Child Protection and Practice最新文献_第5页

A qualitative study exploring the untold local narratives: Gatekeepers’ perspectives on child polyvictimization in Mageta island of western Kenya 一项探索不为人知的地方叙事的定性研究：看门人对肯尼亚西部马格塔岛儿童多重受害的看法

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100243

Stephen Okumu Ombere

Background

Child abuse is a global menace. Violence against children is a serious and pervasive public health, development, and human rights issue affecting an estimated one billion children aged 2–17 each year. Studies usually focus on single forms of violence and one single type of location or perpetrator. Although there exists empirical work addressing the consequences and impact of specific forms of childhood victimization (such as physical, sexual, or emotional abuse), researchers increasingly recognize the prevalence of polyvictimization or exposure to multiple types of victimization. However, there is paucity of information on local descriptions and perspectives of polyvictimization especially in hard-to-reach areas such as the islands.

Objective

This study explored the local perspectives of polyvictimization based on local narratives of untold stories. Some narratives appeared normal to the locals, though they formed part of polyvictimization.

Participants

and setting: The study was conducted in Mageta Island, western Kenya. Participants were key community gatekeepers selected purposively. They included: one chief, three community health promoters, two police officers, and four beach leaders on the island.

Methods

The study was qualitative in nature and adopted a cross-sectional design. In-depth interviews and informal conversations were utilized to capture the narratives.

Results

Through the gatekeepers' narratives, this study shows that there exists polyvictimization on the Island. In the Island, polyvictimization is presented in various forms: it is unknowingly committed by the perpetrators, there exists transgenerationality of violence, where when children are abused, and they tend to carry the behaviour to adulthood. Polyvictimization is also presented through the socio-economic determinants of violence. Narratives of engaging children in economic activities such as fishing and other forms of child labour were mentioned as some of the determinants. Additionally, figures of child violence and lack of disclosure also emerged as narratives for polyvictimization on the Island.

Conclusion

Multiple child abuse cases are still rampant in Mageta Island. Some of the abuses are due to a lack of knowledge of the repercussions of such abuse on children. Though there has been local sensitization through the office of the chief, there is a need for more grassroots sensitization through the community gatekeepers and other actors interested in children's rights. Such sensitizations should target parents and guardians to minimize more cases of polyvictimization on the island. Moreover, a multi-agency approach could be appropriate in sensitizing the communities on the island.

虐待儿童是一个全球性的威胁。暴力侵害儿童是一个严重和普遍的公共卫生、发展和人权问题，每年影响到大约10亿2-17岁儿童。研究通常侧重于单一形式的暴力和单一类型的地点或肇事者。虽然已有实证研究解决了特定形式的儿童受害（如身体、性或情感虐待）的后果和影响，但研究人员越来越认识到多重受害或暴露于多种类型的受害的普遍存在。但是，缺乏关于当地情况和对多重受害的看法的资料，特别是在岛屿等难以到达的地区。目的探讨基于不为人知故事的地方叙事的多重受害的地方视角。有些叙述对当地人来说是正常的，尽管它们构成了多重受害的一部分。参与者和环境：研究在肯尼亚西部的Mageta岛进行。参与者是有目的选择的关键社区看门人。他们包括：一名酋长、三名社区卫生促进者、两名警察和四名岛上的海滩负责人。方法本研究为定性研究，采用横断面设计。深入的采访和非正式的谈话被用来捕捉叙述。结果通过守门人的叙述，本研究表明岛上存在多重受害现象。在岛上，多重受害以各种形式出现：肇事者在不知情的情况下实施；存在跨代暴力，当儿童受到虐待时，他们往往会将这种行为带到成年。多重受害也通过暴力的社会经济决定因素表现出来。关于让儿童从事诸如捕鱼和其他形式童工等经济活动的叙述被认为是一些决定因素。此外，儿童暴力的数字和缺乏披露也成为岛上多重受害的叙述。结论马格塔岛多起虐待儿童案件仍然十分猖獗。有些虐待是由于不了解这种虐待对儿童的影响。虽然通过主任办公室进行了地方宣传，但仍需要通过社区看门人和其他对儿童权利感兴趣的行动者进行更多的基层宣传。这种宣传应该针对父母和监护人，以尽量减少岛上更多的多重受害案件。此外，多机构的办法可以适当地提高岛上社区的敏感性。

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引用次数: 0

Early maltreatment and interoceptive awareness in youth: Associations among age, sex and child sexual abuse 青少年早期虐待和内感受性意识：年龄、性别和儿童性虐待之间的关系

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100244

Theresa M. Petrenchik

Background

Early maltreatment negatively impacts interoceptive awareness (IA), the attention to internal states and bodily sensations in daily life. Body trust, the belief that one can rely on internal bodily sensations as safe and accurate cues for needs, emotions, and states of arousal, is especially compromised. Although this has significant implications for for emotional regulation, self-awareness, and treatment limited research has examined IA in clinical samples of maltreated youth.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine age and sex related differences in interoceptive awareness in a clinical sample of youth receiving treatment for complex trauma. A second aim was to examine the relationship between substantiated child sexual abuse (CSA) and body trust.

Participants and setting

Data are from a clinical sample of 131 maltreated youth (ages 7–17) receiving therapeutic services for abuse and neglect. Mean age of 12 years, with 54 % female and 80 % in adoptive or guardian care.

Methods

The study involved a secondary analysis of Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-Youth (MAIA-Y) cross-sectional data. Two-way ANOVAs examined main and interaction effects for age and sex on five MAIA-Y scales. Linear regression analyzed the relationship between CSA and body trust.

Results

Attention Regulation (p = .03, η²p = .04) was significantly higher in the older age group (11–17). Significant age by sex interactions emerged for Attention Regulation (p = .025, η²p = .04), Self-Regulation (p = .02, η²p = .04), and Trusting (p < .001, η²p = .11). Adolescent females (11–17) scored significantly lower than males and younger females on all three measures. CSA uniquely explained a proportion of low body trust scores (p = .005, R² = .07).

Conclusions

Adolescent females with early maltreatment demonstrate unique vulnerabilities in self-regulatory aspects of interoceptive awareness. These findings underscore the need for developmentally sensitive, gender-specific interventions that prioritize restoration of body trust and self-regulatory aspects of interoceptive awareness in trauma treatment.

背景虐待会对日常生活中对内部状态和身体感觉的关注产生负面影响。身体信任，即一个人可以依靠身体内部的感觉作为需求、情感和觉醒状态的安全而准确的线索的信念，尤其受到损害。尽管这对情绪调节、自我意识和治疗具有重要意义，但有限的研究已经在受虐待青年的临床样本中检查了IA。目的本研究的目的是探讨在接受复杂创伤治疗的青少年临床样本中，年龄和性别相关的内感受意识差异。第二个目的是检验证实的儿童性虐待（CSA）和身体信任之间的关系。参与者和环境数据来自131名因虐待和忽视而接受治疗服务的受虐待青年（7-17岁）的临床样本。平均年龄12岁，其中54%为女性，80%由收养或监护人照料。方法对青少年间感受意识多维度评估（MAIA-Y）横断面数据进行二次分析。双向方差分析检验了年龄和性别在5个MAIA-Y量表上的主要和相互作用效应。线性回归分析CSA与身体信任的关系。结果大年龄组（11 ~ 17岁）的注意调节能力显著增高（p = 0.03, η2p = 0.04）。在注意调节（p = 0.025, η2p = 0.04）、自我调节（p = 0.02, η2p = 0.04）和信任（p < 0.001, η2p = 0.11）方面存在显著的年龄性别互动。青少年女性（11-17岁）在所有三项指标上的得分明显低于男性和年轻女性。CSA唯一地解释了低身体信任分数的比例（p = 0.005, R2 = 0.07）。结论早期遭受虐待的青少年女性在内感受意识的自我调节方面表现出独特的脆弱性。这些发现强调了在创伤治疗中需要对发育敏感、针对性别的干预措施，优先恢复身体信任和内感受意识的自我调节方面。

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引用次数: 0

How often do bruised pre-mobile infants subsequently sustain abuse? 会移动前受伤的婴儿后来遭受虐待的频率有多高？

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100242

Patrick Hewes , Varun Manohara , Christian Brown , Bridgette Maryman , Kenneth W. Feldman

Background

About half bruised pre-mobile infants have concurrent, often occult abuse. Others had legitimate accidents, birth injuries, bleeding disorders, and/or abuse without additional abuse findings or incomplete evaluations.

Washington State's recent legal and judicial changes cause fewer infants to be determined abused, and those to not be consistently protected. State law requires “Imminent danger” for protection, yet no literature documents subsequent abuse rates. Our goal was to determine how often subsequent abuse occurs.

Participants and setting

Since 2016, emergency department (ED) triage nurses screened children less than 4-years-old for high-risk bruising. Since 2018, our electric record included a pop-up for positive nurse screens, requiring physicians to confirm bruising and its evaluation.

Methods

We reviewed positive screens for less than 6-month-olds between 12/30/2018-12/30/2021. Hospital records were reviewed for initial evaluations and subsequent abuse. The County Prosecutor's Office reviewed subsequent felony referrals.

Findings

Of 100 positive nurse screens, 40 had physician confirmed bruising. Ten (25.0 %) were confirmed accidents, 3 (7.5 %) birth related, 3 (7.5 %) bleeding disorders, 20 (50.0 %) abuse, and 4 (20.0 %) unknown. Seventy-nine percent of abused and unknown infants were discharged with protection. Before 2-years-old, two (5.0 %) children (1 abused, 1 unknown) had subsequent abuse.

Conclusion

Only 0.14 % of ED infants less than 6-months-old had bruises. ED evaluations found abuse in half. Lack of Protective Services records precluded knowing how many children remained with or were returned to caretakers or had subsequent referrals. Subsequent abuse was infrequent, but clinically important for future risk.

背景：大约一半的活动前擦伤的婴儿有并发的，通常是隐匿的虐待。其他人有合法的事故，出生伤害，出血性疾病和/或虐待，没有额外的虐待发现或不完整的评估。华盛顿州最近的法律和司法改革减少了被认定为受虐待的婴儿，也减少了那些没有得到持续保护的婴儿。州法律要求“迫在眉睫的危险”作为保护，但没有文献记录随后的虐待率。我们的目标是确定随后发生虐待的频率。自2016年以来，急诊科（ED）分诊护士对4岁以下儿童进行高风险瘀伤筛查。自2018年以来，我们的电子记录包括一个弹出式的阳性护士筛查，要求医生确认瘀伤及其评估。方法回顾2018年12月30日至2021年12月30日期间6个月以下婴儿的阳性筛查。对医院记录进行了审查，以进行初步评估和随后的滥用。县检察官办公室审查了随后移交的重罪案件。在100例阳性的护士筛查中，有40例有医生确认的瘀伤。确诊事故10例（25.0%），出生相关3例（7.5%），出血性疾病3例（7.5%），虐待20例（50.0%），未知原因4例（20.0%）。79%的受虐待和身份不明的婴儿出院时得到了保护。2岁前，2名（5.0%）儿童（1名受虐待，1名未知）随后发生虐待。结论6个月以下ED患儿中仅有0.14%出现瘀伤。ED评估发现一半的孩子有虐待行为。由于缺乏保护服务记录，因此无法知道有多少儿童仍留在照料者那里，或被送回照料者那里，或后来被转诊。随后的滥用并不常见，但在临床上对未来的风险很重要。

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引用次数: 0

“We stole her back too” - Acts of resistance and restoration when traditional governance and authority of child and family matters is reclaimed by the grandmothers of a First Nation community “我们也把她偷回来了”——当传统的儿童和家庭事务的治理和权威被第一民族社区的祖母们收回时，反抗和恢复的行为

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100232

Val Wood, Catherine Twinn , Connie Santos, Bob Lonne

Canada's 2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission's findings concerning child welfare highlighted impacts resulting in Indigenous people's dispossession, trauma, separation, and relational upheavals through forced removals and lasting harm to children, families and communities. Canadian Provincial government legislation over child welfare authority dominates and these outcomes continue today through child apprehensions. In 2020 the Canadian Federal Government enacted Bill C-92 respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families; a legal framework intended to reduce the gross over-representation of Indigenous children in care. It affirms the inherent jurisdictional authority of Indigenous communities over their child and family matters. In 2024 following some Provincial Governments' legal challenges, the Supreme Court of Canada unanimously confirmed C-92 is constitutional in its entirety.

This article chronicles the efforts of a team of Indigenous Dene, provincially-delegated workers with extensive experience working within provincial child and family legislative frameworks. Within 15-months 47 children taken by Alberta Children's Services from their rural community were returned and re-connected to their families, kin and culture. Culturally-based practices such as inclusion of ceremonial practices, using circle processes to conduct meetings and problem solve and respecting the traditional authority of matriarchs within the Indigenous Dene kinship system were key strategies in resisting and challenging the status quo of provincial child welfare authorities. These actions can encourage other communities to transform current child welfare approaches by restoring and reclaiming their own laws and traditional practices which offer alternative, humane and culturally-connected ways to protect children, support healing and rebuild communities.

加拿大2015年真相与和解委员会关于儿童福利的调查结果强调了强迫迁移和对儿童、家庭和社区的持久伤害对土著人民造成的剥夺、创伤、分离和关系动荡的影响。加拿大省政府对儿童福利当局的立法占主导地位，这些结果今天通过儿童逮捕继续存在。2020年，加拿大联邦政府颁布了《第C-92号法案》，尊重第一民族、因纽特人和姆萨梅蒂斯人的儿童、青年和家庭；一个法律框架，旨在减少土著儿童在照料机构中的比例过高。它肯定土著社区对其儿童和家庭事务的固有管辖权。2024年，在一些省政府提出法律挑战后，加拿大最高法院一致确认C-92完全符合宪法。本文记录了在省儿童和家庭立法框架内具有丰富工作经验的省委派的土著迪尼人工作小组的努力。在15个月内，47名被艾伯塔省儿童服务中心从农村社区带走的儿童被送回，并重新与他们的家庭、亲属和文化联系起来。以文化为基础的做法，如纳入仪式做法、利用循环程序举行会议和解决问题以及尊重土著迪尼族亲属制度中女族长的传统权威，是抵制和挑战省级儿童福利当局现状的关键策略。这些行动可以鼓励其他社区通过恢复和恢复自己的法律和传统习俗来改变目前的儿童福利做法，这些法律和传统习俗提供了另一种、人道的和与文化相联系的方式来保护儿童，支持康复和重建社区。

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引用次数: 0

Technology-facilitated violence against child welfare workers: A qualitative analysis 技术促进对儿童福利工作者的暴力行为：定性分析

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100241

Cheryl Regehr , Faye Mishna , Danielle Billard , Barbara Fallon , Jeffrey Schiffer , Rachael Lefebvre

Background

Advances in technology have influenced the provision of child welfare services in a variety of ways creating both new opportunities to improve services and new risks, including the risk of technology-facilitated violence (TFV) against workers.

Objective

This study aimed to: better understand the nature and impacts of TFV against child welfare workers; identify strategies employed by child welfare workers to minimize risk and manage the impacts of TFV; and explore how organizational responses may mitigate or exacerbate the impact of violence once it occurs.

Participants

Eleven child welfare workers from across Canada who worked in a variety of child welfare roles including intake and investigation, permanency planning, guardianship, and crisis intervention participated in interviews.

Methods

Using long-interview method of data collection, the researchers adopted a discovery-oriented qualitative design, employing the constructivist grounded theory method.

Results

Participants reported a variety of electronic means used to communicate with clients including email, social media platforms, direct messaging, and text messaging. While electronic means of communication provided opportunities for engagement both personally and professionally, it also carried the risk that abusive and threatening comments could be transmitted to workers in a new way. Results revealed an escalating progression of TFV. First, participants were subject to repeated abuse, harassment, and threats conveyed through email, text messages, and work-related social media. Next, abusive clients used information from online sources to contact workers through their personal social media, blurring the boundaries between their personal and professional lives. In addition, images and information about workers were shared on public and communal social media pages, inciting others to join in the abuse and harassment. Finally, the increased visibility of workers resulted in direct, in-person confrontations in the community not only by clients but also by members of the public. Participants indicated that organizations were insufficiently prepared to deal with TFV and as a result, workers were largely left to deal with TFV on their own.

Conclusion

As identified by participants in this study, there is an urgent need within child welfare for the development of policies and procedures related to TFV, training for workers on TFV prevention and mitigation strategies, and supports to mitigate the effects of TFV when it occurs.

背景技术的进步以各种方式影响了儿童福利服务的提供，既创造了改善服务的新机会，也带来了新的风险，包括针对工人的技术助长暴力行为的风险。目的：更好地了解儿童福利工作者的性侵犯行为的性质及其影响；确定儿童福利工作者所采用的策略，以尽量减少危险和管理TFV的影响；并探讨一旦暴力发生，组织反应如何减轻或加剧其影响。参与访谈的儿童福利工作者来自加拿大各地，他们从事各种儿童福利工作，包括接收和调查、永久计划、监护和危机干预。方法采用长访谈法收集资料，采用以发现为导向的定性设计，采用建构主义扎根理论方法。结果参与者报告了与客户沟通的各种电子手段，包括电子邮件、社交媒体平台、直接消息和短信。虽然电子通信手段提供了个人和专业参与的机会，但它也带来了辱骂和威胁性评论可能以新的方式传递给工人的风险。结果显示，TFV的进展不断升级。首先，参与者受到通过电子邮件、短信和与工作相关的社交媒体传达的反复虐待、骚扰和威胁。其次，虐待客户利用网上的信息通过员工的个人社交媒体联系他们，模糊了他们个人生活和职业生活之间的界限。此外，有关工人的图片和信息被分享在公共和公共社交媒体页面上，煽动其他人加入虐待和骚扰。最后，工人可见度的提高导致了社区中直接的、面对面的对抗，不仅是客户，还有公众成员。与会者指出，各组织没有充分准备处理ttfv，因此，工人在很大程度上要自己处理ttfv。结论本研究的参与者认为，儿童福利领域迫切需要制定与TFV相关的政策和程序，对工作人员进行TFV预防和缓解策略的培训，并在TFV发生时提供支持以减轻其影响。

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引用次数: 0

Is high socioeconomic position a privilege for everyone? Social inequalities among newcomer adolescents in Canada 高社会经济地位是每个人的特权吗？加拿大新移民青少年中的社会不平等

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100240

Nour Hammami

Aim

This paper investigated 3 social conditions of adolescent health: migration status, socioeconomic position, and bullying behaviours. The aim of this study was to investigate newcomer adolescents to Canada's experience of bullying behaviours, socioeconomic position, and self-rated health, and associations between these factors, compared with non-newcomers.

Methods

This study represents results from a proportional sample of 21,750 adolescents in Canada recruited through the HBSC-Canada study 2017/2018 cycle. The associations between self-rated health and household socio-economic position (SEP), migration status, the four bullying behaviours were assessed via logistic regression analysis that took into consideration ethnicity, gender, grade-level, variations in sampling by using survey weights, and the nested nature of the data.

Results

Newcomers, low SEP adolescents, and those involved in bullying behaviours all reported poorer self-rated health than their counterparts. At first, there were no statistical differences in bullying behaviours across newcomer and non-newcomer youth. However, further sub-group investigation showed that when SEP is considered in this association, there are statistical differences. Bullying behaviours differed among newcomer adolescents based on household SEP. Newcomer youth who are affluent, were more likely to be victims of in-school victimization, of cyber victimization, and involved with perpetrating cyber bullying compared with non-newcomer youth living in deprivation.

Conclusions

Migration, as a social condition and associate of health, when viewed at different levels of SEP is seen to be associated with bullying behaviours among adolescents in Canada, specifically cyberbullying behaviours of victimizing and perpetrating among high-SEP newcomer adolescents in Canada. Those living in deprivation are usually associated with poorer social and health outcomes relative to those living in affluence. This study's findings support intersectional approaches and analyses where intersections of adolescents' traits show unique associations with social and health outcomes.

目的调查青少年健康的3个社会条件：移民状况、社会经济地位和欺凌行为。本研究的目的是调查新来加拿大的青少年的欺凌行为的经验，社会经济地位和自评健康，以及这些因素之间的联系，与非新来的人相比。本研究代表了通过HBSC-Canada研究2017/2018周期招募的21,750名加拿大青少年的比例样本的结果。通过逻辑回归分析评估自评健康与家庭社会经济地位（SEP）、移民状况、四种欺凌行为之间的关联，该分析考虑了种族、性别、年级水平、使用调查权重的抽样变化以及数据的嵌套性质。结果新来者、低SEP青少年和有欺凌行为的青少年的自评健康状况均较同龄人差。起初，新移民和非新移民青少年的欺凌行为没有统计学差异。然而，进一步的亚组调查显示，当考虑SEP在这种关联时，存在统计学差异。新移民青少年的欺凌行为在家庭SEP上存在差异。与生活贫困的非新移民青少年相比，富裕的新移民青少年更有可能成为校园欺凌、网络欺凌的受害者，并参与实施网络欺凌。结论移民作为一种社会条件和健康相关因素，在不同SEP水平下被认为与加拿大青少年的欺凌行为有关，特别是加拿大高SEP新移民青少年的受害和实施网络欺凌行为。与生活富裕的人相比，生活贫困的人通常与较差的社会和健康结果有关。这项研究的发现支持交叉方法和分析，其中青少年特征的交叉点显示出与社会和健康结果的独特关联。

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引用次数: 0

Include all children – a discussion of improving self-report measures of violence for overlooked child populations 包括所有儿童——讨论如何改善被忽视儿童群体的暴力自我报告措施

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100234

Troels Græsholt-Knudsen , Sophia Backhaus , Katrin Chauviré-Geib , Aya Fujita , Carolina Jernbro , Stephanie Lange , Lakshmi Neelakantan , Dennis Oberleiter , Vania Sandoz , Meret Sophie Wallimann , Lucas Wissmann , Tobias Hecker , Gertrud Sofie Hafstad , Franziska Meinck

To protect children against violence, we need robust data from every child population. In spite of this, not all child populations are well represented in research. This hampers the usability of results to those left out, and necessitate a discussion of potential solutions. Data collection efforts are hampered by a lack of validated instruments for a number of populations, including but not limited to young children, children with disabilities, and children on the move, including refugees and immigrants. This results in the exclusion from research of many children who are disproportionately affected by violence, but unable to exercise their right to be heard on this matter. In this discussion article, we draw on the co-authors’ research experience and relevant literature to present issues specific to measurement of violence, and recommendations on how to get precise estimates in these underrepresented groups. These include puppet-based interviews for young children, alternative response formats such as validated sign language instruments for children with disabilities, and a range of violence measures which reflect the diverse violence experienced by children on the move. However, the literature also reveals an overall lack of validation and participatory approaches, affecting both research measuring violence against children, and development of instruments for this purpose. This article outlines recommendations and examples of best practice for including these children in research, and for the development and validation of instruments suitable for capturing their self-report of violence. It is our hope that this discussion article, and the potential solutions presented, can inspire further studies on violence on how to include all child populations in research.

为了保护儿童免受暴力侵害，我们需要来自每个儿童群体的可靠数据。尽管如此，并不是所有的儿童群体在研究中都得到了很好的代表。这阻碍了结果对那些被遗漏的人的可用性，并且需要讨论潜在的解决方案。由于缺乏针对一些人群的有效工具，包括但不限于幼儿、残疾儿童和流动儿童，包括难民和移民，数据收集工作受到阻碍。这导致许多儿童被排除在研究之外，这些儿童不成比例地受到暴力的影响，但却无法行使在这个问题上发表意见的权利。在这篇讨论文章中，我们借鉴了共同作者的研究经验和相关文献，提出了测量暴力的具体问题，并就如何在这些代表性不足的群体中获得精确的估计提出了建议。这些措施包括对幼儿进行基于木偶的访谈，为残疾儿童提供经过验证的手语工具等替代回应形式，以及一系列反映流动儿童所遭受的各种暴力的暴力措施。然而，文献也表明，总体上缺乏验证和参与性方法，这既影响了衡量暴力侵害儿童行为的研究，也影响了为此目的开发工具。本文概述了将这些儿童纳入研究的建议和最佳做法示例，以及开发和验证适合捕获其自我暴力报告的工具。我们希望这篇讨论文章以及提出的可能的解决办法能够激发关于如何将所有儿童纳入研究的暴力问题的进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

The disclosure of child psychological maltreatment: A systematic review 儿童心理虐待的披露：系统回顾

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100233

Ida Kilkku , Ida Liias , Taina Laajasalo , Noora Ellonen , Riikka Ikonen

Background

Child psychological maltreatment can be defined as intentional or unintentional harm to a child's psychological well-being and neglect of the child's emotional life and of care and attention to the child. It is the most common form of maltreatment, but it remains difficult to identify, address, and intervene against.

Objective

This study aims to describe the ways in which 6–17-year-old children disclose psychological maltreatment and the factors that either promote or prevent disclosure.

Participants and setting

This review included a total of 27,875 participants, mostly from the USA.

Methods

The literature search was conducted in June 2024 using the databases, CINAHL, Medline, Social Science Premium Collection, PsycINFO, and Science Direct. Studies selected according to the inclusion criteria were analyzed using inductive content analysis.

Findings

An analysis of 17 studies identified that in many cases, reporting of psychological maltreatment was planned and intentional, but that children also disclosed maltreatment unintentionally, for example, through risky behavior. Gender, age, emotional attachment to the perpetrator, and the child's emotional skills all related to the reporting of psychological maltreatment. The likelihood of reporting psychological maltreatment increased if the child self-identified the maltreatment and was supported in receiving help. With the appropriate response and strong social skills, the professional or supporter was able to facilitate the child's reporting of psychological maltreatment.

Conclusions

Children's emotional skills and ability to self-identify the maltreatment, as well as professionals' ability to respond to help-seeking and their social skills should be strengthened to facilitate disclosure of psychological maltreatment.

儿童心理虐待可以被定义为有意或无意地伤害儿童的心理健康，忽视儿童的情感生活以及对儿童的照顾和关注。这是最常见的虐待形式，但仍然难以识别、处理和干预。目的探讨6 - 17岁儿童心理虐待的披露方式及促进或阻止披露的因素。参与者和环境本综述共纳入27,875名参与者，主要来自美国。方法于2024年6月，通过CINAHL、Medline、Social Science Premium Collection、PsycINFO、Science Direct等数据库进行文献检索。根据纳入标准选取的研究采用归纳内容分析法进行分析。一项对17项研究的分析表明，在许多情况下，报告心理虐待是有计划和有意的，但儿童也会在无意中暴露虐待，例如，通过冒险行为。性别、年龄、对施暴者的情感依恋以及儿童的情感技能都与心理虐待的报告有关。如果儿童自我识别虐待并在接受帮助方面得到支持，报告心理虐待的可能性就会增加。通过适当的回应和强大的社交技巧，专业人员或支持者能够促进儿童报告心理虐待。结论应加强儿童的情感技能和自我识别虐待的能力，以及专业人员的求助反应能力和社交技能，促进心理虐待的披露。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a training and coaching programme for family support workers using modular intervention approaches 对采用模块化干预方法的家庭支助工作者培训和辅导方案进行评价

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100235

Stephen Pizzey , Arnon Bentovim , Lampros Bisdounis , Jenny Gray , Rosemarie Roberts

Many people working with children and families do not have specialist training in evidence-based interventions. A modular intervention approach, utilizing common elements of effective types of interventions, enables frontline practitioners, including those not holding a relevant professional qualification, to be trained to deliver evidence-based interventions in children's services. This study evaluates a training and coaching programme to improve Family Support Workers' (FSWs) knowledge, skills and confidence in using evidence-based modular intervention approaches working with eleven FSWs from a team in a London children's services department serving a culturally diverse community.

The programme evaluation used the Self-Efficacy Scale for Social Workers, a Confidence Scale and three qualitative questionnaires. The findings demonstrated this experienced group of FSWs reported increases in their confidence in the areas of their training. Statistically significant improvements in FSW's self-efficacy reflected their judgements about their improved capacity to effect change and achieve successful outcomes for children and families when using the range of modular resources. FSWs were continuing to use these approaches at five-year follow-up. During this period their supervisor trained new members of staff to use these resources. Government inspections noted the positive impact of the use of the intervention resources on outcomes for children and families. The programme, combining training, practice and coaching sessions, enabled FSWs to use modular evidenced-based tools and approaches to respond to the needs of children and families from a range of cultures resulting in improved outcomes. Supervisor involvement throughout the programme supported the continued use of the evidence-based interventions.

许多从事儿童和家庭工作的人没有接受过循证干预措施方面的专业培训。采用模块化干预方法，利用有效干预类型的共同要素，使一线从业人员，包括不持有相关专业资格的从业人员，能够接受培训，在儿童服务中提供基于证据的干预措施。本研究评估了一项培训和指导计划，以提高家庭支持工作者（FSWs）的知识、技能和信心，利用基于证据的模块化干预方法，与来自伦敦儿童服务部门的一个团队的11名家庭支持工作者一起为一个文化多元化的社区服务。项目评估采用社会工作者自我效能量表、信心量表和三份定性问卷。调查结果显示，这组经验丰富的fswws报告说，他们对培训领域的信心有所增加。统计上，FSW自我效能的显著改善反映了他们在使用模块化资源时对自己影响改变和为儿童和家庭取得成功结果的能力提高的判断。在五年的随访中，渔业福利机构继续使用这些方法。在此期间，他们的主管培训新员工如何使用这些资源。政府检查注意到，使用干预资源对儿童和家庭的成果产生了积极影响。该计划结合了培训、实践和辅导课程，使家庭福利工作者能够使用模块化的循证工具和方法来应对来自不同文化背景的儿童和家庭的需求，从而改善结果。督导人员在整个项目中的参与支持了循证干预措施的持续使用。

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引用次数: 0

Improving diagnostic and administrative coding of child maltreatment – evaluation of an e-learning course for health professionals 改进儿童虐待的诊断和行政编码——对卫生专业人员电子学习课程的评价

Child Protection and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100231

Verena Sterz-Burdack , Teresa Walter , Anna Eberhardt , Ulrike Hoffmann , Andreas Jud

Background

Child maltreatment (CM) is a major public health issue. Despite the key role of health professionals in detecting CM, it is significantly underreported in German hospitals. To address existing knowledge gaps in CM identification and coding, a comprehensive e-learning course with focus on CM identification and ICD-10 coding was developed.

Objective

This study provides an overview of the e-learning course and evaluates its effectiveness, namely how course participation changes knowledge, competencies and awareness of health professionals regarding handling cases of CM and coding CM. Satisfaction with the course is also evaluated.

Participants and setting

The sample includes 204 health professionals working in the medical field, the majority of whom are (pediatric) physicians. Of the participants, 173 identified as female, 30 as male, and one as diverse. Age of the participants ranges from 25 to 66.

Methods

Participants completed online questionnaires before and after attending the course. Descriptive analyses and paired t-tests were used to assess satisfaction and changes in knowledge, awareness, and competencies.

Results

Participants showed increased knowledge and competencies after the course, especially for coding CM. Satisfaction with the course was high and its content was deemed applicable to daily practice. In a framework of generally low attention to CM and its coding in the health sector, the course enhanced participants' understanding of the relevance of improved documentation.

Conclusion

E-Learning courses can enhance knowledge, competencies and awareness of CM and its coding, which is crucial for improving documentation and data collection on CM. Therefore, training opportunities should be expanded.

儿童虐待（CM）是一个重大的公共卫生问题。尽管卫生专业人员在检测CM方面发挥了关键作用，但在德国医院中，CM的发病率明显偏低。为了解决CM识别和编码方面的现有知识空白，开发了一个以CM识别和ICD-10编码为重点的综合电子学习课程。目的对电子学习课程进行概述，并评估其有效性，即课程参与如何改变卫生专业人员对CM病例处理和编码CM的知识、能力和意识。对课程的满意度也进行了评估。样本包括204名在医疗领域工作的卫生专业人员，其中大多数是（儿科）医生。在参与者中，173人是女性，30人是男性，1人是混血儿。参与者的年龄从25岁到66岁不等。方法参与者在课程前后分别完成在线问卷调查。描述性分析和配对t检验用于评估满意度和知识、意识和能力的变化。结果课程结束后，学员的知识和能力都有所提高，尤其是在编码CM方面。学员对课程的满意度较高，认为课程内容适用于日常实践。在卫生部门普遍不重视行政管理及其编码的框架下，该课程增强了与会者对改进文件编制的相关性的理解。结论e - learning课程可以提高对CM及其编码的认识、能力和意识，对改进CM的文献和数据收集具有重要意义。因此，应扩大培训机会。

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引用次数: 0