Pub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100157
Asita Elengoe , Chun Hoe Tan , Sandeep Poddar
Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide health concern that requires immediate attention. The abundance of bioactive phytochemicals with a variety of structures found in natural products has made them a promising source for drug discovery. Large numbers of bioactive phytochemicals associated with antimicrobial activity have been found in the common bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris, such as phenolic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids and sterols. Although there have been some reports about the antimicrobial activity of B. vulgaris and its bioactive phytochemicals, there is currently a lack of research regarding the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of these phytochemicals. Determining the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the phytochemicals is crucial to ensure safety, minimize the toxicity, identify the bioavailability, and support clinical research and regulatory approval of B. vulgaris as a source of antimicrobial agents. Here, computational analyses were performed on 17 phytochemicals that were isolated from B. vulgaris and taken from the scientific literature. The findings demonstrate that 12 of the 17 phytochemicals complied with Veber's rule and Lipinski's rule of five, indicating their good oral bioavailability and drug-likeness. Only half of the filtered phytochemicals, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid and vanillic acid, were found to be non-toxic after further testing for potential toxicity. Molecular docking simulations were then performed, and it is evident that these six phytochemicals may thermodynamically bind to selected microbial proteins, with hydrophobic interactions predominating. p-coumaric acid had the strongest affinity for binding to all three microbial proteins: S. aureus DNA gyrase A (PDB: 2XCT), S. aureus DNA gyrase B (PDB: 3G75), and secreted aspartic protease (PDB ID: 1ZAP).
{"title":"Computational analysis of antimicrobial phytochemicals from Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl.: Pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and molecular docking","authors":"Asita Elengoe , Chun Hoe Tan , Sandeep Poddar","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide health concern that requires immediate attention. The abundance of bioactive phytochemicals with a variety of structures found in natural products has made them a promising source for drug discovery. Large numbers of bioactive phytochemicals associated with antimicrobial activity have been found in the common bamboo, <em>Bambusa vulgaris</em>, such as phenolic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids and sterols. Although there have been some reports about the antimicrobial activity of <em>B. vulgaris</em> and its bioactive phytochemicals, there is currently a lack of research regarding the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of these phytochemicals. Determining the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the phytochemicals is crucial to ensure safety, minimize the toxicity, identify the bioavailability, and support clinical research and regulatory approval of <em>B. vulgaris</em> as a source of antimicrobial agents. Here, computational analyses were performed on 17 phytochemicals that were isolated from <em>B. vulgaris</em> and taken from the scientific literature. The findings demonstrate that 12 of the 17 phytochemicals complied with Veber's rule and Lipinski's rule of five, indicating their good oral bioavailability and drug-likeness. Only half of the filtered phytochemicals, <em>p</em>-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid and vanillic acid, were found to be non-toxic after further testing for potential toxicity. Molecular docking simulations were then performed, and it is evident that these six phytochemicals may thermodynamically bind to selected microbial proteins, with hydrophobic interactions predominating. <em>p</em>-coumaric acid had the strongest affinity for binding to all three microbial proteins: <em>S. aureus</em> DNA gyrase A (PDB: 2XCT), <em>S. aureus</em> DNA gyrase B (PDB: 3G75), and secreted aspartic protease (PDB ID: 1ZAP).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bamboo culms are a renewable natural resource widely used in housing construction. The structural characteristics of bamboo culms vary depending on their maturity state and the influence of aging on maturation, particularly regarding strength properties. This case study focuses on evaluating the state of maturity of bamboo material (strips/slats) from the species Dendrocalamus asper. The objective was to determine its maturity state and establish a reliable criterion for its classification and use in construction. To assess culm maturity, mature culms were identified as those where the cells near the vascular bundles were completely filled with fibers, as indicated by a reddish colouration when stained with safranin, with no blank spaces remaining. Anatomical sections of D. asper culm samples were prepared using a microtome and stained with safranin. Our results showed that 60 % of the analyzed material exhibited an immature condition. This case study provides a methodology for verifying bamboo material for use in construction, which can be applied in other cases where the maturity of bamboo is uncertain.
{"title":"Anatomy of the culm of Dendrocalamus asper (Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) to determine its mature status: Case study of its use in construction","authors":"Tania Cerrón-Oyague , Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez , Gonzalo Torres-Zules , Rolando Montenegro-Muro , Manuel Chavesta-Custodio , Farut Varón-Virguez","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo culms are a renewable natural resource widely used in housing construction. The structural characteristics of bamboo culms vary depending on their maturity state and the influence of aging on maturation, particularly regarding strength properties. This case study focuses on evaluating the state of maturity of bamboo material (strips/slats) from the species <em>Dendrocalamus asper</em>. The objective was to determine its maturity state and establish a reliable criterion for its classification and use in construction. To assess culm maturity, mature culms were identified as those where the cells near the vascular bundles were completely filled with fibers, as indicated by a reddish colouration when stained with safranin, with no blank spaces remaining. Anatomical sections of <em>D. asper</em> culm samples were prepared using a microtome and stained with safranin. Our results showed that 60 % of the analyzed material exhibited an immature condition. This case study provides a methodology for verifying bamboo material for use in construction, which can be applied in other cases where the maturity of bamboo is uncertain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dendrocalamus strictus, commonly known as lathi baans on the Indian subcontinent, holds significant potential as a sustainable raw material for diverse industrial applications, including bioenergy, pulp and paper production, and biodegradable composites. Despite its potential, a comprehensive understanding of its chemical composition, particularly across different growth stages, remains scarce. This gap in knowledge limits its efficient utilization in various industries. Hence, we determined the effect of age and height on the chemical characteristics of two different genotypes of D. strictus. The top part of three-year-old culms was recorded with the highest holocellulose (DS01: 71.9 %, DS02: 72.6 %) and alpha cellulose (DS01: 51.5 %, DS02: 52.8 %) content, while their base showed the highest value of klason lignin (DS01: 26.0 %, DS02: 24.2 %), alcohol-benzene soluble extractives (DS01: 3.3 %, DS02: 2.57 %), and ash content (DS01: 3.93 %, DS02: 4.0 %). The bottom portion of one-year-old culms showed the highest values of cold-water (DS01: 7.02 %, DS02: 7.42 %), hot-water (DS01: 10.6 %, DS02: 11.0 %), and 1 % NaOH solubility (DS01: 26.0 %, DS02: 25.3 %). The effect of age and genotype was significant (p < 0.05) for all chemical characteristics, while the influence of height section was only observed for holocellulose, alpha cellulose and klason lignin content. In contrast to DS01, DS02 exhibited ideal chemical properties for industrial end uses. However, selection of material from an appropriate height in the culm in DS01 may enhance its value for industrial application. These insights are pivotal in determining the ideal harvest age and position, ensuring maximum yield and efficiency in the sustainable utilization of D. strictus resources.
{"title":"Age and height as determinants of the chemical properties of two morphometrically superior genotypes of Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees: Prospects for advances in industrial applications","authors":"Shivani Rohilla , Vikas Rana , Harish S. Ginwal , Unnati Chaudhary , Neeraj Prajapati , Shuank Malik , Santan Barthwal","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dendrocalamus strictus,</em> commonly known as <em>lathi baans</em> on the Indian subcontinent, holds significant potential as a sustainable raw material for diverse industrial applications, including bioenergy, pulp and paper production, and biodegradable composites. Despite its potential, a comprehensive understanding of its chemical composition, particularly across different growth stages, remains scarce. This gap in knowledge limits its efficient utilization in various industries. Hence, we determined the effect of age and height on the chemical characteristics of two different genotypes of <em>D. strictus</em>. The top part of three-year-old culms was recorded with the highest holocellulose (DS01: 71.9 %, DS02: 72.6 %) and alpha cellulose (DS01: 51.5 %, DS02: 52.8 %) content, while their base showed the highest value of klason lignin (DS01: 26.0 %, DS02: 24.2 %), alcohol-benzene soluble extractives (DS01: 3.3 %, DS02: 2.57 %), and ash content (DS01: 3.93 %, DS02: 4.0 %). The bottom portion of one-year-old culms showed the highest values of cold-water (DS01: 7.02 %, DS02: 7.42 %), hot-water (DS01: 10.6 %, DS02: 11.0 %), and 1 % NaOH solubility (DS01: 26.0 %, DS02: 25.3 %). The effect of age and genotype was significant (p < 0.05) for all chemical characteristics, while the influence of height section was only observed for holocellulose, alpha cellulose and klason lignin content. In contrast to DS01, DS02 exhibited ideal chemical properties for industrial end uses. However, selection of material from an appropriate height in the culm in DS01 may enhance its value for industrial application. These insights are pivotal in determining the ideal harvest age and position, ensuring maximum yield and efficiency in the sustainable utilization of <em>D. strictus</em> resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100154
Zhen Yu , Sijia Cai , Xueyun Xuan , Shiying Su , Jiaqi Tan , Zhijun Zhang
Moso bamboo is an important fast-growing forest species. The rapid growth of its shoots and its ability to respond to environmental stresses, such as drought and low temperatures, directly influence its shoot yield and quality. The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) family comprises a group of regulatory proteins involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism, which are essential for plant growth, development and stress responses. In this study, we identified a total of 18 VDAC gene family members from the Moso bamboo genome-wide data using bioinformatics methods and systematically analyzed their physicochemical properties, collinearity, chromosomal localization, conserved structural domains and motifs, cis-acting elements and evolutionary relationships. By mining transcriptome data, we characterized the expression patterns of the VDAC gene family during the rapid developmental stages of Moso bamboo shoots, as well as under different hormonal and abiotic stresses, including high salt and drought. The results suggest that the VDAC gene family may promote the rapid development of bamboo shoots and enhance plant responsiveness to hormonal and abiotic stresses. Additionally, we predicted the transcription factors that regulate VDAC-related transcripts, performed protein interaction analysis and initially constructed a VDAC-related regulatory and interaction network. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the functions of VDACs in bamboo plants and screening candidate genes related to rapid growth and stress tolerance.
{"title":"Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression pattern analysis of the VDAC gene family reveals likely roles in rapid shoot growth and abiotic stress in Moso bamboo ((Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J.Houz.)","authors":"Zhen Yu , Sijia Cai , Xueyun Xuan , Shiying Su , Jiaqi Tan , Zhijun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moso bamboo is an important fast-growing forest species. The rapid growth of its shoots and its ability to respond to environmental stresses, such as drought and low temperatures, directly influence its shoot yield and quality. The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) family comprises a group of regulatory proteins involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism, which are essential for plant growth, development and stress responses. In this study, we identified a total of 18 <em>VDAC</em> gene family members from the Moso bamboo genome-wide data using bioinformatics methods and systematically analyzed their physicochemical properties, collinearity, chromosomal localization, conserved structural domains and motifs, <em>cis</em>-acting elements and evolutionary relationships. By mining transcriptome data, we characterized the expression patterns of the <em>VDAC</em> gene family during the rapid developmental stages of Moso bamboo shoots, as well as under different hormonal and abiotic stresses, including high salt and drought. The results suggest that the <em>VDAC</em> gene family may promote the rapid development of bamboo shoots and enhance plant responsiveness to hormonal and abiotic stresses. Additionally, we predicted the transcription factors that regulate <em>VDAC</em>-related transcripts, performed protein interaction analysis and initially constructed a <em>VDAC</em>-related regulatory and interaction network. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the functions of <em>VDACs</em> in bamboo plants and screening candidate genes related to rapid growth and stress tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100144
Hong Nam Nguyen , Thanh Phong Bui , Thi Thu Huong Tran , Thi Hong Hanh Nguyen , Phuong Thu Le
The increasing presence of oxytetracycline (OTC) in water sources due to its extensive use in aquaculture and livestock rearing necessitates effective removal techniques. We evaluated the adsorption performance of two forms of bamboo-derived biochar, one produced through CO2 activation (B1) and the other produced through steam activation (B2), in both batch and continuous systems. The results showed that bamboo-derived biochar exhibited low ash content and high fixed carbon, with the biochar produced by steam activation (B2) demonstrating better porosity, as evidenced by lower bulk density and bee-hive structures observed in the SEM images. Batch experiments showed that B2 exhibited a higher maximum adsorption capacity (34.3 mg/g) compared to B1 (21.5 mg/g) under optimized conditions. Continuous column experiments revealed that B2 achieved superior performance, with a breakthrough time of 50 h and a maximum adsorption capacity of 100 mg/g, significantly higher than B1's breakthrough time of 20 h and capacity of 44 mg/g. Under re-used conditions, B2 out-performed B1 with Ce/C0 stabilizing at ∼0.1, compared to ∼0.4 for B1, highlighting the enhanced efficiency of B2 over repeated cycles. However, after regeneration using distilled water, both materials exhibited a significant decline in adsorption performance, with Ce/C0 values exceeding 0.8, indicating the ineffectiveness of the regeneration method. These results emphasize the structural advantages of B2, contributing to its superior adsorption performance in both batch and continuous systems. Despite these strengths, the limited reusability of both materials underscores the need for optimized regeneration protocols.
{"title":"Bamboo-derived biochar as an efficient adsorbent for oxytetracycline removal from water","authors":"Hong Nam Nguyen , Thanh Phong Bui , Thi Thu Huong Tran , Thi Hong Hanh Nguyen , Phuong Thu Le","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing presence of oxytetracycline (OTC) in water sources due to its extensive use in aquaculture and livestock rearing necessitates effective removal techniques. We evaluated the adsorption performance of two forms of bamboo-derived biochar, one produced through CO<sub>2</sub> activation (B1) and the other produced through steam activation (B2), in both batch and continuous systems. The results showed that bamboo-derived biochar exhibited low ash content and high fixed carbon, with the biochar produced by steam activation (B2) demonstrating better porosity, as evidenced by lower bulk density and bee-hive structures observed in the SEM images. Batch experiments showed that B2 exhibited a higher maximum adsorption capacity (34.3 mg/g) compared to B1 (21.5 mg/g) under optimized conditions. Continuous column experiments revealed that B2 achieved superior performance, with a breakthrough time of 50 h and a maximum adsorption capacity of 100 mg/g, significantly higher than B1's breakthrough time of 20 h and capacity of 44 mg/g. Under re-used conditions, B2 out-performed B1 with Ce/C<sub>0</sub> stabilizing at ∼0.1, compared to ∼0.4 for B1, highlighting the enhanced efficiency of B2 over repeated cycles. However, after regeneration using distilled water, both materials exhibited a significant decline in adsorption performance, with Ce/C<sub>0</sub> values exceeding 0.8, indicating the ineffectiveness of the regeneration method. These results emphasize the structural advantages of B2, contributing to its superior adsorption performance in both batch and continuous systems. Despite these strengths, the limited reusability of both materials underscores the need for optimized regeneration protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100150
Cyrus J. Januarie, Davie M. Kadyampakeni
Bamboo is widely used for food, timber, furniture, building materials and making paper. With the growing demand for bamboo shoots in the United States, many growers are exploring bamboo production. In Florida, very few studies on bamboo fertilization exist from different regions and agroecologies. This study evaluated nitrogen (N) fertilization effects on young bamboo plants under greenhouse conditions. One-year-old Dendrocalamus asper bamboo plants were grown in 38 L pots and subjected to N rates of 0, 112, 224, and 336 kg N ha−1. Growth, chlorophyll content and shoot production were measured biweekly for five months in two growing seasons. Soil and tissue analyses were conducted before and after the study. Growth, chlorophyll content and shoot production were comparable across treatments, though chlorophyll content plateaued at higher N rates. Nutrient use efficiency was maximized at moderate N levels (112–224 kg N ha−1), peaking at 224 kg N ha−1 for total biomass and overall growth while lower N rates sufficed for parameters such as culm production. No significant interaction between year and treatment was observed for biomass, indicating consistent N effects across the years. A model showed significant increases in biomass and N accumulation which peaked at 224 kg N ha−1 and declined with further N application. In conclusion, N application at around 224 kg N ha−1 may be optimal for bamboo growth and nutrient use efficiency in young bamboo plants under greenhouse conditions, although field studies are needed for validation.
竹子被广泛用于食品、木材、家具、建筑材料和造纸。随着美国对竹笋的需求不断增长，许多种植者正在探索竹子生产。在佛罗里达州，不同地区和农业生态学对竹子施肥的研究很少。研究了温室条件下氮肥对竹苗的影响。在38个 L盆栽中，分别施用0、112、224和336 kg N ha−1。在两个生长季节，每两周测量一次生长、叶绿素含量和芽产量，为期5个月。研究前后分别进行了土壤和组织分析。不同处理间的生长、叶绿素含量和芽产量相当，但叶绿素含量在高施氮量下趋于稳定。在中等施氮水平（112-224 kg N ha - 1）下，养分利用效率最高，总生物量和整体生长在224 kg N ha - 1时达到峰值，而较低施氮水平则足以满足茎产量等参数。生物量在年份和处理之间没有显著的相互作用，表明氮素效应在不同年份是一致的。模型显示，生物量和氮积累显著增加，峰值为224 kg N ha - 1，随施氮量的增加而下降。综上所述，在温室条件下，224 kg N ha - 1左右的施氮量对竹子生长和竹苗养分利用效率可能是最佳的，但需要实地研究来验证。
{"title":"Nitrogen fertilization dynamics on one-year-old Dendrocalamus asper (Schult. & Schult.f.) Backer bamboo in Florida","authors":"Cyrus J. Januarie, Davie M. Kadyampakeni","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo is widely used for food, timber, furniture, building materials and making paper. With the growing demand for bamboo shoots in the United States, many growers are exploring bamboo production. In Florida, very few studies on bamboo fertilization exist from different regions and agroecologies. This study evaluated nitrogen (N) fertilization effects on young bamboo plants under greenhouse conditions. One-year-old <em>Dendrocalamus asper</em> bamboo plants were grown in 38 L pots and subjected to N rates of 0, 112, 224, and 336 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>. Growth, chlorophyll content and shoot production were measured biweekly for five months in two growing seasons. Soil and tissue analyses were conducted before and after the study. Growth, chlorophyll content and shoot production were comparable across treatments, though chlorophyll content plateaued at higher N rates. Nutrient use efficiency was maximized at moderate N levels (112–224 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>), peaking at 224 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> for total biomass and overall growth while lower N rates sufficed for parameters such as culm production. No significant interaction between year and treatment was observed for biomass, indicating consistent N effects across the years. A model showed significant increases in biomass and N accumulation which peaked at 224 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> and declined with further N application. In conclusion, N application at around 224 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> may be optimal for bamboo growth and nutrient use efficiency in young bamboo plants under greenhouse conditions, although field studies are needed for validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100152
Fisseha Wubneh Asmare , Xiaodong Liu , Guanfang Qiao , Ruixia Li , K. Murugesh Babu , Dacheng Wu
The bamboo plant has historically been valued as an important source of fibre. The natural fibres obtained from bamboo exhibit favourable attributes that facilitate their use in textile applications. However, their adoption in textiles has been limited due to the complexities involved in their extraction and the subsequent spinning processes necessary for their application. This study focused on bamboo fibres sourced from Neosinocalamus affinis, which were blended with cotton fibres in a ratio of 30 % bamboo to 70 % cotton to produce staple yarns through ring spinning. The methods for extracting bamboo fibres and the properties of the resulting fibres are briefly outlined. The production of the bamboo/cotton blended yarn followed a practical process route and utilized standard parameters associated with cotton spinning. To assess the quality of the blended yarn, fundamental characteristics such as fineness, twist, evenness, hairiness and tensile properties, along with their variabilities, were measured. Furthermore, a scanning electron microscope was employed to analyze the structure of the blended yarn. The tests confirmed the potential of the blended yarn for use in weaving or knitting, as well as its suitability for subsequent applications.
{"title":"Production and properties of natural bamboo-cotton blended yarns","authors":"Fisseha Wubneh Asmare , Xiaodong Liu , Guanfang Qiao , Ruixia Li , K. Murugesh Babu , Dacheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bamboo plant has historically been valued as an important source of fibre. The natural fibres obtained from bamboo exhibit favourable attributes that facilitate their use in textile applications. However, their adoption in textiles has been limited due to the complexities involved in their extraction and the subsequent spinning processes necessary for their application. This study focused on bamboo fibres sourced from <em>Neosinocalamus affinis</em>, which were blended with cotton fibres in a ratio of 30 % bamboo to 70 % cotton to produce staple yarns through ring spinning. The methods for extracting bamboo fibres and the properties of the resulting fibres are briefly outlined. The production of the bamboo/cotton blended yarn followed a practical process route and utilized standard parameters associated with cotton spinning. To assess the quality of the blended yarn, fundamental characteristics such as fineness, twist, evenness, hairiness and tensile properties, along with their variabilities, were measured. Furthermore, a scanning electron microscope was employed to analyze the structure of the blended yarn. The tests confirmed the potential of the blended yarn for use in weaving or knitting, as well as its suitability for subsequent applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bamboo dynamics in non-forest areas remain relatively underexplored, despite over 50 % of the global bamboo population being found in degraded, marginal or agricultural lands outside forests. To address this, we investigated soil quality dynamics under isolated bamboo stands (Bambusa teres) across three elevation regions: lower (0–400 m), middle (400–800 m), and higher (800–1200 m) in Katari, Udayapur, Nepal. Stratified sampling, followed by purposive sampling, was used to account for elevation variation and bamboo's scattered distribution. A total of thirty 100 m2 circular plots (10 per elevation stratum) were sampled at two soil depths (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm) to assess soil quality, using various indicators based on published literature from Nepal. At middle elevation, organic carbon, nitrogen and potassium were significantly higher at 0–15 cm, while phosphorus and pH were higher at 15–30 cm (p ≤ 0.05). A fair soil quality rating (SQI: 0.48 –0.57) was observed in the study area. Elevation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected SQI at 0 –15 cm depth, with higher SQI at middle elevation (0.57) and lower SQI at lower elevation (0.48). For effective bamboo management and land-use planning, it is important to consider elevation-specific zoning. Middle and higher elevations should be prioritized for bamboo plantations, incorporating management activities and agroforestry integration to enhance soil productivity. Further studies with larger samples and broader geographic coverage, incorporating additional soil indicators and environmental variables is recommended.
{"title":"Effect of elevation on soil quality under bamboo (Bambusa teres Buch.-Ham. ex Munro) stands outside forest areas in Eastern Nepal","authors":"Santosh Ayer , Sandip Poudel , Kishor Adhikari , Jun Shapkota , Kishor Prasad Bhatta , Jeetendra Gautam , Tek Maraseni , Menuka Maharjan","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo dynamics in non-forest areas remain relatively underexplored, despite over 50 % of the global bamboo population being found in degraded, marginal or agricultural lands outside forests. To address this, we investigated soil quality dynamics under isolated bamboo stands (<em>Bambusa teres</em>) across three elevation regions: lower (0–400 m), middle (400–800 m), and higher (800–1200 m) in Katari, Udayapur, Nepal. Stratified sampling, followed by purposive sampling, was used to account for elevation variation and bamboo's scattered distribution. A total of thirty 100 m<sup>2</sup> circular plots (10 per elevation stratum) were sampled at two soil depths (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm) to assess soil quality, using various indicators based on published literature from Nepal. At middle elevation, organic carbon, nitrogen and potassium were significantly higher at 0–15 cm, while phosphorus and pH were higher at 15–30 cm (p ≤ 0.05). A fair soil quality rating (SQI: 0.48 –0.57) was observed in the study area. Elevation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected SQI at 0 –15 cm depth, with higher SQI at middle elevation (0.57) and lower SQI at lower elevation (0.48). For effective bamboo management and land-use planning, it is important to consider elevation-specific zoning. Middle and higher elevations should be prioritized for bamboo plantations, incorporating management activities and agroforestry integration to enhance soil productivity. Further studies with larger samples and broader geographic coverage, incorporating additional soil indicators and environmental variables is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100148
M.P. Divya , S. Krishnamoorthi , R. Ravi , V. George Jenner , K. Baranidharan , M. Raveendran , P. Hemalatha
Bamboo is a cost-effective, fast-growing renewable resource with significant potential as an alternative to traditional activated carbon precursors, particularly coconut shell-based activated carbon. We evaluated the suitability of seven bamboo species from Tripura, India, for activated carbon production and identified the most effective species for commercial applications of activated carbon. Activated carbon was produced using phosphoric acid activation and its physico-chemical, adsorption and surface properties were analyzed following ASTM standards. Among the seven species investigated, activated carbon from Bambusa tulda was found to possess significantly better properties as evidenced by its lower burn-off percentage (60.0 ± 1.65 %), moisture content (5.21 ± 0.25 %), ash content (5.81 ± 0.13 %) and volatile matter (14.0 ± 0.88 %) and the higher activated carbon yield (40.0 ± 1.65 %), pH (3.75 ± 0.13), electrical conductivity (1.12 ± 0.10 µS m⁻¹), fixed carbon content (75.9 ± 1.07 %), BET surface area (806 ± 68.23 m²/g), methylene blue adsorption number (411 ± 15.04 mg/g), iodine adsorption number (1094 ± 128.01 mg/g) and hardness (82.2 ± 1.19 %), followed by Mellocana baccifera and Bambusa polymorpha which also exhibited favourable physico-chemical and higher adsorption properties. These findings suggest that Bambusa tulda, Melocanna baccifera and Bambusa polymorpha are promising species for commercial production of activated carbon for industrial applications.
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from commercially important bamboo species in north eastern India","authors":"M.P. Divya , S. Krishnamoorthi , R. Ravi , V. George Jenner , K. Baranidharan , M. Raveendran , P. Hemalatha","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo is a cost-effective, fast-growing renewable resource with significant potential as an alternative to traditional activated carbon precursors, particularly coconut shell-based activated carbon. We evaluated the suitability of seven bamboo species from Tripura, India, for activated carbon production and identified the most effective species for commercial applications of activated carbon. Activated carbon was produced using phosphoric acid activation and its physico-chemical, adsorption and surface properties were analyzed following ASTM standards. Among the seven species investigated, activated carbon from <em>Bambusa tulda</em> was found to possess significantly better properties as evidenced by its lower burn-off percentage (60.0 ± 1.65 %), moisture content (5.21 ± 0.25 %), ash content (5.81 ± 0.13 %) and volatile matter (14.0 ± 0.88 %) and the higher activated carbon yield (40.0 ± 1.65 %), pH (3.75 ± 0.13), electrical conductivity (1.12 ± 0.10 µS m⁻¹), fixed carbon content (75.9 ± 1.07 %), BET surface area (806 ± 68.23 m²/g), methylene blue adsorption number (411 ± 15.04 mg/g), iodine adsorption number (1094 ± 128.01 mg/g) and hardness (82.2 ± 1.19 %), followed by <em>Mellocana baccifera</em> and <em>Bambusa polymorpha</em> which also exhibited favourable physico-chemical and higher adsorption properties. These findings suggest that <em>Bambusa tulda</em>, <em>Melocanna baccifera</em> and <em>Bambusa polymorpha</em> are promising species for commercial production of activated carbon for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100151
Prince Sasu , Esther Opara , Felicia Emmanuella Ellison , Richard Agbehadzi Koblah , Benjamin Adjei-Mensah , Antoinette Simpah Anim-Jnr , Victoria Attoh-Kotoku , Michael Kwaku
Bamboo has shown promising potential as a sustainable and nutrient-rich fodder source for livestock, particularly in Ghana’s transitional forest zones where traditional forage options are limited. This study evaluated the nutritional composition, in vitro rumen fermentation, and digestibility of the leaves of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (OA) and Bambusa vulgaris (BV) and incorporated them into a basal mix (Bmix) of Cenchrus purpureus and Bridelia ferruginea for goats. Additionally, a survey was conducted to assess adoption drivers of bamboo as a livestock fodder in the study area. The results show that both bamboo species had similar (p > 0.05) dry matter (91.7–92 %), crude protein (12.5–14.5 %), and crude fibre (26.3–28.9 %). OA had higher (p < 0.05) ash (12.4 %), Ca (0.48 %), Mg (0.15 %), flavonoids (0.885 mg/l) and oxalates (0.015 %), while BV had more P (0.18 %), K (2.31 %), Fe (65.6 mg/kg), Cu (20.49 mg/kg), Mn (12.9 mg/kg), acid detergent lignin (1.8 %–4.3 %), tannins (0.003 %), saponins (0.28 %) and total antioxidants (96.8 %). In vitro rumen fermentation showed OA+Bmix had the highest gas production (155.1 mL/200 mg DM) and VFAs (89.6 mmol/100 g), followed by BV+Bmix (gas: 146.8 mL/200 mg DM, VFAs: 84.3 mmol/100 g) and control (gas: 145.2 mL/200 mg DM, VFAs: 75.3 mmol/100 g). The OA+Bmix also had the lowest methane (14.1 mL/200 mg DM) and CO2 (69.0 mL/200 mg DM) compared to BV+Bmix (methane: 16.5 mL/200 mg DM, CO2: 72.3 mL/200 mg DM) and the control (methane: 24.3 mL/200 mg DM, CO2: 84.2 mL/200 mg DM). Similarly, OA+Bmix showed the highest nitrogen intake (9.22 g/day), digestibility (8.5 g/day) and retention (88.1 %), along with the highest digestibility for dry matter (58.7 %), crude protein (72.2 %), crude fibre (67.8 %) and ether extract (74.4 %), compared to BV+Bmix (intake: 6.96 g/day, digestibility: 6.47 g/day, retention: 83.2 %, dry matter: 48.3 %, crude protein: 56.8 %, crude fibre: 60.2 %, ether extract: 68.7 %) and the control (intake: 5.54 g/day, digestibility: 4.92 g/day, retention: 59.1 %, dry matter: 33.6 %, crude protein: 41.1 %, crude fibre: 31.6 %, ether extract: 47.2 %). In conclusion, bamboo leaves are nutrient-rich supplements that can improve rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and animal health. Their adoption is promising, driven by economic feasibility, accessibility and sustainability. Therefore, prioritising educational and financial support for their adoption is recommended.
{"title":"Valorising bamboo leaves for climate-smart livestock production: Nutritional profile, emission reduction, and farmer adoption in Ghana’s transitional zones","authors":"Prince Sasu , Esther Opara , Felicia Emmanuella Ellison , Richard Agbehadzi Koblah , Benjamin Adjei-Mensah , Antoinette Simpah Anim-Jnr , Victoria Attoh-Kotoku , Michael Kwaku","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo has shown promising potential as a sustainable and nutrient-rich fodder source for livestock, particularly in Ghana’s transitional forest zones where traditional forage options are limited. This study evaluated the nutritional composition, <em>in vitro</em> rumen fermentation, and digestibility of the leaves of <em>Oxytenanthera abyssinica</em> (OA) and <em>Bambusa vulgaris</em> (BV) and incorporated them into a basal mix (Bmix) of <em>Cenchrus purpureus</em> and <em>Bridelia ferruginea</em> for goats. Additionally, a survey was conducted to assess adoption drivers of bamboo as a livestock fodder in the study area. The results show that both bamboo species had similar (p > 0.05) dry matter (91.7–92 %), crude protein (12.5–14.5 %), and crude fibre (26.3–28.9 %). OA had higher (p < 0.05) ash (12.4 %), Ca (0.48 %), Mg (0.15 %), flavonoids (0.885 mg/l) and oxalates (0.015 %), while BV had more P (0.18 %), K (2.31 %), Fe (65.6 mg/kg), Cu (20.49 mg/kg), Mn (12.9 mg/kg), acid detergent lignin (1.8 %–4.3 %), tannins (0.003 %), saponins (0.28 %) and total antioxidants (96.8 %). In vitro rumen fermentation showed OA+Bmix had the highest gas production (155.1 mL/200 mg DM) and VFAs (89.6 mmol/100 g), followed by BV+Bmix (gas: 146.8 mL/200 mg DM, VFAs: 84.3 mmol/100 g) and control (gas: 145.2 mL/200 mg DM, VFAs: 75.3 mmol/100 g). The OA+Bmix also had the lowest methane (14.1 mL/200 mg DM) and CO<sub>2</sub> (69.0 mL/200 mg DM) compared to BV+Bmix (methane: 16.5 mL/200 mg DM, CO<sub>2</sub>: 72.3 mL/200 mg DM) and the control (methane: 24.3 mL/200 mg DM, CO<sub>2</sub>: 84.2 mL/200 mg DM). Similarly, OA+Bmix showed the highest nitrogen intake (9.22 g/day), digestibility (8.5 g/day) and retention (88.1 %), along with the highest digestibility for dry matter (58.7 %), crude protein (72.2 %), crude fibre (67.8 %) and ether extract (74.4 %), compared to BV+Bmix (intake: 6.96 g/day, digestibility: 6.47 g/day, retention: 83.2 %, dry matter: 48.3 %, crude protein: 56.8 %, crude fibre: 60.2 %, ether extract: 68.7 %) and the control (intake: 5.54 g/day, digestibility: 4.92 g/day, retention: 59.1 %, dry matter: 33.6 %, crude protein: 41.1 %, crude fibre: 31.6 %, ether extract: 47.2 %). In conclusion, bamboo leaves are nutrient-rich supplements that can improve rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and animal health. Their adoption is promising, driven by economic feasibility, accessibility and sustainability. Therefore, prioritising educational and financial support for their adoption is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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