Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.003
Qiwen Dong, Stephen Harper, Emma McSpadden, Sophie S. Son, Marie-Maude Allen, Huaiying Lin, Rita C. Smith, Carolyn Metcalfe, Victoria Burgo, Che Woodson, Anitha Sundararajan, Amber Rose, Mary McMillin, David Moran, Jessica Little, Michael W. Mullowney, Ashley M. Sidebottom, Louis-Charles Fortier, Aimee Shen, Eric G. Pamer
Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare infections. Gut dysbiosis promotes C. difficile infection (CDI) and CDIs promote gut dysbiosis, leading to frequent CDI recurrence. Although therapies preventing recurrent CDI have been developed, including live biotherapeutic products, existing therapies are costly and do not prevent primary infections. Here, we show that an avirulent C. difficile isolate, ST1-75, protects mice from developing colitis induced by a virulent R20291 strain when coinfected at a 1:1 ratio. In metabolic analyses, avirulent ST1-75 depletes amino acids more rapidly than virulent R20291 and supplementation with amino acids ablates this competitive advantage, indicating that ST1-75 limits the growth of virulent R20291 through amino acid depletion. Overall, our study identifies inter-strain nutrient depletion as a potentially exploitable mechanism to reduce the incidence of CDI and reveals that the ST1-75 strain may be a biotherapeutic agent that can prevent CDI in high-risk patients.
{"title":"Protection against Clostridioides difficile disease by a naturally avirulent strain","authors":"Qiwen Dong, Stephen Harper, Emma McSpadden, Sophie S. Son, Marie-Maude Allen, Huaiying Lin, Rita C. Smith, Carolyn Metcalfe, Victoria Burgo, Che Woodson, Anitha Sundararajan, Amber Rose, Mary McMillin, David Moran, Jessica Little, Michael W. Mullowney, Ashley M. Sidebottom, Louis-Charles Fortier, Aimee Shen, Eric G. Pamer","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Clostridioides difficile</em> is a leading cause of healthcare infections. Gut dysbiosis promotes <em>C. difficile</em> infection (CDI) and CDIs promote gut dysbiosis, leading to frequent CDI recurrence. Although therapies preventing recurrent CDI have been developed, including live biotherapeutic products, existing therapies are costly and do not prevent primary infections. Here, we show that an avirulent <em>C. difficile</em> isolate, ST1-75, protects mice from developing colitis induced by a virulent R20291 strain when coinfected at a 1:1 ratio. In metabolic analyses, avirulent ST1-75 depletes amino acids more rapidly than virulent R20291 and supplementation with amino acids ablates this competitive advantage, indicating that ST1-75 limits the growth of virulent R20291 through amino acid depletion. Overall, our study identifies inter-strain nutrient depletion as a potentially exploitable mechanism to reduce the incidence of CDI and reveals that the ST1-75 strain may be a biotherapeutic agent that can prevent CDI in high-risk patients.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cholestatic liver disease (CLD) is a common liver disorder with limited treatment options. Here, we demonstrate that zinc (Zn) supplementation can alter the gut microbiome to mitigate cholestatic liver injury. Oral Zn altered the microbiota of mice and humans (this study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov [NCT05597137]), increasing the abundance of Blautia producta (B. producta) and promoting the generation of p-coumaric acid. Additionally, p-coumaric acid concentrations were negatively correlated with liver injury parameters in CLD patients. In mice, the protective effects of Zn were partially mediated by p-coumaric acid, which directly bound to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes, thus preventing hepatocyte cell death and liver damage. Additionally, knocking out the histidine ammonia-lyase, which catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to p-coumaric acid in B. producta, blunted the protective effects of Zn. These findings highlight a host-microbiota interaction that is stimulated by Zn supplementation, providing potential benefits for CLD.
胆汁淤积性肝病（CLD）是一种常见的肝脏疾病，治疗方法有限。在这里，我们证明了补充锌（Zn）可以改变肠道微生物群，从而减轻胆汁淤积性肝损伤。口服锌可改变小鼠和人类的微生物群（该研究已在 clinicaltrials.gov [NCT05597137] 注册），增加产品鳢（B. producta）的丰度并促进对香豆酸的生成。此外，对香豆酸的浓度与CLD患者的肝损伤参数呈负相关。在小鼠中，锌的保护作用部分由对香豆酸介导，对香豆酸直接与烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）氧化酶 2（NOX2）结合，抑制肝细胞中活性氧（ROS）的产生，从而防止肝细胞死亡和肝损伤。此外，敲除 B. producta 中催化酪氨酸转化为对香豆酸的组氨酸氨化酶也削弱了锌的保护作用。这些发现突显了宿主与微生物群之间的相互作用，补充锌可刺激宿主与微生物群之间的相互作用，从而为慢性阻塞性肺病提供潜在的益处。
{"title":"Zinc promotes microbial p-coumaric acid production that protects against cholestatic liver injury","authors":"Dongping Li, Meijuan Wan, Lanfeng Xue, Zhelin Zhang, Yifeng Qiu, Fengyi Mei, Niexing Tang, Chunxiao Yu, Yao Yu, Tianqi Chen, Xing Ding, Qin Yang, Qiuyan Liu, Peng Gu, Wei Jia, Yu Chen, Peng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"Cholestatic liver disease (CLD) is a common liver disorder with limited treatment options. Here, we demonstrate that zinc (Zn) supplementation can alter the gut microbiome to mitigate cholestatic liver injury. Oral Zn altered the microbiota of mice and humans (this study was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span> [NCT05597137]), increasing the abundance of <em>Blautia producta</em> (<em>B. producta</em>) and promoting the generation of p-coumaric acid. Additionally, p-coumaric acid concentrations were negatively correlated with liver injury parameters in CLD patients. In mice, the protective effects of Zn were partially mediated by p-coumaric acid, which directly bound to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatocytes, thus preventing hepatocyte cell death and liver damage. Additionally, knocking out the histidine ammonia-lyase, which catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to p-coumaric acid in <em>B. producta</em>, blunted the protective effects of Zn. These findings highlight a host-microbiota interaction that is stimulated by Zn supplementation, providing potential benefits for CLD.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.020
Nick Dunken, Heidi Widmer, Gerd U. Balcke, Henryk Straube, Gregor Langen, Nyasha M. Charura, Pia Saake, Concetta De Quattro, Jonas Schön, Hanna Rövenich, Stephan Wawra, Mamoona Khan, Armin Djamei, Matias D. Zurbriggen, Alain Tissier, Claus-Peter Witte, Alga Zuccaro
The intracellular colonization of plant roots by the beneficial fungal endophyte Serendipita indica follows a biphasic strategy, including a host cell death phase that enables successful colonization of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. How host cell death is initiated and controlled is largely unknown. Here, we show that two fungal enzymes, the ecto-5′-nucleotidase SiE5NT and the nuclease SiNucA, act synergistically in the apoplast at the onset of cell death to produce deoxyadenosine (dAdo). The uptake of extracellular dAdo but not the structurally related adenosine activates cell death via the equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3. We identified a previously uncharacterized Toll-like interleukin 1 receptor (TIR)-nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) protein, ISI (induced by S. indica), as an intracellular factor that affects host cell death, fungal colonization, and growth promotion. Our data show that the combined activity of two fungal apoplastic enzymes promotes the production of a metabolite that engages TIR-NLR-modulated pathways to induce plant cell death, providing a link to immunometabolism in plants.
{"title":"A nucleoside signal generated by a fungal endophyte regulates host cell death and promotes root colonization","authors":"Nick Dunken, Heidi Widmer, Gerd U. Balcke, Henryk Straube, Gregor Langen, Nyasha M. Charura, Pia Saake, Concetta De Quattro, Jonas Schön, Hanna Rövenich, Stephan Wawra, Mamoona Khan, Armin Djamei, Matias D. Zurbriggen, Alain Tissier, Claus-Peter Witte, Alga Zuccaro","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"The intracellular colonization of plant roots by the beneficial fungal endophyte <em>Serendipita indica</em> follows a biphasic strategy, including a host cell death phase that enables successful colonization of <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> roots. How host cell death is initiated and controlled is largely unknown. Here, we show that two fungal enzymes, the ecto-5′-nucleotidase <em>Si</em>E5NT and the nuclease <em>Si</em>NucA, act synergistically in the apoplast at the onset of cell death to produce deoxyadenosine (dAdo). The uptake of extracellular dAdo but not the structurally related adenosine activates cell death via the equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3. We identified a previously uncharacterized Toll-like interleukin 1 receptor (TIR)-nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) protein, ISI (induced by <em>S. indica</em>), as an intracellular factor that affects host cell death, fungal colonization, and growth promotion. Our data show that the combined activity of two fungal apoplastic enzymes promotes the production of a metabolite that engages TIR-NLR-modulated pathways to induce plant cell death, providing a link to immunometabolism in plants.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142713100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.001
Carlo Pietrasanta, Carolina Carlosama, Michela Lizier, Giulia Fornasa, Tanja Rezzonico Jost, Sara Carloni, Silvia Giugliano, Alessandra Silvestri, Paola Brescia, Benedetta De Ponte Conti, Daniele Braga, Martin Mihula, Lavinia Morosi, Alessandro Bernardinello, Andrea Ronchi, Giuseppe Martano, Fabio Mosca, Giuseppe Penna, Fabio Grassi, Lorenza Pugni, Maria Rescigno
Antibiotics (Abx) are administered to 20%–30% of pregnant women, but their effects on neonatal immune development are poorly understood. We show that newborn mice born to Abx-treated dams are more susceptible to late-onset sepsis. This susceptibility is linked to lower maternal breast milk immunoglobulin A (IgA), neonatal fecal IgA, and IgA coating of intestinal bacteria, thus causing the translocation of intestinal pathobionts. Weaned young adults born to Abx-treated mothers had reduced IgA+ plasma cells in the ileum and colon, fecal secretory IgA (SIgA), colonic CD4+ T regulatory lymphocytes and T helper 17-like lymphocytes, and a less diverse fecal microbiome. However, treatment with apyrase, which restores SIgA secretion, prompted IgA production in breast milk and protected pups from sepsis. Additionally, breast milk from untreated mothers rescued the phenotypes of pups born to Abx-treated mothers. Our data highlight the impact of prenatal Abx on breast milk IgA and their long-term influence on intestinal mucosal immune function mediated by breastfeeding.
20%-30%的孕妇会服用抗生素（Abx），但人们对抗生素对新生儿免疫系统发育的影响知之甚少。我们的研究表明，服用过抗生素的母鼠所生的新生小鼠更容易患晚期败血症。这种易感性与较低的母体母乳免疫球蛋白 A (IgA)、新生儿粪便 IgA 和肠道细菌的 IgA 涂层有关，从而导致肠道病原菌的转移。经 Abx 处理的母亲所生的断奶后的年轻成人回肠和结肠中的 IgA+ 浆细胞、粪便分泌型 IgA（SIgA）、结肠 CD4+ T 调节性淋巴细胞和 T 辅助细胞 17 样淋巴细胞减少，粪便微生物群的多样性降低。然而，使用能恢复 SIgA 分泌的 apyrase 治疗可促进母乳中 IgA 的分泌，并保护幼崽免受败血症的影响。此外，未接受过治疗的母亲所产的母乳可挽救接受过 Abx 治疗的母亲所生幼崽的表型。我们的数据强调了产前 Abx 对母乳 IgA 的影响，以及它们对母乳喂养所介导的肠粘膜免疫功能的长期影响。
{"title":"Prenatal antibiotics reduce breast milk IgA and induce dysbiosis in mouse offspring, increasing neonatal susceptibility to bacterial sepsis","authors":"Carlo Pietrasanta, Carolina Carlosama, Michela Lizier, Giulia Fornasa, Tanja Rezzonico Jost, Sara Carloni, Silvia Giugliano, Alessandra Silvestri, Paola Brescia, Benedetta De Ponte Conti, Daniele Braga, Martin Mihula, Lavinia Morosi, Alessandro Bernardinello, Andrea Ronchi, Giuseppe Martano, Fabio Mosca, Giuseppe Penna, Fabio Grassi, Lorenza Pugni, Maria Rescigno","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics (Abx) are administered to 20%–30% of pregnant women, but their effects on neonatal immune development are poorly understood. We show that newborn mice born to Abx-treated dams are more susceptible to late-onset sepsis. This susceptibility is linked to lower maternal breast milk immunoglobulin A (IgA), neonatal fecal IgA, and IgA coating of intestinal bacteria, thus causing the translocation of intestinal pathobionts. Weaned young adults born to Abx-treated mothers had reduced IgA+ plasma cells in the ileum and colon, fecal secretory IgA (SIgA), colonic CD4<sup>+</sup> T regulatory lymphocytes and T helper 17-like lymphocytes, and a less diverse fecal microbiome. However, treatment with apyrase, which restores SIgA secretion, prompted IgA production in breast milk and protected pups from sepsis. Additionally, breast milk from untreated mothers rescued the phenotypes of pups born to Abx-treated mothers. Our data highlight the impact of prenatal Abx on breast milk IgA and their long-term influence on intestinal mucosal immune function mediated by breastfeeding.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"4688 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142713101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.017
Ye Peng, Jie Zhu, Shilan Wang, Yingzhi Liu, Xin Liu, Orlando DeLeon, Wenyi Zhu, Zhilu Xu, Xi Zhang, Shilin Zhao, Suisha Liang, Hang Li, Brian Ho, Jessica Yuet-Ling Ching, Chun Pan Cheung, Ting Fan Leung, Wing Hung Tam, Tak Yeung Leung, Eugene B. Chang, Francis Ka Leung Chan, Hein Min Tun
Existing microbiota databases are biased toward adult samples, hampering accurate profiling of the infant gut microbiome. Here, we generated a metagenome-assembled genome inventory for children (MAGIC) from a large collection of bulk and viral-like particle-enriched metagenomes from 0 to 7 years of age, encompassing 3,299 prokaryotic and 139,624 viral species-level genomes, 8.5% and 63.9% of which are unique to MAGIC. MAGIC improves early-life microbiome profiling, with the greatest improvement in read mapping observed in Africans. We then identified 54 candidate keystone species, including several Bifidobacterium spp. and four phages, forming guilds that fluctuated in abundance with time. Their abundances were reduced in preterm infants and were associated with childhood allergies. By analyzing the B. longum pangenome, we found evidence of phage-mediated evolution and quorum sensing-related ecological adaptation. Together, the MAGIC database recovers genomes that enable characterization of the dynamics of early-life microbiomes, identification of candidate keystone species, and strain-level study of target species.
{"title":"A metagenome-assembled genome inventory for children reveals early-life gut bacteriome and virome dynamics","authors":"Ye Peng, Jie Zhu, Shilan Wang, Yingzhi Liu, Xin Liu, Orlando DeLeon, Wenyi Zhu, Zhilu Xu, Xi Zhang, Shilin Zhao, Suisha Liang, Hang Li, Brian Ho, Jessica Yuet-Ling Ching, Chun Pan Cheung, Ting Fan Leung, Wing Hung Tam, Tak Yeung Leung, Eugene B. Chang, Francis Ka Leung Chan, Hein Min Tun","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"Existing microbiota databases are biased toward adult samples, hampering accurate profiling of the infant gut microbiome. Here, we generated a metagenome-assembled genome inventory for children (MAGIC) from a large collection of bulk and viral-like particle-enriched metagenomes from 0 to 7 years of age, encompassing 3,299 prokaryotic and 139,624 viral species-level genomes, 8.5% and 63.9% of which are unique to MAGIC. MAGIC improves early-life microbiome profiling, with the greatest improvement in read mapping observed in Africans. We then identified 54 candidate keystone species, including several <em>Bifidobacterium</em> spp. and four phages, forming guilds that fluctuated in abundance with time. Their abundances were reduced in preterm infants and were associated with childhood allergies. By analyzing the <em>B. longum</em> pangenome, we found evidence of phage-mediated evolution and quorum sensing-related ecological adaptation. Together, the MAGIC database recovers genomes that enable characterization of the dynamics of early-life microbiomes, identification of candidate keystone species, and strain-level study of target species.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.016
James Brett Case, Shilpa Sanapala, Carly Dillen, Victoria Rhodes, Christian Zmasek, Taras M. Chicz, Charlotte E. Switzer, Suzanne M. Scheaffer, George Georgiev, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Blake M. Hauser, Déborah Carolina Carvalho Dos Anjos, Lucas J. Adams, Nadia Soudani, Chieh-Yu Liang, Baoling Ying, Ryan P. McNamara, Richard H. Scheuermann, Adrianus C.M. Boon, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond
The continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the threat of future Sarbecovirus zoonoses have spurred the design of vaccines that can induce broad immunity against multiple coronaviruses. Here, we use computational methods to infer ancestral phylogenetic reconstructions of receptor binding domain (RBD) sequences across multiple Sarbecovirus clades and incorporate them into a multivalent adenoviral-vectored vaccine. Mice immunized with this pan-Sarbecovirus vaccine are protected in the upper and lower respiratory tracts against infection by historical and contemporary SARS-CoV-2 variants, SARS-CoV, and pre-emergent SHC014 and Pangolin/GD coronavirus strains. Using genetic and immunological approaches, we demonstrate that vaccine-induced protection unexpectedly is conferred principally by CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-mediated anamnestic responses. Importantly, prior mRNA vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection does not alter the efficacy of the mucosally delivered pan-Sarbecovirus vaccine. These data highlight the promise of a phylogenetic approach for antigen and vaccine design against existing and pre-emergent Sarbecoviruses with pandemic potential.
{"title":"A trivalent mucosal vaccine encoding phylogenetically inferred ancestral RBD sequences confers pan-Sarbecovirus protection in mice","authors":"James Brett Case, Shilpa Sanapala, Carly Dillen, Victoria Rhodes, Christian Zmasek, Taras M. Chicz, Charlotte E. Switzer, Suzanne M. Scheaffer, George Georgiev, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Blake M. Hauser, Déborah Carolina Carvalho Dos Anjos, Lucas J. Adams, Nadia Soudani, Chieh-Yu Liang, Baoling Ying, Ryan P. McNamara, Richard H. Scheuermann, Adrianus C.M. Boon, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"The continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the threat of future Sarbecovirus zoonoses have spurred the design of vaccines that can induce broad immunity against multiple coronaviruses. Here, we use computational methods to infer ancestral phylogenetic reconstructions of receptor binding domain (RBD) sequences across multiple Sarbecovirus clades and incorporate them into a multivalent adenoviral-vectored vaccine. Mice immunized with this pan-Sarbecovirus vaccine are protected in the upper and lower respiratory tracts against infection by historical and contemporary SARS-CoV-2 variants, SARS-CoV, and pre-emergent SHC014 and Pangolin/GD coronavirus strains. Using genetic and immunological approaches, we demonstrate that vaccine-induced protection unexpectedly is conferred principally by CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell-mediated anamnestic responses. Importantly, prior mRNA vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection does not alter the efficacy of the mucosally delivered pan-Sarbecovirus vaccine. These data highlight the promise of a phylogenetic approach for antigen and vaccine design against existing and pre-emergent Sarbecoviruses with pandemic potential.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.015
Chenyu Sun, Bin Sun, Lin Chen, Meilin Zhang, Pingping Lu, Mengfan Wu, Quanhong Xue, Qiao Guo, Dejian Tang, Hangxian Lai
Root exudates can benefit plant growth and health by reshaping the rhizosphere microbiome. Whether nanoparticles biosynthesized by rhizosphere microbes play a similar role in plant microbiome manipulation remains enigmatic. Herein, we collect elemental selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) from selenobacteria associated with maize roots. In vitro and soil assays show that the SeNPs enhanced plant performance by recruiting plant growth-promoting bacteria (e.g., Bacillus) in a dose-dependent manner. Multiomic profilings unravel a cross-kingdom-signaling cascade that mediates efficient biosynthesis of SeNPs by selenobacteria. Specifically, maize roots perceive histamine signaling from Bacillus spp., which stimulates the plant to produce p-coumarate via root exudation. The rpoS gene in selenobacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas sp. ZY71) responds to p-coumarate signaling and positively regulates the biosynthesis of SeNPs. This study demonstrates a novel mechanism for recruiting host-beneficial soil microbes by microbially synthesized nanoparticles and unlocks promising possibilities for plant microbiome manipulation.
{"title":"Harnessing biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles for recruitment of beneficial soil microbes to plant roots","authors":"Chenyu Sun, Bin Sun, Lin Chen, Meilin Zhang, Pingping Lu, Mengfan Wu, Quanhong Xue, Qiao Guo, Dejian Tang, Hangxian Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"Root exudates can benefit plant growth and health by reshaping the rhizosphere microbiome. Whether nanoparticles biosynthesized by rhizosphere microbes play a similar role in plant microbiome manipulation remains enigmatic. Herein, we collect elemental selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) from selenobacteria associated with maize roots. <em>In vitro</em> and soil assays show that the SeNPs enhanced plant performance by recruiting plant growth-promoting bacteria (e.g., <em>Bacillus</em>) in a dose-dependent manner. Multiomic profilings unravel a cross-kingdom-signaling cascade that mediates efficient biosynthesis of SeNPs by selenobacteria. Specifically, maize roots perceive histamine signaling from <em>Bacillus</em> spp., which stimulates the plant to produce <em>p</em>-coumarate via root exudation. The <em>rpoS</em> gene in selenobacteria (e.g., <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp. ZY71) responds to <em>p</em>-coumarate signaling and positively regulates the biosynthesis of SeNPs. This study demonstrates a novel mechanism for recruiting host-beneficial soil microbes by microbially synthesized nanoparticles and unlocks promising possibilities for plant microbiome manipulation.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.007
Alexandra Grote
Tuberculosis remains a formidable global health challenge, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis responsible for millions of cases and deaths annually. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Worakitchanon et al. present a method to identify structural variants in Mtb and explore associations with bacterial phenotypes such as virulence and antibiotic resistance.
{"title":"INDELible impact: How structural variants drive virulence and resistance","authors":"Alexandra Grote","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis remains a formidable global health challenge, with <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> responsible for millions of cases and deaths annually. In this issue of <em>Cell Host & Microbe</em>, Worakitchanon et al. present a method to identify structural variants in Mtb and explore associations with bacterial phenotypes such as virulence and antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.010
Elena Monzel, Mahesh S. Desai
The functions of non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) within the human microbiome remain largely unexplored. In this Cell Host & Microbe issue, El Mouali et al. identify Segatella RNA colonization factor (SrcF), a sRNA from a prevalent gut bacterium Segatella copri. SrcF promotes colonization of S. copri by regulating bacterial degradation of complex dietary carbohydrates.
{"title":"Bacterial small RNA makes a big impact for gut colonization","authors":"Elena Monzel, Mahesh S. Desai","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"The functions of non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) within the human microbiome remain largely unexplored. In this <em>Cell Host & Microbe</em> issue, El Mouali et al. identify <em>Segatella</em> RNA colonization factor (SrcF), a sRNA from a prevalent gut bacterium <em>Segatella copri</em>. SrcF promotes colonization of <em>S. copri</em> by regulating bacterial degradation of complex dietary carbohydrates.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.011
Wei Peng, Kim Orth
Microcins are antibacterial small proteins secreted by gram-negative bacteria. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Kim et al. report the discovery of a V. cholerae microcin, MvcC. MvcC shows antibacterial activity against non-self V. cholerae strains, which do not encode the cognate immunity protein.
{"title":"A small microcin plays a big role in V. cholerae interbacterial competition","authors":"Wei Peng, Kim Orth","doi":"10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"Microcins are antibacterial small proteins secreted by gram-negative bacteria. In this issue of <em>Cell Host & Microbe</em>, Kim et al. report the discovery of a <em>V. cholerae</em> microcin, MvcC. MvcC shows antibacterial activity against non-self <em>V. cholerae</em> strains, which do not encode the cognate immunity protein.","PeriodicalId":9693,"journal":{"name":"Cell host & microbe","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":30.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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