Cleaner Water最新文献

Aquatic insects as indicators of water quality: Seasonal distribution and biomonitoring insights from a hilly river in the Eastern Himalayan region, India

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100056

Tanushree Chakravarty, Susmita Gupta

This study investigated the seasonal distribution and diversity of aquatic insect communities in the Jatinga River, a small hilly river in northeast India, to assess water quality through biomonitoring. Sampling was conducted at five sites along the river from upstream to downstream over one year seasonally (2018–2019). A total of 72 species, 58 genera, and 38 families were recorded, with species such as Micronecta sp.1, Ptilomera assamensis, and Hydropsyche sparna achieving eudominant status. Biotic index values like BMWP^THAI (score: 78–105), ASPT^THAI (score: 6.2–7.5), SIGNAL2 (score: 6.1–7), and EPT% (50.89–75.35) indicated good and clean water quality with healthy habitat at upstream sites (S1 and S2), with decreasing quality in downstream. Values of all the studied environmental variables of water were found within the permissible limit of Bureau of Indian Standards and World Health Organisation except Electrical conductivity (EC) and Total dissolved solid (TDS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed significant relationships between insect species distribution and environmental factors such as riverbed particles and water chemistry.

{"title":"Aquatic insects as indicators of water quality: Seasonal distribution and biomonitoring insights from a hilly river in the Eastern Himalayan region, India","authors":"Tanushree Chakravarty, Susmita Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the seasonal distribution and diversity of aquatic insect communities in the Jatinga River, a small hilly river in northeast India, to assess water quality through biomonitoring. Sampling was conducted at five sites along the river from upstream to downstream over one year seasonally (2018–2019). A total of 72 species, 58 genera, and 38 families were recorded, with species such as <em>Micronecta</em> sp.1, <em>Ptilomera assamensis</em>, and <em>Hydropsyche sparna</em> achieving eudominant status. Biotic index values like BMWP<sup>THAI</sup> (score: 78–105), ASPT<sup>THAI</sup> (score: 6.2–7.5), SIGNAL2 (score: 6.1–7), and EPT% (50.89–75.35) indicated good and clean water quality with healthy habitat at upstream sites (S1 and S2), with decreasing quality in downstream. Values of all the studied environmental variables of water were found within the permissible limit of Bureau of Indian Standards and World Health Organisation except Electrical conductivity (EC) and Total dissolved solid (TDS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed significant relationships between insect species distribution and environmental factors such as riverbed particles and water chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing microbial synergy: A comprehensive evaluation of consortia-mediated bioremediation strategies for petroleum refinery wastewater treatment 利用微生物协同作用：全面评估以联合体为媒介的石油炼制废水处理生物修复战略

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100055

Eziafakaego M. Ibo , Aina O. Adeogun , Michael U. Orji , Odera R. Umeh

The growing global demand for energy has led to the expansion of oil and gas industries, putting our environment at risk of pollution. The unregulated discharge of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW), accidental spills, and ineffective policies have led to severe contamination and increased environmental and health consequences making management and mitigation a priority for everyone. This study evaluated the performance of two biological treatment methods - free-cell microbial consortium and immobilized microbial system - in the remediation of PRW using physicochemical, 2,6-dichlorophenollindophenol (DCPIP), Gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The effectiveness of the two microbial consortia in reducing concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs) in the wastewater was compared to determine the most efficient method for treating PRW. The physicochemical result revealed cocktails of contaminants while Alcaligenes faecalis strain SLW6 and strain IAM 12369, and Providencia vermicola strain OP1, showed high degradative capacities. The immobilized and free-cell microbial systems significantly reduced the concentrations of PAHs, and HMs pollutants in the wastewater, with the former showing slightly better removal efficiencies for PAHs (92.97 % vs 87.34 %), heavy metals (99.17 %), and oil weight reduction (87.76 % vs 82.25 %) after the 28-day biodegradation period respectively. GC and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of various degraded products, demonstrating the microbial consortia's effectiveness in degrading complex organic compounds. The findings highlight the potential of microbial consortia-mediated remediation as an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for treating PRW, contributing to protecting water resources and promoting sustainable practices in the petroleum industry.

全球对能源的需求不断增长，导致石油和天然气行业不断扩张，使我们的环境面临污染风险。石油炼制废水（PRW）的无序排放、意外泄漏以及无效的政策导致了严重的污染，增加了对环境和健康的影响，因此管理和缓解污染成为每个人的当务之急。本研究采用物理化学、2,6-二氯苯酚（DCPIP）、气相色谱法（GC）和傅立叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）等技术，评估了两种生物处理方法（自由细胞微生物联合体和固定化微生物系统）在修复炼油厂废水中的性能。比较了两种微生物群在降低废水中多环芳烃（PAHs）和重金属（HMs）浓度方面的效果，以确定最有效的污水处理方法。理化结果显示，鸡尾酒中含有污染物，而粪钙藻菌（Alcaligenes faecalis）菌株 SLW6 和菌株 IAM 12369 以及普罗维登西亚蛭藻（Providencia vermicola）菌株 OP1 则表现出较高的降解能力。在 28 天的生物降解期后，固定化微生物系统和自由细胞微生物系统分别显著降低了废水中多环芳烃和重金属污染物的浓度，前者对多环芳烃（92.97 % 对 87.34 %）、重金属（99.17 %）和油重量降低（87.76 % 对 82.25 %）的去除率略高。气相色谱和傅立叶变换红外分析证实了各种降解产物的形成，证明了微生物群在降解复杂有机化合物方面的有效性。研究结果凸显了以微生物群落为媒介的修复方法作为一种生态友好型可持续方法处理污泥处理厂的潜力，有助于保护水资源和促进石油工业的可持续发展。

{"title":"Harnessing microbial synergy: A comprehensive evaluation of consortia-mediated bioremediation strategies for petroleum refinery wastewater treatment","authors":"Eziafakaego M. Ibo , Aina O. Adeogun , Michael U. Orji , Odera R. Umeh","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing global demand for energy has led to the expansion of oil and gas industries, putting our environment at risk of pollution. The unregulated discharge of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW), accidental spills, and ineffective policies have led to severe contamination and increased environmental and health consequences making management and mitigation a priority for everyone. This study evaluated the performance of two biological treatment methods - free-cell microbial consortium and immobilized microbial system - in the remediation of PRW using physicochemical, 2,6-dichlorophenollindophenol (DCPIP), Gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The effectiveness of the two microbial consortia in reducing concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs) in the wastewater was compared to determine the most efficient method for treating PRW. The physicochemical result revealed cocktails of contaminants while Alcaligenes faecalis strain SLW6 and strain IAM 12369, and Providencia vermicola strain OP1, showed high degradative capacities. The immobilized and free-cell microbial systems significantly reduced the concentrations of PAHs, and HMs pollutants in the wastewater, with the former showing slightly better removal efficiencies for PAHs (92.97 % vs 87.34 %), heavy metals (99.17 %), and oil weight reduction (87.76 % vs 82.25 %) after the 28-day biodegradation period respectively. GC and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of various degraded products, demonstrating the microbial consortia's effectiveness in degrading complex organic compounds. The findings highlight the potential of microbial consortia-mediated remediation as an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for treating PRW, contributing to protecting water resources and promoting sustainable practices in the petroleum industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resources optimization using Pareto analysis for sea water desalination plants 利用帕累托分析法对海水淡化厂进行资源优化

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100054

Nicolau Chirinza , Paulino Muguirrima , Federico A. Leon Zerpa , Alejandro Ramos Martin , Carlos A. Mendieta Pino

This study examines the potential of implementing a systematic approach to piloting desalination plants, with the objective of evaluating energy improvements in water desalination processes. The introduction of new reverse osmosis membranes is imperative at the small-scale level. The findings can be extrapolated to inform the operation of large-scale desalination plants. The objective of this approach is to achieve the optimal water quality standard at the lowest possible cost. In this manner, pilot tests are being conducted prior to the determination of whether to alter the reverse osmosis membranes, as this represents a substantial investment. The objective of these tests is to minimise the risk of making an erroneous decision and to ensure optimal results in terms of energy consumption, operating costs and reduction of environmental impact, while complying with the requisite water quality standards. In this instance, the Pareto analysis is utilised to ascertain the two or three most significant causes whose treatment affects more than 80 % of the potential energy savings to be implemented. This article introduces a novel approach to studying a total of 180 desalination plants at the territorial level in the Canaries.

本研究探讨了采用系统方法试运行海水淡化厂的可能性，目的是评估海水淡化过程中的能源改进情况。新型反渗透膜的引入在小规模层面上势在必行。研究结果可用于大型海水淡化厂的运营。这种方法的目标是以尽可能低的成本达到最佳水质标准。因此，在确定是否改变反渗透膜之前，先进行试验性测试，因为这意味着大量投资。这些试验的目的是最大限度地降低做出错误决定的风险，并确保在能耗、运行成本和减少环境影响方面取得最佳结果，同时符合必要的水质标准。在这种情况下，可以利用帕累托分析法来确定两到三个最重要的原因，这些原因的处理会影响到 80% 以上的潜在节能效果。本文介绍了一种新颖的方法，用于研究加那利群岛地区的总共 180 家海水淡化厂。

{"title":"Resources optimization using Pareto analysis for sea water desalination plants","authors":"Nicolau Chirinza , Paulino Muguirrima , Federico A. Leon Zerpa , Alejandro Ramos Martin , Carlos A. Mendieta Pino","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the potential of implementing a systematic approach to piloting desalination plants, with the objective of evaluating energy improvements in water desalination processes. The introduction of new reverse osmosis membranes is imperative at the small-scale level. The findings can be extrapolated to inform the operation of large-scale desalination plants. The objective of this approach is to achieve the optimal water quality standard at the lowest possible cost. In this manner, pilot tests are being conducted prior to the determination of whether to alter the reverse osmosis membranes, as this represents a substantial investment. The objective of these tests is to minimise the risk of making an erroneous decision and to ensure optimal results in terms of energy consumption, operating costs and reduction of environmental impact, while complying with the requisite water quality standards. In this instance, the Pareto analysis is utilised to ascertain the two or three most significant causes whose treatment affects more than 80 % of the potential energy savings to be implemented. This article introduces a novel approach to studying a total of 180 desalination plants at the territorial level in the Canaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The incorporation of activated carbon as a substrate in a constructed wetland. A review 将活性炭作为基质纳入人工湿地。综述

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100053

Petro Karungamye

This review examines the potential of utilizing activated carbon as a substrate in constructed wetlands. The integration of activated carbon aims to enhance the quality of water and wastewater by leveraging natural treatment processes alongside the adsorptive capabilities of activated carbon. Due to its high surface area and unique pore structure, activated carbon effectively adsorbs a range of pollutants, such as organic compounds, heavy metals, and nutrients. Researchers are focused on improving the removal of contaminants that traditional constructed wetland systems may struggle to address. Various methods for integrating activated carbon include mixing it with other substrates or employing it as a distinct layer within the wetland bed. The success of these strategies is influenced by factors such as the type of pollutants, hydraulic retention time, and the characteristics of wetland vegetation. Studies have shown that activated carbon can enhance the elimination of contaminants like pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial waste in constructed wetlands. Nonetheless, additional research is required to optimize the design and operation of these systems, investigate variables such as carbon particle size and loading rates, and perform long-term monitoring to evaluate the stability and sustainability of activated carbon-enhanced constructed wetlands.

本综述探讨了在建造湿地中利用活性炭作为基质的潜力。整合活性炭的目的是通过利用自然处理过程和活性炭的吸附能力来提高水和废水的质量。由于活性炭具有高表面积和独特的孔隙结构，因此能有效吸附一系列污染物，如有机化合物、重金属和营养物质。研究人员专注于提高传统建造的湿地系统可能难以解决的污染物去除率。整合活性碳的方法多种多样，包括将活性碳与其他基质混合，或将其作为湿地床内的一个独立层。这些策略的成功与否受污染物类型、水力停留时间和湿地植被特征等因素的影响。研究表明，活性炭可以提高建造湿地对药物、杀虫剂和工业废物等污染物的清除率。不过，还需要进行更多的研究，以优化这些系统的设计和运行，调查碳颗粒大小和负载率等变量，并进行长期监测，以评估活性碳强化构建湿地的稳定性和可持续性。

{"title":"The incorporation of activated carbon as a substrate in a constructed wetland. A review","authors":"Petro Karungamye","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines the potential of utilizing activated carbon as a substrate in constructed wetlands. The integration of activated carbon aims to enhance the quality of water and wastewater by leveraging natural treatment processes alongside the adsorptive capabilities of activated carbon. Due to its high surface area and unique pore structure, activated carbon effectively adsorbs a range of pollutants, such as organic compounds, heavy metals, and nutrients. Researchers are focused on improving the removal of contaminants that traditional constructed wetland systems may struggle to address. Various methods for integrating activated carbon include mixing it with other substrates or employing it as a distinct layer within the wetland bed. The success of these strategies is influenced by factors such as the type of pollutants, hydraulic retention time, and the characteristics of wetland vegetation. Studies have shown that activated carbon can enhance the elimination of contaminants like pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial waste in constructed wetlands. Nonetheless, additional research is required to optimize the design and operation of these systems, investigate variables such as carbon particle size and loading rates, and perform long-term monitoring to evaluate the stability and sustainability of activated carbon-enhanced constructed wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term AI prediction of ammonium levels in rivers using transformer and ensemble models 利用变压器和集合模型对河流中的氨含量进行长期 AI 预测

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100051

Ali J. Ali, Ashraf A. Ahmed

This study provides a cutting-edge machine learning approach to forecast ammonium (

{NH}_{4}^{+}

) levels in River Lee London. Ammonium concentrations were predicted over several time intervals using a complete dataset that includes temperature, turbidity, chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and pH. Our technique captures the intricate connections between environmental conditions and ammonium concentrations using developed algorithms, including Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT), Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) levels versus the important factors, considerably improving prediction accuracy. The novel aspect of this study is the utilisation of the TFT model for multi-horizon forecasting, which offers high accuracy and interpretability in hydrological predictions by combining convolutional components with an attention mechanism. The study also demonstrates the effectiveness of the TFT model in capturing short-term fluctuations while retaining accuracy over long time periods, which is a major difficulty in environmental modelling. The models used, have exceptional forecasting skills, predicting 150, 200, 365, 730, and 1095 days based on daily average and 12, 24 and 30 months based on monthly average. This dual-scale model combines flexibility and resilience, making it an effective tool for forecasting both short- and long-term environmental changes. The RF model excelled in long-term forecasts, sustaining high R-squared (R²) (0.97) values and low root mean square error (RMSE) (0.18), and the second best one was the XGBoost with optimiser with R² of (0.92) and RMSE of (0.25) with forecasting 1095 days. The results also found that whilst the TFT captured the fluctuations in the short-term, it struggled with the longer-term predictions due to data granularity. The XGBoost model did remarkably well in monthly forecasts up to 12 months, maintaining low RSME. The findings also highlight the necessity of proactive water management techniques to reduce the risk of potential ecological effects, including hypoxia and oxygen depletion. The findings support resource managers in addressing prospective ammonium toxicity concerns such as oxygen depletion and ecological stress.

本研究提供了一种先进的机器学习方法，用于预测伦敦利河的氨（NH4+）含量。利用包括温度、浊度、叶绿素、溶解氧、电导率和 pH 值在内的完整数据集预测了多个时间间隔内的氨浓度。我们的技术利用开发的算法（包括时态融合变换器 (TFT)、随机森林 (RF) 和极梯度提升 (XGBoost) 等）捕捉环境条件与氨浓度之间错综复杂的联系，与重要因素进行对比，从而大大提高了预测的准确性。本研究的新颖之处在于利用 TFT 模型进行多视距预测，该模型通过将卷积成分与注意力机制相结合，为水文预测提供了高准确性和可解释性。这项研究还证明了 TFT 模型在捕捉短期波动的同时保持长期准确性方面的有效性，而这正是环境建模中的一大难题。所使用的模型具有卓越的预测能力，根据日平均值可预测 150 天、200 天、365 天、730 天和 1095 天，根据月平均值可预测 12 个月、24 个月和 30 个月。这种双尺度模型兼具灵活性和弹性，是预测短期和长期环境变化的有效工具。射频模型在长期预测方面表现出色，保持了较高的 R 平方（R²）（0.97）值和较低的均方根误差（RMSE）（0.18），其次是带有优化器的 XGBoost 模型，其 R2 值为 0.92，均方根误差为 0.25，预测天数为 1095 天。结果还发现，虽然 TFT 模型捕捉到了短期波动，但由于数据粒度的原因，它在长期预测方面显得力不从心。XGBoost 模型在长达 12 个月的月度预测中表现出色，保持了较低的 RSME。研究结果还强调，必须采用积极的水资源管理技术来降低潜在的生态影响风险，包括缺氧和氧气耗尽。研究结果有助于资源管理人员解决氨毒性的潜在问题，如氧气耗竭和生态压力。

{"title":"Long-term AI prediction of ammonium levels in rivers using transformer and ensemble models","authors":"Ali J. Ali, Ashraf A. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a cutting-edge machine learning approach to forecast ammonium (<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>NH</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>) levels in River Lee London. Ammonium concentrations were predicted over several time intervals using a complete dataset that includes temperature, turbidity, chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and pH. Our technique captures the intricate connections between environmental conditions and ammonium concentrations using developed algorithms, including Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT), Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) levels versus the important factors, considerably improving prediction accuracy. The novel aspect of this study is the utilisation of the TFT model for multi-horizon forecasting, which offers high accuracy and interpretability in hydrological predictions by combining convolutional components with an attention mechanism. The study also demonstrates the effectiveness of the TFT model in capturing short-term fluctuations while retaining accuracy over long time periods, which is a major difficulty in environmental modelling. The models used, have exceptional forecasting skills, predicting 150, 200, 365, 730, and 1095 days based on daily average and 12, 24 and 30 months based on monthly average. This dual-scale model combines flexibility and resilience, making it an effective tool for forecasting both short- and long-term environmental changes. The RF model excelled in long-term forecasts, sustaining high R-squared (R²) (0.97) values and low root mean square error (RMSE) (0.18), and the second best one was the XGBoost with optimiser with R<sup>2</sup> of (0.92) and RMSE of (0.25) with forecasting 1095 days. The results also found that whilst the TFT captured the fluctuations in the short-term, it struggled with the longer-term predictions due to data granularity. The XGBoost model did remarkably well in monthly forecasts up to 12 months, maintaining low RSME. The findings also highlight the necessity of proactive water management techniques to reduce the risk of potential ecological effects, including hypoxia and oxygen depletion. The findings support resource managers in addressing prospective ammonium toxicity concerns such as oxygen depletion and ecological stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Groundwater salinization challenges in agriculturally valuable low-lying North Sea region: A review 具有农业价值的低洼北海地区的地下水盐碱化挑战：综述

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100052

Joan Nyika , Daniel Magnone , Iain Gould

Groundwater is an essential freshwater source in the North Sea region (NSR) used in agricultural irrigation, for trade, transport, and tourism in addition to regulating environmental flows. Historical palaeogeographical transformations and human land- and water-use modifications have put the aquifers in the NSR at high risk to groundwater salinization. This review assesses current knowledge on the vulnerability to groundwater salinization in the NSR, threats and mechanisms involved in the process and relates them to the agricultural value of the region, which has not been done previously. Connate salinity, overextraction via groundwater pumping and sea level rise/ climate change driven processes were the main threats to groundwater salinization in the region. Flooding, saline intrusion, irrigation using brackish water and airborne transfer of saline droplets were the main mechanisms propagating salinization. Forty-one studies evaluating on the phenomenon were identified and sixteen of those were from the Netherlands. Numerical modelling using SEAWAT was the commonest method to simulate groundwater salinity. The review highlights the negative influence of groundwater salinization in the NSR agricultural economy and the complexity of the phenomenon, which is controlled by historical landscape changes, human interference through land-use and water-use changes and climate modifications. These complexities were best represented using numerical models and hence, their preference compared to other methods. Numerical modelling is vulnerable to uncertainties in groundwater salinization studies, which can be alleviated through intensified research in underassessed areas using advanced technology and integrated numerical modelling, which incorporates calibration and validation analysis and links subsurface and surface hydrological processes.

地下水是北海地区（NSR）重要的淡水资源，除用于调节环境流量外，还用于农业灌溉、贸易、运输和旅游。历史上的古地理变迁以及人类对土地和水资源利用方式的改变，使北海地区的含水层面临地下水盐碱化的高风险。本综述评估了目前对国家南极研究区地下水盐碱化脆弱性、该过程所涉及的威胁和机制的了解，并将其与该地区的农业价值联系起来，这是以前从未做过的。该地区地下水盐碱化的主要威胁是连带盐度、地下水抽取过度以及海平面上升/气候变化驱动的过程。洪水、盐水入侵、使用咸水灌溉以及盐滴通过空气传播是盐碱化的主要传播机制。对这一现象进行评估的研究有 41 项，其中 16 项来自荷兰。使用 SEAWAT 建立数值模型是模拟地下水盐度的最常用方法。综述强调了地下水盐碱化对 NSR 农业经济的负面影响以及该现象的复杂性，它受历史景观变化、通过土地利用和水利用变化进行的人为干预以及气候改变的控制。与其他方法相比，数值模型最能体现这些复杂性，因此更受青睐。在地下水盐碱化研究中，数值模型容易受到不确定因素的影响，通过利用先进技术和综合数值模型在评估不足的地区加强研究，可以缓解这种不确定因素，综合数值模型包括校准和验证分析，并将地下和地表水文过程联系起来。

{"title":"Groundwater salinization challenges in agriculturally valuable low-lying North Sea region: A review","authors":"Joan Nyika , Daniel Magnone , Iain Gould","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater is an essential freshwater source in the North Sea region (NSR) used in agricultural irrigation, for trade, transport, and tourism in addition to regulating environmental flows. Historical palaeogeographical transformations and human land- and water-use modifications have put the aquifers in the NSR at high risk to groundwater salinization. This review assesses current knowledge on the vulnerability to groundwater salinization in the NSR, threats and mechanisms involved in the process and relates them to the agricultural value of the region, which has not been done previously. Connate salinity, overextraction via groundwater pumping and sea level rise/ climate change driven processes were the main threats to groundwater salinization in the region. Flooding, saline intrusion, irrigation using brackish water and airborne transfer of saline droplets were the main mechanisms propagating salinization. Forty-one studies evaluating on the phenomenon were identified and sixteen of those were from the Netherlands. Numerical modelling using SEAWAT was the commonest method to simulate groundwater salinity. The review highlights the negative influence of groundwater salinization in the NSR agricultural economy and the complexity of the phenomenon, which is controlled by historical landscape changes, human interference through land-use and water-use changes and climate modifications. These complexities were best represented using numerical models and hence, their preference compared to other methods. Numerical modelling is vulnerable to uncertainties in groundwater salinization studies, which can be alleviated through intensified research in underassessed areas using advanced technology and integrated numerical modelling, which incorporates calibration and validation analysis and links subsurface and surface hydrological processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sequential novel use of Moringa oleifera Lam., biochar, and sand to remove turbidity, E. coli, and heavy metals from drinking water 依次使用辣木、生物炭和沙子去除饮用水中的浊度、大肠杆菌和重金属的新方法

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100050

Ahsan Shah , Arun Arjunan , Georgina Manning , Maryam Batool , Julia Zakharova , Alisha J. Hawkins , Fatima Ajani , Ioanna Androulaki , Anusha Thumma

This research investigates the individual and combined use of Moringa oleifera (MO) Lam., biochar, and sand to remove turbidity, pathogens, and heavy metals from drinking water. Contaminated water was synthetically prepared using kaolin, standard nickel/lead solutions, and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The optimal dose of MO seed protein, extracted in 1 M NaCl solution, was determined using a jar test flocculator. MO treatment reduced water turbidity from 200 to 4 NTU and achieved a 1–2 log reduction in E. coli from an initial count of 1×10⁵ CFU/ml. Nevertheless, no significant reduction in nickel and lead concentrations was noted. Subsequently, the MO-treated water was passed through a biochar column supported on a sand bed, revealing clear water with 1 NTU turbidity and no trace of E. coli counts being detected. The sequential process of using biochar and sand reduced nickel and lead by 97.5 % and 99.3 %, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the treated water met WHO and UK standards for safe drinking water. All experiments were performed in duplicates (n=2; P < 0.05). The scalability and economic feasibility of the project, the mechanism of removal of contaminants by MO and biochar, and the study's limitations are also discussed.

本研究调查了单独或联合使用油辣木（Moringa oleifera (MO) Lam.）、生物炭和沙子去除饮用水中的浊度、病原体和重金属的情况。受污染的水是用高岭土、标准镍/铅溶液和大肠杆菌（E. coli）合成制备的。使用罐式试验絮凝器确定了在 1 M NaCl 溶液中提取的 MO 种子蛋白的最佳剂量。经 MO 处理后，水的浑浊度从 200 降至 4 NTU，大肠杆菌从最初的 1×105 CFU/ml 减少了 1-2 log。然而，镍和铅的浓度并没有明显降低。随后，经 MO 处理过的水通过支撑在沙床上的生物炭柱，发现水质清澈，浊度为 1 NTU，未检测到微量大肠杆菌。使用生物炭和沙子的连续过程分别减少了 97.5% 和 99.3% 的镍和铅。处理后水的理化性质符合世界卫生组织和英国的安全饮用水标准。所有实验均重复进行（n=2；P < 0.05）。此外，还讨论了该项目的可扩展性和经济可行性、MO 和生物炭去除污染物的机理以及研究的局限性。

{"title":"Sequential novel use of Moringa oleifera Lam., biochar, and sand to remove turbidity, E. coli, and heavy metals from drinking water","authors":"Ahsan Shah , Arun Arjunan , Georgina Manning , Maryam Batool , Julia Zakharova , Alisha J. Hawkins , Fatima Ajani , Ioanna Androulaki , Anusha Thumma","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the individual and combined use of <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (MO) Lam., biochar, and sand to remove turbidity, pathogens, and heavy metals from drinking water. Contaminated water was synthetically prepared using kaolin, standard nickel/lead solutions, and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>). The optimal dose of MO seed protein, extracted in 1 M NaCl solution, was determined using a jar test flocculator. MO treatment reduced water turbidity from 200 to 4 NTU and achieved a 1–2 log reduction in <em>E. coli</em> from an initial count of 1×10<sup>5</sup> CFU/ml. Nevertheless, no significant reduction in nickel and lead concentrations was noted. Subsequently, the MO-treated water was passed through a biochar column supported on a sand bed, revealing clear water with 1 NTU turbidity and no trace of <em>E. coli</em> counts being detected. The sequential process of using biochar and sand reduced nickel and lead by 97.5 % and 99.3 %, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the treated water met WHO and UK standards for safe drinking water. All experiments were performed in duplicates (n=2; P < 0.05). The scalability and economic feasibility of the project, the mechanism of removal of contaminants by MO and biochar, and the study's limitations are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Waste biomass-based graphene oxide decorated with ternary metal oxide (MnO-NiO-ZnO) composite for adsorption of methylene blue dye 废弃生物质基氧化石墨烯装饰三元金属氧化物（MnO-NiO-ZnO）复合材料用于吸附亚甲基蓝染料

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100049

Priyanka Barooah , Nituraj Mushahary , Bipul Das , Sanjay Basumatary

In this study, a novel approach for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye is effectively illustrated by using biomass based composite adsorbent. The investigation employed areca nut husk (AH) to produce graphene oxide (GO) by a single step calcination method. Thereafter, AH-GO was incorporated by using ternary metal oxide (TMO) via hydrothermal treatment. The developed AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO composite was characterized by various analytical techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, BET surface area and Raman spectroscopy which exhibited promising properties for dye adsorption. To study the adsorption efficiency of prepared composite, optimization experiments were performed for adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration and contact time. The optimized parameters during adsorption phenomenon were found to be 0.5 g/L of dose, 20 mg/L of initial concentration and 180 min of time exhibiting removal efficacy of 93.05 ± 0.93 %. Moreover, adsorption isotherm and kinetic models were analysed to explore the adsorption behaviour of AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO towards MB dye. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies followed Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order (PSO) model respectively. AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO has demonstrated a maximum adsorption capability of 127.06 mg/g. These findings collectively underscore the potential of AH-based adsorbent as a viable, inexpensive, and environment friendly for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with MB dye.

在本研究中，使用基于生物质的复合吸附剂有效地说明了一种去除亚甲基蓝（MB）染料的新方法。该研究利用山苍子壳（AH）通过一步煅烧法生成氧化石墨烯（GO）。随后，通过水热处理，使用三元金属氧化物（TMO）将 AH-GO 融合在一起。所开发的 AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO 复合材料通过各种分析技术进行了表征，包括傅立叶变换红外光谱、XRD、FESEM、HRTEM、BET 表面积和拉曼光谱。为了研究制备的复合材料的吸附效率，对吸附剂剂量、初始染料浓度和接触时间进行了优化实验。结果发现，吸附过程中的优化参数为 0.5 克/升的剂量、20 毫克/升的初始浓度和 180 分钟的接触时间，其去除率为 93.05 ± 0.93 %。此外，还分析了吸附等温线和动力学模型，以探讨 AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO 对 MB 染料的吸附行为。吸附等温线和动力学研究分别遵循 Langmuir 等温线模型和伪二阶（PSO）模型。AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO 的最大吸附能力为 127.06 mg/g。这些发现共同证明了 AH 吸附剂作为一种可行、廉价且环保的吸附剂处理受甲基溴染料污染的废水的潜力。

{"title":"Waste biomass-based graphene oxide decorated with ternary metal oxide (MnO-NiO-ZnO) composite for adsorption of methylene blue dye","authors":"Priyanka Barooah , Nituraj Mushahary , Bipul Das , Sanjay Basumatary","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel approach for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye is effectively illustrated by using biomass based composite adsorbent. The investigation employed areca nut husk (AH) to produce graphene oxide (GO) by a single step calcination method. Thereafter, AH-GO was incorporated by using ternary metal oxide (TMO) via hydrothermal treatment. The developed AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO composite was characterized by various analytical techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, BET surface area and Raman spectroscopy which exhibited promising properties for dye adsorption. To study the adsorption efficiency of prepared composite, optimization experiments were performed for adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration and contact time. The optimized parameters during adsorption phenomenon were found to be 0.5 g/L of dose, 20 mg/L of initial concentration and 180 min of time exhibiting removal efficacy of 93.05 ± 0.93 %. Moreover, adsorption isotherm and kinetic models were analysed to explore the adsorption behaviour of AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO towards MB dye. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies followed Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order (PSO) model respectively. AH-GO@MnO-NiO-ZnO has demonstrated a maximum adsorption capability of 127.06 mg/g. These findings collectively underscore the potential of AH-based adsorbent as a viable, inexpensive, and environment friendly for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with MB dye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of multidrug-resistant enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in river Gomti at Jaunpur city 琼普尔市 Gomti 河中耐多药肠道致病性大肠杆菌 (EPEC) 的流行情况

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100048

Siya Ram , Roshan Lal Gautam , Shweta Singh , Devendra Singh , Ram Naraian , Nahida Arif

The present study investigated the microbial EPEC load exhibiting three distinct marker genes: eaeA, bfp, and stx1 in the river Gomati water across Jaunpur City, India. In order to determine the prevalence of EPEC virulent strains that are multidrug-resistant, eight different public gathering sites on the river were selected from upstream to downstream flow. The highest population of total coliform (5400×10³) and fecal coliforms (3500×10⁷) were subsequently recorded from site #5 (Gopi ghat). A total of 46 EPEC strains were virulent, exhibiting eaeA and bfp genes, while none of them harbored the stx1 gene. All 46 strains contained the eaeA gene (100 %); however, only 11 isolates, as 24.10 %, exhibited bfp virulent genes. Most of the EPEC isolates from all seasons were resistant to more than three different classes of variable drugs and confirmed multidrug resistance. The highest 95.7 % of total isolates (44) exhibited resistance against tetracycline, while the lowest four isolates (8.6 %) against ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, it was evident that the bacterial population load and a load of virulent genes were found to be higher in the samples of the city's significant sites. This confirms the large-scale fecal contamination of water either through nearby animals or anthropogenic activities, which are needed to make proper management.

本研究调查了印度 Jaunpur 市 Gomati 河水中表现出三种不同标记基因（eaeA、bfp 和 stx1）的 EPEC 微生物载量。为了确定具有多重耐药性的 EPEC 毒性菌株的流行情况，从上游到下游选取了河上八个不同的公众聚集点。其中，5 号地点（Gopi ghat）的总大肠菌群（5400×103）和粪大肠菌群（3500×107）最高。共有 46 株 EPEC 毒株含有 eaeA 和 bfp 基因，但没有一株含有 stx1 基因。所有 46 株菌株都含有 eaeA 基因（100%），但只有 11 株（占 24.10%）具有 bfp 毒性基因。所有季节的 EPEC 分离物大多对三种以上不同类别的可变药物具有耐药性，并证实具有多重耐药性。对四环素耐药的分离物占分离物总数的 95.7%（44 个），而对环丙沙星耐药的分离物占分离物总数的 4%（8.6%）。此外，在该市重要地点的样本中，细菌数量和毒性基因数量明显较高。这证实了通过附近的动物或人为活动造成的大规模水体粪便污染，需要进行适当的管理。

{"title":"Prevalence of multidrug-resistant enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in river Gomti at Jaunpur city","authors":"Siya Ram , Roshan Lal Gautam , Shweta Singh , Devendra Singh , Ram Naraian , Nahida Arif","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the microbial EPEC load exhibiting three distinct marker genes: <em>eaeA</em>, <em>bfp,</em> and <em>stx1</em> in the river Gomati water across Jaunpur City, India. In order to determine the prevalence of EPEC virulent strains that are multidrug-resistant, eight different public gathering sites on the river were selected from upstream to downstream flow. The highest population of total coliform (5400×10<sup>3</sup>) and fecal coliforms (3500×10<sup>7</sup>) were subsequently recorded from site #5 (Gopi ghat). A total of 46 EPEC strains were virulent, exhibiting <em>eaeA</em> and <em>bfp</em> genes, while none of them harbored the <em>stx1</em> gene. All 46 strains contained the <em>eaeA</em> gene (100 %); however, only 11 isolates, as 24.10 %, exhibited <em>bfp</em> virulent genes. Most of the EPEC isolates from all seasons were resistant to more than three different classes of variable drugs and confirmed multidrug resistance. The highest 95.7 % of total isolates (44) exhibited resistance against tetracycline, while the lowest four isolates (8.6 %) against ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, it was evident that the bacterial population load and a load of virulent genes were found to be higher in the samples of the city's significant sites. This confirms the large-scale fecal contamination of water either through nearby animals or anthropogenic activities, which are needed to make proper management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing mathematical discrepancies in the adsorption model of Hashem et al. (2024): A technical commentary 解决 Hashem 等人（2024 年）的吸附模型中存在的数学差异：技术评论

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100045

Guilherme Malafaia

This letter provides a critical technical analysis of the application of the Freundlich isotherm in the study by Hashem et al. (2024), entitled "Chromium adsorption capacity from tannery wastewater on thermally activated adsorbent derived from kitchen waste biomass." While the study presents an innovative approach by utilizing pumpkin peel as an adsorbent for chromium removal, a critical issue was identified in the formulation and application of the Freundlich isotherm. The authors presented an incorrect mathematical modification of the isotherm, which significantly impacts the validity of the adsorption parameters derived, such as KF and 1/n, and ultimately affects the conclusions drawn about the system's adsorption capacity. Additionally, the assertion that the adsorption process can continue indefinitely is fundamentally flawed based on the principles of adsorption thermodynamics. This letter aims to rectify these discrepancies by revisiting the correct formulation of the Freundlich isotherm and highlighting the importance of accurate mathematical modeling in ensuring scientifically sound and replicable results. Despite these issues, the study remains a valuable contribution to the field, and the suggested revisions would further strengthen its impact.

本信对 Hashem 等人（2024 年）题为 "从厨房垃圾生物质中提取的热激活吸附剂对制革废水中铬的吸附能力 "的研究中 Freundlich 等温线的应用进行了重要的技术分析。该研究提出了一种利用南瓜皮作为吸附剂去除铬的创新方法，但在 Freundlich 等温线的制定和应用中发现了一个关键问题。作者对等温线进行了错误的数学修正，这严重影响了得出的吸附参数（如 KF 和 1/n）的有效性，并最终影响了对系统吸附能力得出的结论。此外，根据吸附热力学原理，吸附过程可以无限期持续下去的说法也存在根本性的错误。这封信旨在通过重新审视 Freundlich 等温线的正确表述来纠正这些差异，并强调准确的数学建模对于确保科学合理和可复制结果的重要性。尽管存在这些问题，该研究仍然是对该领域的宝贵贡献，建议的修订将进一步加强其影响力。

{"title":"Addressing mathematical discrepancies in the adsorption model of Hashem et al. (2024): A technical commentary","authors":"Guilherme Malafaia","doi":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This letter provides a critical technical analysis of the application of the Freundlich isotherm in the study by Hashem et al. (2024), entitled \"Chromium adsorption capacity from tannery wastewater on thermally activated adsorbent derived from kitchen waste biomass.\" While the study presents an innovative approach by utilizing pumpkin peel as an adsorbent for chromium removal, a critical issue was identified in the formulation and application of the Freundlich isotherm. The authors presented an incorrect mathematical modification of the isotherm, which significantly impacts the validity of the adsorption parameters derived, such as KF and 1/n, and ultimately affects the conclusions drawn about the system's adsorption capacity. Additionally, the assertion that the adsorption process can continue indefinitely is fundamentally flawed based on the principles of adsorption thermodynamics. This letter aims to rectify these discrepancies by revisiting the correct formulation of the Freundlich isotherm and highlighting the importance of accurate mathematical modeling in ensuring scientifically sound and replicable results. Despite these issues, the study remains a valuable contribution to the field, and the suggested revisions would further strengthen its impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100257,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Water","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0