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Retention of ES cell-derived 129S genome drives NLRP1 hypersensitivity and transcriptional deregulation in Nlrp3tm1Flv mice 保留 ES 细胞衍生的 129S 基因组会导致 Nlrp3tm1Flv 小鼠 NLRP1 超敏和转录失调
IF 12.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01379-2
Felix D. Weiss, Yubell Alvarez, Farhad Shakeri, Anshupa Sahu, Petro Leka, Alesja Dernst, Jessika Rollheiser, Matilde Vasconcelos, Adriana Geraci, Fraser Duthie, Rainer Stahl, Hye Eun Lee, Anne-Kathrin Gellner, Andreas Buness, Eicke Latz, Felix Meissner

Immune response genes are highly polymorphic in humans and mice, with heterogeneity amongst loci driving strain-specific host defence responses. The inadvertent retention of polymorphic loci can introduce confounding phenotypes, leading to erroneous conclusions, and impeding scientific advancement. In this study, we employ a combination of RNAseq and variant calling analyses to identify a substantial region of 129S genome, including the highly polymorphic Nlrp1 locus, proximal to Nlrp3, in one of the most commonly used mouse models of NLRP3 deficiency (Nlrp3tm1Flv). We show that the presence of the Nlrp1129S locus leads to an increase in NLRP1B protein expression, and a sensitising of Nlrp3tm1Flv macrophages to NLRP1 inflammasome activation, independent of NLRP3 deficiency. Retention of 129S genome further leads to protein sequence differences and altered gene regulation across multiple cell types, including of the key tissue-resident macrophage marker, TIM4. Using alternative models of NLRP3 deficiency, including a previously undescribed conditional Nlrp3 allele enabling precise temporal and cell-type specific control over Nlrp3 deletion, we further show that NLRP3 contributes to Talabostat-driven IL-1β release. Our study also establishes a generic framework to identify functionally relevant SNPs and assess genomic contamination in transgenic mice using RNAseq data. This allows for unambiguous attribution of phenotypes to the target gene and advances the precision and reliability of research in the field of host defence responses.

人类和小鼠的免疫反应基因具有高度的多态性,不同基因座之间的异质性驱动着菌株特异性的宿主防御反应。无意中保留的多态性位点会带来混杂的表型,导致错误的结论,阻碍科学进步。在这项研究中,我们结合使用了 RNAseq 和变异调用分析,在最常用的 NLRP3 缺乏症小鼠模型之一(Nlrp3tm1Flv)中鉴定了 129S 基因组的一个重要区域,包括 Nlrp3 近端高度多态的 Nlrp1 基因座。我们的研究表明,Nlrp1129S 基因座的存在导致 NLRP1B 蛋白表达增加,并使 Nlrp3tm1Flv 巨噬细胞对 NLRP1 炎症小体的激活敏感,而与 NLRP3 缺乏无关。129S 基因组的保留进一步导致蛋白质序列差异和多种细胞类型基因调控的改变,包括关键的组织驻留巨噬细胞标记物 TIM4。利用 NLRP3 缺乏症的替代模型,包括以前未曾描述过的条件性 Nlrp3 等位基因,对 Nlrp3 缺失进行精确的时间和细胞类型特异性控制,我们进一步表明 NLRP3 对 Talabostat 驱动的 IL-1β 释放做出了贡献。我们的研究还建立了一个通用框架,利用 RNAseq 数据鉴定功能相关的 SNPs 并评估转基因小鼠的基因组污染。这样就能将表型明确归因于目标基因,提高宿主防御反应领域研究的精确性和可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Feeding cancer to death - a triad of aromatic acids reduces tumor growth 喂死癌症--三重芳香酸可减少肿瘤生长
IF 13.7 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01372-9
Audrey Xavier, Ivan Dikic
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引用次数: 0
The E3 ligase ASB3 downregulates antiviral innate immunity by targeting MAVS for ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation E3连接酶ASB3通过靶向泛素-蛋白酶体降解MAVS来下调抗病毒先天免疫能力
IF 12.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01376-5
Mingyang Cheng, Yiyuan Lu, Jiarui Wang, Haixu Wang, Yu Sun, Wenhui Zhao, Junhong Wang, Chunwei Shi, Jiawei Luo, Ming Gao, Tianxin Yu, Jianzhong Wang, Jiayao Guan, Nan Wang, Wentao Yang, Yanlong Jiang, Haibin Huang, Guilian Yang, Xin Cao, Dongqin Yang, Chunfeng Wang, Yan Zeng

E3 ubiquitin ligases are very important for regulating antiviral immunity during viral infection. Here, we discovered that Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 3 (ASB3), an E3 ligase, are upregulated in the presence of RNA viruses, particularly influenza A virus (IAV). Notably, overexpression of ASB3 inhibits type I IFN (IFN-I) responses induced by Sendai virus (SeV) and IAV, and ablation of ASB3 restores SeV and H9N2 infection-mediated transcription of IFN-β and its downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Interestingly, animals lacking ASB3 presented decreased susceptibility to H9N2 and H1N1 infections. Mechanistically, ASB3 interacts with MAVS and directly mediates K48-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of MAVS at K297, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3 and downregulating downstream antiviral signaling. These findings establish ASB3 as a critical negative regulator that controls the activation of antiviral signaling and describe a novel function of ASB3 that has not been previously reported.

E3 泛素连接酶在病毒感染期间对调节抗病毒免疫非常重要。在这里,我们发现在 RNA 病毒(尤其是甲型流感病毒(IAV))存在的情况下,E3 连接酶 Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 3 (ASB3) 会上调。值得注意的是,过表达 ASB3 会抑制仙台病毒(SeV)和 IAV 诱导的 I 型 IFN(IFN-I)反应,而消减 ASB3 则会恢复 SeV 和 H9N2 感染介导的 IFN-β 及其下游干扰素刺激基因(ISGs)的转录。有趣的是,缺乏 ASB3 的动物对 H9N2 和 H1N1 感染的易感性降低。从机理上讲,ASB3 与 MAVS 相互作用,直接介导 K48 链接的多泛素化和 MAVS 在 K297 处的降解,从而抑制 TBK1 和 IRF3 的磷酸化并下调下游抗病毒信号。这些发现确立了 ASB3 作为控制抗病毒信号激活的关键负调控因子的地位,并描述了 ASB3 以前未曾报道过的一种新功能。
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引用次数: 0
Inhibition of nucleo-cytoplasmic proteasome translocation by the aromatic amino acids or silencing Sestrin3—their sensing mediator—is tumor suppressive 通过芳香族氨基酸抑制核-细胞质蛋白酶体转运或沉默Sestrin3--它们的感应介质--具有抑瘤作用
IF 13.7 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01370-x
Ido Livneh, Bertrand Fabre, Gilad Goldhirsh, Chen Lulu, Adar Zinger, Yael Shammai Vainer, Maya Kaduri, Aviva Dahan, Tamar Ziv, Avi Schroeder, Yinon Ben-Neriah, Yaniv Zohar, Victoria Cohen-Kaplan, Aaron Ciechanover
The proteasome, the catalytic arm of the ubiquitin system, is regulated via its dynamic compartmentation between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, among other mechanisms. Under amino acid shortage, the proteolytic complex is translocated to the cytoplasm, where it stimulates proteolysis to supplement recycled amino acids for essential protein synthesis. This response is mediated via the mTOR pathway and the lack of the three aromatic amino acids Tyr, Trp, and Phe (YWF). mTOR activation by supplementation of the triad inhibits proteasome translocation, leading to cell death. We now show that tumoral inherent stress conditions result in translocation of the proteasome from the nucleus to the cytosol. We further show that the modulation of the signaling cascade governed by YWF is applicable also to non-starved cells by using higher concentration of the triad to achieve a surplus relative to all other amino acids. Based on these two phenomena, we found that the modulation of stress signals via the administration of YWF leads to nuclear proteasome sequestration and inhibition of growth of xenograft, spontaneous, and metastatic mouse tumor models. In correlation with the observed effect of YWF on tumors, we found – using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses – that the triad affects various cellular processes related to cell proliferation, migration, and death. In addition, Sestrin3—a mediator of YWF sensing upstream of mTOR—is essential for proteasome translocation, and therefore plays a pro-tumorigenic role, positioning it as a potential oncogene. This newly identified approach for hijacking the cellular “satiety center” carries therefore potential therapeutic implications for cancer.
蛋白酶体是泛素系统的催化臂,通过其在细胞核和细胞质之间的动态分区等机制进行调节。在氨基酸短缺的情况下,蛋白水解复合物会转运到细胞质中,在那里刺激蛋白水解,以补充用于合成必需蛋白质的再生氨基酸。这种反应是通过 mTOR 途径和三种芳香族氨基酸 Tyr、Trp 和 Phe(YWF)的缺乏来介导的。通过补充三元组来激活 mTOR 可抑制蛋白酶体的转运,从而导致细胞死亡。我们现在证明,肿瘤固有的应激条件会导致蛋白酶体从细胞核转位到细胞质。我们还进一步证明,通过使用更高浓度的三聚氰胺来实现相对于所有其他氨基酸的过剩,YWF 对信号级联的调节也适用于非饥饿细胞。基于这两种现象,我们发现通过服用 YWF 调节应激信号可导致核蛋白酶体螯合,并抑制异种移植、自发性和转移性小鼠肿瘤模型的生长。与观察到的 YWF 对肿瘤的影响相关,我们通过转录组和蛋白质组分析发现,三联体影响了与细胞增殖、迁移和死亡相关的各种细胞过程。此外,Sestrin3--mTOR上游YWF感应的介质--对蛋白酶体转运至关重要,因此起着促癌作用,被定位为潜在的致癌基因。因此,这种新发现的劫持细胞 "饱食中心 "的方法对癌症具有潜在的治疗意义。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: John F. R. Kerr (1934–2024) 更正:约翰-科尔(1934-2024)
IF 13.7 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01373-8
Margaret C. Cummings, David L. Vaux, Andreas Strasser, Ruth Kluck
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引用次数: 0
Intracellular zinc protects tumours from T cell-mediated cytotoxicity 细胞内锌可保护肿瘤免受 T 细胞介导的细胞毒性影响
IF 12.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01369-4
Emily J. Lelliott, Jonathan Naddaf, Katherine Ganio, Jessica Michie, Shelly Wang, Lin Liu, Natasha Silke, Antonio Ahn, Kelly M. Ramsbottom, Amelia J. Brennan, Andrew J. Freeman, Shom Goel, Stephin J. Vervoort, Conor J. Kearney, Paul A. Beavis, Christopher A. McDevitt, John Silke, Jane Oliaro

Tumour immune evasion presents a significant challenge to the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. Recent advances in high-throughput screening techniques have uncovered that loss of antigen presentation and cytokine signalling pathways are central mechanisms by which tumours evade T cell immunity. To uncover additional vulnerabilities in tumour cells beyond the well-recognized antigen presentation pathway, we conducted a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify genes that mediate resistance to chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, which function independently of classical antigen presentation. Our study revealed that loss of core-binding factor subunit beta (CBFβ) enhances tumour cell resistance to T cell killing, mediated through T cell-derived TNF. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing and elemental analyses revealed that deletion of CBFβ disrupts numerous pathways including those involved in zinc homoeostasis. Moreover, we demonstrated that modulation of cellular zinc, achieved by supplementation or chelation, significantly altered tumour cell susceptibility to TNF by regulating the levels of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. Consistent with this, treatment of tumour cells with a membrane-permeable zinc chelator had no impact on tumour cell viability alone, but significantly increased tumour cell lysis by CD8+ T cells in a TNF-dependent but perforin-independent manner. These results underscore the crucial role of intracellular zinc in regulating tumour cell susceptibility to T cell-mediated killing, revealing a novel vulnerability in tumour cells that might be exploited for the development of future cancer immunotherapeutics.

肿瘤免疫逃避是对癌症免疫疗法有效性的重大挑战。高通量筛选技术的最新进展发现,抗原递呈和细胞因子信号通路的缺失是肿瘤逃避T细胞免疫的核心机制。为了揭示肿瘤细胞在公认的抗原递呈途径之外的其他弱点,我们进行了一次全基因组CRISPR/Cas9筛选,以确定介导对嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞产生抗性的基因。我们的研究发现,核心结合因子亚基β(CBFβ)的缺失会增强肿瘤细胞对T细胞杀伤的抵抗力,这种抵抗力是通过T细胞衍生的TNF介导的。从机理上讲,RNA 序列分析和元素分析表明,CBFβ 的缺失破坏了许多通路,包括那些参与锌平衡的通路。此外,我们还证明,通过补充或螯合来调节细胞锌,可通过调节细胞凋亡抑制蛋白的水平,显著改变肿瘤细胞对 TNF 的易感性。与此相一致的是,用一种膜渗透性锌螯合剂处理肿瘤细胞对肿瘤细胞的存活率没有影响,但却以一种依赖 TNF 但不依赖穿孔素的方式显著增加了 CD8+ T 细胞对肿瘤细胞的裂解。这些结果强调了细胞内锌在调节肿瘤细胞对T细胞介导的杀伤敏感性中的关键作用,揭示了肿瘤细胞的一种新的脆弱性,可用于开发未来的癌症免疫疗法。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: Two hot spot mutant p53 mouse models display differential gain of function in tumorigenesis 更正:两种热点突变 p53 小鼠模型在肿瘤发生过程中显示出不同的功能增益。
IF 13.7 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01366-7
W. Hanel, N. Marchenko, S. Xu, S. Xiaofeng Yu, W. Weng, U. Moll
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引用次数: 0
PHGDH/SYK: a hub integrating anti-fungal immunity and serine metabolism PHGDH/SYK:整合抗真菌免疫和丝氨酸代谢的枢纽
IF 12.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01374-7
Xinyong Zhang, Dongdong Hu, Xiaoyan Sun, Yichun Gu, Yong Zhou, Chuanxin Su, Shi Liu, Caiyan Zhang, Guoping Lu, Qiwen Wu, Aidong Chen

Immune cells modify their metabolic pathways in response to fungal infections. Nevertheless, the biochemical underpinnings need to be better understood. This study reports that fungal infection drives a switch from glycolysis to the serine synthesis pathway (SSP) and one-carbon metabolism by inducing the interaction of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). As a result, PHGDH promotes SYK phosphorylation, leading to the recruitment of SYK to C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). The CLR/SYK complex initiates signaling cascades that lead to transcription factor activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. SYK activates SSP and one-carbon metabolism by inducing PHGDH activity. Then, one-carbon metabolism supports S-adenosylmethionine and histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation to drive the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. These findings reveal the crosstalk between amino acid metabolism, epigenetic modification, and CLR signaling during fungal infection.

免疫细胞在应对真菌感染时会改变其代谢途径。尽管如此,其生化基础仍有待进一步了解。本研究报告指出,真菌感染通过诱导脾酪氨酸激酶(SYK)和磷酸甘油脱氢酶(PHGDH)的相互作用,促使细胞从糖酵解转向丝氨酸合成途径(SSP)和一碳代谢。因此,PHGDH 促进 SYK 磷酸化,导致 SYK 招募到 C 型凝集素受体(CLR)。CLR/SYK 复合物启动信号级联,导致转录因子活化和促炎细胞因子的产生。SYK 通过诱导 PHGDH 的活性激活 SSP 和一碳代谢。然后,一碳代谢支持 S-腺苷蛋氨酸和组蛋白 H3 赖氨酸 36 三甲基化,从而推动促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的产生。这些发现揭示了真菌感染过程中氨基酸代谢、表观遗传修饰和 CLR 信号转导之间的相互影响。
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引用次数: 0
A chromosome-coupled ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is required for meiotic surveillance 减数分裂监控需要染色体偶联泛素-蛋白酶体途径
IF 12.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01375-6
Ruirui Zhang, Bohan Liu, Yuqi Tian, Mingyu Xin, Qian Li, Xiuhua Huang, Yuanyuan Liu, Li Zhao, Feifei Qi, Ruoxi Wang, Xiaoqian Meng, Jianguo Chen, Jun Zhou, Jinmin Gao

Defects in meiotic prophase can cause meiotic chromosome missegregation and aneuploid gamete formation. Meiotic checkpoints are activated in germ cells with meiotic defects, and cells with unfixed errors are eliminated by apoptosis. How such a surveillance process is regulated remains elusive. Here, we report that a chromosome-coupled ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) regulates meiotic checkpoint activation and promotes germ cell apoptosis in C. elegans meiosis-defective mutants. We identified an F-box protein, FBXL-2, that functions as a core component within the pathway. This chromosome-coupled UPP regulates meiotic DSB repair kinetics and chromosome dynamic behaviors in synapsis defective mutants. Disrupted UPP impairs the axial recruitment of the HORMA domain protein HIM-3, which is required for efficient germ cell apoptosis in synapsis defective mutants. Our data suggest that an efficient chromosome-coupled UPP functions as a part of the meiotic surveillance system by enhancing the integrity of the meiotic chromosome axis.

减数分裂前期的缺陷可导致减数分裂染色体错误分离和非整倍体配子的形成。在存在减数分裂缺陷的生殖细胞中,减数分裂检查点会被激活,错误未被修复的细胞会被细胞凋亡所淘汰。这种监控过程是如何调控的仍是个谜。在这里,我们报告了染色体组偶联泛素-蛋白酶体途径(UPP)调节减数分裂检查点的激活,并促进秀丽隐杆线虫减数分裂缺陷突变体中生殖细胞的凋亡。我们发现了一种 F-box 蛋白 FBXL-2,它是该通路的核心成分。这种与染色体耦合的 UPP 调节减数分裂 DSB 修复动力学以及突触缺陷突变体的染色体动态行为。中断的UPP会影响HORMA结构域蛋白HIM-3的轴向招募,而HIM-3是突触缺陷突变体中有效生殖细胞凋亡所必需的。我们的数据表明,有效的染色体耦合 UPP 可通过增强减数分裂染色体轴的完整性来发挥减数分裂监控系统的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Foxk1 promotes bone formation through inducing aerobic glycolysis. Foxk1 通过诱导有氧糖酵解促进骨形成。
IF 13.7 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01371-w
Chungeng Liu, Naibo Feng, Zhenmin Wang, Kangyan Zheng, Yongheng Xie, Hongyu Wang, Houqing Long, Songlin Peng

Transcription factor Foxk1 can regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and promote skeletal muscle regeneration and cardiogenesis. However, the roles of Foxk1 in bone formation is unknown. Here, we found that Foxk1 expression decreased in the bone tissue of aged mice and osteoporosis patients. Knockdown of Foxk1 in primary murine calvarial osteoblasts suppressed osteoblast differentiation and proliferation. Conditional knockout of Foxk1 in preosteoblasts and mature osteoblasts in mice exhibited decreased bone mass and mechanical strength due to reduced bone formation. Mechanistically, we identified Foxk1 targeted the promoter region of many genes of glycolytic enzyme by CUT&Tag analysis. Lacking of Foxk1 in primary murine calvarial osteoblasts resulted in reducing aerobic glycolysis. Inhibition of glycolysis by 2DG hindered osteoblast differentiation and proliferation induced by Foxk1 overexpression. Finally, specific overexpression of Foxk1 in preosteoblasts, driven by a preosteoblast specific osterix promoter, increased bone mass and bone mechanical strength of aged mice, which could be suppressed by inhibiting glycolysis. In summary, these findings reveal that Foxk1 plays a vital role in the osteoblast metabolism regulation and bone formation stimulation, offering a promising approach for preventing age-related bone loss.

转录因子 Foxk1 可调节细胞增殖、分化和新陈代谢,促进骨骼肌再生和心脏生成。然而,Foxk1在骨形成中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们发现 Foxk1 在老龄小鼠和骨质疏松症患者的骨组织中表达减少。在原代小鼠犊骨成骨细胞中敲除 Foxk1 会抑制成骨细胞的分化和增殖。在小鼠前成骨细胞和成熟成骨细胞中条件性敲除 Foxk1 后,由于骨形成减少,骨量和机械强度也会下降。通过 CUT&Tag 分析,我们发现 Foxk1 靶向许多糖酵解酶基因的启动子区域。在原代小鼠钙骨成骨细胞中缺乏 Foxk1 会导致有氧糖酵解减少。2DG 对糖酵解的抑制阻碍了 Foxk1 过表达诱导的成骨细胞分化和增殖。最后,在前成骨细胞特异性 osterix 启动子的驱动下,在前成骨细胞中特异性过表达 Foxk1 可增加老龄小鼠的骨量和骨机械强度,而抑制糖酵解可抑制骨量和骨机械强度。总之,这些发现揭示了 Foxk1 在成骨细胞新陈代谢调节和骨形成刺激中的重要作用,为预防与年龄相关的骨质流失提供了一种很有前景的方法。
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引用次数: 0
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Cell Death and Differentiation
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