therapy with SBRT (10 patients). The median progression-free survival was 11 months and 6 months, respectively (p = 0.09). The 2-year overall survival was 29 % and 15 % for patients treated by SBRT and systemic therapy compared to systemic therapy alone, respectively (p = 0.21). There were no differences in the development of grade 3+ toxicity between the 2 groups, with the incidence of grade 3+ toxicity being 20 % and 30 % for patients treated with and without SBRT, respectively (p = 0.61).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Local SBRT was associated with trends in improved progression-free survival among patients with oligometastatic head and neck cancer. Prospective studies with larger datasets are warranted to further evaluate the role of this modality in this setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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In response to Fiorillo: Agreeing on the need to rethink the demonization of AI writing tools such as ChatGPT

Oral Oncology Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2024.100712

Dag Øivind Madsen, Shahab Saquib Sohail

引用次数: 0

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