Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-26-31
E. Kulik, V. Pavlenko, S. Naryshkina
Aim. To analyze of the severity of respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depending on the presence of an exacerbation or novel coronavirus infection (NCVI), taking into account the activity of acute phase blood parameters.Materials and methods. The medical documentation of 162 patients with COPD was studied, which were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n=61) ‒ COPD and NCVI, group 2 (n=53) – stable COPD, group 3 (n=48) ‒ COPD exacerbation. The severity of respiratory symptoms was assessed using points. To assess the activity of inflammation the following biochemical indicators were used ‒ C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (g/L).Results. According to the severity of cough and the intensity of dyspnea on the mMRC scale, the first, second and third groups did not differ statistically (p=0.07). Patients of the first group (82.5%) characterized by the absence of classical criteria for exacerbation of COPD. In terms of the severity of sputum production, the first, second and third groups are statistically different (p=0.0001). The first, second and third groups differ significantly in the level of serum CRP (p=0.0001) and fibrinogen (p=0.009). According to the results of the correlation analysis, some relationships found between respiratory symptoms and the level of CRP and fibrinogen.Conclusion. The clinical feature of the associated course of stable COPD and NCVI is the presence of severe dyspnea and the absence of classic criteria for exacerbation of COPD. Systemic inflammation in NCVI and stable COPD are more pronounced than in isolated stable COPD or exacerbation and correlates with cough and dyspnea. Practitioners for the differential diagnosis of NCVI in stable COPD can use the data obtained.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory features in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease depending on the presence of an exacerbation or a novel coronavirus infection","authors":"E. Kulik, V. Pavlenko, S. Naryshkina","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-26-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-26-31","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To analyze of the severity of respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depending on the presence of an exacerbation or novel coronavirus infection (NCVI), taking into account the activity of acute phase blood parameters.Materials and methods. The medical documentation of 162 patients with COPD was studied, which were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n=61) ‒ COPD and NCVI, group 2 (n=53) – stable COPD, group 3 (n=48) ‒ COPD exacerbation. The severity of respiratory symptoms was assessed using points. To assess the activity of inflammation the following biochemical indicators were used ‒ C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (g/L).Results. According to the severity of cough and the intensity of dyspnea on the mMRC scale, the first, second and third groups did not differ statistically (p=0.07). Patients of the first group (82.5%) characterized by the absence of classical criteria for exacerbation of COPD. In terms of the severity of sputum production, the first, second and third groups are statistically different (p=0.0001). The first, second and third groups differ significantly in the level of serum CRP (p=0.0001) and fibrinogen (p=0.009). According to the results of the correlation analysis, some relationships found between respiratory symptoms and the level of CRP and fibrinogen.Conclusion. The clinical feature of the associated course of stable COPD and NCVI is the presence of severe dyspnea and the absence of classic criteria for exacerbation of COPD. Systemic inflammation in NCVI and stable COPD are more pronounced than in isolated stable COPD or exacerbation and correlates with cough and dyspnea. Practitioners for the differential diagnosis of NCVI in stable COPD can use the data obtained.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78652368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-56-64
R. Telepneva, G. Evseeva, E. V. Nagovitsyna, E. Suprun, N. I. Khaletskaya, S. Suprun, O. Lebedko
Introduction. Features of the clinical course of bronchial asthma in children with obesity made it possible to identify a special phenotype, when the presence and severity of obesity determine a more severe course of asthma and a worse response to asthma therapy. Asthma, like obesity, is recognized as a classic example of multifactorial diseases, which are based on a rather complex gene network. Studying the genetic basis of both of these complex traits and linking them to the asthma phenotype should contribute to our understanding of the overall genetic basis of these pathological disorders.Aim. Evaluation of the clinical and genetic significance of the rs1801282 polymorphism of the PPARG2 gene (34C>G, p.Pro12Ala) in children with asthma and obesity.Materials and methods. 161 children with asthma were examined, including 59 patients with obesity 1-3 degrees. The examination included general clinical, functional, instrumental methods. The level of asthma control was determined according to the GINA criteria (2018). The study of gene polymorphisms was carried out by the real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. An analysis of the frequencies of the PPARG2 gene polymorphism in children with bronchial asthma did not reveal any differences from the control group healthy people. In 61% of children with asthma and obesity, there was no control over the disease, which was associated with the G allele (OR 2.4 [95% CI: 1.09‒5.30], p=0.0281). An increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and a decrease in the membrane potential of mitochondria in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with the GG genotype were revealed, which may indirectly affect the level of disease control.Conclusion. The comorbidity of asthma and obesity in children affects the control of the disease. This manifests itself through immune mechanisms that play a key role in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction of immunocompetent blood cells. The G-allele of the PPARG2 gene can be a marker of the lack of control over the disease in obese children with asthma. The pathogenetic significance of this polymorphism requires further study.
{"title":"Evaluation of the involvement of PPARG2 gene rs1801282 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma with obesity in children","authors":"R. Telepneva, G. Evseeva, E. V. Nagovitsyna, E. Suprun, N. I. Khaletskaya, S. Suprun, O. Lebedko","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-56-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-56-64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Features of the clinical course of bronchial asthma in children with obesity made it possible to identify a special phenotype, when the presence and severity of obesity determine a more severe course of asthma and a worse response to asthma therapy. Asthma, like obesity, is recognized as a classic example of multifactorial diseases, which are based on a rather complex gene network. Studying the genetic basis of both of these complex traits and linking them to the asthma phenotype should contribute to our understanding of the overall genetic basis of these pathological disorders.Aim. Evaluation of the clinical and genetic significance of the rs1801282 polymorphism of the PPARG2 gene (34C>G, p.Pro12Ala) in children with asthma and obesity.Materials and methods. 161 children with asthma were examined, including 59 patients with obesity 1-3 degrees. The examination included general clinical, functional, instrumental methods. The level of asthma control was determined according to the GINA criteria (2018). The study of gene polymorphisms was carried out by the real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. An analysis of the frequencies of the PPARG2 gene polymorphism in children with bronchial asthma did not reveal any differences from the control group healthy people. In 61% of children with asthma and obesity, there was no control over the disease, which was associated with the G allele (OR 2.4 [95% CI: 1.09‒5.30], p=0.0281). An increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and a decrease in the membrane potential of mitochondria in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with the GG genotype were revealed, which may indirectly affect the level of disease control.Conclusion. The comorbidity of asthma and obesity in children affects the control of the disease. This manifests itself through immune mechanisms that play a key role in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction of immunocompetent blood cells. The G-allele of the PPARG2 gene can be a marker of the lack of control over the disease in obese children with asthma. The pathogenetic significance of this polymorphism requires further study.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84853360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-47-55
A. Pirogov, D. Naumov, А. G. Prikhodko, J. Perelman
Introduction. The concept of the interaction of multidirectional cytokines that control the cellular and humoral immune response in the cold bronchospasm in asthma has been little studied.Aim. To evaluate the role of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the formation of the airway response to a cold stimulus in patients with asthma.Materials and methods. The spectrum of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17А, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-4), protein IP-10 (chemokine CXCL10), MMP9 metalloproteinase and TIMP1 protein in exhaled breath condensate before and after 3-minute isocapnic hyperventilation with cold (-20ºС) air (IHCA) has been studied in 37 patients.Results. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=11) consisted of individuals with cold airway hyperresponsiveness (CAHR), group 2 – 26 individuals with no response to IHCA (ΔFEV1 IHCA = -16.5±2.3 and -1.5±0.85%, respectively, p<0.0001). Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 had a predominant effect on the development of CAHR. IFN-γ was considered as a central regulator of the bronchial response to a cold stimulus, the increase in the level of which in cold bronchospasm relative to the group without CAHR (399,52 [237,1; 753,23] and 237,99 [57,63; 304,84] fg/mL, respectively, p<0.05) was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of IFN-γ-induced protein IP-10 (201.12 [199.4; 398.81] and 167.33 [132.94; 212.77] fg/mL, respectively (p<0.05). The absence of dynamics of IL-4 concentration in response to IHCA testified to the minimal involvement of IL-4 in the implementation of CAHR. The involvement of IL-17A could be associated with the activity of Th1 cytokines and the cold-activated proteolysis-antiproteolysis system involved in bronchial remodeling ‒ metalloproteinase MMP9 and a specific inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP1, the values of the latter two were higher in individuals with CAHR after the IHCA test.Conclusion. In patients with asthma, in the implementation of cold bronchospasm, the dominance of the Th1 immune response and a decrease in the functional activity of Th2 cytokines are observed.
{"title":"Th1, Th2 cytokines in airway response to acute cold exposure in patients with bronchial asthma","authors":"A. Pirogov, D. Naumov, А. G. Prikhodko, J. Perelman","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-47-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-47-55","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The concept of the interaction of multidirectional cytokines that control the cellular and humoral immune response in the cold bronchospasm in asthma has been little studied.Aim. To evaluate the role of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the formation of the airway response to a cold stimulus in patients with asthma.Materials and methods. The spectrum of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17А, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-4), protein IP-10 (chemokine CXCL10), MMP9 metalloproteinase and TIMP1 protein in exhaled breath condensate before and after 3-minute isocapnic hyperventilation with cold (-20ºС) air (IHCA) has been studied in 37 patients.Results. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=11) consisted of individuals with cold airway hyperresponsiveness (CAHR), group 2 – 26 individuals with no response to IHCA (ΔFEV1 IHCA = -16.5±2.3 and -1.5±0.85%, respectively, p<0.0001). Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 had a predominant effect on the development of CAHR. IFN-γ was considered as a central regulator of the bronchial response to a cold stimulus, the increase in the level of which in cold bronchospasm relative to the group without CAHR (399,52 [237,1; 753,23] and 237,99 [57,63; 304,84] fg/mL, respectively, p<0.05) was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of IFN-γ-induced protein IP-10 (201.12 [199.4; 398.81] and 167.33 [132.94; 212.77] fg/mL, respectively (p<0.05). The absence of dynamics of IL-4 concentration in response to IHCA testified to the minimal involvement of IL-4 in the implementation of CAHR. The involvement of IL-17A could be associated with the activity of Th1 cytokines and the cold-activated proteolysis-antiproteolysis system involved in bronchial remodeling ‒ metalloproteinase MMP9 and a specific inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP1, the values of the latter two were higher in individuals with CAHR after the IHCA test.Conclusion. In patients with asthma, in the implementation of cold bronchospasm, the dominance of the Th1 immune response and a decrease in the functional activity of Th2 cytokines are observed.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80064423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-78-83
L. Dudchenko, V. I. Mizin, P. Grigoriev, E. A. Solovyova
Introduction. The spread of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 required the restructuring of all links in the provision of specialized medical care, including the stages of medical rehabilitation. The organization of medical rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19 is in the process of active formation. For an objective assessment of а health-resort rehabilitation, it is necessary to use the criteria of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Aim. To develop a set of ICF domains for the period of health-resort medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19 to assess the initial state and rehabilitation results.Materials and methods. Clinical, laboratory, functional examination was carried out for all patients upon admission and discharge. Medical rehabilitation was carried out in the conditions of a climatic health-resort institution.Results. The set of ICF domains should meet the goals and objectives of each stage of rehabilitation. A set of ICF domains has been developed for patients entering health-resort rehabilitation after the COVID-19. Domains are filled with parameters of clinical, functional and laboratory examination.Conclusion. The developed methodology can be used to assess the effectiveness of health-resort medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19.
{"title":"Application of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19","authors":"L. Dudchenko, V. I. Mizin, P. Grigoriev, E. A. Solovyova","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-78-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-78-83","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The spread of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 required the restructuring of all links in the provision of specialized medical care, including the stages of medical rehabilitation. The organization of medical rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19 is in the process of active formation. For an objective assessment of а health-resort rehabilitation, it is necessary to use the criteria of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Aim. To develop a set of ICF domains for the period of health-resort medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19 to assess the initial state and rehabilitation results.Materials and methods. Clinical, laboratory, functional examination was carried out for all patients upon admission and discharge. Medical rehabilitation was carried out in the conditions of a climatic health-resort institution.Results. The set of ICF domains should meet the goals and objectives of each stage of rehabilitation. A set of ICF domains has been developed for patients entering health-resort rehabilitation after the COVID-19. Domains are filled with parameters of clinical, functional and laboratory examination.Conclusion. The developed methodology can be used to assess the effectiveness of health-resort medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87244974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-84-90
E. Mestnikova
Aim. To reveal the features of the psychophysiological status and the level of myocardial stress in wrestlers with masked hypertension.Materials and methods. We examined 125 athletes, aged 18 to 30, male, Yakut nationality, high sportsmanship (candidate master of sports, master of sports). Depending on the level of blood pressure, athletes were divided into 2 groups: group 1 ‒ athletes with normal blood pressure (n=80, 64.0%); group 2 ‒ athletes with masked hypertension (n=45, 36.0%). A clinical examination, anthropometry, measurement of office and daily blood pressure levels, echocardiography of the left ventricle were performed.Results. In athletes with masked hypertension, a high level of reactive anxiety prevails, which increases the relative chance of developing hypertension by 2.6 times (OR 2.601 [95% CI: 1.123‒6.023], p<0.05), a sympathicotonic type of regulation of the cardiovascular system was noted, an increase in systolic myocardial stress and high levels of left ventricular wall thickness compared with athletes with normal blood pressure.Conclusion. High reactive anxiety can serve as a risk factor for the development of masked hypertension in athletes. A comprehensive assessment of the psychophysiological status and individual typological characteristics of athletes is necessary to prevent the development of prepathological and pathological changes in the cardiovascular system in athletes.
{"title":"Features of psychophysiological status and level of myocardial stress in wrestlers with masked hypertension","authors":"E. Mestnikova","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-84-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-84-90","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To reveal the features of the psychophysiological status and the level of myocardial stress in wrestlers with masked hypertension.Materials and methods. We examined 125 athletes, aged 18 to 30, male, Yakut nationality, high sportsmanship (candidate master of sports, master of sports). Depending on the level of blood pressure, athletes were divided into 2 groups: group 1 ‒ athletes with normal blood pressure (n=80, 64.0%); group 2 ‒ athletes with masked hypertension (n=45, 36.0%). A clinical examination, anthropometry, measurement of office and daily blood pressure levels, echocardiography of the left ventricle were performed.Results. In athletes with masked hypertension, a high level of reactive anxiety prevails, which increases the relative chance of developing hypertension by 2.6 times (OR 2.601 [95% CI: 1.123‒6.023], p<0.05), a sympathicotonic type of regulation of the cardiovascular system was noted, an increase in systolic myocardial stress and high levels of left ventricular wall thickness compared with athletes with normal blood pressure.Conclusion. High reactive anxiety can serve as a risk factor for the development of masked hypertension in athletes. A comprehensive assessment of the psychophysiological status and individual typological characteristics of athletes is necessary to prevent the development of prepathological and pathological changes in the cardiovascular system in athletes.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87757652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-65-77
E. A. Ignat’eva
Aim. To assess the diagnostic significance of the indicators obtained by the new method of quantitative evaluation of digital data of computed tomography (CT) images of the chest (CT densitovolumetry) in groups of patients with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis, stratified by radiological patterns, in comparison with groups formed according to the classification principle of J.G.Scadding , as well as in comparison with functional pulmonary tests.Materials and methods. Healthy individuals (n=21) and patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis (n=101) were examined. Patients with sarcoidosis were divided into 5 groups according to the J.G.Scadding classification and into 5 groups according to combinations of radiological patterns. The lung function was assessed according to the data of forced expiratory spirometry, body plethysmography, and the study of diffusion capacity and lung volumes. All examined patients underwent a two-stage CT scan of the lungs in the inspiratory and expiratory phases with the measurement of parameters in 3 density ranges.Results. The values of the obtained quantitative indicators, determined by the new method of CT-densitovolumetry, differed from the control values in healthy individuals both in the general group of patients with sarcoidosis, and in separate groups according to the J.G.Scadding classification and groups divided by radiological patterns. As a result, an intergroup statistically significant difference in indicators was determined. Correlations were found between radiometric measurements and lung function variables.Conclusion. A new method of CT-densitovolumetry has identified a diagnostic difference between approaches to stratification of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The results obtained can be treated as a useful tool for the development of a unified radiological classification based on qualitative CT characteristics of pathological changes in pulmonary sarcoidosis.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the results of computed tomographic densitovolumetry during the stratification of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis","authors":"E. A. Ignat’eva","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-65-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-65-77","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the diagnostic significance of the indicators obtained by the new method of quantitative evaluation of digital data of computed tomography (CT) images of the chest (CT densitovolumetry) in groups of patients with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis, stratified by radiological patterns, in comparison with groups formed according to the classification principle of J.G.Scadding , as well as in comparison with functional pulmonary tests.Materials and methods. Healthy individuals (n=21) and patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis (n=101) were examined. Patients with sarcoidosis were divided into 5 groups according to the J.G.Scadding classification and into 5 groups according to combinations of radiological patterns. The lung function was assessed according to the data of forced expiratory spirometry, body plethysmography, and the study of diffusion capacity and lung volumes. All examined patients underwent a two-stage CT scan of the lungs in the inspiratory and expiratory phases with the measurement of parameters in 3 density ranges.Results. The values of the obtained quantitative indicators, determined by the new method of CT-densitovolumetry, differed from the control values in healthy individuals both in the general group of patients with sarcoidosis, and in separate groups according to the J.G.Scadding classification and groups divided by radiological patterns. As a result, an intergroup statistically significant difference in indicators was determined. Correlations were found between radiometric measurements and lung function variables.Conclusion. A new method of CT-densitovolumetry has identified a diagnostic difference between approaches to stratification of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The results obtained can be treated as a useful tool for the development of a unified radiological classification based on qualitative CT characteristics of pathological changes in pulmonary sarcoidosis.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"99 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72711923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-37-46
D. Naumov, I. Sugaylo, O. Kotova, D. Gassan, Y. Gorchakova, T. Maltseva
Introduction. Macrophages are one of the key cells in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mediating the primary immune response and coordinating the further reaction of the immune system upon contact with cigarette smoke and air pollutants. It is known that some TRP channels expressed on macrophages are receptors for dust particles and cigarette smoke components.Aim. To study the features of TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels expression on monocyte-derived macrophages and alveolar macrophages of COPD patients and smokers without bronchial obstruction.Materials and methods. Expression of TRP channels at the mRNA level was studied in monocyte-derived macrophages obtained from 8 COPD patients and 6 healthy smokers by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Expression of TRP channels at the protein level was studied on alveolar macrophages of 39 COPD patients and 8 healthy smokers by indirect flow cytometry.Results. It was found that under in vitro conditions, monocyte-derive macrophages of COPD patients were distinguished by a significant 4.8-fold increase in the number of TRPV1 transcripts (p=0.009). At the same time, the expression of the TRPV1 protein on the alveolar macrophages of COPD patients was also significantly higher when compared to the cells of smokers from the control group (14.1 [6.4‒21.2]% vs. 6.1 [2.1‒9.8]%, p=0.006). In addition, we found that TRPV4 expression was increased among active smokers with COPD, and the expression of TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels correlated with some lung function parameters.Conclusion. The obtained results suggest that the increased expression of TRPV1 on macrophages may be a marker of the disease and contribute to its development, while the expression of TRPV4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 may influence the clinical course of COPD.
介绍。巨噬细胞是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)发病机制中的关键细胞之一，介导初次免疫反应，协调接触香烟烟雾和空气污染物后免疫系统的进一步反应。巨噬细胞上表达的一些TRP通道是粉尘颗粒和香烟烟雾成分的受体。研究无支气管梗阻的COPD患者及吸烟者单核细胞源性巨噬细胞及肺泡巨噬细胞中TRPV1、TRPV4、TRPA1、TRPM8通道的表达特征。材料和方法。采用定量反转录PCR方法研究了8例COPD患者和6例健康吸烟者单核细胞源性巨噬细胞中TRP通道mRNA水平的表达。用间接流式细胞术研究了39例COPD患者和8例健康吸烟者肺泡巨噬细胞在蛋白水平上TRP通道的表达。研究发现，在体外条件下，COPD患者单核细胞来源的巨噬细胞的TRPV1转录本数量显著增加4.8倍(p=0.009)。同时，COPD患者肺泡巨噬细胞中TRPV1蛋白的表达也明显高于对照组吸烟者(14.1 [6.4-21.2]% vs. 6.1 [2.1-9.8]%， p=0.006)。此外，我们发现活跃吸烟者COPD患者中TRPV4表达升高，TRPA1和TRPM8通道表达与肺功能参数相关。上述结果提示，巨噬细胞上TRPV1的表达升高可能是疾病的一个标志并参与了疾病的发展，而TRPV4、TRPA1和TRPM8的表达可能影响COPD的临床病程。
{"title":"Comparative characteristics of TRP channels expression levels on the macrophages of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"D. Naumov, I. Sugaylo, O. Kotova, D. Gassan, Y. Gorchakova, T. Maltseva","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-37-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-37-46","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Macrophages are one of the key cells in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mediating the primary immune response and coordinating the further reaction of the immune system upon contact with cigarette smoke and air pollutants. It is known that some TRP channels expressed on macrophages are receptors for dust particles and cigarette smoke components.Aim. To study the features of TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels expression on monocyte-derived macrophages and alveolar macrophages of COPD patients and smokers without bronchial obstruction.Materials and methods. Expression of TRP channels at the mRNA level was studied in monocyte-derived macrophages obtained from 8 COPD patients and 6 healthy smokers by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Expression of TRP channels at the protein level was studied on alveolar macrophages of 39 COPD patients and 8 healthy smokers by indirect flow cytometry.Results. It was found that under in vitro conditions, monocyte-derive macrophages of COPD patients were distinguished by a significant 4.8-fold increase in the number of TRPV1 transcripts (p=0.009). At the same time, the expression of the TRPV1 protein on the alveolar macrophages of COPD patients was also significantly higher when compared to the cells of smokers from the control group (14.1 [6.4‒21.2]% vs. 6.1 [2.1‒9.8]%, p=0.006). In addition, we found that TRPV4 expression was increased among active smokers with COPD, and the expression of TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels correlated with some lung function parameters.Conclusion. The obtained results suggest that the increased expression of TRPV1 on macrophages may be a marker of the disease and contribute to its development, while the expression of TRPV4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 may influence the clinical course of COPD.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79332485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-8-18
V. Kolosov, O. Kurganova, J. Perelman, E. V. Polyanskaya, L. Manakov, P. V. Shibalov, B. B. Daraeva, A. Grebenyuk
Introduction. Acute respiratory viral and pneumococcal infections, the incidence of which is associated with high economic costs, are one of the most important problems in epidemiology and pulmonology. Preventive vaccination is a tool for managing the incidence of acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) and pneumococcal infections. The issues of medical and economic efficiency of preventive vaccination are constantly in the field of epidemiological surveillance, and the estimates obtained in this case are a necessary condition for making decisions on the viability of investing in its organization.Aim. Expert assessment and predictive modeling of the potential cost-effectiveness of vaccination with pneumococcal and influenza vaccines in immunocompetent adult patients with different levels of risk of acute and chronic respiratory diseases among the builders of the Amur Gas Processing Plant (GPP).Materials and methods. A complex of studies was carried out using the methods of statistics, epidemiological analysis and monitoring, comparative and economic analysis. Determination of the economic profitability of vaccination was carried out on the basis of methods of comparing “costs” and “benefits”. The surveyed cohort is represented by adults working on the construction of the Amur GPP (Svobodny, Amur Region). The main risk factors and inclusion criteria were the conditions of adverse effects of occupational, social and biological factors on human respiratory health. A set of preventive measures was carried out using methods and means of specific prevention of acute and chronic respiratory diseases: anti-influenza (Ultrix Quadri) and pneumococcal (Prevenar-13) vaccines. Efficacy analysis was carried out for 20-, 40- and 60-year-old patients with 1, 2 and 3 risk factors in accordance with the methods of its medical, social and economic evaluation. A retrospective determination of the cases of diseases (deaths) and economic damage prevented as a result of vaccination was carried out on the basis of the difference in morbidity (mortality) rates for the period preceding vaccination and for the period following vaccination. When constructing a predictive model for evaluating the effectiveness of vaccine prevention of respiratory infections, expert assessments, legal documents and the methodology of individual researchers were used.Results. The predicted incidence of pneumonia among the builders of the Amur GPP, taking into account all risk factors, can be 32.3‰. At the same time, the total volume of prevented predictive incidence of pneumonia in the post-vaccination period only with the use of pneumococcal vaccine can be 26.5‰, reducing the initial incidence rate by 5.5 times. As a result of the calculations and economic assessment, it was found that the total (direct and indirect) economic costs of the state and the plant (economic damage) with the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the working-age population (20-60 years) on the territory of th
{"title":"Analysis of medical and economic efficiency of vaccine prevention of respiratory diseases among builders of the Amur Gas Processing Plant using expert assessments and methods of predictive modeling","authors":"V. Kolosov, O. Kurganova, J. Perelman, E. V. Polyanskaya, L. Manakov, P. V. Shibalov, B. B. Daraeva, A. Grebenyuk","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-8-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-8-18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Acute respiratory viral and pneumococcal infections, the incidence of which is associated with high economic costs, are one of the most important problems in epidemiology and pulmonology. Preventive vaccination is a tool for managing the incidence of acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) and pneumococcal infections. The issues of medical and economic efficiency of preventive vaccination are constantly in the field of epidemiological surveillance, and the estimates obtained in this case are a necessary condition for making decisions on the viability of investing in its organization.Aim. Expert assessment and predictive modeling of the potential cost-effectiveness of vaccination with pneumococcal and influenza vaccines in immunocompetent adult patients with different levels of risk of acute and chronic respiratory diseases among the builders of the Amur Gas Processing Plant (GPP).Materials and methods. A complex of studies was carried out using the methods of statistics, epidemiological analysis and monitoring, comparative and economic analysis. Determination of the economic profitability of vaccination was carried out on the basis of methods of comparing “costs” and “benefits”. The surveyed cohort is represented by adults working on the construction of the Amur GPP (Svobodny, Amur Region). The main risk factors and inclusion criteria were the conditions of adverse effects of occupational, social and biological factors on human respiratory health. A set of preventive measures was carried out using methods and means of specific prevention of acute and chronic respiratory diseases: anti-influenza (Ultrix Quadri) and pneumococcal (Prevenar-13) vaccines. Efficacy analysis was carried out for 20-, 40- and 60-year-old patients with 1, 2 and 3 risk factors in accordance with the methods of its medical, social and economic evaluation. A retrospective determination of the cases of diseases (deaths) and economic damage prevented as a result of vaccination was carried out on the basis of the difference in morbidity (mortality) rates for the period preceding vaccination and for the period following vaccination. When constructing a predictive model for evaluating the effectiveness of vaccine prevention of respiratory infections, expert assessments, legal documents and the methodology of individual researchers were used.Results. The predicted incidence of pneumonia among the builders of the Amur GPP, taking into account all risk factors, can be 32.3‰. At the same time, the total volume of prevented predictive incidence of pneumonia in the post-vaccination period only with the use of pneumococcal vaccine can be 26.5‰, reducing the initial incidence rate by 5.5 times. As a result of the calculations and economic assessment, it was found that the total (direct and indirect) economic costs of the state and the plant (economic damage) with the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the working-age population (20-60 years) on the territory of th","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76550086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-09DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-84-63-69
A. V. Кucher, S. V. Khodus, O. Prikhodko
Aim. To assess the prognostic significance of hematological parameters of endogenous intoxication syndrome at the stage of routing patients with pneumonia associated with COVID-19.Materials and methods. 146 case histories of patients were analyzed, divided into 2 groups: patients who were referred for treatment to intensive care units based on the results of routing in the admission and diagnostic department (ADD) and patients referred for treatment to pulmonology departments. Upon admission of patients to the hospital, according to the case histories at the stage of ADD, an assessment of the clinical blood test was made, the calculation of hematological indicators of intoxication. Based on the data obtained, a ROC analysis was performed to determine the prognostic significance of hematological indicators of intoxication.Results. In patients who were in intensive care units, at the stage of sorting in the ADD, the concentration of leukocytes and the percentage of neutrophils were higher by 25.9 and 16.2%, respectively, in comparison with patients referred for treatment to the pulmonology departments, however, the percentage of lymphocytes and the quantitative concentration of erythrocytes was lower by 26.6 and 8.3%, respectively. The integral indicator of intoxication in patients in intensive care was higher by 38.6%, the leukocyte index of intoxication by 74.3% and the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes by 81.5%. In patients of the same group, the index of the ratio of neutrophils to monocytes was lower by 28.7%, the index of the ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes by 44.9%. The sensitivity of the integral indicator of intoxication was 73.3%, the specificity was 51.2%; in the leukocyte index of intoxication – 57.3 and 51.2%, respectively; the sensitivity of the index of the ratio of neutrophils to monocytes was 57.3%, the specificity was 59.1%; the same figures for the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes were 68 and 60%, respectively.Conclusion. It can be concluded that there is a rather high clinical prognostic value in the routing of patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID- 19 at the stage of initial examination in the ADD, such hematological parameters of intoxication as the integral index of intoxication and the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes. We believe that hematological indicators of intoxication can complement prognostic scales and be used as another criterion in determining the routing of patients in ADD.
{"title":"Analysis of indicators of endogenous intoxication in patients with communityacquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19","authors":"A. V. Кucher, S. V. Khodus, O. Prikhodko","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-84-63-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-84-63-69","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the prognostic significance of hematological parameters of endogenous intoxication syndrome at the stage of routing patients with pneumonia associated with COVID-19.Materials and methods. 146 case histories of patients were analyzed, divided into 2 groups: patients who were referred for treatment to intensive care units based on the results of routing in the admission and diagnostic department (ADD) and patients referred for treatment to pulmonology departments. Upon admission of patients to the hospital, according to the case histories at the stage of ADD, an assessment of the clinical blood test was made, the calculation of hematological indicators of intoxication. Based on the data obtained, a ROC analysis was performed to determine the prognostic significance of hematological indicators of intoxication.Results. In patients who were in intensive care units, at the stage of sorting in the ADD, the concentration of leukocytes and the percentage of neutrophils were higher by 25.9 and 16.2%, respectively, in comparison with patients referred for treatment to the pulmonology departments, however, the percentage of lymphocytes and the quantitative concentration of erythrocytes was lower by 26.6 and 8.3%, respectively. The integral indicator of intoxication in patients in intensive care was higher by 38.6%, the leukocyte index of intoxication by 74.3% and the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes by 81.5%. In patients of the same group, the index of the ratio of neutrophils to monocytes was lower by 28.7%, the index of the ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes by 44.9%. The sensitivity of the integral indicator of intoxication was 73.3%, the specificity was 51.2%; in the leukocyte index of intoxication – 57.3 and 51.2%, respectively; the sensitivity of the index of the ratio of neutrophils to monocytes was 57.3%, the specificity was 59.1%; the same figures for the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes were 68 and 60%, respectively.Conclusion. It can be concluded that there is a rather high clinical prognostic value in the routing of patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID- 19 at the stage of initial examination in the ADD, such hematological parameters of intoxication as the integral index of intoxication and the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes. We believe that hematological indicators of intoxication can complement prognostic scales and be used as another criterion in determining the routing of patients in ADD.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91046836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-09DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-84-127-136
A. Shulga
Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death, both in Russia and in most other countries, and the problem of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19 is currently extremely important.Aim. To summarize the literature data on patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19.Results. The article presents a literature review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases on the patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19. The pathogenetic relationship of the viral spike S-protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the mechanisms of regulation of the cardiovascular and immune systems was shown. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the formation of inflammation and fibrosis in cardiovascular pathology has been determined. The changes in the cardiovascular system against the background of COVID-19 were demonstrated. The basic principles of the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with endotheliocytes and cardiomyocytes, the mechanisms of inflammatory reactions that underlie the development of cardiovascular pathology in COVID-19 are described.Conclusion. An analysis of current data regarding damage to the cardiovascular system in COVID-19 led to the conclusion that, despite considerable achievements in this field of research, many aspects are not fully understood and require further study. The practical significance of this review is determined in the identification of potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of complications in COVID-19, as well as in expanding the possibilities of diagnosing SARS-CoV-2. Probably the crucial importance to reduce complications, as well as associated mortality, is the development of an effective method for modulating the immune response.
{"title":"Patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19 (brief review)","authors":"A. Shulga","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-84-127-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-84-127-136","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death, both in Russia and in most other countries, and the problem of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19 is currently extremely important.Aim. To summarize the literature data on patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19.Results. The article presents a literature review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases on the patterns of development of cardiovascular disorders in patients with COVID-19. The pathogenetic relationship of the viral spike S-protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the mechanisms of regulation of the cardiovascular and immune systems was shown. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the formation of inflammation and fibrosis in cardiovascular pathology has been determined. The changes in the cardiovascular system against the background of COVID-19 were demonstrated. The basic principles of the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with endotheliocytes and cardiomyocytes, the mechanisms of inflammatory reactions that underlie the development of cardiovascular pathology in COVID-19 are described.Conclusion. An analysis of current data regarding damage to the cardiovascular system in COVID-19 led to the conclusion that, despite considerable achievements in this field of research, many aspects are not fully understood and require further study. The practical significance of this review is determined in the identification of potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of complications in COVID-19, as well as in expanding the possibilities of diagnosing SARS-CoV-2. Probably the crucial importance to reduce complications, as well as associated mortality, is the development of an effective method for modulating the immune response.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79537741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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