Pub Date : 2025-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100725
M.S. Ruban, L.V. Bolotina
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with high mortality and poses a significant public health challenge. Platinum-based chemotherapy is a primary treatment modality; however, the median survival for patients experiencing recurrence within six months of platinum-based therapy is no more than six months. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, have revolutionized the treatment of platinum-refractory HNSCC since their FDA approval in 2016. This case report highlights the successful use of nivolumab in a patient with platinum-refractory, unresectable HNSCC, achieving long-term survival of over six years. The patient demonstrated a significant tumor reduction and stabilization of disease, followed by successful surgical management of recurrent lymph node growth. This case underscores the potential for durable responses with nivolumab, even in the absence of PD-L1 testing, and highlights the integration of immunotherapy with surgery as a personalized treatment strategy. The findings contribute to the growing body of real-world evidence supporting the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in platinum-refractory HNSCC.
{"title":"Nivolumab in platinum-refractory unresectable locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A case report and literature review","authors":"M.S. Ruban, L.V. Bolotina","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with high mortality and poses a significant public health challenge. Platinum-based chemotherapy is a primary treatment modality; however, the median survival for patients experiencing recurrence within six months of platinum-based therapy is no more than six months. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, have revolutionized the treatment of platinum-refractory HNSCC since their FDA approval in 2016. This case report highlights the successful use of nivolumab in a patient with platinum-refractory, unresectable HNSCC, achieving long-term survival of over six years. The patient demonstrated a significant tumor reduction and stabilization of disease, followed by successful surgical management of recurrent lymph node growth. This case underscores the potential for durable responses with nivolumab, even in the absence of PD-L1 testing, and highlights the integration of immunotherapy with surgery as a personalized treatment strategy. The findings contribute to the growing body of real-world evidence supporting the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in platinum-refractory HNSCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100724
Michel Souza Sueira , Juliana Borges de Lima Dantas , Gabriela Botelho Martins , Daniela Maria Santana Leal , Juliana Santos de Jesus Azevedo , Manoela Carrera
In the context of cancer treatment, surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are among the main therapies used. However, emerging therapies are gaining prominence. The use of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, even though they are based on improving the immune system's response, are associated with the prevalence of certain toxicities, some of them in the oral cavity. The aim of this review was to describe the main oral toxicities associated with immunotherapy and targeted therapy. It was observed that there is a prevalence of xerostomia, dysgeusia, lichenoid reactions, stomatitis, among others, which have a direct impact on patients' quality of life. Although these oral manifestations present a low risk of mortality, proper diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to promote clinical comfort for the patient during the therapeutic period.
{"title":"Oral toxicities associated with immunotherapy and targeted therapy in cancer treatment","authors":"Michel Souza Sueira , Juliana Borges de Lima Dantas , Gabriela Botelho Martins , Daniela Maria Santana Leal , Juliana Santos de Jesus Azevedo , Manoela Carrera","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of cancer treatment, surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are among the main therapies used. However, emerging therapies are gaining prominence. The use of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, even though they are based on improving the immune system's response, are associated with the prevalence of certain toxicities, some of them in the oral cavity. The aim of this review was to describe the main oral toxicities associated with immunotherapy and targeted therapy. It was observed that there is a prevalence of xerostomia, dysgeusia, lichenoid reactions, stomatitis, among others, which have a direct impact on patients' quality of life. Although these oral manifestations present a low risk of mortality, proper diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to promote clinical comfort for the patient during the therapeutic period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100721
John Lennon Silva Cunha, José Igor de Lima Pinto
{"title":"In reply to Promoting oral cancer awareness in LGBTQ+ communities – Diversity in oral health","authors":"John Lennon Silva Cunha, José Igor de Lima Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100721","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100717
Yubin Wu , Ying Piao , Zhongming Wang , Jiehua Wang , Shihai Wu
Background
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary glands, accounting for approximately one-third of all salivary gland tumors. Based on the proportion of epidermoid and mucous cells, MEC is classified into three grades. High-grade MEC, an extremely rare malignancy, has a higher proportion of epidermoid cells and a poorer prognosis. Currently, there has been no standard treatment for patients with positive surgical margins after parotidectomy.
Case description
This case report describes the successful treatment of a patient with high-grade parotid MEC and positive surgical margins using toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy, who achieved complete response one month after the completion of treatment.
Conclusion
We report a case in which a patient with locally advanced high-grade parotid MEC with R2 resection achieved a complete response after postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy combined with toripalimab and cetuximab.
{"title":"Effect of toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy on patient with locally advanced high-grade parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma","authors":"Yubin Wu , Ying Piao , Zhongming Wang , Jiehua Wang , Shihai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary glands, accounting for approximately one-third of all salivary gland tumors. Based on the proportion of epidermoid and mucous cells, MEC is classified into three grades. High-grade MEC, an extremely rare malignancy, has a higher proportion of epidermoid cells and a poorer prognosis. Currently, there has been no standard treatment for patients with positive surgical margins after parotidectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>This case report describes the successful treatment of a patient with high-grade parotid MEC and positive surgical margins using toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy, who achieved complete response one month after the completion of treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We report a case in which a patient with locally advanced high-grade parotid MEC with R2 resection achieved a complete response after postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy combined with toripalimab and cetuximab.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714
Allen M. Chen , Jeremy P. Harris , Rupali Nabar , Tjoson Tjoa , Yarah Haidar , William B. Armstrong
Purpose
To report a single institutional experience with re-irradiation and concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Method and materials
A total of 16 patients were treated with external-beam re-irradiation to median dose of 66 Gy with concurrent pembrolizumab for histologically confirmed local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. All patients had measurable disease. Twelve (75 %) were male and four (25 %) were female. The median age at the time of recurrence was 56 years (range, 42–80 years). The median interval from completion of prior radiation to recurrent disease was 28 months (range, 6–50 months). Nine patients (56 %) were p16 positive; 7 patients (44 %) were p16 negative.
Results
With a median follow-up time of 20 months, the 1- and 2-year estimates of overall survival were 71 % and 56 %, respectively. Of the 16 patients who underwent re-irradiation, eleven (69 %) had a complete response and 3 (19 %) had a partial response. Two patients (13 %) had stable disease after re-irradiation, and none progressed during treatment. A total of 6 patients developed metastasis outside of the re-irradiated area. The 1- and 2-year estimates of progression-free survival were 61 % and 37 %, respectively. The prevalence of acute and late grade 3+ toxicity was 25 % and 19 %, respectively.
Conclusion
Re-irradiation with pembrolizumab for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is safe and potentially effective. A prospective study is under development to better identify who might benefit the most from this approach.
{"title":"Re-irradiation with concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck","authors":"Allen M. Chen , Jeremy P. Harris , Rupali Nabar , Tjoson Tjoa , Yarah Haidar , William B. Armstrong","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To report a single institutional experience with re-irradiation and concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.</div></div><div><h3>Method and materials</h3><div>A total of 16 patients were treated with external-beam re-irradiation to median dose of 66 Gy with concurrent pembrolizumab for histologically confirmed local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. All patients had measurable disease. Twelve (75 %) were male and four (25 %) were female. The median age at the time of recurrence was 56 years (range, 42–80 years). The median interval from completion of prior radiation to recurrent disease was 28 months (range, 6–50 months). Nine patients (56 %) were p16 positive; 7 patients (44 %) were p16 negative.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>With a median follow-up time of 20 months, the 1- and 2-year estimates of overall survival were 71 % and 56 %, respectively. Of the 16 patients who underwent re-irradiation, eleven (69 %) had a complete response and 3 (19 %) had a partial response. Two patients (13 %) had stable disease after re-irradiation, and none progressed during treatment. A total of 6 patients developed metastasis outside of the re-irradiated area. The 1- and 2-year estimates of progression-free survival were 61 % and 37 %, respectively. The prevalence of acute and late grade 3+ toxicity was 25 % and 19 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Re-irradiation with pembrolizumab for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is safe and potentially effective. A prospective study is under development to better identify who might benefit the most from this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100723
Hema Shree K , Gayathri R , Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan , Selvaraj J , Pratibha Ramani
Background
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation within the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in OSCC progression, with CXCL8 or interleukin-8 (IL-8) emerging as a significant cytokine implicated in various pro-tumorigenic processes. IL-8 promotes angiogenesis, immune evasion, and cancer cell stemness, contributing to tumor aggression and resistance to therapy. Understanding longitudinal changes in IL-8 expression provides insights into OSCC progression and treatment responses, potentially guiding personalized therapeutic strategies.
Objectives
To investigate longitudinal trends in IL-8 expression among OSCC patients. To assess correlations between IL-8 levels and disease progression, treatment outcomes, and patient survival. To evaluate IL-8's prognostic value as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal study enrolled 75 OSCC patients divided into pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up groups. Saliva samples were collected, and IL-8 expression levels were quantified using RT-PCR and ELISA. Temporal trends in IL-8 expression and associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
Results
Significant elevation of IL-8 levels was observed in OSCC patients compared to controls. IL-8 levels decreased post-treatment but remained elevated compared to controls, with higher levels correlating with advanced tumor stages and poorer differentiation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated reduced survival probabilities in patients with persistently high IL-8 expression.
Conclusions
Longitudinal monitoring of IL-8 expression offers valuable insights into OSCC pathogenesis and treatment response. IL-8's role as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target warrants further exploration to enhance disease management and patient outcomes.
{"title":"Pro-inflammatory mediator and cancer-associated chemokine CXCL8 as a prognostic indicator of tumor aggressiveness, angiogenesis, and disease progression with focus on therapeutic implications and recurrence monitoring","authors":"Hema Shree K , Gayathri R , Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan , Selvaraj J , Pratibha Ramani","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation within the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in OSCC progression, with CXCL8 or interleukin-8 (IL-8) emerging as a significant cytokine implicated in various pro-tumorigenic processes. IL-8 promotes angiogenesis, immune evasion, and cancer cell stemness, contributing to tumor aggression and resistance to therapy. Understanding longitudinal changes in IL-8 expression provides insights into OSCC progression and treatment responses, potentially guiding personalized therapeutic strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate longitudinal trends in IL-8 expression among OSCC patients. To assess correlations between IL-8 levels and disease progression, treatment outcomes, and patient survival. To evaluate IL-8's prognostic value as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective longitudinal study enrolled 75 OSCC patients divided into pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up groups. Saliva samples were collected, and IL-8 expression levels were quantified using RT-PCR and ELISA. Temporal trends in IL-8 expression and associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant elevation of IL-8 levels was observed in OSCC patients compared to controls. IL-8 levels decreased post-treatment but remained elevated compared to controls, with higher levels correlating with advanced tumor stages and poorer differentiation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated reduced survival probabilities in patients with persistently high IL-8 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Longitudinal monitoring of IL-8 expression offers valuable insights into OSCC pathogenesis and treatment response. IL-8's role as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target warrants further exploration to enhance disease management and patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100716
Anne-Laure Vandevelde , Maarten Verbist , Jonas Ver Berne , Joris Geusens , Steven De Vleeschouwer , Reinhilde Jacobs , Robin Willaert , Michel Bila
Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare but occasionally appears locally destructive. Various radiological techniques are available for differential diagnosis. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with long-standing, painful, unilateral TMJ swelling. Radiological imaging showed a mass with calcifications, erosion of the articular roof and invasion of the middle cranial fossa. Differential diagnoses included CPPD, tenosynovial giant cell tumor, synovial chondromatosis, chondrosarcoma, and osteochondroma. A biopsy confirmed CPPD, followed by resection of the lesion and immediate TMJ reconstruction with a patient-specific prosthesis. Benign and malignant TMJ lesions extending into the cranium are uncommon and their radiological differentiation remains challenging. Therefore, we performed a scoping review focusing on TMJ imaging allowing differential diagnosis of CPPD.
{"title":"Radiological and clinical differential diagnostics of CPPD in the temporomandibular joint extending into the cranium: Insights from the literature and a rare clinical case","authors":"Anne-Laure Vandevelde , Maarten Verbist , Jonas Ver Berne , Joris Geusens , Steven De Vleeschouwer , Reinhilde Jacobs , Robin Willaert , Michel Bila","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare but occasionally appears locally destructive. Various radiological techniques are available for differential diagnosis. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with long-standing, painful, unilateral TMJ swelling. Radiological imaging showed a mass with calcifications, erosion of the articular roof and invasion of the middle cranial fossa. Differential diagnoses included CPPD, tenosynovial giant cell tumor, synovial chondromatosis, chondrosarcoma, and osteochondroma. A biopsy confirmed CPPD, followed by resection of the lesion and immediate TMJ reconstruction with a patient-specific prosthesis. Benign and malignant TMJ lesions extending into the cranium are uncommon and their radiological differentiation remains challenging. Therefore, we performed a scoping review focusing on TMJ imaging allowing differential diagnosis of CPPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report herein a highly unusual case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma (SCSCC), a rare form of oral cancer, co-occurring with verrucous carcinoma. The patient, a 57-year-old male, presented with a tongue lesion with macroscopic features resembling those of a cancerous ulcer and verrucous carcinoma. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis of the lesion as SCSCC. The lesion was treated with a surgical resection and chemotherapy. The present case underscores the importance of bearing the possibility of spindle cell carcinoma in mind when assessing a tongue lesion which was initially diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma.
{"title":"A case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue complicated by verrucous carcinoma","authors":"Yusuke Matsuzaki, Daiki Saito, Saimon Yasuhara, Yukio Watabe, Shiro Shigematsu","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report herein a highly unusual case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma (SCSCC), a rare form of oral cancer, co-occurring with verrucous carcinoma. The patient, a 57-year-old male, presented with a tongue lesion with macroscopic features resembling those of a cancerous ulcer and verrucous carcinoma. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis of the lesion as SCSCC. The lesion was treated with a surgical resection and chemotherapy. The present case underscores the importance of bearing the possibility of spindle cell carcinoma in mind when assessing a tongue lesion which was initially diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With a high mortality rate, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accounts for more than 90 % of all mouth cancers and is a major global health concern. The necessity for trustworthy biomarkers is highlighted by the fact that early diagnosis and prognosis are still difficult despite advancements. A key factor in cancer biology, the long non-coding RNA H19 was first discovered for its function in embryogenesis. H19, reactivated in cancers, interacts with microRNAs and signaling pathways such as p53 and PI3K/AKT to affect tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Nevertheless, its expression patterns in OSCC in contrast to healthy tissues remain unclear. The evidence currently available about H19's expression in OSCC is assessed in this review.
Methods
The keywords H19 or lncRNA H19 or long non-coding RNA H19″ AND “oral cancer or oral squamous cell carcinoma or tongue squamous cell carcinoma or OSCC” were used to search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Clinical Key on 9th December 2024. In addition, the authors manually scanned the reference lists of the included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search to ensure literature saturation. Following the exclusion of duplicates and irrelevant articles, full-text screening of the remaining articles was done to select the articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Risk of Bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS).
Results
Of 95 articles obtained (55 from PubMed, 19 from Scopus, 20 from Clinical Key, and 1 from cross-reference), 56 duplicates or irrelevant articles were eliminated. Of the 39 articles, only eight were selected after the full-text screening of nine articles based on eligibility criteria. All the articles reported a low risk of bias and all the studies reported a change in the expression pattern of H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to the control.
Conclusion
Despite some variability in the direction of changes in H19 expression, most studies have shown its dysregulation in OSCC tissues, highlighting its significance in the pathogenesis of OSCC.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）死亡率高，占所有口腔癌的90%以上，是一个主要的全球健康问题。尽管取得了进步，但早期诊断和预后仍然很困难，这一事实突出了值得信赖的生物标志物的必要性。作为癌症生物学中的一个关键因素，长链非编码RNA H19首次被发现是由于其在胚胎发生中的功能。H19在癌症中被重新激活，与microrna和p53、PI3K/AKT等信号通路相互作用，影响肿瘤的生长、侵袭和转移。然而，与健康组织相比，其在OSCC中的表达模式尚不清楚。本综述评估了目前关于H19在OSCC中表达的证据。方法采用关键词H19或lncRNA H19或长链非编码RNA H19″和“oral cancer or oral squamous cell carcinoma or tongue squamous cell carcinoma or OSCC”于2024年12月9日在PubMed、Scopus、Clinical Key等数据库进行检索。此外，作者手动扫描通过检索确定的纳入研究或相关综述的参考文献列表，以确保文献饱和。在排除重复和不相关的文章后，对剩余的文章进行全文筛选，根据纳入和排除标准选择文章。纳入研究的偏倚风险采用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表（NOS）进行评估。结果95篇文献（PubMed 55篇，Scopus 19篇，Clinical Key 20篇，交叉参考1篇）中，56篇重复或不相关文献被剔除。在39篇文章中，根据资格标准对9篇文章进行全文筛选后，只有8篇文章入选。所有的文章都报道了低偏倚风险，所有的研究都报道了口腔鳞状细胞癌中H19的表达模式与对照组相比发生了变化。结论尽管H19的表达方向存在一定的变异性，但多数研究均发现其在OSCC组织中表达异常，在OSCC的发病机制中具有重要意义。
{"title":"Expression pattern of lncRNA H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues in comparison to normal tissues. A systematic review","authors":"Ramya Sekar , Selvaraj Jayaraman , Saranya Varadarajan , Thodur Madapusi Balaji , Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan , Prabhu Shankar Dayasankar , Dharshini Devi J","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With a high mortality rate, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accounts for more than 90 % of all mouth cancers and is a major global health concern. The necessity for trustworthy biomarkers is highlighted by the fact that early diagnosis and prognosis are still difficult despite advancements. A key factor in cancer biology, the long non-coding RNA H19 was first discovered for its function in embryogenesis. H19, reactivated in cancers, interacts with microRNAs and signaling pathways such as p53 and PI3K/AKT to affect tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Nevertheless, its expression patterns in OSCC in contrast to healthy tissues remain unclear. The evidence currently available about H19's expression in OSCC is assessed in this review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The keywords H19 or lncRNA H19 or long non-coding RNA H19″ AND “oral cancer or oral squamous cell carcinoma or tongue squamous cell carcinoma or OSCC” were used to search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Clinical Key on 9th December 2024. In addition, the authors manually scanned the reference lists of the included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search to ensure literature saturation. Following the exclusion of duplicates and irrelevant articles, full-text screening of the remaining articles was done to select the articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Risk of Bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 95 articles obtained (55 from PubMed, 19 from Scopus, 20 from Clinical Key, and 1 from cross-reference), 56 duplicates or irrelevant articles were eliminated. Of the 39 articles, only eight were selected after the full-text screening of nine articles based on eligibility criteria. All the articles reported a low risk of bias and all the studies reported a change in the expression pattern of H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to the control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite some variability in the direction of changes in H19 expression, most studies have shown its dysregulation in OSCC tissues, highlighting its significance in the pathogenesis of OSCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718
Heba E.M. Youssef , Basant Hamdy AbouZaid
Objectives
The aggressive behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not only a cancer-cell centered issue, but also affected by tumor stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant component of tumor stroma that can direct tumorigenesis. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by stromal CAFs is linked to higher aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognosis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the main enzymes producing the free radical, nitric oxide in response to various stimuli. Its increased expression revealed several pro-tumorigenic effects. This study was undertaken to address the expression of α-SMA and iNOS in OSCC in relation to tumor stroma type and degree of tumor cell differentiation.
Methodology
Thirty-two archival specimens of OSCC were stained immunohistochemically with anti-α-SMA and anti-iNOS. Stromal categorization was performed according to the ratio between α-SMA positive areas and the density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The immunohistochemical score of iNOS was evaluated semi-quantitatively. Finally, correlations between stroma category, iNOS expression and different clinicopathological parameters were performed.
Results
Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between advanced histopathologic grade and the higher stromal category (P = 0.02). Additionally, increased stroma category was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.001) and nodal involvement (P = 0.05). Likewise, iNOS expression was significantly correlated with worsened histopathological grade (P = 0.008) and clinical stage of tumors (P = 0.01).
Conclusions
Combining the assessment of stroma category and iNOS expression offers a more comprehensive tumor microenvironment profile in OSCC, surpassing single-parameter approaches focused solely on tumor or stromal characteristics.
{"title":"Value of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): An immunohistochemical approach to tumor stroma categorization and clinicopathological parameters","authors":"Heba E.M. Youssef , Basant Hamdy AbouZaid","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aggressive behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not only a cancer-cell centered issue, but also affected by tumor stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant component of tumor stroma that can direct tumorigenesis. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by stromal CAFs is linked to higher aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognosis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the main enzymes producing the free radical, nitric oxide in response to various stimuli. Its increased expression revealed several pro-tumorigenic effects. This study was undertaken to address the expression of α-SMA and iNOS in OSCC in relation to tumor stroma type and degree of tumor cell differentiation.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Thirty-two archival specimens of OSCC were stained immunohistochemically with <em>anti</em>-α-SMA and <em>anti</em>-iNOS. Stromal categorization was performed according to the ratio between α-SMA positive areas and the density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The immunohistochemical score of iNOS was evaluated semi-quantitatively. Finally, correlations between stroma category, iNOS expression and different clinicopathological parameters were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between advanced histopathologic grade and the higher stromal category (P = 0.02). Additionally, increased stroma category was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.001) and nodal involvement (P = 0.05). Likewise, iNOS expression was significantly correlated with worsened histopathological grade (P = 0.008) and clinical stage of tumors (P = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Combining the assessment of stroma category and iNOS expression offers a more comprehensive tumor microenvironment profile in OSCC, surpassing single-parameter approaches focused solely on tumor or stromal characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号