Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification最新文献

{"title":"A novel approach for producing stable cellulose nanocrystal colloidal suspensions via hydrodynamic cavitation","authors":"Sergio Luis Yupanqui-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Isabela Karoline Dias ,&nbsp;Júlio Cesar dos Santos ,&nbsp;Valdeir Arantes","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving stable dispersion of cellulose-based nanomaterials is critical for preserving their properties and enabling various applications. This study investigates hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) as an efficient method for dispersing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) produced via enzymatic hydrolysis, comparing its performance with the conventional ultrasonication (US) method. HC successfully dispersed CNCs at a concentration of 0.2 % w/v in just 10 min, maintaining excellent colloidal stability after several days with minimal changes in particle size and transparency. In contrast, CNCs dispersed using US exhibited significant agglomeration and loss of colloidal stability. Additionally, CNCs dispersed via HC demonstrated strong potential as a gelling agent, as evidenceed by their use in formulating of a transparent gel-based hand sanitizer, positioning them as efficient alternative to commercial gels. Importantly, HC achieved up to ten times greater energy efficiency than US, with substantially lower energy dissipation per kilogram of CNC. This improved efficiency highlights HC advantages for large-scale industrial applications, offering sustainable and cost-effective solutions for nanomaterial production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocoagulation with aluminum screen mesh electrodes for oil removal from oil-in-water emulsion","authors":"Marcelly da Conceição Thomes ,&nbsp;Igor Gomes da Silva ,&nbsp;André Lucas Ribeiro da Silva Loures ,&nbsp;José Rafael Capua Proveti ,&nbsp;Cleocir José Dalmaschio ,&nbsp;Edson C. Passamani ,&nbsp;Paulo Sérgio da Silva Porto ,&nbsp;Eduardo Perini Muniz","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concentric cylindrical mesh screen electrodes were effectively used in the electrocoagulation (EC) method to treat machine oil effluents in a static batch system. A 3² experimental design was used with electric voltage (V_a) and polarity inversion time (t_pi) as input variables. Therefore, this work focused on the optimization of power consumption, electrode mass loss, oil content, and turbidity, maintaining pH within international standards. Monitoring pH evolution provided insights into the EC kinetics. This innovative geometry achieved a low energy consumption of about (2.5 ± 0.4) W, a specific energy requirement of (2.2 ± 0.2) kWh/kg for an oil content reduction of (91 ± 4) % and (97 ± 2) % turbidity reduction. These results stemmed from factors like the fast kinetics described by a Boltzmann sigmoidal function and the lack of a passivation layer to increase power consumption. Therefore, our results bring a strong contribution to treatments in static batch processes of oil emulsions in effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of energy, exergy, and environmental impacts of lemongrass oil-diesel blend with dimethyl and diethyl ethers in agricultural diesel engines","authors":"Sathiyamoorthi Ramalingam ,&nbsp;Senthil Sampath ,&nbsp;Thiruselvam Krishnamoorthi ,&nbsp;Murugapoopathi Saravanamuthu ,&nbsp;Damodharan Dillikannan","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigated the emission and performance characteristics along with fuel availability (exergy) and Energy of diesel, Lemongrass oil with dimethyl ether (DME) and diethyl ether (DEE) additives at volumetric ratios of 2.5 % and 5 % at different loads. The analysis is focused on shaft, cooling water, and exhaust availability. It was found that peak loads increase input availability. Peak load conditions maximized the gross work production because of fuel exergy in the combustion chamber. DEE 5 % with LGO25 had exergy efficiencies that were 69.54 % higher than diesel at 80 % load and entropy of 70.32 % lower entropy than diesel fuel 80 % load. The DEE and DME blend showed poor engine performance compared to diesel fuel as they produced higher cylinder pressure and temperature. It depicts that the LGO25 + DME 5 % fuel blend produced 33.3 % less Carbon monoxide, 6.1 % less Hydrocarbon and 28.01 % less smoke emission with respect to LGO25. The LGO25+DEE5 blends produced 11.25 % less Carbon monoxide emission, 21.05 % less Hydrocarbon emission along with 31.4 % less smoke emission against the LGO25 fueling operation. Moreover, Nitrogen Oxides (NO_x) emissions were increased by 7.82 % and 26.89 % at LGO25 with DME5 % and LGO25+DEE5 % blends respectively when compared with LGO25 fueling mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sustained release-direct precipitation preparation of vanadium pentoxide for energy utilisation from vanadium solution with high concentration of Fe and Al","authors":"Liuhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Huang ,&nbsp;Hong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct preparation of energy-grade vanadium pentoxide from vanadium-rich solutions is hindered by the variety and high levels of impurities. To address this issue, this study utilized carbamide as a sustained release-direct precipitant to explore the parameters and mechanisms involved in vanadium precipitation. The findings indicate that with an initial pH of 0, a reaction temperature of 98 °C, a reaction duration of 6 h, and a carbamide addition ratio of 20, the vanadium precipitation efficiency reached 95.84%, and the purity of the V₂O₅ product achieved 99.87%. This method significantly improves the purity of V₂O₅ from the conventional ammonium salt precipitation process, which typically yields around 95%, to over 99%. Analyses of crystal phase, chemical bonding, and thermal decomposition reveal that the vanadium phase transitions from VO²⁺ to (NH₄)_2y-5xV_xO_y, ultimately forming (NH₄)₂V₆O₁₆. The gradual release of the ammonium ion circumvents the issue of local overconcentration. The impurity ions did not significantly adsorb onto the surface of the precipitated crystals within a brief period. Crystals of ammonium polyvanadate can develop in perfect order without coprecipitation. The resulting ammonium polyvanadate exhibits a favourable crystal structure and smooth morphology; the purity of vanadium pentoxide exceeds 99.5%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and optimization of Tesla micromixer with asymmetrical arrangement for efficient mixing in microfluidic chip","authors":"Jiangtao Li ,&nbsp;Baojian Ma ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Qunxi Zhao ,&nbsp;Runze Sun ,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crucial pre-treatment part of the Micro Total Analysis Systems, micromixers are widely used in bioengineering, biochemical analysis, chemical detection and other fields. In this study, a novel Tesla micromixer (TSM) with an asymmetrical arrangement is designed. The asymmetrically arranged Tesla units generate significant vortices and localized mixing effects, enhancing the overall mixing efficiency. The effects of obstacle arrangement, geometry, and size on its mixing performance of the micromixer are investigated. The results indicate that fluids of varying concentrations are continuously compressed and collided along the TSM's fluid interface, improving the transverse diffusion effect during the mixing process. At Reynolds numbers (Re) between 30 and 100, the TSM achieves a mixing efficiency exceeding 0.7. Compared to other asymmetrically arranged Tesla micromixers, the TSM features a simpler structure and experiences less pressure drop during the mixing process. The two-way arrangement of obstacles is more effective at inducing secondary vortices and enhancing fluid mixing than the one-way arrangement, with triangular obstacles outperforming rhombic and cylindrical ones in promoting fluid mixing. With a bidirectional layout, triangular shape, and obstacle size of D=150 µm, the TSM achieves a mixing index between 0.85 and 0.99 within the Re range of 20 to 100. This research offers valuable insights into the design and optimization of the Tesla micromixer, providing essential guidance for fluid mixing in microfluidic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous and rapid preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin microspheres with adjustable sizes and structures in a microchannel reactor","authors":"Changfeng Zeng ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Lixiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin microspheres prepared by polymerization of urea and formaldehyde have broad applications because of their unique properties. In this paper, we present the preparation of UF microspheres with particle sizes of several microns at 100–180 °C and 1.5 MPa in 6–24 s in a simple microchannel reactor. A urea aqueous solution and formaldehyde solution containing formic acid as the catalyst were used as raw materials. Porous and flower-like UF microspheres as well as dense ones can be readily produced, with the former obtained mainly at lower temperatures, shorter residence times, and lower reactant concentrations. The porous microspheres can further grow to dense ones by prolonging the residence time, increasing the reaction temperature, or using reactants with higher concentrations. Compared with the present mainly used batch process to prepare UF microspheres using the same raw materials which need 3 h at 50 °C, this preparation method is swift and versatile in adjusting the particle size and structure. Moreover, flower-like UF microspheres could be produced and the pore size could be adjusted without additives. The results indicate a more environmentally friendly and economical synthesis method we developed. A possible formation mechanism of UF microspheres with various structures was proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensification of delignification using steam explosion combined with enzymatic hydrolysis for enhanced fermentable sugar production","authors":"Pedro Assini,&nbsp;Fernanda Airoldi,&nbsp;Suelly Ribeiro Hollas,&nbsp;Crisleine Perinazzo Draszewski,&nbsp;Francisco Dalcin Vezaro,&nbsp;Michel Brondani,&nbsp;Fernanda de Castilhos,&nbsp;Flávio Dias Mayer,&nbsp;Ederson Rossi Abaide","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybean hull is an agro-industrial residue widely generated due to the high productivity of soybean. This residue has high holocellulose content, which makes it feedstock for the production of fermentable sugars through the enzymatic hydrolysis process. This study evaluated the enhancement in fermentable sugar production from soybean hull through pretreatment by steam explosion before enzymatic hydrolysis. The steam explosion was evaluated by varying the reaction time of 2.5, 5, and 10 min at 180 °C and 5 MPa. Enzymatic hydrolysis was assessed from the activity of the enzyme filter paper unit (15 and 30) and load of the soybean hull <em>in natura</em> and soybean hull pretreated (1 % w/v and 2 % w/v). The results showed that steam explosion produced fermentable sugar (3.88 g/ 100 g), a difficultly quantified and reported result, in addition to recalcitrance reduction of the biomass, intensifying the total sugar yield in enzymatic hydrolysis. The highest sugar yield in enzymatic hydrolysis with soybean hull pretreated was 97.55 g/ 100 g, at 15 enzyme filter paper unit and 1 % load of the soybean hull. Steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis combined produced a maximum of 101.43 g/ 100 g, about 2.72 times than only enzymatic hydrolysis under the same conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of an axial flow cyclone with ongoing dust removal from a settling tank","authors":"Sebastian Dziubak,&nbsp;Tadeusz Dziubak","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110167","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The results of an experimental study are presented, the purpose of which was to evaluate the effect of geometric dimensions and flow parameters of an axial flow cyclone for different values of dust suction flux from the cyclone settler. The problem of current removal (by ejective suction) of dust from the cyclone settling tank with an additional flux is not sufficiently recognized in the field of numerical as well as experimental studies. The research conducted is novel and the results obtained are unique. It has been shown experimentally that the separation efficiency of the cyclone, in the range of inlet velocity &lt;em&gt;υ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 2–10 m/s, increases intensively with an increase in the degree of dust suction &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, but only up to a certain value. The use of dust degree of suction above &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; =10–15 % is unjustified due to a slight increase in separation efficiency, a significant increase in pressure drops. The cyclone in the basic version and several variants with changed geometric parameters were studied. The phenomenon of suction shifts the characteristics of separation efficiency &lt;em&gt;φ&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = (&lt;em&gt;υ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) and pressure drop Δ&lt;em&gt;p&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; = (&lt;em&gt;υ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) towards higher values. The introduction of dust suction from the settling tank at (&lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; =15 %) results in an increase in the separation efficiency of the cyclone in the basic version by 5 %, and by 12 % after changing the geometry of the impeller and outlet tube. The use of current dust removal from the settling tank of the multicyclone of the two-stage filter not only results in an increase in separation efficiency and accuracy, but also significantly extends the period of efficient operation of the motor vehicle engine inlet air filtration system.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The results of an experimental study are presented, the purpose of which was to evaluate the effect of geometric dimensions and flow parameters of an axial flow cyclone for different values of dust suction flux from the cyclone settler. The problem of current removal (by ejective suction) of dust from the cyclone settling tank with an additional flux is not sufficiently recognized in the field of numerical as well as experimental studies. The research conducted is novel and the results obtained are unique. It has been shown experimentally that the separation efficiency of the cyclone, in the range of inlet velocity &lt;em&gt;υ&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 2–10 m/s, increases intensively with an increase in the degree of dust suction &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, but only up to a certain value. The use of dust degree of suction above &lt;em&gt;m&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; =10–15 % is unjustified due to a slight increase in separation efficiency, a significant increase in pressure drops. The cyclone in the basic version and several variants with changed geometric parameters were studied. The phenomenon of suction shifts the characteristics of separation efficiency &lt;","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of static drying and drying with intermittent rotations in a horizontal drum of rice used in the cultivation of Metarhizium anisopliae","authors":"Daiane Bortolote Ferreira,&nbsp;Érika Fernanda Rezendes Tada,&nbsp;João Cláudio Thoméo","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The drying of rice inoculated with <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, traditionally carried out in the industry by opening the cultivation plastic packages in climate-controlled rooms, faces significant limitations regarding process productivity and scaling up. This study presents an innovative approach for the technological enhancement of rice drying, utilizing a horizontal drum partially filled and operating both statically and with intermittent rotations. A two-dimensional mathematical model considering purely diffusive mass transport was employed to simulate static drying. The results indicated that 23 days are required to reach a moisture content of 0.250 kg of water per kg of dry mass, with air flowing at 50 L/min in the drum headspace and at a temperature of 30 °C. The intermittent operation mode was carried out by rotating the drum at every 24 h and every 1 h and a reduction of 82.61 % and 97.79 %, respectively, were observed compared to the purely static operation mode. The mathematical models agreed with the experimental data, confirming their effectiveness in predicting moisture profiles and enabling scale-up studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interview with Dr. Emma Emanuelsson","authors":"Emma Anna Carolina Emanuelsson","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.110145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.110145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 110145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}