Asian Transport Studies最新文献

This study evaluates the free-flow speed of vehicles passing through the 9 school zones in Pleiku City, Vietnam before and after the establishment of the speed limit. The speed data was collected and analyzed by using an image processing technology. The results show that there is a decrease in the speed of vehicles when passing through the school gate, however, it still remains high. After the establishment of the speed limit of 30 kph at the school zone, the speed is likely reduced but not significantly. Furthermore, Maximum Likelihood Estimation method was used to model the speed behavior in the form of normal distribution. The estimated results show a realistic reflection of the observed speed distribution. The results can be applied in making policies to reduce school traffic accidents and to promote active travel on the school journey in countries such as Vietnam or in other countries with relevant contexts.

Shared bike schemes have been implemented worldwide as a first and last-mile service for public transport systems. However, shared bikes can also be used as a primary mode. Riding duration may be a straightforward evaluation criterion to identify the role of shared bikes. This study uses survival models to investigate the critical variables influencing shared bike riding duration with a case study of YouBike in Taiwan. The results show that a survival model with a log-logistic distribution has the best model fit, as some durations are extraordinarily long or short due to the heterogeneity of usage behavior, in which the mean duration was 22 min, but 15% had riding duration longer than 30 min. The riding duration significantly varied with the turnover rate of the station location and the rider's usage behavior based on the variable estimation results. The demand pattern of YouBike riders shows a 96% chance of having a riding duration of fewer than 30 min, dropping below 55% for longer than 90 min. The indicator expressing riding duration for same-station trips is greater than an hour, suggesting that some riders may perceive YouBike as a primary or individual transport mode. The finding also underscores the role of shared bikes in facilitating users' daily activities, such as shopping and recreation, emphasizing their potential as an interchangeable mobility option. This indicates that YouBike is a first and last-mile mode and the primary mode in some cases with longer riding duration. This study redefines the role of shared bikes to promote sustainable transport.

The 2016 baseline road and rail transportation pollutant emissions in the Philippines using a bottom-up approach are estimated at 9.212 million tons and 377 tons, respectively, while CO₂ emissions are estimated at 97.6 million tons and 62,248 tons, respectively. Road transportation activity is estimated to be 231.53 billion vehicle-kilometers, where 58% is from motorcycles. Top pollutants are CO and VOC from motorcycles, tricycles and cars. Motorcycles contribute the largest share of CO₂ emissions. NOₓ and CO are major pollutants from rail transportation. Based on these results and the assessment of selected transport projects, the government may develop policies on major emitters of criteria pollutants and carbon dioxide, aside from improvement of public transportation. Furthermore, the study is limited in using average vehicle emission factors which need updating.

The purpose of this paper is to assess the applicability of a power law to the geographical distribution of airports, focusing on domestic passenger traffic in Japan and the UK. After estimating the Pareto exponents using a rank–size regression from the three perspectives of airport traffic, route traffic and interairport distance, this paper examines the competitive or complementary relationship among airports. It analyses route traffic for domestic passengers using a gravity model. The results show and compare how airport systems are shaped in these two countries. The paper sheds light on the power law and refines our understanding of the mechanism underpinning the geographical distribution of airports.

This paper presents research towards the development of a stochastic approach for estimating the transport chain choice for domestic shipments in Indonesia. This stochastic model aims to improve the logistics choices within Indonesia's national freight transport model (INTRAMOD), which currently handles such choice deterministically. The INTRAMOD logistics model presents five distinct transport chain possibilities involving four main modes: truck, rail, ship, and plane. To acquire the necessary data, revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) survey work has been undertaken. Using the obtained RP/SP data, multinomial logit (MNL) models have been used to estimate the transport choice model. The model with a single time coefficient was found to be superior to the other models. Additionally, this preferred MNL model was extended by segmenting according to shipment characteristics, particularly for high and low value of goods. The results indicate that shipments with a high value of goods are more sensitive to transport time.

The limited road space and overlapping driving decisions may cause frequent speed and lane changes in the downstream area of expressway toll stations, which easily cause high accident risks. In this paper, micro vehicle trajectory data in the Huai'an South Toll Station was automatically extracted from aerial videos using the novel YSKT algorithm framework to analyze traffic flow characteristics. To further evaluate vehicle collision risks, the Extended Time-To-Collision (ETTC) and Post Encroachment Time (PET) indicators were employed. The results demonstrated that the longitudinal and lateral velocity and acceleration, the distribution of lane-changing points, lane-changing times, and travel time varied with road sections and vehicle types. Notably, the ETC vehicles had a higher risk of traffic accidents compared to MTC vehicles since their greater initial speed. The findings could provide valuable references for traffic managers to comprehensively understand traffic characteristics and evaluate traffic safety of similar complex road nodes.

In response to escalating climatic threats, this research innovatively integrates flood risk assessment with road network dynamics to formulate optimized evacuation strategies in flood-susceptible regions. Employing a path-based traffic model and flood risk index, our method significantly decreases travel durations by 25% and vehicle hours by 20% compared to traditional frameworks. Complexities arise in intricate evacuation systems. Zone 4 was a critical node due to a 15% rise in vehicular inflow and unique flood risks, emphasizing the necessity for tailored evacuation plans considering variable traffic and flood risks. Our approach enhanced evacuation efficiency and also resulted in a 10% increase in fuel consumption while highlighting areas for further optimization. This study proposes a refined, sustainable evacuation model that harmonizes flood risks and traffic dynamics and offers insights for resilient urban development amid climatic uncertainties.

In rapidly urbanizing regions of low- and middle-income countries as found in Asia, transportation management faces significant challenges, particularly with the popularity of two-wheeled vehicles. While these vehicles offer convenience in Asian megacities, their increasing prevalence has led to many urban traffic issues, including air pollution and traffic management problems. Consequently, several countries have contemplated or implemented bans on motorized two-wheeled vehicles in urban areas. With a forthcoming ban on motorcycles in 2030, this study investigates potential switches in transportation travel modes among motorcyclists. Analyzing factors influencing choices between electric bicycles (e-bikes) and buses, the results indicate a probable widespread adoption of e-bikes over buses post-ban. Income, place of residence, and access to bus stops emerge as key determinants.