Chemical Engineering Journal Advances最新文献_第9页

Occurrence and human health risks of microplastics in the Bay of Bengal using Perna viridis as sentinel species 微塑料在孟加拉湾的发生及其对人类健康的风险

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2026.101039

Md.Abdullah Al Mamun Hridoy , Fatima Zahra Tagri , Chaira Bordin , Md.Hafijul Islam , Azeez Olalekan Baki , Md.Maynuddin Pathan , Arman Khan , Gift Samuel David , Monoara Akter Lima , S.M.Sertaz Islam , Paolo Pastorino

Microplastics (MPs) pollution is an increasing threat to marine environments, particularly in vulnerable areas such as the Bay of Bengal (BoB). This study assessed MP distribution and biological impacts in surface water, sediment, and Perna viridis tissues across five coastal stations in the BoB. MPs were isolated through density separation, digestion, and morphological analysis under stereomicroscopy, followed by polymer analysis using FTIR. MPs were detected in all environmental matrices and mussel tissues at every site. Surface water MPs ranged from 3.13 ± 0.46 to 8.94 ± 0.55 items/L, while sediment concentrations varied between 152 ± 54.32 and 540 ± 82.73 items/kg dry weight. Mussel tissues contained 2.4 ± 1.43 to 4.9 ± 2.69 items/g wet weight, with the digestive gland showing significantly higher accumulation than gills, visceral mass, and muscle (p < 0.001). Fibre-type MPs dominated all matrices. Particles <0.5 mm were most abundant in surface water, while particles 1–5 mm were most abundant in mussel tissues; both size classes were common in sediments. Polypropylene and low-density polyethene were the dominant polymers. Histological analysis revealed tissue damage and immune responses in mussels due to physiological stress. Multivariate analyses indicated site-specific MP profiles associated with local anthropogenic activities. Health risk assessment showed higher chronic daily intake and carcinogenic risk in children than adults, with polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride exceeding acceptable carcinogenic risk thresholds. These results emphasise the importance of ongoing monitoring and enhanced waste management strategies to safeguard coastal ecosystems and ensure the safety of seafood in the BoB.

微塑料污染对海洋环境的威胁越来越大，特别是在孟加拉湾（BoB）等脆弱地区。本研究评估了太平洋沿岸5个海岸站点的MP分布及其在地表水、沉积物和绿藻组织中的生物影响。通过密度分离、消化和体视显微镜下的形态分析分离MPs，然后用FTIR进行聚合物分析。在所有环境基质和贻贝组织中均检测到MPs。地表水MPs变化范围为3.13±0.46 ~ 8.94±0.55项/L，沉积物浓度变化范围为152±54.32 ~ 540±82.73项/kg干重。贻贝组织中含有2.4±1.43 ~ 4.9±2.69个物质/g湿重，其中消化腺的积累量显著高于鳃、内脏和肌肉（p < 0.001）。纤维型MPs在所有基质中占主导地位。0.5 mm颗粒在地表水中含量最多，1 ~ 5mm颗粒在贻贝组织中含量最多；这两种尺寸在沉积物中都很常见。聚丙烯和低密度聚乙烯是主要的聚合物。组织学分析揭示了贻贝在生理应激下的组织损伤和免疫反应。多变量分析表明，地点特异性MP谱与当地人为活动有关。健康风险评估显示，儿童的慢性每日摄入量和致癌风险高于成人，聚丙烯和聚氯乙烯超过可接受的致癌风险阈值。这些结果强调了持续监测和加强废物管理战略对保护沿海生态系统和确保鲍勃海产品安全的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Green pretreatment strategies for enhanced microbial lipid fermentation and synergistic high-quality lignin recovery for next-generation integrated biorefineries 下一代集成生物精炼厂中强化微生物脂质发酵和协同高质量木质素回收的绿色预处理策略

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.101031

Tirath Raj , Poonam Sharma , Stephanie Thompson , Bruce S Dien , Vijay Singh

Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) is a warm-season perennial grass being commercialized as a biomass feedstock for temperate farms. Three process strategies were compared for converting Mxg into single-cell oil and extracted lignin intermediates, as hydrothermal (HT) processing and two natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), ChCl:LA (choline chloride:lactic acid) and ChCl:Gly (choline chloride:glycerol). Pretreatments were performed at 10% and 50% solids loading at 140 °C, 2 h; HT: 190 °C, 10 min. Enzymatic hydrolysates, generated at 10% solids using washed and unwashed biomass, were evaluated for microbial lipid production. Maximum glucose conversions from washed biomass reached 83.5% (ChCl:LA), 52.7% (ChCl:Gly), and 74.0% (HT). Remarkably, NADES-derived hydrolysates effectively replaced refined sugars for the cultivation of the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula toruloides, achieving ∼51% higher biomass (OD 90.7) and lipid titers of 19.36 g/L within 45 h using a two-stage fermentation strategy. Lipid contents ranged from 34.5–44.5% dry weight, demonstrating reduced reliance on purified sugars. Beyond carbohydrate valorization, ChCl:LA pretreatment enabled high-purity lignin recovery (>89%) in a lignin-first strategy. Structural analyses (2D-HSQC and ³¹P NMR) showed syringyl (78.15%), guaiacyl (15.15%), and p-hydroxyphenyl (6.41%) units, with higher phenolic hydroxyl content (0.91 mmol/g) and a lower S/G ratio (0.19) than HT lignin (0.87 mmol/g, S/G 0.22). These attributes favor downstream lignin depolymerization into low-molecular-weight aromatics. Overall, NADES pretreatment simultaneously enhances microbial lipid yields and recovers high-quality lignin, advancing the economic feasibility of renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production from bioenergy crops within an integrated biorefinery framework.

芒草（Miscanthus × giganteus, Mxg）是一种暖季多年生草，作为温带农场的生物质原料被商业化。采用水热法（HT）和两种天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）， ChCl:LA（氯化胆碱：乳酸）和ChCl:Gly（氯化胆碱：甘油），对Mxg转化为单细胞油和提取木质素中间体的工艺策略进行了比较。预处理分别为10%和50%固相，温度为140℃，时间为2 h；高温：190℃，10 min。利用水洗和未水洗的生物质，以10%的固体生成酶解物，对微生物脂质生产进行了评估。水洗生物质的最大葡萄糖转化率分别为83.5% （ChCl:LA）、52.7% （ChCl:Gly）和74.0% （HT）。值得注意的是，nades衍生的水解物有效地取代了精制糖，用于培养产油酵母红酵母，在45小时内，采用两阶段发酵策略，生物量提高了约51% (OD值为90.7)，脂质滴度达到19.36 g/L。脂质含量在干重34.5-44.5%之间，表明对纯化糖的依赖减少。除了碳水化合物增值外，ChCl:LA预处理在木质素优先策略中实现了高纯度的木质素回收（>89%）。结构分析（2D-HSQC和³¹P NMR）显示丁香基（78.15%）、愈创木酰（15.15%）和对羟基苯基（6.41%），其酚羟基含量（0.91 mmol/g）高于HT木质素（0.87 mmol/g, S/ g 0.22）， S/ g比（0.19）较低。这些特性有利于下游木质素解聚成低分子量芳烃。总的来说，NADES预处理同时提高了微生物脂质产量和回收高质量木质素，提高了在集成生物炼制框架内从生物能源作物中生产可再生柴油和可持续航空燃料（SAF）的经济可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Rational design of β-ionone-based derivative with enhanced insect OBP affinity and field persistence for precision pest control 合理设计具有增强昆虫OBP亲和力和田间持久性的β-离子酮衍生物，用于害虫精准防治

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.101018

Longfei Shi , Yufeng Sun , Jiaoxin Xie , Hangwei Liu , Haoyu Tang , Huaijing Liu , Jingtao Liu , Yaoguo Qin , Xiaoling Tan , Yongjun Zhang

Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) mediate insect olfactory processes by facilitating the transport of volatile compounds to odorant receptors. Searching and designing efficient ligands that bind strongly to these OBPs can help us better utilize chemical ecological strategies for the regulation and management of insects, especially in agricultural ecosystems. In the present study, a meta-analysis employing a random effects model revealed that β-ionone exhibits high binding affinity across diverse OBPs in different insect species, with most Ki values ranging from 0.63 to 25 μM. Based on the flexible structure of β-ionone, we designed and synthesized a novel derivative IA01 through Claisen-Schmidt condensation with p-anisaldehyde. It was found that IA01 demonstrated superior binding affinities toward two AlucOBPs from Apolygus lucorum, as evidenced by fluorescence competition assays and molecular docking analyses. Electroantennogram recordings indicated that IA01 elicited more stable and sustained olfactory responses compared to β-ionone and p-anisaldehyde, an effect maintained over a seven-day period. In addition, indoor behavioral experiments showed that IA01 exhibited a strong repellent effect against Chrysopa pallens, a predatory natural enemy. Field trials further validated the enhanced attractant efficacy of IA01, which consistently captured higher numbers of A. lucorum adults.We propose that the newly designed derivative based on β-ionone has potential application value in trapping mirid bug and protecting natural enemies. Utilizing such broad-spectrum ligands as lead skeletons to develop novel attractants or repellents targeting a wide range of pests will bring us a brand new pest control technology strategy.

气味结合蛋白（OBPs）通过促进挥发性化合物向气味受体的运输来调节昆虫的嗅觉过程。寻找和设计与这些obp强结合的有效配体可以帮助我们更好地利用化学生态策略来调节和管理昆虫，特别是在农业生态系统中。本研究采用随机效应模型进行meta分析，发现β-ionone在不同昆虫物种的不同obp之间具有较高的结合亲和力，Ki值大多在0.63 ~ 25 μM之间。基于β-离子酮的柔性结构，我们与对茴香醛通过Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应，设计并合成了新的衍生物IA01。通过荧光竞争分析和分子对接分析，发现IA01对绿盲蝽的两个AlucOBPs具有较强的结合亲和力。触角电图记录表明，与β-离子酮和对茴香醛相比，IA01引起了更稳定和持续的嗅觉反应，这种效果持续了7天。此外，室内行为实验表明，IA01对掠食性天敌黄斑蝶具有较强的驱避作用。田间试验进一步验证了IA01的引诱效果，其对绿盲蝽成虫的引诱率持续较高。我们认为新设计的β-离子酮衍生物在捕虫和保护天敌方面具有潜在的应用价值。利用铅骨架等广谱配体开发针对多种害虫的新型引诱剂或驱避剂将为我们带来一种全新的害虫防治技术策略。

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引用次数: 0

Manganese enriched zeolitic imidazole framework-67 and doped reduced graphene oxide hybrid electrocatalyst applied in alkaline Zn-air battery 富锰分子筛咪唑骨架-67和掺杂还原性氧化石墨烯杂化电催化剂在碱性锌空气电池中的应用

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100999

S. Fajardo , C.M. Sánchez-Sánchez , P. Ocón , J.L. Rodríguez , E. Pastor

The development of durable, low-cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial to the advancement of Zn–air batteries. Here different zeolitic imidazolium framework (ZIF-67)-based hybrid electrocatalysts supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are evaluated (ZIF/rGO, ZIF/SN-rGO, and MnZIF/SN-rGO) for the ORR in alkaline media and gel Zn–air batteries. A key feature of this work is the application of pumped-micropipette delivery/substrate-collection (pumped-MD/SC) mode of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in alkaline electrolyte, a mode rarely explored and, to the best of our knowledge, not previously reported for ORR mapping under these conditions. Pumped-MD/SC SECM current maps unambiguously identify MnZIF/SN-rGO as the most active electrocatalytic material, showing the lowest overpotential, as well as exhibiting the highest limiting current and negligible H₂O₂ yield evaluated by rotating ring-disc electrode (RRDE). The catalyst retains its activity after 1000 potential cycles under ORR conditions, evidencing excellent durability. When implemented as the air-cathode in a non-rechargeable gel Zn–air battery, MnZIF/SN-rGO delivers a specific capacity of 803 mAh g^-¹_Zn and a specific energy of 1119 mWh g^-¹_Zn, sustaining a stable discharge > 1.4 V for 32 h at 10 mA cm^-². These metrics surpass most gel-electrolyte Zn–air batteries reported under comparable conditions, highlighting the practical relevance of the catalyst. The combined SECM–battery approach links spatially resolved ORR activity with device-level performance, providing mechanistic insight and a robust benchmark for future cathode design. Overall, MnZIF/SN-rGO emerges as a highly durable and efficient cathode for gel Zn–air batteries.

开发耐用、低成本的氧还原反应电催化剂对锌空气电池的发展至关重要。本文研究了还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）负载的不同分子筛基咪唑骨架（ZIF-67）杂化电催化剂（ZIF/rGO、ZIF/SN-rGO和MnZIF/SN-rGO）在碱性介质和凝胶zn -空气电池中的ORR性能。这项工作的一个关键特征是在碱性电解质中应用了扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）的泵送-微移液管输送/底物收集（泵送- md /SC）模式，这是一种很少探索的模式，据我们所知，以前没有报道过在这些条件下进行ORR测绘。泵送md /SC SECM电流图明确地将MnZIF/SN-rGO确定为最活跃的电催化材料，显示出最低的过电位，以及最高的极限电流和可忽略不计的H₂O₂产率。在ORR条件下，该催化剂在1000次潜在循环后仍保持其活性，具有优异的耐久性。作为不可再充电凝胶锌-空气电池的空气阴极，MnZIF/SN-rGO提供803 mAh g-¹Zn的比容量和1119 mWh g-¹Zn的比能量，在10 mA cm-²下保持1.4 V 32小时的稳定放电。这些指标超过了在可比条件下报道的大多数凝胶电解质锌空气电池，突出了催化剂的实际相关性。组合式secm -电池方法将空间分解的ORR活动与设备级性能联系起来，为未来的阴极设计提供了机制见解和可靠的基准。总的来说，MnZIF/SN-rGO是凝胶锌空气电池的一种高度耐用和高效的阴极。

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引用次数: 0

Metal accumulation and tolerance mechanisms in Potamogeton crispus under single-metal exposure to Cd, Zn, Ni and Li: Implications for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated waters 单金属暴露于Cd、Zn、Ni和Li下的马铃薯金属积累和耐受机制：对金属污染水体植物修复的启示

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.101014

Xu Zhang , Mingyu Han , Menglong Xing , Xianhao Zhang , Liping Qiu , Lei Zhang , Yanhao Zhang , Dajiang Yan , Zhibin Zhang

This study evaluated the submerged macrophyte Potamogeton crispus for its ability to accumulate cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and lithium (Li) in metal-contaminated waters and its suitability for phytoremediation. A 70-day static mesocosm experiment was performed in which four independent single-metal exposure series (Cd, Zn, Ni, and Li) were established, each with four concentration levels and one metal-free control; water and plant samples were regularly collected. Metal concentrations were quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to probe microstructural changes, functional-group interactions, and thermal stability under metal stress. Potamogeton crispus showed strong accumulation capacity for all four metals, with concentration-dependent uptake; maximum accumulation occurred for Zn (up to 885.38 mg·kg⁻¹), followed by Ni, Cd, and Li. Low-concentration exposure stimulated plant growth, suggesting hormesis, whereas high concentrations suppressed growth and induced visible toxicity, indicating a tolerance threshold. SEM-EDS showed surface roughening, particle aggregation, and metal deposits, consistent with cell-wall-based immobilization and structural damage at high concentrations. FTIR spectra indicated that hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amide groups are key sites for metal binding, as reflected by changes in band intensity and peak shifts. TGA profiles showed that metal exposure modified thermal decomposition and increased residual mass, consistent with partial stabilization of organic matter through metal–organic associations. Overall, this multi-scale analysis demonstrates the robust accumulation capacity and moderate tolerance of P. crispus to Cd, Zn, Ni, and Li under single-metal exposure, provides baseline data for evaluating its use in remediating waters polluted by mixtures of traditional and emerging metals, and offers mechanistic insights to inform future multi-metal experiments.

本研究评价了沉水植物马铃薯（Potamogeton crispus）在金属污染水体中积累镉（Cd）、锌（Zn）、镍（Ni）和锂（Li）的能力及其植物修复的适宜性。在70天的静态中观实验中，建立了4个独立的单金属暴露系列（Cd、Zn、Ni和Li），每个系列有4个浓度水平和1个无金属对照；定期收集水和植物样本。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定金属浓度，并利用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散光谱（SEM-EDS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和热重分析（TGA）研究金属在应力作用下的微观结构变化、官能团相互作用和热稳定性。马铃薯对四种金属均表现出较强的积累能力，且具有浓度依赖性；累积最多的是Zn（高达885.38 mg·kg⁻），其次是Ni、Cd和Li。低浓度暴露刺激植物生长，提示刺激效应，而高浓度暴露抑制生长并诱导可见毒性，提示耐受阈值。SEM-EDS显示表面粗糙化、颗粒聚集和金属沉积，与高浓度的细胞壁固定和结构损伤相一致。FTIR光谱显示，羟基、羧基和酰胺基团是金属结合的关键位点，反映在波段强度和峰移的变化上。热重分析表明，金属暴露改变了热分解，增加了残余质量，与金属有机结合使有机质部分稳定一致。总体而言，这一多尺度分析表明，在单一金属暴露下，crispus对Cd、Zn、Ni和Li具有强大的积累能力和适度的耐受性，为评估其在修复被传统金属和新兴金属混合物污染的水域中的应用提供了基线数据，并为未来的多金属实验提供了机制见解。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding of indium-gallium-zinc oxide wet etching in acidic solutions: Reaction mechanism, kinetics, and surface properties 酸溶液中氧化铟镓锌湿法蚀刻的研究：反应机理、动力学和表面性质

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.101016

Wonje Lee, Sangwoo Lim

Integrating indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) as a channel material in transistors requires precise control of the etching process, necessitating a thorough understanding of the mechanism of IGZO etching using various etchants. This study investigated the etching behavior of IGZO in HCl, H₃PO₄, H₂SO₄, and H₂C₂O_4, and a reaction mechanism is proposed. The rate-determining step of the proposed mechanism is identified, and a rate equation for the etching reaction is derived. The etching rate of IGZO in acidic etchants was found to be governed not only by [H⁺], but also by anion attachment and detachment reactions, metal dissolution, and the anion concentration near the IGZO surface. The reaction rate constant and order of IGZO etching are interpreted based on the chemical and physical properties of the anions and anion-bonded IGZO surface, including the nucleophilicity of the anions, bonding strength between the anions and the IGZO surface, surface potential induced by the adsorbed anions, ionic radius, and physicochemical properties of the surface-anion complexes. Furthermore, the etching rate critically depends on the local anion concentration adjacent to the IGZO surface rather than the bulk anion concentration. It is influenced by mass transport through the solution. Additionally, differences in etching behavior of the various metal oxide constituents of IGZO increase the surface roughness of the etched sample and result in spatial variations in the surface potential.

将铟镓锌氧化物（IGZO）作为沟道材料集成到晶体管中需要精确控制蚀刻过程，这就需要对使用各种蚀刻剂的IGZO蚀刻机理有一个透彻的了解。本研究考察了IGZO在HCl、H3PO4、H2SO4和H2C2O4中的蚀刻行为，并提出了反应机理。确定了该机理的速率决定步骤，并推导了蚀刻反应的速率方程。发现IGZO在酸性蚀刻剂中的蚀刻速率不仅受[H+]的影响，还受阴离子的附着和剥离反应、金属的溶解以及IGZO表面附近阴离子浓度的影响。根据阴离子和阴离子结合的IGZO表面的化学和物理性质，包括阴离子的亲核性、阴离子与IGZO表面的键合强度、吸附阴离子引起的表面电位、离子半径和表面-阴离子配合物的物理化学性质，解释了IGZO蚀刻的反应速率常数和顺序。此外，蚀刻速率关键取决于邻近IGZO表面的局部阴离子浓度，而不是整体阴离子浓度。它受溶液中质量输运的影响。此外，IGZO中各种金属氧化物成分的蚀刻行为的差异增加了蚀刻样品的表面粗糙度，并导致表面电位的空间变化。

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引用次数: 0

Lumped and distributed activation energy modelling of biomass pyrolysis 生物质热解的集总分布活化能模型

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100998

Zoé Mercier , Marion Carrier , Frédéric Marias

The Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM) is applied to a semi-detailed degradation scheme, demonstrating its effectiveness in describing the complex kinetics of biomass pyrolysis. DAEM is a widely used tool for modeling the complex reaction rates and capturing the heterogeneous nature of lignocellulosic decomposition. First, the review provides the theoretical background to DAEM, highlighting its statistical basis and the assumptions underlying the distribution of activation energies. It then analyzes advances in parameter estimation, numerical methods, and optimization techniques that improve the reliability of DAEM fitting. Comparative studies with the constant activation energy model were considered to clarify the strengths and limitations of DAEM. A significant part of the research paper summarizes how DAEM has been applied to the main constituents of biomass: cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignins. The model has also been validated using external data that was not used in the fitting procedure. Applications to real biomass have been discussed alongside recent efforts to extend the model to secondary reactions and gas formation. Finally, the study considers ways to extend DAEM towards more mechanistic degradation schemes by incorporating secondary reactions and pathways leading to gas formation and levoglucosan degradation.

将分布式活化能模型（DAEM）应用于半详细的降解方案，证明了其在描述生物质热解复杂动力学方面的有效性。DAEM是一种广泛使用的工具，用于模拟复杂的反应速率和捕获木质纤维素分解的异质性。首先，综述了DAEM的理论背景，重点介绍了DAEM的统计基础和活化能分布的假设。然后分析了参数估计、数值方法和优化技术的进展，提高了DAEM拟合的可靠性。通过与恒定活化能模型的比较研究，阐明了DAEM的优势和局限性。研究论文的重要部分总结了DAEM如何应用于生物质的主要成分：纤维素、半纤维素和木质素。该模型还使用拟合过程中未使用的外部数据进行了验证。在讨论实际生物质应用的同时，还讨论了最近将该模型扩展到二次反应和气体形成的努力。最后，该研究考虑了通过结合二次反应和导致气体形成和左旋葡聚糖降解的途径，将DAEM扩展到更机械的降解方案的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Battery waste management: Tackling environmental, health, and resource challenges from growing waste 电池废物管理：应对日益增长的废物带来的环境、健康和资源挑战

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2026.101033

Chaitanya Roy Chowdhury , Ani Biswas , Md. Golam Kibria , Monjur Mourshed

Improper disposal of rechargeable batteries, particularly lithium-ion, lead-acid, and nickel-cadmium types, poses serious risks to ecosystems anuman health due to the release of toxic metals. The global battery market is projected to grow from USD 139.9 billion in 2024 to USD 672.5 billion by 2034 at a CAGR of 17.0%, with lithium-ion batteries dominating due to their high energy density, while lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries pose unique recycling challenges related to heavy metal toxicity. This research work summarises state-of-the-art practices, challenges, and opportunities in battery waste management, focusing on degradation mechanisms and variables such as temperature, state of charge, and operating conditions. Battery degradation, influenced by calendar and cycle aging, operational factors like temperature and SOC, and maintenance practices, exacerbates waste generation and complicates recycling economics. Life cycle assessment reveals that lithium-ion batteries have a global warming potential of 50-313 kg CO₂-eq/kWh, primarily from cathode production, with recycling offering significant credits through avoided burdens. A Monte Carlo simulation of lithium-ion battery recycling shows profitability in 65.2% of cases, with an average annual profit of USD 0.91 million and breakeven at 9.59 million kg of processed mass. Recycling also cuts CO₂ emissions by up to 70.0 kg/kWh compared with virgin production, highlighting major environmental benefits. Profitability is driven by waste supply, active battery mass, and material revenue. The study emphasises the importance of circular economy strategies, battery degradation management, and second-life applications in achieving long-term environmental and economic sustainability in waste battery management.

处置不当的可充电电池，特别是锂离子电池、铅酸电池和镍镉电池，由于释放有毒金属，对生态系统和人类健康构成严重风险。全球电池市场预计将从2024年的1399亿美元增长到2034年的6725亿美元，复合年增长率为17.0%，其中锂离子电池因其高能量密度而占主导地位，而铅酸和镍镉电池则面临与重金属毒性相关的独特回收挑战。这项研究工作总结了电池废物管理的最新实践、挑战和机遇，重点关注降解机制和温度、充电状态和操作条件等变量。受日历和循环老化、温度和SOC等操作因素以及维护实践的影响，电池退化加剧了废物的产生，并使回收经济变得复杂。生命周期评估显示，锂离子电池的全球变暖潜能值为50-313 kg CO₂-eq/kWh，主要来自阴极生产，回收利用通过避免负担提供了重要的信用。对锂离子电池回收的蒙特卡罗模拟显示，65.2%的案例盈利，平均年利润为91万美元，加工质量为959万公斤时实现盈亏平衡。与首次生产相比，回收利用还可减少高达70.0 kg/kWh的二氧化碳排放量，突出了主要的环境效益。盈利能力是由废物供应、有效电池质量和材料收入驱动的。该研究强调了循环经济战略、电池退化管理和二次使用在实现废电池管理的长期环境和经济可持续性方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Analytical assurance of hydrogen purity: A comprehensive framework for trace contaminant verification and conformity assessment 氢纯度的分析保证：微量污染物验证和合格评定的综合框架

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.101015

Yuvarajan Devarajan , Christopher Selvam D , Dimple Bahri , Divyesh Rameshbhai Vaghela , Pradeep Kumar Jangid , Sikata Samantaray , Nakul Ramanna , Kulmani Mehar

The precise identification of trace contaminants in hydrogen is essential for safeguarding proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), facilitating reliable fuel cell implementation, and advancing global energy transition objectives outlined in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-7, which pertains to affordable and clean energy. This review synthesizes the analytical, metrological, and operational specifications necessary for the quantification of impurities at parts-per-million (ppm) to parts-per-billion (ppb) concentrations throughout the hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and dispensing processes that are vital for achieving SDG-9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure) and SDG-13 (climate action). Comparative evaluations of the performance of multi-detector gas chromatography (GC), laser-based spectroscopy (CRDS/FTIR), and mass-spectrometric techniques are provided, with a focus on matrix-matched calibration, interference suppression, recovery verification, and the stability of reactive species such as sulfur compounds, carbonyls, and ammonia. The review further delineates a metrologically rigorous conformity-assessment framework that incorporates integrity of sampling systems, memory mitigation strategies, preconcentration methodologies, SI-traceable calibration, uncertainty quantification, and guard-banded decision protocols to ensure robust compliance with ISO 14,687 and SAE J2719. Instead of merely reiterating numerical thresholds, the framework associates instrument capability with distinct uncertainty-aware decision protocols, thereby facilitating trustworthy quality assurance at the boundaries of specifications. Practical recommendations are offered for online and near-line monitoring systems, verification intervals, and standardized operating procedures (SOPs) to promote reproducible, auditable hydrogen quality assurance within the context of emerging clean energy infrastructures aligned with SDG objectives.

精确识别氢中的微量污染物对于保护质子交换膜燃料电池（pemfc）、促进燃料电池的可靠实施以及推进可持续发展目标(SDG)-7中概述的全球能源转型目标至关重要，该目标涉及可负担和清洁能源。本综述综合了在整个氢气生产、储存、运输和分配过程中对百万分之一（ppm）至十亿分之一（ppb）浓度的杂质进行定量所需的分析、计量和操作规范，这些规范对于实现可持续发展目标9（工业、创新和基础设施）和可持续发展目标13（气候行动）至关重要。对多检测器气相色谱（GC）、激光光谱（CRDS/FTIR）和质谱技术的性能进行了比较评估，重点关注基质匹配校准、干扰抑制、回收率验证以及活性物质（如硫化合物、羰基和氨）的稳定性。该综述进一步描述了计量学上严格的符合性评估框架，该框架结合了采样系统的完整性、内存缓解策略、预浓缩方法、si可追溯校准、不确定度量化和保护带决策协议，以确保严格符合ISO 14687和SAE J2719。该框架不是仅仅重申数值阈值，而是将仪器能力与不同的不确定性感知决策协议联系起来，从而促进了规范边界上值得信赖的质量保证。在符合可持续发展目标的新兴清洁能源基础设施背景下，为在线和近线监测系统、验证间隔和标准化操作程序（sop）提供实用建议，以促进可重复、可审计的氢气质量保证。

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引用次数: 0

Adsorption of Mn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ in MOF-808 and pyrazole-modified MOF-808: Selectivity trends assessed with microcalorimetry and spectroscopic analysis MOF-808和吡唑改性MOF-808对Mn2+、Co2+和Ni2+的吸附：用微量热法和光谱分析评估选择性趋势

IF 7.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2025.101003

Boyoung Song , Nadine Kabengi , Jackson Geary , Dorina F. Sava Gallis , Kevin Leung , Anastasia G. Ilgen

Zirconium(IV)-based metal-organic framework (MOF) MOF-808 and pyrazole-functionalized MOF-808 were investigated for the selective adsorption of Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, and Ni²⁺, the key components of lithium-ion battery cathodes. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to assess selectivity for each metal, while flow microcalorimetry was employed to assess thermodynamic signatures of adsorption. To understand molecular interactions between the MOFs and adsorbing metal ions we utilized attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and Ni K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopic analyses. For MOF-808, the adsorption followed Mn²⁺ > Co²⁺ ≈ Ni²⁺trend, following the changes in hydration energy of the examined ions. Pyrazole functionalization altered this trend by increasing the affinity of MOF-808-pyrazole for Ni only, while resulting in similar affinity for the other two ions (Ni²⁺ > Mn²⁺ > Co²⁺). Microcalorimetry revealed that Mn²⁺ adsorption on both MOFs was exothermic, whereas Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ adsorption was endothermic. Importantly, ATR-FTIR spectra showed peak growth and vibrational band shifts assigned to direct interactions of Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ with pyrazole groups, indicating that Ni²⁺ coordinates to N in pyrazole. Additionally, the shell-by-shell fitting of EXAFS data also indicated that some Ni²⁺ adsorption took place at the Zr oxo-cluster sites. These results demonstrate that metal adsorption by MOF-808 and MOF-808-pyrazole is metal-specific, governed by both hydration energy and the electrostatic interactions described by the Irving-Williams series. Importantly, pyrazole functionalization enables selective Ni²⁺ capture, offering new insights into ligand design within MOFs for target element separation from mixed aqueous systems.

研究了锆基金属有机骨架（MOF） MOF-808和吡唑功能化MOF-808对锂离子电池阴极关键组分Mn2+、Co2+和Ni2+的选择性吸附。通过批量吸附实验来评估每种金属的选择性，同时采用流动微热法来评估吸附的热力学特征。为了了解mof与吸附金属离子之间的分子相互作用，我们利用了衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外（ATR-FTIR）和Ni K-edge扩展x射线吸收精细结构（EXAFS）光谱分析。MOF-808的吸附遵循Mn2+ >； Co2+≈Ni2+的趋势，随所测离子水化能的变化而变化。吡唑功能化改变了这一趋势，增加了mof -808-吡唑只对Ni离子的亲和力，而对其他两个离子（Ni2+ > Mn2+ > Co2+）的亲和力相似。微量热分析表明，Mn2+在mof上的吸附是放热的，而Co2+和Ni2+的吸附是吸热的。重要的是，ATR-FTIR光谱显示了Co2+和Ni2+与吡唑基团直接相互作用的峰增长和振动带位移，表明Ni2+在吡唑中的坐标为N。此外，EXAFS数据的逐壳拟合也表明，在Zr氧簇位点发生了一些Ni2+吸附。这些结果表明，MOF-808和MOF-808-吡唑对金属的吸附是金属特异性的，受水化能和Irving-Williams系列描述的静电相互作用的控制。重要的是，吡唑功能化实现了选择性Ni2+捕获，为mof内的配体设计提供了新的见解，用于从混合水溶液中分离目标元素。

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引用次数: 0