Pub Date : 2018-12-16DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:2018.0013
Cristina El Mahdy, S. Popescu, Anamaria Petrean, C. Borda
The purpose of the research was to evaluate the degree of reduction of the bacterial load of water using as chemical disinfectant chloramine T 1% (ChT1%) and physical disinfection using UV at a wavelength of 253.93 μm, 30 minutes exposure time. The results of the research show a more significant reduction of TNG/ml of water in samples subjected to exposure to UV, but in this case the decrease is affected by the turbidity of the water.
{"title":"Assessment of Bacterial Water Load, Through Disinfection Processes, Chlorination and Ultraviolet","authors":"Cristina El Mahdy, S. Popescu, Anamaria Petrean, C. Borda","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:2018.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:2018.0013","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research was to evaluate the degree of reduction of the bacterial load of water using as chemical disinfectant chloramine T 1% (ChT1%) and physical disinfection using UV at a wavelength of 253.93 μm, 30 minutes exposure time. The results of the research show a more significant reduction of TNG/ml of water in samples subjected to exposure to UV, but in this case the decrease is affected by the turbidity of the water.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43293555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-19DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:003517
Andrada Ihuț, C. Răducu, C. Lațiu, D. Cocan, Paul Uiuiu, V. Mireșan
The parameters studied were RBC, Ht, Hb, erythrocyte index MCV, MCH, MCHC, and oxidative stress through SOD and GPx. For each parameter, blood samples were collected at specimens weighing between 100-140g in the summer season, 250-280 g in the fall, 270-300g in the winter and 320-350g in the spring. At the specimens studied the highest values of GPx and SOD were recorded in the spring season due to the stress caused by massive precipitation. During the study, the water temperature ranged between 5.1° C in winter and 19.2° C in summer and O2 ranged between 8.30 mg/l in the summer and 10.20 mg / l in winter. For most parameters, the highest values were recorded in the spring season and the lowest in the summer season. The data obtained in each season on Oncorhynchus mykiss species do not indicate pathological conditions but more an adaptive fish response to environmental conditions and can serve as a database for future research on welfare of salmonids.
{"title":"The Influence of Season Variation on Hematological Parameters and Oxidative Stress for Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Andrada Ihuț, C. Răducu, C. Lațiu, D. Cocan, Paul Uiuiu, V. Mireșan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:003517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:003517","url":null,"abstract":"The parameters studied were RBC, Ht, Hb, erythrocyte index MCV, MCH, MCHC, and oxidative stress through SOD and GPx. For each parameter, blood samples were collected at specimens weighing between 100-140g in the summer season, 250-280 g in the fall, 270-300g in the winter and 320-350g in the spring. At the specimens studied the highest values of GPx and SOD were recorded in the spring season due to the stress caused by massive precipitation. During the study, the water temperature ranged between 5.1° C in winter and 19.2° C in summer and O2 ranged between 8.30 mg/l in the summer and 10.20 mg / l in winter. For most parameters, the highest values were recorded in the spring season and the lowest in the summer season. The data obtained in each season on Oncorhynchus mykiss species do not indicate pathological conditions but more an adaptive fish response to environmental conditions and can serve as a database for future research on welfare of salmonids.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:003517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49599344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0026
A. Gheorghe, M. Hăbeanu, C. Tabuc, M. Dumitru, N. Lefter
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary white sorghum (WS), as partial substitute of corn on blood parameters, digestive organ size and intestinal microflora of broilers at 35 d. Cobb 500 broilers (n=400), assigned to 2 groups, were fed with isocaloric and isonitrogenous corn-soybean meal control diets (C) or corn-WS-soybean meal diets (WS), where corn was partially replaced (50%) with WS. At 35 d, sixteen broilers per group were selected for blood sampling, gastrointestinal (GIT) measurements, digesta pH and ileum microflora analysis. There was no effect (P>0.05) of the dietary WS inclusion on blood biochemistry parameters, GIT development and digesta pH of broilers. In our study, dietary WS significantly reduced the ileal population of Enterobacteriaceae (-1.38%; P<0.0001) and E. coli (-1.16%; P=0.020), and increased the Lactobacillus spp. (+1.07%; P=0.014) compared with the C diet. In conclusion, feeding white sorghum, as partial substitute of corn in broiler diets, did not affect blood parameters, digestive organ size and digesta pH, that support the obtained performance. In addition, sorghum had a positive
{"title":"Blood parameters, digestive organ size and intestinal microflora of broiler chicks fed sorghum as partial substitute of corn.","authors":"A. Gheorghe, M. Hăbeanu, C. Tabuc, M. Dumitru, N. Lefter","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0026","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary white sorghum (WS), as partial substitute of corn on blood parameters, digestive organ size and intestinal microflora of broilers at 35 d. Cobb 500 broilers (n=400), assigned to 2 groups, were fed with isocaloric and isonitrogenous corn-soybean meal control diets (C) or corn-WS-soybean meal diets (WS), where corn was partially replaced (50%) with WS. At 35 d, sixteen broilers per group were selected for blood sampling, gastrointestinal (GIT) measurements, digesta pH and ileum microflora analysis. There was no effect (P>0.05) of the dietary WS inclusion on blood biochemistry parameters, GIT development and digesta pH of broilers. In our study, dietary WS significantly reduced the ileal population of Enterobacteriaceae (-1.38%; P<0.0001) and E. coli (-1.16%; P=0.020), and increased the Lactobacillus spp. (+1.07%; P=0.014) compared with the C diet. In conclusion, feeding white sorghum, as partial substitute of corn in broiler diets, did not affect blood parameters, digestive organ size and digesta pH, that support the obtained performance. In addition, sorghum had a positive","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49232588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-26DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0014
G. Hrincă
The main objective of this paper is to measure the relationships between the ecotypes belonging to the Tigai and Tsurcana breeds of Romania and to quantify the genetic diversity within them from the informational statistics point of view, depending on the relief forms of the biotope in which they live, using the genetic variants of some selective genetic markers. The researches were carried out on ecotypes of the most ubiquitous sheep breeds in Romania, Tsigai and Tsurcana whose biotopes are circumscribed by more relief forms: plain, hilly, sub-mountainous and mountainous. The sheep were electrophoretically typified at the determinant loci of haemoglobin and transferrin. Using the allelic frequencies of the haemoglobin and transferrin systems that have been processed by concepts of informational statistics, the differentiation / similarity degree among ecotypes within the two breeds was quantified by the genetic distance (D) and the informational correlation coefficient (Rx,y), as well as the diversity level (d) of the genetic structures of these ecotypes on the basis of informational energy (e). Also, the heterozygosity degree (Ht) at the Hb and Tf loci was calculated in relation to the genetic diversity level. The paper analyzes the causes of genetic similarities and differentiations among the ecotypes of these two breeds at the level of the two biochemicalgenetic loci: allelic distribution of haemoglobin and transferrin, altitude of relief forms, habitat conditions etc. The benefits of such studies are also presented for the improvement, breeding and conservation of the ecotypes of these two sheep breeds from Romania.
{"title":"Informational-Statistical Aspects of Genetic Diversity in Tsigai and Tsurcana Ecotypes from Romania","authors":"G. Hrincă","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0014","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to measure the relationships between the ecotypes belonging to the Tigai and Tsurcana breeds of Romania and to quantify the genetic diversity within them from the informational statistics point of view, depending on the relief forms of the biotope in which they live, using the genetic variants of some selective genetic markers. The researches were carried out on ecotypes of the most ubiquitous sheep breeds in Romania, Tsigai and Tsurcana whose biotopes are circumscribed by more relief forms: plain, hilly, sub-mountainous and mountainous. The sheep were electrophoretically typified at the determinant loci of haemoglobin and transferrin. Using the allelic frequencies of the haemoglobin and transferrin systems that have been processed by concepts of informational statistics, the differentiation / similarity degree among ecotypes within the two breeds was quantified by the genetic distance (D) and the informational correlation coefficient (Rx,y), as well as the diversity level (d) of the genetic structures of these ecotypes on the basis of informational energy (e). Also, the heterozygosity degree (Ht) at the Hb and Tf loci was calculated in relation to the genetic diversity level. The paper analyzes the causes of genetic similarities and differentiations among the ecotypes of these two breeds at the level of the two biochemicalgenetic loci: allelic distribution of haemoglobin and transferrin, altitude of relief forms, habitat conditions etc. The benefits of such studies are also presented for the improvement, breeding and conservation of the ecotypes of these two sheep breeds from Romania.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49560335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12646
A. Urcan, L. Mǎrghitaş, D. Dezmirean, O. Bobiș, Victorița Bonta, C. Mureșan, Rodica Mărgăoan
Beebread is a product of the hive obtained from pollen collected by bees, to which they add honey,digestive enzymes and subsequently is stored in the combs. The bees transform the bee pollen in beebread by an anaerobic fermentation process.A proper hive management promotes beebread collection, aimed at marketing it for human consumption since it can be considered a valuable food supplement due to its content of a wide range of nutrients. Its value is given by the content in protein, amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, mineral salts, polyphenols and flavonoids, which depends on the botanical source of bee pollen. The nutritional and functional composition of beebread is widely reported; nevertheless, few studies on transformation processes of the pollen to improve the availability of the compounds present in this product were found. Overall, beebread is a recent collected and consumed bee product and at this stage it can be used as a food supplement.
{"title":"Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Beebread – Review","authors":"A. Urcan, L. Mǎrghitaş, D. Dezmirean, O. Bobiș, Victorița Bonta, C. Mureșan, Rodica Mărgăoan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12646","url":null,"abstract":"Beebread is a product of the hive obtained from pollen collected by bees, to which they add honey,digestive enzymes and subsequently is stored in the combs. The bees transform the bee pollen in beebread by an anaerobic fermentation process.A proper hive management promotes beebread collection, aimed at marketing it for human consumption since it can be considered a valuable food supplement due to its content of a wide range of nutrients. Its value is given by the content in protein, amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, mineral salts, polyphenols and flavonoids, which depends on the botanical source of bee pollen. The nutritional and functional composition of beebread is widely reported; nevertheless, few studies on transformation processes of the pollen to improve the availability of the compounds present in this product were found. Overall, beebread is a recent collected and consumed bee product and at this stage it can be used as a food supplement.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12646","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47705756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-28DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12218
R. Luca, Manuela E. Crisan, D. Botău
Paulownia is a multipurpose tree species with a rapid growth which is cultivated in several temperate zones worldwide for its economic importance. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of different alkanolamine salts of 4-nitrobenzoic acid on in vitro callus induction and plant regenerating in Paulownia shan tong. The alkanolamine salts, namely methylethanolamine 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NO 2 BA MMEA), diethanolamine 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NO 2 BA DEA) and triethanolamine 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NO 2 BA TEA) are new synthesized compounds with biological activity and low toxicity. The influence of title compounds on sprout length, number of internodes, number of leaves and number of ramifications has been studied at two different concentrations : 1 mg/L respectively 0.5 mg/L. The experimental data show that new tested compounds have a better growth effect on plant vegetable parties in report to control , the most eloquent results being obtained for 4-NO 2 BA MMEA. For callus induction 2,4-D hormonal balances were attempted and the development of callus was examined at two different concentrations. A n induced callus development was observed regarding callus dimensions for all explants inoculated on culture medium supplemented with 2,4-D.
泡桐是一种生长迅速的多用途树种，具有重要的经济价值，在全球多个温带地区都有栽培。研究了不同4-硝基苯甲酸烷醇胺盐对山桐离体愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响。烷基醇胺盐，即甲基乙醇胺4-硝基苯甲酸酯(4- no2 BA MMEA)、二乙醇胺4-硝基苯甲酸酯(4- no2 BA DEA)和三乙醇胺4-硝基苯甲酸酯(4- no2 BA TEA)是新合成的具有生物活性和低毒性的化合物。在1 mg/L、0.5 mg/L两种不同浓度下，研究了标题化合物对芽长、节间数、叶数和分枝数的影响。实验数据表明，新被试化合物在报告控制中对植物和蔬菜有较好的生长效果，其中以4- no2 BA MMEA效果最好。为了诱导愈伤组织，我们尝试在两种不同浓度下平衡4-D激素，并观察愈伤组织的发育情况。在添加2,4- d的培养基上，所有外植体均可诱导愈伤组织发育。
{"title":"The Role of Nitrobenzoic Acid Derivatives on Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Paulownia shan tong","authors":"R. Luca, Manuela E. Crisan, D. Botău","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12218","url":null,"abstract":"Paulownia is a multipurpose tree species with a rapid growth which is cultivated in several temperate zones worldwide for its economic importance. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of different alkanolamine salts of 4-nitrobenzoic acid on in vitro callus induction and plant regenerating in Paulownia shan tong. The alkanolamine salts, namely methylethanolamine 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NO 2 BA MMEA), diethanolamine 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NO 2 BA DEA) and triethanolamine 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NO 2 BA TEA) are new synthesized compounds with biological activity and low toxicity. The influence of title compounds on sprout length, number of internodes, number of leaves and number of ramifications has been studied at two different concentrations : 1 mg/L respectively 0.5 mg/L. The experimental data show that new tested compounds have a better growth effect on plant vegetable parties in report to control , the most eloquent results being obtained for 4-NO 2 BA MMEA. For callus induction 2,4-D hormonal balances were attempted and the development of callus was examined at two different concentrations. A n induced callus development was observed regarding callus dimensions for all explants inoculated on culture medium supplemented with 2,4-D.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:12218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67359276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-28DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12239
A. Șara, R. Marti, M. Bențea, I. Toader, Erol Gabor
Following the 2006 EU ban of antibiotic-based growth promoters, the use of alternative products, such as prebiotics, became a necessity. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of prebiotic products (Actigen AŸi Biotronic Top3) on meat quality in broiler chickens. The research has been conducted on a number of 75 Ross-308 hybrid broilers, assigned in three groups (25 individuals/group), over a period of 42 days. Group 1(E) was fed with the base diet supplemented with the Actigen prebiotic in a proportion of 0.08% in the first growth phase (days 1-14), 0.04% in the second phase (days 14-35) and 0.02% in the third phase (days 35-42). Group 2(E) received the base feed supplemented with the Biotronic Top3 prebiotic (0.1%) throughout the whole growth period. At the end of the study period, five broilers from every group have been sacrificed to determine meat quality and meat chemical composition. The usage of prebiotics led to an increase of the carcass weight gain of 16.29% in group 1(E) receiving Actigen and 13.49% in group 2(E), fed with Biotronic Top3, compared to the control group. The percentage of superior quality meat (quality I and II) in the carcass was higher by 4.4% in group 2(E) Biotronic Top3 and by 1.67% in group 1(E) Actigen compared to the control group. Following the administration of Actigen and Biotronic Top3 prebiotics, in groups 1(E) and 2(E) the meat quality was improved in groups 1(E) and 2(E), due to an increase in the protein content and a reduction of the fat content. These results confirm that prebiotics administered in the feeds for broiler chickens have favourable effects on the meat production and meat quality.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF SOME PREBIOTIC PRODUCTS (ACTIGEN, BIOTRONIC TOP3) ADMINISTRATED IN THE FOOD OF BROILER CHICKENS ON THE MEAT QUALITY","authors":"A. Șara, R. Marti, M. Bențea, I. Toader, Erol Gabor","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12239","url":null,"abstract":"Following the 2006 EU ban of antibiotic-based growth promoters, the use of alternative products, such as prebiotics, became a necessity. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of prebiotic products (Actigen AŸi Biotronic Top3) on meat quality in broiler chickens. The research has been conducted on a number of 75 Ross-308 hybrid broilers, assigned in three groups (25 individuals/group), over a period of 42 days. Group 1(E) was fed with the base diet supplemented with the Actigen prebiotic in a proportion of 0.08% in the first growth phase (days 1-14), 0.04% in the second phase (days 14-35) and 0.02% in the third phase (days 35-42). Group 2(E) received the base feed supplemented with the Biotronic Top3 prebiotic (0.1%) throughout the whole growth period. At the end of the study period, five broilers from every group have been sacrificed to determine meat quality and meat chemical composition. The usage of prebiotics led to an increase of the carcass weight gain of 16.29% in group 1(E) receiving Actigen and 13.49% in group 2(E), fed with Biotronic Top3, compared to the control group. The percentage of superior quality meat (quality I and II) in the carcass was higher by 4.4% in group 2(E) Biotronic Top3 and by 1.67% in group 1(E) Actigen compared to the control group. Following the administration of Actigen and Biotronic Top3 prebiotics, in groups 1(E) and 2(E) the meat quality was improved in groups 1(E) and 2(E), due to an increase in the protein content and a reduction of the fat content. These results confirm that prebiotics administered in the feeds for broiler chickens have favourable effects on the meat production and meat quality.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67359900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-18DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11976
V. Coșier, S. Dărăban
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative prion disease of sheep, goats and mouflons, belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), which affects humans as well. Even though classical scrapie has been known for over 250 years, the 1985 BSE crisis related to the advent of new forms of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) in humans imposed the implementation of rapid coercive legal measures of prevention, control and eradication of TSEs. According to the prion hypothesis, the transmissible agent is the pathological isoform (PrP Sc ) of cellular prion protein (PrP C ). Specific polymorphisms of the gene that encodes cell prion protein (PrnP) in sheep have been associated with resistance / natural susceptibility to the development and progression of the disease. Combinations of alleles at three adjacent codons (136 [A/V], 154 [H/R], 171 [H/Q/R]) underpin the classification of 15 possible genotypes in risk classes, applicable in selection schemes where the maximum resistance is conferred by ARR allele, and the minimum by the VRQ allele. Although, after applying these programmes, the genetic structure of sheep populations has changed favourably, genotype association studies showed that no genotype is completely resistant to the infection, including homozygote ARR / ARR. With the discovery of atypical scrapie (Nor98), it became evident that the connection between the genetics of prion protein gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to the disease must be re-evaluated individually for each breed. In scrapie monitoring and control programmes, three diagnostic categories of the disease are observed: classical scrapie, atypical scrapie and BSE scrapie in small ruminant. This review shows the chronology of progress in the fight for the eradication of TSEs in sheep, 30 years after the BSE epidemic outburst, focusing especially on the link between the molecular diagnostic forms and the genetics of the disease. Â
{"title":"Current understanding of PrnP Genetics: A tool for Molecular Assisted Selection in Sheep Populations (A review)","authors":"V. Coșier, S. Dărăban","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11976","url":null,"abstract":"Scrapie is a neurodegenerative prion disease of sheep, goats and mouflons, belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), which affects humans as well. Even though classical scrapie has been known for over 250 years, the 1985 BSE crisis related to the advent of new forms of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) in humans imposed the implementation of rapid coercive legal measures of prevention, control and eradication of TSEs. According to the prion hypothesis, the transmissible agent is the pathological isoform (PrP Sc ) of cellular prion protein (PrP C ). Specific polymorphisms of the gene that encodes cell prion protein (PrnP) in sheep have been associated with resistance / natural susceptibility to the development and progression of the disease. Combinations of alleles at three adjacent codons (136 [A/V], 154 [H/R], 171 [H/Q/R]) underpin the classification of 15 possible genotypes in risk classes, applicable in selection schemes where the maximum resistance is conferred by ARR allele, and the minimum by the VRQ allele. Although, after applying these programmes, the genetic structure of sheep populations has changed favourably, genotype association studies showed that no genotype is completely resistant to the infection, including homozygote ARR / ARR. With the discovery of atypical scrapie (Nor98), it became evident that the connection between the genetics of prion protein gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to the disease must be re-evaluated individually for each breed. In scrapie monitoring and control programmes, three diagnostic categories of the disease are observed: classical scrapie, atypical scrapie and BSE scrapie in small ruminant. This review shows the chronology of progress in the fight for the eradication of TSEs in sheep, 30 years after the BSE epidemic outburst, focusing especially on the link between the molecular diagnostic forms and the genetics of the disease. Â","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67358800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11949
M. Ahmadi, O. Boldura, C. Milovanov, D. Dronca, C. Mircu, I. Huțu, S. Popescu, I. Pădeanu, C. Tulcan
The first milk after birth is also known as colostrum. The composition of animal and human colostrum depends very much on different factors such as: animal species, animal breed and genetical characteristics, feeding program, diet. Bovine colostrum is used in different therapies due to its composition in nutraceuticals, but also because the cow gives high quantity colostrum compared to other animal species (goats or ewes). The immunological properties of colostrum are acknowledged in various studies. Due to its immunoglobiline content, it is an alternative therapy in immunity enhancement. Colostrum is also used in athletes’ supplementation plan with very good results in their competition performance. Dry matter composition of cow, goat and ewe’s colostrum can give very good information about the nutritional composition, especially proteins. Thus, proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins are significantly higher in colostrum right after parturition and decrease very much in time in mature milk. Lactose - in most of the studies - presents an increase in concentration from colostrum to milk. Our study reflects the highest content of dry matter in ewe colostrum, with significant decrease in goat and cow. Total lipid content was highest also in ewe’s colostrum, lower in cow’s, and the lowest in goat colostrum. In most samples, minerals (copper, manganese, zinc) had - the highest concentration in colostrum milking with a decrese from the 6 hour colostrum to the 48 hour colostrum collected after parturition. Iron composition increases in ewe colostrum from the 6 hours to 48 hours. Â
{"title":"Colostrum from Different Animal Species - A Product for Health Status Enhancement","authors":"M. Ahmadi, O. Boldura, C. Milovanov, D. Dronca, C. Mircu, I. Huțu, S. Popescu, I. Pădeanu, C. Tulcan","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11949","url":null,"abstract":"The first milk after birth is also known as colostrum. The composition of animal and human colostrum depends very much on different factors such as: animal species, animal breed and genetical characteristics, feeding program, diet. Bovine colostrum is used in different therapies due to its composition in nutraceuticals, but also because the cow gives high quantity colostrum compared to other animal species (goats or ewes). The immunological properties of colostrum are acknowledged in various studies. Due to its immunoglobiline content, it is an alternative therapy in immunity enhancement. Colostrum is also used in athletes’ supplementation plan with very good results in their competition performance. Dry matter composition of cow, goat and ewe’s colostrum can give very good information about the nutritional composition, especially proteins. Thus, proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins are significantly higher in colostrum right after parturition and decrease very much in time in mature milk. Lactose - in most of the studies - presents an increase in concentration from colostrum to milk. Our study reflects the highest content of dry matter in ewe colostrum, with significant decrease in goat and cow. Total lipid content was highest also in ewe’s colostrum, lower in cow’s, and the lowest in goat colostrum. In most samples, minerals (copper, manganese, zinc) had - the highest concentration in colostrum milking with a decrese from the 6 hour colostrum to the 48 hour colostrum collected after parturition. Iron composition increases in ewe colostrum from the 6 hours to 48 hours. Â","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67359240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-04DOI: 10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11939
N. Gjorgovska, K. Filev, V. Levkov, R. Nastova, V. Kostov, Srekjko Gjorgjievski, S. Grigorova
Nutritional manipulation and genetic selection for egg size and production may lead to changes in egg components. This experiment was carried out to analyze the egg structure parameters of eggs produced by Hisex Brown laying hens fed with diet with different supplements inclusion. The intensity of egg production was significantly higher in the groups fed with enriched feed with iodine (90.00%), vitamin E (90.00%) and selenium (91.98%), and significantly lower in the group fed with DHA inclusion feed (76.00%) in respect to the control group (82.00%), confidence interval of 95%. Concerning diet supplemented with selenium and diet supplemented with vitamin E, the egg yolk weight was statistically different compared with the control group (confidence interval of 95%). The yolk weight averaged 1.80 g and 1.29 g more than yolk weight in the control eggs, respectively. The egg shell weight was statistically different in diet enriched with iodine compared with the control. The egg shell weight averaged 1.48 g less per egg for the eggs enriched with iodine with 17.45% less underweight than the control eggs. Enriched eggs offer consumer a variety of value-added options for their egg purchase. Although enriched eggs may provide consumers with a specific quality attribute or healthful ingredient, they do not appear to provide quality and value in a traditional sense as defined by the standards of quality and grade.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SUPPLEMENTS INCLUSION OF THE ENRICHED DIET ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND EGG STRUCTURE","authors":"N. Gjorgovska, K. Filev, V. Levkov, R. Nastova, V. Kostov, Srekjko Gjorgjievski, S. Grigorova","doi":"10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11939","url":null,"abstract":"Nutritional manipulation and genetic selection for egg size and production may lead to changes in egg components. This experiment was carried out to analyze the egg structure parameters of eggs produced by Hisex Brown laying hens fed with diet with different supplements inclusion. The intensity of egg production was significantly higher in the groups fed with enriched feed with iodine (90.00%), vitamin E (90.00%) and selenium (91.98%), and significantly lower in the group fed with DHA inclusion feed (76.00%) in respect to the control group (82.00%), confidence interval of 95%. Concerning diet supplemented with selenium and diet supplemented with vitamin E, the egg yolk weight was statistically different compared with the control group (confidence interval of 95%). The yolk weight averaged 1.80 g and 1.29 g more than yolk weight in the control eggs, respectively. The egg shell weight was statistically different in diet enriched with iodine compared with the control. The egg shell weight averaged 1.48 g less per egg for the eggs enriched with iodine with 17.45% less underweight than the control eggs. Enriched eggs offer consumer a variety of value-added options for their egg purchase. Although enriched eggs may provide consumers with a specific quality attribute or healthful ingredient, they do not appear to provide quality and value in a traditional sense as defined by the standards of quality and grade.","PeriodicalId":9587,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15835/BUASVMCN-ASB:11939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67358955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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