Asian Transport Studies最新文献

Property value capture is expected to financially support investments in mass rapid transit (MRT) in many developing countries where conventional public funding is insufficient to meet the local demand. This study presents a case study to examine the financial feasibility of developing and operating a new metro line through property value capture and land-use control in Hanoi. First, property prices are estimated with local data for both residential and office properties, using hedonic price models. Next, a travel demand model, including trip generation and attraction, trip distribution, and travel mode choice sub-models, is estimated with person trip survey data, following a conventional four-step model framework. Subsequently, multiple scenarios are built for a hypothetical investment in an MRT line in Hanoi. The scenarios are assumed considering socio-demographics and transportation infrastructure in the context of new taxation levied on local properties near MRT stations and land-use controls with respect to population and employment to increase their densities near MRT stations. The estimated models are applied to each scenario to estimate the expected financial viability of MRT development and operation. The results reveal that the property value capture and land-use control could significantly improve the operator's profitability.

In the years 2000–2016, the sector with the largest share of total final energy consumption in the Philippines is transportation with an average share of 34.2%. The study aims to estimate the baseline transportation energy demand of road, maritime, air and rail transportation modes in 2016 using a bottom-up approach. Through a bottom-up approach and utilizing available transportation activity and fuel economy/energy efficiency data from secondary sources coupled with primary road transportation activity and fuel economy and railway operations survey data, the baseline transportation energy demand of the Philippines is estimated to be 12,956.1 ktoe in 2016. A comprehensive estimation of transportation energy demand of the country using bottom-up methodologies with more detailed transportation activity and vehicle fleet of the different transportation modes is implemented. Finally, the collection and keeping of certain data that are critical in the estimation of the transportation energy demand are recommended.

To attract the private sector to railway public-private partnership (PPP) projects, the public sector is required to share risks resulted from a failure in demand forecasting. The Korean government introduced BTO-risk sharing (BTO-rs) as a new PPP arrangement to promote investments in railway projects. BTO-rs is to share operating costs and revenues by both the public and private sectors. This study explains the methodology of BTO-rs. Based on BTO-rs, this study conducted the sensitivity analysis for the real railway project. The result of the sensitivity analysis suggests that sharing ratio of the excess operating profit and loss of the government and demand are the most influential factors affecting the concessionaire’s rate of return.

In Japan, private car passenger services have recently been increasing to help secure mobility for older adults. The policy of using passenger transport with private cars is included in the 2020 revision of the Act on the Revitalization and Rehabilitation of Local Public Transportation Systems. In this study, we examined the profitability, productivity, and operational cost structure of these services through a survey of private passenger transport for passenger services with private car by hired driver (PPHDs) and transfer services with private car by volunteer driver (TPVDs). We found that the production function is correlated with the driver and vehicle in PPHDs and TPVDs as well as the production itself, such as vehicle-kilometers and number of passengers. Cost structures tend to differ in economies of scale, and the cost function also tends to differ in both cases. These findings have practical policy and business implications.

Urban housing and transportation are strongly related systems. However, few studies have explored the balance between urban housing and transportation systems. Excess investment in transportation systems puts intense pressure on local governments' budgets, especially in shrinking urban areas. In this study, we measured the spatial efficiency of Sapporo city's transportation system using data envelopment analysis. Our results highlight that two-thirds of the urban area were running below capacity. Among them, car parking sites and car parking areas had the highest surplus capacity at 27.81% and 15.86%, respectively. Meanwhile, bus stops, road density, and train station service areas exceeded the demand by about 12%–16%. The results also show that the shortfall in the filling rate of housing was high at 3.82%. Finally, based on our analysis, we introduced recommendations for city policymakers to improve the city's overall efficiency.

The stockyard is a core part of a coal export terminal (CET). Constrained by various influencing factors, studies to deal with the complicated scheduling process of a CET remain insufficiently comprehensive. Until now, for coal stockyards, most stacking scheduling strategies are still manual. The low efficiency of the stockyard has become the main bottleneck that restricts the throughput of a CET. Therefore, this paper proposes a simulation model to capture the whole process of CET operation. A large CET in northern China was selected as a case study to investigate the coal stockyard operation. Four stock position scheduling strategies were analyzed and compared through the simulation technique. Discussion of the simulation results under different strategies can provide a comprehensive basis for stock position scheduling strategy selection by CET managers.

Several innovative mobility pilots have been launched in Japan to address the vicious spiral of decreasing usage, revenue, and attractiveness of rural public transport which would support the residents' daily lives. This research examines these case studies to discern measures for implementing sustainable innovative mobility in local areas that are integrated into a wider public transport (PT) network. The context in Japan is in contrast to Europe, in that the main providers of PT services in Japan are private companies. Examining the result of interviews with the planners and stakeholders of these Japanese initiatives, this paper recommends mobility planners consider several perspectives such as envisioning future area management, connecting private-sector invention and local public transport operators’ resources as well as other sectors, deploying technology that matches small area scale and user needs, integration into wider public transport network, for sustainable rural mobility.

The advantages and constraints of mobile phone data, call detail records (CDRs), for comprehending travel patterns were argued in previous studies. However, the spatio-temporal tendencies of the estimated travel patterns from CDR data have been underrepresented from the viewpoint of transport planning practice. This study scrutinizes the benefits and constraints of CDR data for grasping spatio-temporal travel patterns through multidimensional comparison between origin-destination matrices generated from aggregated CDR data and household travel survey (HTS) data from Colombo, Sri Lanka. The results show the potential of CDR data to complement the conventional drawbacks of HTSs. They also indicate practical constraints owing to the nature of CDR data and the possible impacts of data protection measures. This study summarizes how the results could be used for interpreting the time coverage and distribution, trip type, spatial distribution, and population projection and coverage to discuss future directions toward improving transport planning in developing countries.