Cleaner Materials最新文献_第9页

Monitoring hydration and strength development of E-waste concrete: A passive sensing approach using piezo sensors 监测电子垃圾混凝土水化和强度发展：一种使用压电传感器的被动传感方法

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100326

Gaurav Kumar , Tushar Bansal , Dayanand Sharma

This study investigates the monitoring of hydration and development of compressive strength at different stages during the curing process of conventional concrete and electronic waste (E-waste) concrete using the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique with embedded piezo sensors (EPS). The experiment was carried out on concrete cube specimens in which the EPS was placed inside the conventional concrete (CC) and E-waste concrete specimens to monitor the changes during hydration and different stages (early age, later age and delayed age) of compressive strength development. Simultaneously, a destructive analysis was performed to identify the compressive strength. Statistical indices, namely root mean square deviation (RMSD) and mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD) have been established for the quantification of EMI signatures. The results revealed that with the 15% replacement of coarse aggregate with E-waste, the compressive strength of E-waste concrete decreased by 8.15 % after 28 days. The EPS sensor effectively captured the changes during the hydration and different stages of compressive strength development. The RMSD values indicate that the early-age strength development of CC and E-waste concrete is significantly higher than later-age and delayed age, and the same observations are also observed in destructive analysis with the increase in compressive strength at early age, followed by late age and delayed age. Hence, it was concluded that EPS can be used in monitoring the hydration and strength development of concrete in real time.

本研究采用嵌入式压电传感器（EPS）的机电阻抗（EMI）技术对传统混凝土和电子垃圾混凝土养护过程中不同阶段的水化和抗压强度发展进行了监测。试验采用混凝土立方体试件，将EPS置于常规混凝土（CC）和电子垃圾混凝土试件中，监测其水化过程及不同龄期（早期、后期和延迟龄期）抗压强度发展的变化。同时，进行了破坏性分析，以确定抗压强度。统计指标，即均方根偏差（RMSD）和平均绝对百分比偏差（MAPD）已经建立了量化电磁干扰信号。结果表明，当电子垃圾替代15%的粗骨料时，28天后电子垃圾混凝土的抗压强度下降了8.15%。EPS传感器有效地捕捉了水化过程和抗压强度发展的不同阶段的变化。RMSD值表明，CC和E-waste混凝土的早期强度发展显著高于后期和延迟龄期，在破坏分析中也观察到相同的现象，早期抗压强度增加，其次是后期和延迟龄期。综上所述，EPS可用于实时监测混凝土水化和强度发展。

{"title":"Monitoring hydration and strength development of E-waste concrete: A passive sensing approach using piezo sensors","authors":"Gaurav Kumar , Tushar Bansal , Dayanand Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the monitoring of hydration and development of compressive strength at different stages during the curing process of conventional concrete and electronic waste (E-waste) concrete using the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique with embedded piezo sensors (EPS). The experiment was carried out on concrete cube specimens in which the EPS was placed inside the conventional concrete (CC) and E-waste concrete specimens to monitor the changes during hydration and different stages (early age, later age and delayed age) of compressive strength development. Simultaneously, a destructive analysis was performed to identify the compressive strength. Statistical indices, namely root mean square deviation (RMSD) and mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD) have been established for the quantification of EMI signatures. The results revealed that with the 15% replacement of coarse aggregate with E-waste, the compressive strength of E-waste concrete decreased by 8.15 % after 28 days. The EPS sensor effectively captured the changes during the hydration and different stages of compressive strength development. The RMSD values indicate that the early-age strength development of CC and E-waste concrete is significantly higher than later-age and delayed age, and the same observations are also observed in destructive analysis with the increase in compressive strength at early age, followed by late age and delayed age. Hence, it was concluded that EPS can be used in monitoring the hydration and strength development of concrete in real time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stripping and cracking resistance of sustainable warm stone mastic asphalt incorporating construction and demolition waste aggregates with digital image processing 采用数字图像处理的建筑和拆除垃圾骨料的可持续温质沥青的抗剥落和抗开裂性能

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100324

Suleiman Abdulrahman , Hamad Al-abdul Wahhab , Waqas Rafiq , Ali Mohammed Babalghaith , Mirza Ghouse Baig , AIB Farouk

This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating construction and demolition waste (CDW) into Warm Stone Mastic Asphalt to mitigate the environmental impacts of waste accumulation and asphalt production emissions. The resulting mixtures were evaluated for moisture damage and cracking resistance with digital image processing techniques to provide deeper insights into their structural and performance characteristics. The study found that replacing up to 30% of natural aggregate with CDW aggregates preserved the tensile strength, stripping resistance, and fatigue performance, rendering the mixtures suitable for heavy traffic pavements. However, when the CDW aggregates replacement exceeded 30%, mechanical properties and moisture resistance declined, primarily due to increased aggregate porosity and breakage. Incorporating cellulose fibers mitigated binder drain-down, ensuring stable mixtures across all CDW aggregate levels. Correlation analysis suggests that enhancing the tensile strength ratio and indirect tensile strength as crucial for improving asphalt durability by minimizing aggregate breakage (to prevent accelerated failure) and enhancing fatigue life for superior performance. This research aligns with Sustainable Development Goals 9, 11, 12, and 13 by promoting sustainable construction practices, minimizing waste, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to advance eco-friendly development, thereby achieving cleaner materials and production processes. Future studies should focus on enhancing the performance of mixtures with higher CDW content by utilizing additives and advanced treatment methods, enabling broader applications in high-traffic pavements.

本研究探讨了将建筑和拆除废物（CDW）纳入温石胶沥青的可行性，以减轻废物积累和沥青生产排放对环境的影响。利用数字图像处理技术评估所得混合物的抗湿性和抗裂性，以更深入地了解其结构和性能特征。研究发现，用CDW骨料替代高达30%的天然骨料，保留了抗拉强度、抗剥落性和疲劳性能，使混合物适用于重型交通路面。然而，当CDW骨料替代量超过30%时，机械性能和抗湿性下降，主要是由于骨料孔隙率和破碎率增加。加入纤维素纤维减轻了粘结剂的流失，确保了所有CDW骨料水平的稳定混合物。相关分析表明，提高抗拉强度比和间接抗拉强度对于减少骨料断裂（防止加速破坏）和提高疲劳寿命以提高沥青耐久性至关重要。本研究与可持续发展目标9,11,12和13相一致，通过促进可持续建筑实践，最大限度地减少浪费，减少温室气体排放，促进生态友好型发展，从而实现更清洁的材料和生产过程。未来的研究应侧重于利用添加剂和先进的处理方法来提高高CDW含量的混合料的性能，使其在高流量路面上得到更广泛的应用。

{"title":"Stripping and cracking resistance of sustainable warm stone mastic asphalt incorporating construction and demolition waste aggregates with digital image processing","authors":"Suleiman Abdulrahman , Hamad Al-abdul Wahhab , Waqas Rafiq , Ali Mohammed Babalghaith , Mirza Ghouse Baig , AIB Farouk","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating construction and demolition waste (CDW) into Warm Stone Mastic Asphalt to mitigate the environmental impacts of waste accumulation and asphalt production emissions. The resulting mixtures were evaluated for moisture damage and cracking resistance with digital image processing techniques to provide deeper insights into their structural and performance characteristics. The study found that replacing up to 30% of natural aggregate with CDW aggregates preserved the tensile strength, stripping resistance, and fatigue performance, rendering the mixtures suitable for heavy traffic pavements. However, when the CDW aggregates replacement exceeded 30%, mechanical properties and moisture resistance declined, primarily due to increased aggregate porosity and breakage. Incorporating cellulose fibers mitigated binder drain-down, ensuring stable mixtures across all CDW aggregate levels. Correlation analysis suggests that enhancing the tensile strength ratio and indirect tensile strength as crucial for improving asphalt durability by minimizing aggregate breakage (to prevent accelerated failure) and enhancing fatigue life for superior performance. This research aligns with Sustainable Development Goals 9, 11, 12, and 13 by promoting sustainable construction practices, minimizing waste, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to advance eco-friendly development, thereby achieving cleaner materials and production processes. Future studies should focus on enhancing the performance of mixtures with higher CDW content by utilizing additives and advanced treatment methods, enabling broader applications in high-traffic pavements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data driven tensile strength prediction for fiber-reinforced rubberized recycled aggregate concrete using machine learning 基于机器学习的纤维增强橡胶再生骨料混凝土数据驱动抗拉强度预测

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100323

Avijit Pal , Khondaker Sakil Ahmed , Nur Yazdani

The structural integrity and long-term durability of concrete depend on its tensile strength, which endows the material with the capacity to resist crack initiation and propagation. The tensile strength of concrete is largely influenced by the mixing proportions, the type of aggregates, and the presence of fibers or additives. The incorporation of different ingredients and mixing proportions makes this property nearly unpredictable. To tackle this, this research examined the tensile strength behavior of fiber-reinforced rubberized recycled aggregate concrete (FR³C) using nine machine learning (ML) models. In this study, nine machine learning models—Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Regression, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network, AdaBoost, Gradient Boost, CatBoost, and Extreme Gradient Boost—were trained and tested using a dataset of 346 samples representing various mix proportions. The models were applied to predict the tensile strengths of the concrete and to determine the optimal proportions of ingredients. Key input characteristics include water-to-cement ratio (W/C), nominal aggregate size, rubber content, amount of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), type of fiber and usage, plasticizer use, fly ash (%), and compressive strength. The findings showed that K-Nearest Neighbors performed best in predicting FR³C tensile strength, achieving the lowest mean absolute error MAE (0.001) and root mean squared error (RMSE 0.001) and highest coefficient of determination (R² = 0.999) in test scores. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis indicated that compressive strength, W/C ratio, and fiber (%) are the most influential parameters affecting the tensile strength of FR³C. Moreover, increased W/C ratios and higher plasticizer content were associated with a 60–72 % reduction in tensile strength. This research may contribute to practical concrete mix design in the construction industry and also in the design process of structural elements particularly for crack width control and mitigation. Therefore, it is feasible to increase the usage of FR³C concrete by precisely forecasting its tensile strength, transforming wastes into resources, and minimizing the adverse environmental effects of construction materials.

混凝土的结构完整性和长期耐久性取决于其抗拉强度，抗拉强度赋予了材料抵抗裂缝萌生和扩展的能力。混凝土的抗拉强度在很大程度上受混合比例、骨料类型以及纤维或添加剂的存在的影响。不同成分的混合和混合比例使得这种特性几乎不可预测。为了解决这个问题，本研究使用9个机器学习（ML）模型研究了纤维增强橡胶再生骨料混凝土（FR3C）的抗拉强度行为。在这项研究中，9个机器学习模型——随机森林、k近邻、支持向量回归、决策树、人工神经网络、AdaBoost、梯度Boost、CatBoost和极端梯度Boost——使用代表不同混合比例的346个样本的数据集进行了训练和测试。该模型用于预测混凝土的抗拉强度，并确定最佳配比的成分。关键输入特性包括水灰比（W/C）、标称骨料尺寸、橡胶含量、再生粗骨料（RCA）量、纤维类型和使用、增塑剂使用、粉煤灰（%）和抗压强度。结果表明，K-Nearest Neighbors在预测FR3C抗拉强度方面表现最好，测试成绩的平均绝对误差MAE（0.001）和均方根误差（RMSE 0.001）最低，决定系数（R2 = 0.999）最高。Shapley加性解释（SHAP）分析表明，抗压强度、W/C比和纤维（%）是影响FR3C抗拉强度的主要参数。此外，增加的W/C比和较高的增塑剂含量与拉伸强度降低60 - 72%相关。本研究可为建筑行业的实际混凝土配合比设计以及结构单元的设计过程，特别是裂缝宽度的控制和缓解提供参考。因此，通过对FR3C混凝土抗拉强度的精确预测，将废弃物转化为资源，最大限度地减少建筑材料对环境的不良影响，增加FR3C混凝土的使用量是可行的。

{"title":"Data driven tensile strength prediction for fiber-reinforced rubberized recycled aggregate concrete using machine learning","authors":"Avijit Pal , Khondaker Sakil Ahmed , Nur Yazdani","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural integrity and long-term durability of concrete depend on its tensile strength, which endows the material with the capacity to resist crack initiation and propagation. The tensile strength of concrete is largely influenced by the mixing proportions, the type of aggregates, and the presence of fibers or additives. The incorporation of different ingredients and mixing proportions makes this property nearly unpredictable. To tackle this, this research examined the tensile strength behavior of fiber-reinforced rubberized recycled aggregate concrete (FR<sup>3</sup>C) using nine machine learning (ML) models. In this study, nine machine learning models—Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Regression, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network, AdaBoost, Gradient Boost, CatBoost, and Extreme Gradient Boost—were trained and tested using a dataset of 346 samples representing various mix proportions. The models were applied to predict the tensile strengths of the concrete and to determine the optimal proportions of ingredients. Key input characteristics include water-to-cement ratio (W/C), nominal aggregate size, rubber content, amount of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), type of fiber and usage, plasticizer use, fly ash (%), and compressive strength. The findings showed that K-Nearest Neighbors performed best in predicting FR<sup>3</sup>C tensile strength, achieving the lowest mean absolute error MAE (0.001) and root mean squared error (RMSE 0.001) and highest coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.999) in test scores. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis indicated that compressive strength, W/C ratio, and fiber (%) are the most influential parameters affecting the tensile strength of FR<sup>3</sup>C. Moreover, increased W/C ratios and higher plasticizer content were associated with a 60–72 % reduction in tensile strength. This research may contribute to practical concrete mix design in the construction industry and also in the design process of structural elements particularly for crack width control and mitigation. Therefore, it is feasible to increase the usage of FR<sup>3</sup>C concrete by precisely forecasting its tensile strength, transforming wastes into resources, and minimizing the adverse environmental effects of construction materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a sustainable and cost-optimized cementitious composites incorporating local resources and jute fibre 利用当地资源和黄麻纤维开发可持续和成本优化的胶凝复合材料

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100322

Md.Atiqur Rahman, Md.Imran Kabir

This study aimed to develop a cost-optimized Jute Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Composites (JFRCCs) utilizing regionally sourced materials, including ordinary Portland cement, fine sand, jute fibre, superplasticizer, and by-products such as fly ash. A Full Factorial Design (2⁴) was employed to investigate four critical mixing parameters: water-to-binder proportion (W/B: 0.26–0.29), fly ash-to-cement proportion (FA/C: 1.2–2.0), sand-to-binder proportion (S/B: 0.3–0.5), and jute fibre content (0.5–1.0 % by volume), with parameter bounds established through preliminary experimental analysis. Thus, sixteen unique mixtures were formulated following a 2⁴ factorial framework, and key mechanical performance metrics–28-day compressive strength (f’_c), strain at peak compressive stress, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), splitting tensile strength (f_st), and material cost—were evaluated. The optimized JFRCCs complied with the minimum structural requirements for residential concrete specified in ACI 318–19. However, carbon footprint quantification across material production, transportation, and mixing phases revealed CO₂ emissions ranging from 458 to 668 kg/m³, underscoring the necessity for emission reduction strategies in sustainable mix design. Statistical analysis via response surface methodology yielded adjusted coefficients of determination (R²_adj) of 88.92 %, 75.53 %, 96.47 %, 94.82 %, and 100.00 % for compressive strength, strain, UPV, splitting tensile strength, and cost models, respectively, validated through ANOVA (p < 0.05) except for strain variability. Parametric sensitivity analysis elucidated the influence of individual factors on mechanical performances and cost-efficiency, while multi-objective desirability optimization identified an optimal mix ratio (W/B = 0.26, FA/C = 1.68, S/B = 0.50, jute content = 0.63 %) with a desirability value of 0.9614. This formulation achieved a balance between target mechanical properties (35 MPa compressive strength, 4 MPa splitting tensile strength) and cost-effectiveness, while maximizing strain capacity and UPV.

本研究旨在开发一种成本优化的黄麻纤维增强胶凝复合材料（JFRCCs），该材料利用当地采购的材料，包括普通硅酸盐水泥、细砂、黄麻纤维、高效减水剂和副产品，如粉煤灰。采用全因子设计（24）对水胶比（W/B: 0.26-0.29）、粉煤灰与水泥比（FA/C: 1.2-2.0）、砂胶比（S/B: 0.3-0.5）和黄麻纤维含量（体积比0.5 - 1.0%）4个关键混合参数进行了研究，并通过初步实验分析建立了参数界。因此，按照24因子框架配制了16种独特的混合物，并评估了关键的机械性能指标——28天抗压强度（f 'c）、峰值压应力应变、超声脉冲速度（UPV）、劈裂抗拉强度（fst）和材料成本。优化后的jfrcc符合ACI 318-19规定的住宅混凝土的最低结构要求。然而，材料生产、运输和混合阶段的碳足迹量化显示，二氧化碳排放量在458至668 kg/m3之间，强调了可持续混合设计中减排策略的必要性。通过响应面法进行统计分析，抗压强度、应变、UPV、劈裂抗拉强度和成本模型的调整决定系数（R2adj）分别为88.92%、75.53%、96.47%、94.82%和100.00%，并通过方差分析(p <；0.05)，应变变异性除外。参数敏感性分析揭示了各因素对机械性能和成本效益的影响，多目标优选优选出最佳配合比（W/B = 0.26, FA/C = 1.68, S/B = 0.50，黄麻含量= 0.63%），优选值为0.9614。该配方在目标力学性能（35 MPa抗压强度，4 MPa劈裂抗拉强度）和成本效益之间取得了平衡，同时最大限度地提高了应变能力和UPV。

{"title":"Development of a sustainable and cost-optimized cementitious composites incorporating local resources and jute fibre","authors":"Md.Atiqur Rahman, Md.Imran Kabir","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to develop a cost-optimized Jute Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Composites (JFRCCs) utilizing regionally sourced materials, including ordinary Portland cement, fine sand, jute fibre, superplasticizer, and by-products such as fly ash. A Full Factorial Design (2<sup>4</sup>) was employed to investigate four critical mixing parameters: water-to-binder proportion (W/B: 0.26–0.29), fly ash-to-cement proportion (FA/C: 1.2–2.0), sand-to-binder proportion (S/B: 0.3–0.5), and jute fibre content (0.5–1.0 % by volume), with parameter bounds established through preliminary experimental analysis. Thus, sixteen unique mixtures were formulated following a 2<sup>4</sup> factorial framework, and key mechanical performance metrics–28-day compressive strength (<em>f’<sub>c</sub></em>), strain at peak compressive stress, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), splitting tensile strength (<em>f<sub>st</sub></em>), and material cost—were evaluated. The optimized JFRCCs complied with the minimum structural requirements for residential concrete specified in ACI 318–19. However, carbon footprint quantification across material production, transportation, and mixing phases revealed CO<sub>2</sub> emissions ranging from 458 to 668 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, underscoring the necessity for emission reduction strategies in sustainable mix design. Statistical analysis via response surface methodology yielded adjusted coefficients of determination (<em>R<sup>2</sup><sub>adj</sub></em>) of 88.92 %, 75.53 %, 96.47 %, 94.82 %, and 100.00 % for compressive strength, strain, UPV, splitting tensile strength, and cost models, respectively, validated through ANOVA (<em>p</em> < 0.05) except for strain variability. Parametric sensitivity analysis elucidated the influence of individual factors on mechanical performances and cost-efficiency, while multi-objective desirability optimization identified an optimal mix ratio (W/B = 0.26, FA/C = 1.68, S/B = 0.50, jute content = 0.63 %) with a desirability value of 0.9614. This formulation achieved a balance between target mechanical properties (35 MPa compressive strength, 4 MPa splitting tensile strength) and cost-effectiveness, while maximizing strain capacity and UPV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineered char from waste plastic: A review on the physicochemical properties, carbon dioxide uptake, and application in construction materials 废塑料工程炭的理化性质、二氧化碳吸收量及其在建筑材料中的应用

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100321

Kushagra Singh, Souradeep Gupta

The application of carbon-rich char-based admixtures, including biochar and plastic char, in construction products has received substantial attention from global industries due to their potential to “lock in” carbon for the long term, thus mitigating the climatic impacts of future constructions. Furthermore, a sharp rise in plastic waste generation and uncontrolled landfilling threatens natural ecosystems. Depending on type, plastic waste can be used as fuel, and the generated char (solid residue) can be reintegrated into the construction value chain by utilizing it as a carbon-sequestering admixture in construction materials. This article discusses critical factors, including the synthesis temperature, heating rate, and different activation pathways, for tuning plastic char’s porosity and surface properties, contributing to enhanced carbon fixation and CO₂ uptake. Chemical pyrolysis using alkaline agents produces microporous structure (< 2 nm) with high surface areas (> 1000 m²g⁻¹) and CO₂ uptake, ranging up to 4.6 mmolg⁻¹ while acidic agents produce a higher fraction of mesopores (> 2 nm) with lower surface areas < 1500 m²g⁻¹ and CO₂ uptake capacities (up to 1.8 mmolg⁻¹). The review finds that surface functionalization of plastic char and altering its physicochemical properties improve the engineering properties of construction binders. The locked carbon in the char, complemented by additional CO₂ uptake in the engineered pore and surface sites, can be instrumental in mitigating the embodied carbon of construction products. However, future investigations should study the microstructural interactions of engineered char within construction binders and conduct a holistic life-cycle assessment to fully realize the benefits of using engineered plastic char as a supplementary additive.

富含碳的炭基外加剂（包括生物炭和塑料炭）在建筑产品中的应用受到了全球工业的广泛关注，因为它们有可能长期“锁定”碳，从而减轻未来建筑对气候的影响。此外，塑料垃圾的急剧增加和不受控制的垃圾填埋威胁着自然生态系统。根据不同的类型，塑料垃圾可以用作燃料，而产生的焦炭（固体残渣）可以作为建筑材料中的碳隔离添加剂，重新融入建筑价值链。本文讨论了调节塑料炭孔隙率和表面性能的关键因素，包括合成温度、加热速率和不同的激活途径，这些因素有助于增强碳固定和二氧化碳吸收。使用碱性试剂进行化学热解产生微孔结构(<；2 nm)，具有高表面积(>；1000 mmolg−1)和CO2吸收，范围高达4.6 mmolg−1，而酸性剂产生更高比例的中孔(>；2 nm)，具有较低的表面积<；1500 mmolg−1和二氧化碳吸收能力（高达1.8 mmolg−1）。研究发现，塑料炭的表面功能化及其理化性质的改变可以改善建筑粘合剂的工程性能。炭中的锁定碳，加上工程孔和表面部位额外的二氧化碳吸收，可以有助于减轻建筑产品的隐含碳。然而，未来的研究应该研究工程炭在建筑粘合剂中的微观结构相互作用，并进行全面的生命周期评估，以充分认识使用工程塑料炭作为补充添加剂的好处。

{"title":"Engineered char from waste plastic: A review on the physicochemical properties, carbon dioxide uptake, and application in construction materials","authors":"Kushagra Singh, Souradeep Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of carbon-rich char-based admixtures, including biochar and plastic char, in construction products has received substantial attention from global industries due to their potential to “lock in” carbon for the long term, thus mitigating the climatic impacts of future constructions. Furthermore, a sharp rise in plastic waste generation and uncontrolled landfilling threatens natural ecosystems. Depending on type, plastic waste can be used as fuel, and the generated char (solid residue) can be reintegrated into the construction value chain by utilizing it as a carbon-sequestering admixture in construction materials. This article discusses critical factors, including the synthesis temperature, heating rate, and different activation pathways, for tuning plastic char’s porosity and surface properties, contributing to enhanced carbon fixation and CO<sub>2</sub> uptake. Chemical pyrolysis using alkaline agents produces microporous structure (< 2 nm) with high surface areas (> 1000 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>) and CO<sub>2</sub> uptake, ranging up to 4.6 mmolg<sup>−1</sup> while acidic agents produce a higher fraction of mesopores (> 2 nm) with lower surface areas < 1500 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup> and CO<sub>2</sub> uptake capacities (up to 1.8 mmolg<sup>−1</sup>). The review finds that surface functionalization of plastic char and altering its physicochemical properties improve the engineering properties of construction binders. The locked carbon in the char, complemented by additional CO<sub>2</sub> uptake in the engineered pore and surface sites, can be instrumental in mitigating the embodied carbon of construction products. However, future investigations should study the microstructural interactions of engineered char within construction binders and conduct a holistic life-cycle assessment to fully realize the benefits of using engineered plastic char as a supplementary additive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating environmental and economic sustainability of engineered chitosan particles for water treatment 评价工程壳聚糖水处理颗粒的环境和经济可持续性

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100319

Fatima Iqbal , Astha Upadhyay , Rouzbeh Tehrani , Lewis S. Rowles

The global water demands have prompted the development of sustainable treatment solutions, with adsorptive chitosan composites emerging as promising alternatives to petroleum-based materials. As a cleaner material, chitosan offers significant advantages over conventional adsorbents, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, and the potential to create a circular economy in water treatment applications. This study presents a comprehensive sustainability assessment of three novel porous chitosan particles synthesized using low-toxicity solvents, focusing solely on the production of pure chitosan scaffolds without additional adsorptive materials for targeted removal. Integrating techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment, we evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact of methylpentane, azocarboxamide, and tween porous chitosan particles. Our analysis, normalized to both production mass and methylene blue removal efficiency, reveals complex tradeoffs among costs, environmental impacts, and performance. Azocarboxamide particles was the most cost-effective in production at 32.89 [26.13-41.00] USD/g, while having greater environmental impacts and less removal (< 20 %). In contrast, methylpentane particles demonstrated superior environmental sustainability, achieving a removal efficiency of > 90 % with moderate production cost of 104.07 [80.76-135.07] USD/g. This divergence in results highlights the critical importance of considering both production costs and functional performance when evaluating the sustainability of these materials. Sensitivity analysis identified key sustainability drivers, including precursor costs, synthesis yield, material quantities, and energy consumption. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing synthesis conditions and considering full life cycle impacts in developing chitosan-based adsorbents. This study provides a robust framework for evaluating the sustainability of biopolymer-based materials and supports informed decision-making in advancing water treatment technologies and promoting a circular economy.

全球对水的需求推动了可持续处理解决方案的发展，吸附壳聚糖复合材料成为石油基材料的有希望的替代品。作为一种清洁材料，壳聚糖与传统吸附剂相比具有显著的优势，包括生物可降解性、生物相容性以及在水处理应用中创造循环经济的潜力。本研究对使用低毒溶剂合成的三种新型多孔壳聚糖颗粒的可持续性进行了综合评估，重点关注纯壳聚糖支架的生产，而无需额外的吸附材料进行靶向去除。结合技术经济分析和生命周期评价，对甲基戊烷、偶氮甲酰胺和多孔壳聚糖颗粒的经济可行性和环境影响进行了评价。我们的分析，将生产量和亚甲基蓝去除效率归一化，揭示了成本、环境影响和性能之间的复杂权衡。偶氮甲酰胺颗粒在生产中最具成本效益，为32.89[26.13-41.00]美元/克，但对环境影响较大，去除率较低(<；20%)。相比之下，甲基戊烷颗粒表现出优异的环境可持续性，达到了>；90%，生产成本为104.07[80.76-135.07]美元/克。这种结果的差异突出了在评估这些材料的可持续性时考虑生产成本和功能性能的关键重要性。敏感性分析确定了关键的可持续性驱动因素，包括前体成本、合成产量、材料数量和能源消耗。这些发现强调了优化合成条件和考虑全生命周期影响在开发壳聚糖基吸附剂中的重要性。这项研究为评估生物聚合物基材料的可持续性提供了一个强有力的框架，并为推进水处理技术和促进循环经济的明智决策提供了支持。

{"title":"Evaluating environmental and economic sustainability of engineered chitosan particles for water treatment","authors":"Fatima Iqbal , Astha Upadhyay , Rouzbeh Tehrani , Lewis S. Rowles","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global water demands have prompted the development of sustainable treatment solutions, with adsorptive chitosan composites emerging as promising alternatives to petroleum-based materials. As a cleaner material, chitosan offers significant advantages over conventional adsorbents, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, and the potential to create a circular economy in water treatment applications. This study presents a comprehensive sustainability assessment of three novel porous chitosan particles synthesized using low-toxicity solvents, focusing solely on the production of pure chitosan scaffolds without additional adsorptive materials for targeted removal. Integrating techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment, we evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact of methylpentane, azocarboxamide, and tween porous chitosan particles. Our analysis, normalized to both production mass and methylene blue removal efficiency, reveals complex tradeoffs among costs, environmental impacts, and performance. Azocarboxamide particles was the most cost-effective in production at 32.89 [26.13-41.00] USD/g, while having greater environmental impacts and less removal (< 20 %). In contrast, methylpentane particles demonstrated superior environmental sustainability, achieving a removal efficiency of > 90 % with moderate production cost of 104.07 [80.76-135.07] USD/g. This divergence in results highlights the critical importance of considering both production costs and functional performance when evaluating the sustainability of these materials. Sensitivity analysis identified key sustainability drivers, including precursor costs, synthesis yield, material quantities, and energy consumption. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing synthesis conditions and considering full life cycle impacts in developing chitosan-based adsorbents. This study provides a robust framework for evaluating the sustainability of biopolymer-based materials and supports informed decision-making in advancing water treatment technologies and promoting a circular economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly water barrier coating for paper packaging: Harnessing bio-calcium carbonate from mussel shell waste 纸包装用环保防水涂料：利用贻贝废料中的生物碳酸钙

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100318

Lunjakorn Amornkitbamrung , Atichar Thanawinitcharoen , Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon , Cheol-Hee Ahn , Sanong Ekgasit , Sarawut Rimdusit

In this study, we addressed the issue of non-recyclable and slow-to-biodegrade waste from paper packaging coated with plastic, along with the local problem of accumulating mussel shell waste in Thailand. To improve the water barrier properties of paper, we developed a bio-based coating using ethyl cellulose (EC) and biogenic calcium carbonate (bio-CaCO₃) particles sourced from discarded green mussel shells. Chemical and mechanical treatments were applied to the shells, resulting in plate-like particles with a diameter of 2–5 μm and a thickness of 0.5 μm. Treating the particles with stearic acid (SA) enhanced their surface hydrophobicity, increasing the water contact angle (WCA) from 31 to 110°. Paper samples were coated with a dispersion of bio-CaCO₃ particles in an EC solution, and their molecular characteristics, morphology, thermal stability, and mechanical properties were characterized. Investigation of the effects of SA treatment and coating content revealed significant improvements in water resistance. The water absorptivity (Cobb test) of filter paper decreased from 150 to 9 g/m², and for packaging paper, it decreased from 43 to 7 g/m² after coating. Furthermore, the WCA of filter paper increased from non-measurable to 122°, while the WCA of packaging paper increased from 109 to 132°. These improvements could be attributed to the reduced porosity and increased surface hydrophobicity by coating. Overall, this bio-based coating demonstrated a promising potential as an eco-friendly solution for water barrier coating of packaging paper.

在本研究中，我们解决了涂有塑料的纸包装产生的不可回收和生物降解缓慢的废物问题，以及泰国当地贻贝废物积累的问题。为了提高纸张的隔水性能，我们开发了一种生物基涂层，使用乙基纤维素（EC）和生物碳酸钙（bio-CaCO3）颗粒，这些颗粒来自废弃的绿色贻贝壳。对壳体进行化学和机械处理，得到了直径为2-5 μm、厚度为0.5 μm的片状颗粒。硬脂酸（SA）增强了颗粒的表面疏水性，使水接触角（WCA）从31°增加到110°。在EC溶液中涂覆生物caco3颗粒分散体，并对其分子特征、形态、热稳定性和力学性能进行表征。对SA处理和涂层含量影响的研究表明，其耐水性有显著提高。涂布后滤纸的吸水率（Cobb试验）从150 g/m2下降到9 g/m2，包装纸的吸水率从43 g/m2下降到7 g/m2。滤纸的WCA由不可测提高到122°，包装纸的WCA由109°提高到132°。这些改进可归因于涂层降低了孔隙率和增加了表面疏水性。总的来说，这种生物基涂料作为一种环保的包装纸防水涂料，具有很大的潜力。

{"title":"Eco-friendly water barrier coating for paper packaging: Harnessing bio-calcium carbonate from mussel shell waste","authors":"Lunjakorn Amornkitbamrung , Atichar Thanawinitcharoen , Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon , Cheol-Hee Ahn , Sanong Ekgasit , Sarawut Rimdusit","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we addressed the issue of non-recyclable and slow-to-biodegrade waste from paper packaging coated with plastic, along with the local problem of accumulating mussel shell waste in Thailand. To improve the water barrier properties of paper, we developed a bio-based coating using ethyl cellulose (EC) and biogenic calcium carbonate (bio-CaCO<sub>3</sub>) particles sourced from discarded green mussel shells. Chemical and mechanical treatments were applied to the shells, resulting in plate-like particles with a diameter of 2–5 μm and a thickness of 0.5 μm. Treating the particles with stearic acid (SA) enhanced their surface hydrophobicity, increasing the water contact angle (WCA) from 31 to 110°. Paper samples were coated with a dispersion of bio-CaCO<sub>3</sub> particles in an EC solution, and their molecular characteristics, morphology, thermal stability, and mechanical properties were characterized. Investigation of the effects of SA treatment and coating content revealed significant improvements in water resistance. The water absorptivity (Cobb test) of filter paper decreased from 150 to 9 g/m<sup>2</sup>, and for packaging paper, it decreased from 43 to 7 g/m<sup>2</sup> after coating. Furthermore, the WCA of filter paper increased from non-measurable to 122°, while the WCA of packaging paper increased from 109 to 132°. These improvements could be attributed to the reduced porosity and increased surface hydrophobicity by coating. Overall, this bio-based coating demonstrated a promising potential as an eco-friendly solution for water barrier coating of packaging paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of concrete containing wind-turbine wastes following mechanical, environmental and economic indicators 根据机械、环境和经济指标对含有风力涡轮机废料的混凝土进行优化

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100317

Nerea Hurtado-Alonso , Javier Manso-Morato , Víctor Revilla-Cuesta , Vanesa Ortega-López , Marta Skaf

The decommissioning of wind farms produces two primary waste materials: Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) derived from the foundation concrete, and Raw-Crushed Wind-Turbine Blade (RCWTB) obtained through the crushing and sieving of the blades. Incorporating these materials into concrete enhances sustainability and, in some cases, improves mechanical properties while reducing the final environmental impact and cost compared to conventional concrete. A comprehensive characterization of the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures with varying RCA (0–100%) and RCWTB (0–10%) contents was conducted, these mixes being designed with increased water and admixture contents to compensate for the expected loss of workability caused by the addition of these waste materials. A Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) and cost evaluation were also performed. The optimization of these mixtures was addressed using the Response Surface Method (RSM). The optimization process revealed that intermediate combinations of RCA (50%) and RCWTB (5%) yielded maximum flexural-tensile properties. However, achieving optimal performance proved more challenging when simultaneous optimization included compressive strength and deformability properties, such as modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s coefficient. For these properties, the optimal mix incorporated 88% RCA and 0% RCWTB. The RSM analysis demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating both RCA and RCWTB into concrete mixtures, mainly intended to work under bending stresses, but it also highlighted the complexities of achieving optimal performance when all mechanical properties were simultaneously considered. This research underscores the potential for these recycled materials to contribute to more sustainable concrete production while addressing the trade-offs in mechanical performance optimization.

风电场的退役产生两种主要废物：从基础混凝土中提取的再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和通过叶片破碎和筛分获得的原始破碎风力涡轮机叶片（RCWTB）。与传统混凝土相比，将这些材料加入混凝土中可以增强可持续性，在某些情况下，可以改善机械性能，同时减少最终的环境影响和成本。对不同RCA（0-100%）和RCWTB（0-10%）含量的混凝土混合料的力学性能进行了全面表征，这些混合料在设计时增加了水和外加剂的含量，以补偿由于添加这些废物而造成的可加工性的预期损失。生命周期评估（LCA）和成本评估也进行了。利用响应面法（RSM）对这些混合物进行了优化。优化过程表明，RCA（50%）和RCWTB（5%）的中间组合获得了最大的弯曲拉伸性能。然而，当同时优化抗压强度和变形性能（如弹性模量和泊松系数）时，实现最佳性能更具挑战性。对于这些性能，最佳的混合物中含有88%的RCA和0%的RCWTB。RSM分析证明了将RCA和RCWTB同时加入混凝土混合物的可行性，主要用于在弯曲应力下工作，但它也强调了在同时考虑所有机械性能时实现最佳性能的复杂性。这项研究强调了这些回收材料的潜力，有助于更可持续的混凝土生产，同时解决了机械性能优化方面的权衡。

{"title":"Optimization of concrete containing wind-turbine wastes following mechanical, environmental and economic indicators","authors":"Nerea Hurtado-Alonso , Javier Manso-Morato , Víctor Revilla-Cuesta , Vanesa Ortega-López , Marta Skaf","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The decommissioning of wind farms produces two primary waste materials: Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) derived from the foundation concrete, and Raw-Crushed Wind-Turbine Blade (RCWTB) obtained through the crushing and sieving of the blades. Incorporating these materials into concrete enhances sustainability and, in some cases, improves mechanical properties while reducing the final environmental impact and cost compared to conventional concrete. A comprehensive characterization of the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures with varying RCA (0–100%) and RCWTB (0–10%) contents was conducted, these mixes being designed with increased water and admixture contents to compensate for the expected loss of workability caused by the addition of these waste materials. A Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) and cost evaluation were also performed. The optimization of these mixtures was addressed using the Response Surface Method (RSM). The optimization process revealed that intermediate combinations of RCA (50%) and RCWTB (5%) yielded maximum flexural-tensile properties. However, achieving optimal performance proved more challenging when simultaneous optimization included compressive strength and deformability properties, such as modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s coefficient. For these properties, the optimal mix incorporated 88% RCA and 0% RCWTB. The RSM analysis demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating both RCA and RCWTB into concrete mixtures, mainly intended to work under bending stresses, but it also highlighted the complexities of achieving optimal performance when all mechanical properties were simultaneously considered. This research underscores the potential for these recycled materials to contribute to more sustainable concrete production while addressing the trade-offs in mechanical performance optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic review on the role of reclaimed asphalt pavement materials: Insights into performance and sustainability 系统回顾再生沥青路面材料的作用：对性能和可持续性的见解

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100316

Mayank Sukhija, Erdem Coleri

Recycling practices have become stringent, essentially to overcome scarcity and higher cost of natural resources such as asphalt binder and mineral aggregates. The desire to conserve these natural resources and achieve sustainability in road construction has paved the way for the application of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material for paving purposes. This state-of-the-art review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of RAP-inclusive asphalt binders and mixtures based on laboratory and field investigations. The review covers various aspects of RAP utilization, starting with a detailed methodology for characterizing RAP material. This includes the extraction and recovery process, the effectiveness of solvents, and associated risk factors. Understanding these processes is crucial for assessing the suitability of RAP in asphalt mixtures. As per the review, the most commonly used extraction and recovery methods are centrifuge extraction and rotavapor with trichloroethylene and n-propyl bromide solvents. Emphases were given on the extent of change in chemical and morphological properties of asphalt binder with the application of RAP material. In addition, this review addresses the impact of using RAP material on the cost and environmental burdens. Based on the literatures, with the use of RAP, the reduction in cost can range from 5% to 68%, along with 3%-95% lower impact on the environment relative to the no RAP condition. As a whole, the compiled literature underscores the feasibility of using RAP as a major step towards constructing new asphalt pavements with adequate mechanical performance while promoting economic and environmental stewardship.

回收做法已变得严格，主要是为了克服沥青粘合剂和矿物集料等自然资源的稀缺和高成本。保护这些自然资源和实现道路建设的可持续性的愿望为应用再生沥青路面（RAP）材料铺平了道路。这篇最新的综述旨在提供基于实验室和现场调查的RAP-inclusive沥青粘合剂和混合物的全面概述。这篇综述涵盖了RAP利用的各个方面，从描述RAP材料的详细方法开始。这包括提取和回收过程、溶剂的有效性以及相关的风险因素。了解这些过程对于评估RAP在沥青混合料中的适用性至关重要。根据综述，最常用的提取和回收方法是离心提取和三氯乙烯和正丙基溴溶剂的旋转蒸汽法。重点讨论了RAP材料的应用对沥青粘结剂化学性能和形态性能的影响。此外，本综述还讨论了使用RAP材料对成本和环境负担的影响。根据文献，与不使用RAP相比，使用RAP可以降低5% - 68%的成本，对环境的影响降低3%-95%。总体而言，汇编的文献强调了使用RAP作为建造具有适当机械性能的新沥青路面的主要步骤的可行性，同时促进经济和环境管理。

{"title":"A systematic review on the role of reclaimed asphalt pavement materials: Insights into performance and sustainability","authors":"Mayank Sukhija, Erdem Coleri","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recycling practices have become stringent, essentially to overcome scarcity and higher cost of natural resources such as asphalt binder and mineral aggregates. The desire to conserve these natural resources and achieve sustainability in road construction has paved the way for the application of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material for paving purposes. This state-of-the-art review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of RAP-inclusive asphalt binders and mixtures based on laboratory and field investigations. The review covers various aspects of RAP utilization, starting with a detailed methodology for characterizing RAP material. This includes the extraction and recovery process, the effectiveness of solvents, and associated risk factors. Understanding these processes is crucial for assessing the suitability of RAP in asphalt mixtures. As per the review, the most commonly used extraction and recovery methods are centrifuge extraction and rotavapor with trichloroethylene and n-propyl bromide solvents. Emphases were given on the extent of change in chemical and morphological properties of asphalt binder with the application of RAP material. In addition, this review addresses the impact of using RAP material on the cost and environmental burdens. Based on the literatures, with the use of RAP, the reduction in cost can range from 5% to 68%, along with 3%-95% lower impact on the environment relative to the no RAP condition. As a whole, the compiled literature underscores the feasibility of using RAP as a major step towards constructing new asphalt pavements with adequate mechanical performance while promoting economic and environmental stewardship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elaborating the knowledge structure and emerging research in the utilization of metal–organic formwork in engineering applications: A scientometric analysis from 2004 to 2024 阐述金属有机模板在工程应用中的知识结构和新兴研究：2004年至2024年的科学计量分析

Cleaner Materials

Pub Date : 2025-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2025.100314

Mohamed H. Alzard, Reem H. Alzard, Mohamed Abdellah

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as versatile materials with broad applications in engineering, from energy storage and environmental remediation to biomedical and sensing technologies. This study combines bibliometric analysis with an in-depth review of selected highly cited papers to examine MOF applications across multiple disciplines. The bibliometric analysis highlights significant research trends, including a dominant focus on energy and environmental engineering, a solid international collaboration, and the rapid growth of interdisciplinary applications. The keyword analysis identifies underexplored areas such as biomedicine, sensing, and unconventional uses like smart textiles and agriculture, highlighting potential directions for future research. Selected papers reveal key findings in fields such as energy storage, chemical engineering, and civil engineering. Applications range from enhancing cementitious materials to improving wastewater treatment and advancing battery technologies. Recommendations emphasize scalable synthesis methods, enhanced testing protocols, and interdisciplinary collaboration to address identified gaps. This study provides a roadmap for advancing MOF research and industrial implementation by aligning bibliometric findings with research recommendations. Future efforts should focus on expanding MOF applications, addressing scalability challenges, and integrating novel testing methods to maximize their potential in solving global engineering challenges.

金属有机框架（mof）作为一种多功能材料，在能源存储、环境修复、生物医学和传感技术等工程领域有着广泛的应用。本研究结合了文献计量学分析和对高被引论文的深入回顾，以检查MOF在多个学科中的应用。文献计量分析强调了重要的研究趋势，包括对能源和环境工程的主要关注，坚实的国际合作，以及跨学科应用的快速增长。关键字分析确定了未开发的领域，如生物医学、传感，以及智能纺织品和农业等非常规用途，突出了未来研究的潜在方向。精选的论文揭示了能源存储、化学工程和土木工程等领域的关键发现。应用范围从增强胶凝材料到改善废水处理和推进电池技术。建议强调可扩展的综合方法、增强的测试协议和跨学科合作，以解决已确定的差距。本研究通过将文献计量学研究结果与研究建议相结合，为推进MOF研究和工业实施提供了路线图。未来的工作应该集中在扩展MOF应用，解决可扩展性挑战，并集成新的测试方法，以最大限度地发挥其解决全球工程挑战的潜力。

{"title":"Elaborating the knowledge structure and emerging research in the utilization of metal–organic formwork in engineering applications: A scientometric analysis from 2004 to 2024","authors":"Mohamed H. Alzard, Reem H. Alzard, Mohamed Abdellah","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as versatile materials with broad applications in engineering, from energy storage and environmental remediation to biomedical and sensing technologies. This study combines bibliometric analysis with an in-depth review of selected highly cited papers to examine MOF applications across multiple disciplines. The bibliometric analysis highlights significant research trends, including a dominant focus on energy and environmental engineering, a solid international collaboration, and the rapid growth of interdisciplinary applications. The keyword analysis identifies underexplored areas such as biomedicine, sensing, and unconventional uses like smart textiles and agriculture, highlighting potential directions for future research. Selected papers reveal key findings in fields such as energy storage, chemical engineering, and civil engineering. Applications range from enhancing cementitious materials to improving wastewater treatment and advancing battery technologies. Recommendations emphasize scalable synthesis methods, enhanced testing protocols, and interdisciplinary collaboration to address identified gaps. This study provides a roadmap for advancing MOF research and industrial implementation by aligning bibliometric findings with research recommendations. Future efforts should focus on expanding MOF applications, addressing scalability challenges, and integrating novel testing methods to maximize their potential in solving global engineering challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0