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Antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic nature of trigonelline, a major alkaloid of fenugreek seeds studied in high-fat-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetic rats 葫芦巴种子中的主要生物碱葫芦巴碱在高脂肪喂养和低剂量链脲佐菌素诱导的实验性糖尿病大鼠中抗糖尿病和降血脂的作用
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.001
Sorimuthu Pillai Subramanian, Gopalan Sriram Prasath

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) is one of the most widely used medicinal plants in folk medicine. It is known to have diuretic, cardio tonic, hypotensive, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect. Trigonelline, a major alkaloid component of fenugreek, is reported to be responsible for most of its pharmacological activities. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of trigonelline on blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma insulin levels in high-fat-fed (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by high-fat diet and low-dose STZ (35 mg/kg.b.wt). Diabetic rats were treated with trigonelline (150 mg/kg b.wt) for 30 days. The toxicological as well as biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, HbA1C, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid profile were measured. The activities of serum AST, ALT and ALP were also assayed. Trigonelline supplementation attenuated the elevated levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, AST, ALT and ALP. The insulin level was improved with an improvement in hepatic and muscle glycogen content of insulin resistant diabetic rats. Trigonelline effectively normalized the status of lipid profile. These results showed that trigonelline have potential anti-hyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects in HFD/STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats.

葫芦巴(Trigonella foenum graecum)是民间医学中应用最广泛的药用植物之一。具有利尿、强心、降压、降血糖、降血脂作用。葫芦巴碱是葫芦巴的主要生物碱成分,据报道,葫芦巴的大部分药理活性都是由葫芦巴碱产生的。本研究旨在探讨葫芦巴碱对高脂喂养(HFD)/链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血浆胰岛素水平的影响。高脂饮食加低剂量STZ (35 mg/kg.b.wt)诱导糖尿病。用葫芦巴碱(150 mg/kg b.wt)治疗糖尿病大鼠30天。测定毒理学及生化指标,如血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)、血脂等。测定血清AST、ALT、ALP的活性。补充葫芦巴碱可降低葡萄糖、糖化血红蛋白、谷丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶的升高水平。胰岛素抵抗型糖尿病大鼠肝糖原和肌糖原含量提高,胰岛素水平也随之提高。葫芦巴碱有效地使血脂状况正常化。结果表明,葫芦巴碱对HFD/ stz诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠具有潜在的降血糖和降血脂作用。
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引用次数: 36
Antioxidative potential of chrysin, a flavone in streptozotocin–nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats 黄酮类化合物大黄素在链脲佐菌素-烟酰胺诱导的糖尿病大鼠中的抗氧化潜力
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.008
T.A. Anitha , M. Rajadurai

Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests that oxidative stress has been suggested as a contributory factor in development and complications of both types of diabetes mellitus. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) against streptozotocin–nicotinamide (STZ–NA)-induced oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (45 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) dissolved in 0.1 mol/L citrate buffer (pH 4.5), 15 min after the i.p. administration of NA (110 mg/kg b.w.). The rats were divided into following groups: group 1: non-diabetic control, group 2: non-diabetic with chrysin (100 mg/kg b.w.), group 3: diabetic control, groups 4, 5 and 6 received chrysin as 25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The oxidative stress was measured by examining the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as vitamin C, vitamin E and reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver and kidney. They were decreased while increasing the levels of LPO markers were observed in liver and kidney tissues of diabetic control rats as compared to normal control rats. Oral administration of chrysin (100 mg/kg/day) for 45 days caused a significant increase in the activities of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants when compared to those of diabetic rats. These biochemical findings were also supported by histological studies on liver and kidney tissues. In conclusion, chrysin, especially at the dosage of 100 mg/kg b.w. can act as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in type II diabetic rats.

实验和临床研究中越来越多的证据表明,氧化应激已被认为是两种类型糖尿病的发展和并发症的一个促进因素。本研究旨在探讨菊花素(5,7-二羟黄酮)对STZ-NA诱导的雄性Wistar大鼠氧化应激的保护作用。在给予NA (110 mg/kg b.w.) 15 min后,单次腹腔注射溶解于0.1 mol/L柠檬酸缓冲液(pH 4.5)中的STZ (45 mg/kg体重),诱导糖尿病。将大鼠分为3组:1组为非糖尿病对照组,2组为非糖尿病患者给予金菊素(100 mg/kg b.w), 3组为糖尿病对照组,4、5、6组分别给予金菊素25、50、100 mg/kg b.w。通过检测肝脏和肾脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶(GST)和非酶促抗氧化剂(维生素C、维生素E和还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH))的活性来检测氧化应激。与正常对照大鼠相比,糖尿病对照大鼠肝脏和肾脏组织中LPO标记物的水平升高,而LPO标记物的水平下降。与糖尿病大鼠相比,口服黄菊花素(100 mg/kg/天)45天可显著增加酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂的活性。这些生化结果也得到了肝脏和肾脏组织组织学研究的支持。综上所述,黄菊花素对2型糖尿病大鼠具有较强的抗氧化和抗炎作用,特别是在100 mg/kg b.w.剂量下。
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引用次数: 18
Antihyperglycemic effect of syringic acid on attenuating the key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in experimental diabetic rats 丁香酸对实验性糖尿病大鼠碳水化合物代谢关键酶的降血糖作用
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.010
Subramani Srinivasan , Jayachandran Muthukumaran , Udaiyar Muruganathan , Rantham Subramaniyam Venkatesan , Abdulkadhar Mohamed Jalaludeen

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine entities, which coexist with defect in carbohydrate metabolism. The Indian traditional system of medicine prescribed plant phytochemical therapies for diseases including diabetes mellitus. The present study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of syringic acid (SA) by assaying the activities of key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in experimental diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced into male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan (150 mg/kg). SA was administered to diabetic rats intragastrically at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w daily once for 30 days. The levels of plasma glucose, insulin, hemoglobin (Hb), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glycogen, levels of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, liver and kidney markers were evaluated. Oral administration of SA (50 mg/kg) for 30 days, dose dependently improved the glycemic status in diabetic rats. The levels of insulin, Hb and glycogen increased with significant decrease in glucose and HbA1c levels in SA treated rats. The altered activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, hepatic and renal marker were restored to near normal. Histopathological analysis of pancreas revealed that treatment with SA reduced the pancreatic damage induced by alloxan and stimulated β-cell regeneration in diabetic rats. The present findings suggest the antihyperglycemic effect of SA and its therapeutic potential for the management of diabetes.

糖尿病是最常见的内分泌疾病之一,它与碳水化合物代谢缺陷并存。印度传统的医学体系为包括糖尿病在内的疾病开出了植物化学疗法。本研究旨在通过测定丁香酸(SA)对实验性糖尿病大鼠碳水化合物代谢关键酶的活性,评价其治疗潜力。采用四氧嘧啶(150 mg/kg)腹腔注射诱导雄性白化Wistar大鼠患上糖尿病。分别以25、50和100 mg/kg b.w灌胃SA,每日1次,连用30 d。评估血糖、胰岛素、血红蛋白(Hb)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和糖原水平、碳水化合物代谢酶水平、肝脏和肾脏标志物水平。口服SA (50 mg/kg) 30天,剂量依赖性地改善糖尿病大鼠的血糖状态。SA处理大鼠胰岛素、血红蛋白和糖原水平升高,葡萄糖和糖化血红蛋白水平显著降低。碳水化合物代谢酶活性、肝肾指标恢复到接近正常水平。胰腺组织病理学分析显示,SA可减轻糖尿病大鼠四氧嘧啶引起的胰腺损伤,刺激β细胞再生。本研究结果提示SA的降糖作用及其治疗糖尿病的潜力。
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引用次数: 38
Plant flavone apigenin protects against cyclosporine-induced histological and biochemical changes in the kidney in rats 植物黄酮类芹菜素对环孢素诱导的大鼠肾脏组织和生化变化具有保护作用
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.006
Nagaraja Haleagrahara , Srikumar Chakravarthi , Anupama Bangra Kulur , Tan Mun Yee

Cyclosporine (CsA) is an immunosuppressant drug universally used for the prevention of transplant rejection and also for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Use of cyclosporine has been limited by its side effects such as hypertension and renal damage. Antioxidants are known to protect free radical induced damage of tissues during drug toxicity. The aim of this study was to test the role of plant flavone apigenin against cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, cyclosporine alone, and cyclosporine with apigenin (10, 15 and 20 mg/kg). Cyclosporine treatment was continued for 21 days to induce nephrotoxicity. From the blood samples, urea, uric acid, total antioxidants and lipid hydroperoxide assays were done. There was a significant renal damage with cyclosporine alone treatment. Blood urea nitrogen, urea, uric acid and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly elevated whereas there was a significant decrease in the total antioxidant levels. Treatment with apigenin significantly reduced the lipid hydroperoxides and increased the total antioxidant levels. Concurrent apigenin treatment significantly reduced the histopathological changes in the CsA treated groups. In conclusion, the study confirmed the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity and protective effects of flavone apigenin against free radical-induced renal damage.

环孢素(Cyclosporine, CsA)是一种广泛用于预防移植排斥反应和治疗自身免疫性疾病的免疫抑制剂。环孢素的使用受到其副作用的限制,如高血压和肾损害。抗氧化剂在药物中毒期间保护自由基引起的组织损伤。本研究旨在探讨植物黄酮芹菜素对环孢素所致肾毒性的作用。将成年雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠随机分为对照组、单药环孢素组和单药环孢素加芹菜素组(剂量分别为10、15和20 mg/kg)。环孢素治疗21 d,引起肾毒性。从血样中进行尿素、尿酸、总抗氧化剂和脂质过氧化氢分析。单用环孢素治疗有明显的肾损害。血尿素氮、尿素、尿酸和脂质氢过氧化物水平显著升高,总抗氧化剂水平显著降低。芹菜素处理显著降低了脂质氢过氧化物,提高了总抗氧化剂水平。芹菜素同时治疗显著降低了CsA治疗组的组织病理学变化。综上所述,本研究证实了氧化应激在环孢素所致肾毒性发病机制中的作用,以及黄酮类芹菜素对自由基所致肾损伤的保护作用。
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引用次数: 14
Neuroprotective effect of Prunus avium on streptozotocin induced neurotoxicity in mice 鸟李对链脲佐菌素所致小鼠神经毒性的保护作用
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.004
Edula Vinitha, Hanish J.C. Singh, Rahul Motiram Kakalij, Rahul Padmakar Kshirsagar, Boyina Hemanth Kumar, Prakash V. Diwan

Objective

To evaluate the anti-amnesic and neuroprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Prunus avium (EEPA) on streptozotocin (STZ) induced neurotoxicity in mice.

Methods

The mice were pre-treated with EEPA at selective doses (200, 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for a period of 3 weeks followed by intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) of STZ (0.5 mg/kg). Neurobehavioral-alterations were evaluated using Y-maze and elevated plus maze. Biochemical markers, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), corticosterone, thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), tissue nitrite, antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase were estimated.

Results

Obtain results revealed those 28 days of treatment with EEPA was effective in averting neurotoxicity. EEPA supplementation significantly reduced AChE, corticosterone, TBARS, tissue nitrite levels and ameliorated the deficits in learning and memory impairment with increased levels of antioxidants.

Conclusions

These results envisage that ethanolic extract of Prunus avium exhibit cognitive improvement which is most likely related, at least in part, to its antioxidant and neuroprotective activity. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the isolated bioactive Prunus avium fruits to identify the molecular mechanism involved in modulation of cholinergic transmission.

目的观察李醇提物(EEPA)对链脲佐菌素(STZ)致小鼠神经毒性的抗遗忘作用和神经保护作用。方法采用选择性剂量EEPA(200、400 mg/kg, p.o)预处理小鼠,连续3周后再脑室内注射STZ (0.5 mg/kg)。采用y型迷宫和高架正迷宫评估神经行为改变。生化指标,如乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、皮质酮、硫代巴比妥反应性物质(TBARS)、组织亚硝,抗氧化剂,如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和过氧化氢酶。结果EEPA治疗28 d可有效避免神经毒性。补充EEPA可显著降低乙酰胆碱酯酶、皮质酮、TBARS和组织亚硝酸盐水平,并通过增加抗氧化剂水平改善学习和记忆障碍的缺陷。结论桃李醇提物具有明显的认知改善作用,这可能与其抗氧化和神经保护作用有关。研究人员建议进一步对具有生物活性的李果实进行鉴定,以确定其调控胆碱能传递的分子机制。
{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of Prunus avium on streptozotocin induced neurotoxicity in mice","authors":"Edula Vinitha,&nbsp;Hanish J.C. Singh,&nbsp;Rahul Motiram Kakalij,&nbsp;Rahul Padmakar Kshirsagar,&nbsp;Boyina Hemanth Kumar,&nbsp;Prakash V. Diwan","doi":"10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>To evaluate the anti-amnesic and neuroprotective activity of ethanolic extract of </span><em>Prunus avium</em><span> (EEPA) on streptozotocin<span> (STZ) induced neurotoxicity in mice.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The mice were pre-treated with EEPA at selective doses (200, 400<!--> <!-->mg/kg, p.o.) for a period of 3<!--> <span>weeks followed by intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) of STZ (0.5</span> <span><span>mg/kg). Neurobehavioral-alterations were evaluated using Y-maze and elevated plus maze<span>. Biochemical markers<span>, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), </span></span></span>corticosterone<span><span>, thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), tissue nitrite, antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), </span>glutathione peroxidase<span> (GPx) and catalase were estimated.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Obtain results revealed those 28<!--> <span>days of treatment with EEPA was effective in averting neurotoxicity. EEPA supplementation significantly reduced AChE, corticosterone, TBARS, tissue nitrite levels and ameliorated the deficits in learning and memory impairment with increased levels of antioxidants.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These results envisage that ethanolic extract of <em>Prunus avium</em> exhibit cognitive improvement which is most likely related, at least in part, to its antioxidant and neuroprotective activity. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the isolated bioactive <em>Prunus avium</em><span> fruits to identify the molecular mechanism involved in modulation of cholinergic transmission.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100182,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"95682180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Efficiency of lycopene against reproductive and developmental toxicity of Bisphenol A in male Sprague Dawley rats 番茄红素对雄性大鼠双酚A生殖和发育毒性的影响
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.008
Peranandam Tamilselvan , Kulanthaivel Langeswaran , Shanmugam Vijayaprakash , Subbaraj Gowtham kumar , Rajendran Revathy , Maruthaiveeran Periyaswamy Balasubramanian

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic environmental toxicant and it is a globally used endocrine disruptor that is incorporated in many plastic industries. The revelation BPA has been implicated to have perilous consequences on reproductive healthiness in human and experimental animals. Present examination endeavor to appraise a powerful antioxidant lycopene against an estrogenic compound BPA. Healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to Bisphenol A (200 mg/kg body weight) dissolved in corn oil (1 mL) administered orally for 30 days. The pathological alterations due to BPA encouraged oxidative stress were evaluated in testis and epidydimis tissues. Simultaneously, adjustments in testicular hormones, sperm characteristic, biological enzymes like antioxidant enzymes, elevated peroxide reactions and enhanced ROS formations were measured in reproductive toxicity rats. Captivatingly, oral administration of lycopene (10 mg/kg body weight) with BPA intoxicated rats reduced the testicular toxic condition, biochemical and morphological changes were brought back to normal. In termination, antioxidant potential of lycopene, ameliorates the changes that are induced by BPA.

双酚A (BPA)是一种雌激素环境毒物,是一种全球使用的内分泌干扰物,被纳入许多塑料行业。BPA对人类和实验动物的生殖健康有危险的影响。目前的研究试图评估一种强大的抗氧化剂番茄红素对抗雌激素化合物BPA。健康成年雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠,用玉米油(1ml)溶解双酚A (200mg /kg体重),口服30天。对双酚a诱导的氧化应激在睾丸和附睾组织中的病理改变进行了评价。同时,在生殖毒性大鼠中测量睾丸激素、精子特性、生物酶如抗氧化酶、过氧化反应升高和ROS形成增强的调节。令人着迷的是,BPA中毒大鼠口服番茄红素(10 mg/kg体重)可减轻睾丸毒性,生化和形态变化恢复正常。最后,番茄红素的抗氧化潜能改善了BPA引起的变化。
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引用次数: 9
RETRACTED: In vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of Mimusops elengi Linn. methanolic bark extract 撤下:水仙草体外细胞毒及细胞凋亡作用。甲醇树皮提取物
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.004
Harish Kumar , K. Sreedhara Ranganath Pai , Naseer Maliyakkal , Savaliya Mihir , Charanjeet Singh

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

This article has been retracted at the request of the Author as it was submitted without institutional or co-author approval included an author who did not participate in the study, and did not include study participants who should have been named as contributors to the study.

这篇文章已被撤回:请参见爱思唯尔文章撤回政策(http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).This),这篇文章在作者的要求下已被撤回,因为它是在未经机构或合著者批准的情况下提交的,其中包括一位未参与该研究的作者,也没有包括本应被命名为研究贡献者的研究参与者。
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引用次数: 0
Insignificant viability of the granules of probiotic and prebiotic with skimmed milk powder 益生菌颗粒和益生元与脱脂奶粉的活力不显著
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.005
Chayanika Sahni , Rajinder K. Gupta , Pratibha Nand

Currently, there is an escalating demand of people for probiotic health-based products. Further, the survival of these bacteria in the human gastrointestinal system is questionable. Viability of probiotic in food and food products is a challenge for the food processing industry. Providing probiotic living cells with a physical barrier against adverse environmental conditions is therefore an approach currently receiving considerable interest to achieve longer shelf-life of the product. In the present study, skimmed milk powder along with probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) and prebiotic (Fructooligosaccharide) were used to make granules by wet granulation method and the viability of the granulated probiotic organism was investigated. Results indicated poor survival of the Lacidophilus after granulation. Physico-chemical characteristics of two optimised F1 and F2 formulations were assessed for pH, water holding capacity and moisture content determination. Major future challenges are also spotlighted.

目前,人们对益生菌健康产品的需求不断上升。此外,这些细菌在人类胃肠道系统中的生存是值得怀疑的。益生菌在食品和食品制品中的生存能力是食品加工业面临的挑战。因此,为益生菌活细胞提供对抗不利环境条件的物理屏障是目前获得相当大兴趣的方法,以实现产品的更长保质期。本研究以脱脂奶粉为原料,加入益生菌(嗜酸乳杆菌)和益生元(低聚果糖),采用湿法造粒,研究益生菌颗粒剂的生存能力。结果表明,肉芽化后嗜酸乳杆菌的存活率较低。对两种优化后的F1和F2配方的理化特性进行了pH值、持水量和含水量测定。未来的主要挑战也得到了关注。
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引用次数: 5
Antidiabetic therapeutics from natural source: A systematic review 天然来源的抗糖尿病药物:系统综述
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.009
Palanisamy Arulselvan , Hasfar Amynurliyana Abdul Ghofar , Govindarajan Karthivashan , Mohd Firdaus Abdul Halim , Muhammad Syafiq Abdul Ghafar , Sharida Fakurazi

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic/endocrine disorder throughout the world and cause serious medical problems to human health. Recent drastic changes over human dietary habits and contemporary lifestyle lead to various chronic disorders/diseases particularly metabolic diseases including obesity. Traditional medicinal plants and their active phyto-constituents have been used throughout the world for the therapy of diabetes and associated secondary complications. Among many medications and other alternative medicines, numerous herbs have been well-known to cure and prevent diabetes. Several traditionally important medicinal plants have been investigated for their beneficial use in different types of diabetes and its complications. The effects of these plants may delay the development of diabetic complications and alter the metabolic abnormalities using a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms. A considerable number of active medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds were subjected to clinical trials and were found effective. Moreover, during the past few years many phyto-constituents responsible for antidiabetic effects have been isolated from plants showed higher potential than synthetic drugs. As a result, recently, considerable scientific attention has been directed towards classification/identification of traditional medicinal plants with antihyperglycemic ability that may be used for daily consumption along with the food. This review paper mainly focuses on natural phytoextracts with their pharmacological mechanism of action and their preclinical experimental model, which attracts the attention of pharmacologist, phytochemist and pharmocognosist for further scientific research towards endocrine metabolic disorder.

糖尿病(DM)是世界范围内常见的代谢/内分泌疾病,对人类健康造成严重的医学问题。最近人类饮食习惯和现代生活方式的剧烈变化导致各种慢性疾病/疾病,特别是代谢疾病,包括肥胖。传统药用植物及其活性植物成分已在世界各地用于治疗糖尿病和相关的继发性并发症。在许多药物和其他替代药物中,许多草药已经被认为可以治疗和预防糖尿病。几种传统上重要的药用植物已被研究用于治疗不同类型的糖尿病及其并发症。这些植物的作用可能通过多种细胞和分子机制延缓糖尿病并发症的发展和改变代谢异常。相当多的活性药用植物及其生物活性化合物进行了临床试验,并发现有效。此外,在过去的几年中,从植物中分离出的许多具有抗糖尿病作用的植物成分显示出比合成药物更高的潜力。因此,近年来,具有抗高血糖能力的传统药用植物的分类/鉴定已成为科学界关注的焦点,这些植物可与食品一起日常食用。本文主要对天然植物提取物的药理作用机制及其临床前实验模型进行综述,以期引起药理学家、植物化学家和药理学家对内分泌代谢紊乱的进一步科学研究。
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引用次数: 70
Combined action of Silymarin and Celecoxib in modulating inflammatory mediators in osteoarthritis 水飞蓟素和塞来昔布在骨关节炎炎症介质调节中的联合作用
Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.07.007
Z. Ashkavand , H. Malekinejad , B.S. Vishwanath

Inflammation is the hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA) leading to pain and disability. Objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of Silymarin (SMN, an antioxidant), Celecoxib (CLX, a selective COX inhibitor) and their combination on chemically induced arthritis in rats. The biochemical parameters and radiology impact of the treatment was also determined. Wistar male rats were assigned into five groups including control, OA+, OA+ CLX (100 mg/kg), OA+ SMN (50 mg/kg) and OA+ CLX + SMN (25 mg/kg). Combined treatment returned the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators (ROS, TNF-α, ALP, COX-2) to normal levels in 14 days. In the SMN + CLX treated animals significant reduction in KL grade and normal joint space narrowing was observed. X-ray radiological studies supported the biochemical findings. These findings suggest that co-administration of SMN with CLX could be an effective antiarthritic treatment which can equally abolish the arthritis associated secondary complication.

炎症是导致疼痛和残疾的骨关节炎(OA)的标志。目的探讨水飞蓟素(SMN,一种抗氧化剂)、塞来昔布(CLX,一种选择性COX抑制剂)及其联合用药对化学诱导大鼠关节炎的影响。测定了治疗的生化参数和放射学影响。Wistar雄性大鼠分为对照组、OA+、OA+ CLX (100 mg/kg)、OA+ SMN (50 mg/kg)和OA+ CLX + SMN (25 mg/kg) 5组。联合治疗14天后,升高的炎症介质(ROS、TNF-α、ALP、COX-2)水平恢复正常。在SMN + CLX治疗的动物中,观察到KL等级显著降低和正常关节间隙狭窄。x射线放射学研究证实了这一生化发现。这些发现表明SMN与CLX联合使用可能是一种有效的抗关节炎治疗方法,同样可以消除关节炎相关的继发并发症。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition
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