Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100167
Harsh B. Naithani , Rama Kant , Rajendra K. Meena , Maneesh S. Bhandari , Rimpee Garg
Dendrocalamus strictus, commonly known as Male bamboo or Lathi bans, accounts for approximately 53 % of India’s bamboo-growing area. The species has a flowering cycle ranging from about 25–45 years. In the present article,authors report recent gregarious flowering events in two states, namely Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra of India. These events are then compared with past historical flowering records and generated database of D. strictus. The present database will be utilized for future genetic conservation, improvement programmes, and management of bamboo genetic resources (BGRs).
{"title":"Gregarious flowering of Dendrocalamus strictus in Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra, India: Comapred with historical records","authors":"Harsh B. Naithani , Rama Kant , Rajendra K. Meena , Maneesh S. Bhandari , Rimpee Garg","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dendrocalamus strictus</em>, commonly known as Male bamboo or Lathi bans, accounts for approximately 53 % of India’s bamboo-growing area. The species has a flowering cycle ranging from about 25–45 years. In the present article,authors report recent gregarious flowering events in two states, namely Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra of India. These events are then compared with past historical flowering records and generated database of <em>D. strictus</em>. The present database will be utilized for future genetic conservation, improvement programmes, and management of bamboo genetic resources (BGRs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100164
Sanjeev Sharma
The restoration of giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea) along riparian areas offers significant ecological benefits, including water quality improvement, riparian areas stabilization, and enhanced wildlife habitat. However, identifying optimal sites for restoration in modified landscapes remains a challenge. This study leverages the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies, combined with machine learning techniques, to identify suitable sites for giant cane restoration in Missouri (MO), USA. Sentinel-2 imagery, soil and environmental data, and custom spectral indices were utilized to assess site suitability. A Random Forest (RF) classifier was trained with ground truth data representing suitable and unsuitable giant cane sites, achieving an overall accuracy score of 95 %, with 0.04 MSE and 0.2 RMSE. The model identified favourable sites predominantly located near riparian zones, enabling targeted restoration efforts. Results reveal spatial patterns linked to environmental factors, such as soil texture, moisture and pH, that influence site suitability for giant cane growth. This research highlights the potential of GIS and RS in ecological restoration, offering a robust framework for future projects focused on habitat restoration and conservation in riparian ecosystems. By combining field data with remote sensing, this study may contribute to the restoration of vital habitats, supporting biodiversity conservation and water quality enhancement.
{"title":"Use of Google Earth Engine in predicting future giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl.) restoration sites","authors":"Sanjeev Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The restoration of giant cane (<em>Arundinaria gigantea</em>) along riparian areas offers significant ecological benefits, including water quality improvement, riparian areas stabilization, and enhanced wildlife habitat. However, identifying optimal sites for restoration in modified landscapes remains a challenge. This study leverages the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies, combined with machine learning techniques, to identify suitable sites for giant cane restoration in Missouri (MO), USA. Sentinel-2 imagery, soil and environmental data, and custom spectral indices were utilized to assess site suitability. A Random Forest (RF) classifier was trained with ground truth data representing suitable and unsuitable giant cane sites, achieving an overall accuracy score of 95 %, with 0.04 MSE and 0.2 RMSE. The model identified favourable sites predominantly located near riparian zones, enabling targeted restoration efforts. Results reveal spatial patterns linked to environmental factors, such as soil texture, moisture and pH, that influence site suitability for giant cane growth. This research highlights the potential of GIS and RS in ecological restoration, offering a robust framework for future projects focused on habitat restoration and conservation in riparian ecosystems. By combining field data with remote sensing, this study may contribute to the restoration of vital habitats, supporting biodiversity conservation and water quality enhancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herbal tea has a long history in India and is made from various plant parts, including leaves and flowers. India has a rich variety of bamboo species. Bamboo leaves are used in some parts of the world, especially Asia, to make a mild and aromatic tea with potential health benefits. This review evaluates existing research on bamboo leaf tea, including the different bamboo species used, their chemical makeup and their antioxidant properties. The analysis of five studies covering nineteen bamboo species revealed that brewing methods impact the tea's chemical composition. All studies found phenols and flavonoids, suggesting health benefits. Strong antioxidant activity was confirmed through DPPH and FRAP assays, and this activity is further boosted by fermentation, as with kombucha, which increases the availability of beneficial compounds and adds helpful microbial byproducts. Bamboo leaf tea, being a sustainable and underutilized resource, offers potential for addressing some global health and environmental issues. This review summarizes the scientific evidence supporting the health benefits of bamboo leaf tea and discusses its potential in the development of new functional foods and drinks.
{"title":"Litter to liquor: An overview of bamboo tea, a cup full of natural antioxidants","authors":"Illora Narzary , Rosy Narzary , Jangila Basumatary , Sushil Kumar Middha , Talambedu Usha , Arvind Kumar Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbal tea has a long history in India and is made from various plant parts, including leaves and flowers. India has a rich variety of bamboo species. Bamboo leaves are used in some parts of the world, especially Asia, to make a mild and aromatic tea with potential health benefits. This review evaluates existing research on bamboo leaf tea, including the different bamboo species used, their chemical makeup and their antioxidant properties. The analysis of five studies covering nineteen bamboo species revealed that brewing methods impact the tea's chemical composition. All studies found phenols and flavonoids, suggesting health benefits. Strong antioxidant activity was confirmed through DPPH and FRAP assays, and this activity is further boosted by fermentation, as with kombucha, which increases the availability of beneficial compounds and adds helpful microbial byproducts. Bamboo leaf tea, being a sustainable and underutilized resource, offers potential for addressing some global health and environmental issues. This review summarizes the scientific evidence supporting the health benefits of bamboo leaf tea and discusses its potential in the development of new functional foods and drinks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100163
Rabeya Khatun , Ershad Ahmmed , Samina Ferdousi , Md. Abu Rayhan Khan , Md. Obaidullah Hannan , Md Ashaduzzaman , Arif Sikder , Atanu Kumar Das
Bamboo is crucial as a woody primary raw material for various products in tropical regions. It is also one of the strongest structural materials used in rural areas of developing countries. However, bamboo is susceptible to biodegradation, leading to the need for frequent replacement, which increases costs. Preservative treatment is essential to extend its lifespan. This study evaluated the feasibility of preservative treatment for three bamboo species: Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa vulgaris and Gigantochloa nigrociliata. The Full-Cell (Bethel) process was used to treat bamboo samples with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) (As₂CrCuO₉). The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed by measuring penetration and retention efficiency in both green and dried bamboo. Results showed that dried bamboo exhibited higher penetration and retention efficiency compared to green bamboo. The average penetration efficiency of dried bamboo was 92.9 %, 91.0 % and 93.9 % for D. giganteus, B. vulgaris and G. nigrociliata, respectively. The retention efficiency was 1.7, 1.5 and 1.8 kg m−3 for D. giganteus, B. vulgaris and G. nigrociliata, respectively. These findings indicate that all three bamboo species can be treated effectively with CCA.
在热带地区，竹子是各种产品的主要木质原料。它也是发展中国家农村地区使用的最坚固的结构材料之一。然而，竹子易受生物降解，导致需要频繁更换，这增加了成本。防腐处理对于延长其使用寿命至关重要。本研究评价了3种竹的防腐处理的可行性：巨竹、寻常竹和黑竹。采用全电池（Bethel）工艺用铬化砷酸铜（CCA） （As₂CrCuO₉）处理竹样品。通过测定青竹和干竹的渗透率和滞留率来评价处理的有效性。结果表明，干竹比青竹具有更高的渗透和滞留效率。干竹的平均穿透率分别为92.9 %、91.0 %和93.9 %。巨褐天牛、普通天牛和黑褐天牛的滞留率分别为1.7、1.5和1.8 kg m−3。这些结果表明，CCA对这三种竹种都可以有效地进行处理。
{"title":"Preservative treatment of the bamboos Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa vulgaris and Gigantochloa nigrociliata","authors":"Rabeya Khatun , Ershad Ahmmed , Samina Ferdousi , Md. Abu Rayhan Khan , Md. Obaidullah Hannan , Md Ashaduzzaman , Arif Sikder , Atanu Kumar Das","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo is crucial as a woody primary raw material for various products in tropical regions. It is also one of the strongest structural materials used in rural areas of developing countries. However, bamboo is susceptible to biodegradation, leading to the need for frequent replacement, which increases costs. Preservative treatment is essential to extend its lifespan. This study evaluated the feasibility of preservative treatment for three bamboo species: <em>Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa vulgaris</em> and <em>Gigantochloa nigrociliata</em>. The Full-Cell (Bethel) process was used to treat bamboo samples with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) (As₂CrCuO₉). The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed by measuring penetration and retention efficiency in both green and dried bamboo. Results showed that dried bamboo exhibited higher penetration and retention efficiency compared to green bamboo. The average penetration efficiency of dried bamboo was 92.9 %, 91.0 % and 93.9 % for <em>D. giganteus, B. vulgaris</em> and <em>G. nigrociliata</em>, respectively. The retention efficiency was 1.7, 1.5 and 1.8 kg m<sup>−3</sup> for <em>D. giganteus, B. vulgaris</em> and <em>G. nigrociliata</em>, respectively. These findings indicate that all three bamboo species can be treated effectively with CCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100160
Ramon A. Razal , Emmanuel L. Bernardo , Lerma SJ. Maldia , Mark Anthony T. Ramos , Clarissa Mae P. Escalona , Maria Angie D. Tayangona , Consorcia E. Reaño
Selected morphological and physico-mechanical properties of the culms of three bamboo species namely bolo (Gigantochloa levis), kawayan tinik (Bambusa spinosa) and giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) grown across various Philippine sites under different climatic types were evaluated. Likewise, DNA was extracted from leaf samples of the three species for genetic characterization. All the selected properties (culm wall thickness, culm diameter, green specific gravity, maximum volumetric shrinkage, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, fibre stress at proportional limit in bending and compressive stress along the grain) for the three species were location dependent. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed location-based differences in the mechanical and morphological properties of B. spinosa, G. levis, and D. asper. B. spinosa exhibited consistent properties across all locations, while G. levis and D. asper showed significant variations in the province of Rizal, where mechanical traits such as modulus of elasticity (MOE) and maximum compressive stress (MaxStress) were more pronounced. Additionally, D. asper samples from Bukidnon province displayed unique clustering, indicating distinct mechanical characteristics compared to other locations. DNA sequence analysis of individuals based on DNA barcode genes, matK and rbcL, revealed no sequence type variation among locations per species, confirming the correctness of their respective taxonomic identity, and that the choice of localities for collection based on the known distribution of the species appears justified.
{"title":"Morphological and mechanical properties of three commercially important bamboo species from different geographic locations in the Philippines","authors":"Ramon A. Razal , Emmanuel L. Bernardo , Lerma SJ. Maldia , Mark Anthony T. Ramos , Clarissa Mae P. Escalona , Maria Angie D. Tayangona , Consorcia E. Reaño","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selected morphological and physico-mechanical properties of the culms of three bamboo species namely bolo (<em>Gigantochloa levis</em>), kawayan tinik (<em>Bambusa spinosa</em>) and giant bamboo (<em>Dendrocalamus asper</em>) grown across various Philippine sites under different climatic types were evaluated. Likewise, DNA was extracted from leaf samples of the three species for genetic characterization. All the selected properties (culm wall thickness, culm diameter, green specific gravity, maximum volumetric shrinkage, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, fibre stress at proportional limit in bending and compressive stress along the grain) for the three species were location dependent. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed location-based differences in the mechanical and morphological properties of <em>B. spinosa</em>, <em>G. levis</em>, and <em>D. asper</em>. <em>B. spinosa</em> exhibited consistent properties across all locations, while <em>G. levis</em> and <em>D. asper</em> showed significant variations in the province of Rizal, where mechanical traits such as modulus of elasticity (MOE) and maximum compressive stress (MaxStress) were more pronounced. Additionally, <em>D. asper</em> samples from Bukidnon province displayed unique clustering, indicating distinct mechanical characteristics compared to other locations. DNA sequence analysis of individuals based on DNA barcode genes, <em>matK</em> and <em>rbcL</em>, revealed no sequence type variation among locations per species, confirming the correctness of their respective taxonomic identity, and that the choice of localities for collection based on the known distribution of the species appears justified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Columnar-shaped bamboo activated carbon (CAC) has the advantages of wide availability, low cost and environmental friendliness. In this study, the steam physical activation method was used to prepare CAC with bamboo tar as the adhesive and bamboo charcoal powder as the raw material. The effects of activation temperature, activation time and water vapour intake on the properties of CAC and the optimal activation process parameters were investigated (activation temperature was 850 ℃, activation reaction time was 2.5 h and activation reaction water vapour intake was 10 mL/min). MnO2/Ag load modification was performed on the CAC to enhance its adsorption performance. When the MnO2 load was 9 % and the Ag load was 3 %, the modified CAC had good pore structure (specific surface area of 914.037 m2/g, total pore volume of 0.450 cm3/g, micropore volume of 0.368 cm3/g) and excellent adsorption and degradation properties (the dynamic adsorption capacity of formaldehyde and toluene were 313 mg/g and 286 mg/g respectively, and the degradation rate of formaldehyde reached 94 %). This paper provides a theoretical basis for the production of high quality, high adsorption CAC capable of degrading formaldehyde and other harmful gases.
{"title":"Activation process optimization and MnO2/Ag modification results of bamboo-based columnar-shaped activated carbon","authors":"Suzhen Zhang , Huan Liu , Yipeng Liang, Zhongqing Ma, Jingda Huang, Wenbiao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Columnar-shaped bamboo activated carbon (CAC) has the advantages of wide availability, low cost and environmental friendliness. In this study, the steam physical activation method was used to prepare CAC with bamboo tar as the adhesive and bamboo charcoal powder as the raw material. The effects of activation temperature, activation time and water vapour intake on the properties of CAC and the optimal activation process parameters were investigated (activation temperature was 850 ℃, activation reaction time was 2.5 h and activation reaction water vapour intake was 10 mL/min). MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag load modification was performed on the CAC to enhance its adsorption performance. When the MnO<sub>2</sub> load was 9 % and the Ag load was 3 %, the modified CAC had good pore structure (specific surface area of 914.037 m<sup>2</sup>/g, total pore volume of 0.450 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, micropore volume of 0.368 cm<sup>3</sup>/g) and excellent adsorption and degradation properties (the dynamic adsorption capacity of formaldehyde and toluene were 313 mg/g and 286 mg/g respectively, and the degradation rate of formaldehyde reached 94 %). This paper provides a theoretical basis for the production of high quality, high adsorption CAC capable of degrading formaldehyde and other harmful gases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100162
Yeni Rahayu , Rodiyati Azrianingsih , Goh Wei Lim , Estri L. Arumingtyas
Schizostachyum caudatum is a Sumatran native bamboo that has a solid culm. This species is rarely utilized and considered sacred by the locals, although it has great commercial value. It merits a lot more research. Research data on this species dates back 30 years, with no updates since then. We performed rediscoveries of this species and built a distribution map. Field research revealed four records of its presence in a population size of one clump each, except for the population in Umbul Limau, Sukarame Village, which has ten clumps. The clump density is approximately one per square meter. However, the clump density can reach 0.3 per square meter in Umbul Limau, Sukarame Village. Two records of this species are new cultivations, and their location has never been previously reported. We assessed the environmental parameters of the native habitat of S. caudatum based on the attribute data layers, such as rocks, topography, and rainfall. The habitat preference of this species is an area with volcanic substratum, high humidity, and annual rainfall of around 3000 mm. The topography ranges from hilly to mountainous areas, with an 850–1100 m above sea level. Understanding the distribution patterns of this endemic and vulnerable species is important when determining suitable locations for ex-situ conservation and implementation.
{"title":"Rediscovery of Schizostachyum caudatum Backer ex Heyne (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and predicting its habitat preference using geospatial analysis","authors":"Yeni Rahayu , Rodiyati Azrianingsih , Goh Wei Lim , Estri L. Arumingtyas","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Schizostachyum caudatum</em> is a Sumatran native bamboo that has a solid culm. This species is rarely utilized and considered sacred by the locals, although it has great commercial value. It merits a lot more research. Research data on this species dates back 30 years, with no updates since then. We performed rediscoveries of this species and built a distribution map. Field research revealed four records of its presence in a population size of one clump each, except for the population in Umbul Limau, Sukarame Village, which has ten clumps. The clump density is approximately one per square meter. However, the clump density can reach 0.3 per square meter in Umbul Limau, Sukarame Village. Two records of this species are new cultivations, and their location has never been previously reported. We assessed the environmental parameters of the native habitat of <em>S. caudatum</em> based on the attribute data layers, such as rocks, topography, and rainfall. The habitat preference of this species is an area with volcanic substratum, high humidity, and annual rainfall of around 3000 mm. The topography ranges from hilly to mountainous areas, with an 850–1100 m above sea level. Understanding the distribution patterns of this endemic and vulnerable species is important when determining suitable locations for ex-situ conservation and implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-05DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100159
Norhafizah Saari , Sitti Fatimah Mhd Ramle , Nur Salsabilla Zahidan , Nur Ayuni Ahmad , Zubaidah Aimi Abdul Hamid , Abdul Fattah Nongman , Nurul Fazita Mohamad Rawi
Cellulose bio-foam (CBF) was developed using bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.) cellulose with varying fibre content concentrations (0 %, 10 % and 20 %) incorporated with starch and glycerol through the evaporative drying method. The morphology and microstructure of the CBF were analysed using scanning electron microscopy and optical light microscopy. Results revealed that CBF with 0 % cellulose fibre content exhibited a smoother surface compared to the rougher textures observed in 10 % and 20 % fibre content. The addition of cellulose fibres increased both the average and mean cell sizes, with pore sizes ranging from 0.93 mm to 2.69 mm for 10 % and from 0.94 mm to 3.27 mm for 20 %. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the presence of cellulose microfibrils through the detection of carbon and oxygen elements. Thermogravimetric analysis further demonstrated that the accumulation of glycerol on the surface of microfibrils at 20 % cellulose fibre content enhanced the thermal stability of the CBF by increasing its degradation temperature. Notably, the addition of cellulose fibres significantly improved the mechanical properties of the CBF. Among the samples, CBF with 10 % cellulose content exhibited the highest mechanical strength, with a Young’s modulus of 78.74 N/m², compared to 6.91 N/m² for 0 % and 59.71 N/m² for 20 %. These findings highlight the optimal performance of CBF with 10 % cellulose content in terms of mechanical strength and overall material properties.
{"title":"Extraction of cellulose from bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.) for bio-foam applications","authors":"Norhafizah Saari , Sitti Fatimah Mhd Ramle , Nur Salsabilla Zahidan , Nur Ayuni Ahmad , Zubaidah Aimi Abdul Hamid , Abdul Fattah Nongman , Nurul Fazita Mohamad Rawi","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellulose bio-foam (CBF) was developed using bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris <u>Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.</u>) cellulose with varying fibre content concentrations (0 %, 10 % and 20 %) incorporated with starch and glycerol through the evaporative drying method. The morphology and microstructure of the CBF were analysed using scanning electron microscopy and optical light microscopy. Results revealed that CBF with 0 % cellulose fibre content exhibited a smoother surface compared to the rougher textures observed in 10 % and 20 % fibre content. The addition of cellulose fibres increased both the average and mean cell sizes, with pore sizes ranging from 0.93 mm to 2.69 mm for 10 % and from 0.94 mm to 3.27 mm for 20 %. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the presence of cellulose microfibrils through the detection of carbon and oxygen elements. Thermogravimetric analysis further demonstrated that the accumulation of glycerol on the surface of microfibrils at 20 % cellulose fibre content enhanced the thermal stability of the CBF by increasing its degradation temperature. Notably, the addition of cellulose fibres significantly improved the mechanical properties of the CBF. Among the samples, CBF with 10 % cellulose content exhibited the highest mechanical strength, with a Young’s modulus of 78.74 N/m², compared to 6.91 N/m² for 0 % and 59.71 N/m² for 20 %. These findings highlight the optimal performance of CBF with 10 % cellulose content in terms of mechanical strength and overall material properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sugarcane leaves, a vast but under-utilized agricultural residue in Thailand, hold significant potential for biofuel production. However, challenges such as high organic ash content and low calorific value limit their effectiveness as biomass pellet fuel. This study aims to overcome these limitations by combining sugarcane leaves with bamboo at various ratios (5:0, 1:4, 2:3, 3:2, 4:1, 0:5) to improve fuel properties. The resulting pellets were tested against ISO 17225–6:2021 standards. Findings indicate that blending sugarcane leaves with bamboo enhances key physical properties, including length, bulk density, dust content and durability. For combustion properties, sugarcane-bamboo ratios of 4:1, 3:2, 2:3 and 1:4 yielded calorific values above 14,500 J/g, meeting essential biomass fuel standards. Additionally, inorganic ash content was reduced to below 10 % in pellets with sugarcane to bamboo ratios of 3:2, 2:3 and 1:4, aligning with ISO specifications. These results suggest that a sugarcane to bamboo ratio above 3:2 produces pellets that meet ISO standards, demonstrating that biomass blending is an effective approach to optimize solid fuel properties.
{"title":"Optimizing biomass pellet quality from sugarcane leaves and bamboo for sustainable biofuel production","authors":"Rachata Tobias Baur , Sarun Tuedic , Jirath Promploy , Keerati Kirasamutranon","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sugarcane leaves, a vast but under-utilized agricultural residue in Thailand, hold significant potential for biofuel production. However, challenges such as high organic ash content and low calorific value limit their effectiveness as biomass pellet fuel. This study aims to overcome these limitations by combining sugarcane leaves with bamboo at various ratios (5:0, 1:4, 2:3, 3:2, 4:1, 0:5) to improve fuel properties. The resulting pellets were tested against ISO 17225–6:2021 standards. Findings indicate that blending sugarcane leaves with bamboo enhances key physical properties, including length, bulk density, dust content and durability. For combustion properties, sugarcane-bamboo ratios of 4:1, 3:2, 2:3 and 1:4 yielded calorific values above 14,500 J/g, meeting essential biomass fuel standards. Additionally, inorganic ash content was reduced to below 10 % in pellets with sugarcane to bamboo ratios of 3:2, 2:3 and 1:4, aligning with ISO specifications. These results suggest that a sugarcane to bamboo ratio above 3:2 produces pellets that meet ISO standards, demonstrating that biomass blending is an effective approach to optimize solid fuel properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100158
Chris Johnniel France Rana, Aralyn L. Quintos-Cortiguerra, Alexis B. Dorado, Juanito P. Jimenez, Jr
Bamboo processing wastes from small to medium-sized factories are generated in substantial quantities. To maximize its utilization, this study explored the conversion of bamboo wastes into bamboo waste particleboard (BWPB) and the effects of a lacquer sanding sealer (LSS) soaking on its properties. BWPB samples were soaked in LSS for 5, 15 and 30 minutes, and their physico-mechanical properties, namely thickness swelling (TS), water absorption (WA), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB) strength, moisture content (MC) and board density (BD), were evaluated based on PNS/ISO 16893:2017 and related literature. Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were conducted to assess the penetration and effectiveness of the LSS treatment. Both the control (unsoaked) and the LSS-soaked BWPB were classified as medium-density. The MC of the LSS-soaked samples was significantly lower than that of the unsoaked boards. LSS-soaked BWPB also increased in weight, with longer soaking times resulting in greater weight gain. The LSS treatment significantly improved mechanical properties, reducing TS and WA while enhancing MOR, MOE and IB strength. Microscopy and FTIR confirmed greater LSS absorption with extended soaking times. These findings indicate that LSS-soaked BWPB met P-GP MR2 standards in the PNS/ISO 16893:2017, making it suitable for general-purpose applications. Additionally, bio-inspired product prototypes were developed to demonstrate the enhanced particleboard’s aesthetic and functional potential.
{"title":"Influence of lacquer sanding sealer treatment on the properties of bamboo waste particleboards for sustainable handicrafts","authors":"Chris Johnniel France Rana, Aralyn L. Quintos-Cortiguerra, Alexis B. Dorado, Juanito P. Jimenez, Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo processing wastes from small to medium-sized factories are generated in substantial quantities. To maximize its utilization, this study explored the conversion of bamboo wastes into bamboo waste particleboard (BWPB) and the effects of a lacquer sanding sealer (LSS) soaking on its properties. BWPB samples were soaked in LSS for 5, 15 and 30 minutes, and their physico-mechanical properties, namely thickness swelling (TS), water absorption (WA), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB) strength, moisture content (MC) and board density (BD), were evaluated based on PNS/ISO 16893:2017 and related literature. Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were conducted to assess the penetration and effectiveness of the LSS treatment. Both the control (unsoaked) and the LSS-soaked BWPB were classified as medium-density. The MC of the LSS-soaked samples was significantly lower than that of the unsoaked boards. LSS-soaked BWPB also increased in weight, with longer soaking times resulting in greater weight gain. The LSS treatment significantly improved mechanical properties, reducing TS and WA while enhancing MOR, MOE and IB strength. Microscopy and FTIR confirmed greater LSS absorption with extended soaking times. These findings indicate that LSS-soaked BWPB met P-GP MR2 standards in the PNS/ISO 16893:2017, making it suitable for general-purpose applications. Additionally, bio-inspired product prototypes were developed to demonstrate the enhanced particleboard’s aesthetic and functional potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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