Cleaner Water最新文献

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Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

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Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Green yet constrained: Reassessing Moringa oleifera's role in drinking water and wastewater treatment 绿色但受限：重新评估辣木在饮用水和废水处理中的作用

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100202

Ahsan Shah , Arun Arjunan , Maryam Batool , Oduoza Chike , Aman Dhir , Abul Arafat , Georgina Manning , Julia Zakharova , Nadir Abbas , Muhammad Taqi Mehran , Rimsha Rubab , Mubashir Husnain

A comparative bibliometric analysis using Web of Science and Scopus reveals a growing research shift from alum to Moringa oleifera (MO) as a green coagulant for decentralised water treatment. The coagulation efficacy of MO is attributed to its high molecular weight cationic seed proteins, rich in amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amide groups, which destabilise colloids via adsorption and charge neutralisation. Extraction in saline medium (0.5–1.5 M NaCl) enhances protein solubility and coagulation, achieving > 90 % turbidity reductions and 1–3 log removal of E. coli and coliforms at doses 50–300 mg L⁻¹ for drinking water and 400–4000 mg L⁻¹ for wastewaters. Optimal coagulation requires rapid mixing (∼130 rpm, 2 min) followed by slow stirring (∼30–40 rpm, 15–40 min) to promote floc growth. Compared to alum, MO generates 3–5 times less sludge, with potential for residue reuse as fertiliser. This review aims to address existing knowledge gaps by consolidating available studies and identifying the conditions under which MO is most effective, as well as the limitations that may hinder its sustainable application. The paper offers a novel synthesis by integrating case studies with sustainability assessments, providing one of the few comprehensive evaluations of MO’s performance across both drinking water and wastewater treatment contexts. Our findings indicate that while MO is a viable, low-cost option for household-scale drinking water treatment, its slower coagulation kinetics (1–2 h) and high dosage requirements restrict its suitability for treating highly contaminated wastewaters. In addition, MO is ineffective at turbidity levels below 10 NTU and exhibits limited removal of organics and heavy metals. Because MO is an organic coagulant, its use may increase BOD, COD, and TOC, and interactions with chlorine can lead to the formation of carcinogenic trihalomethanes. Future research should focus on elucidating toxicological implications, optimising treatment processes, and assessing commercial scalability to support the responsible and sustainable use of MO in water treatment systems.

一项使用Web of Science和Scopus的比较文献计量分析显示，越来越多的研究将明矾作为分散式水处理的绿色混凝剂转向辣木（Moringa oleifera， MO）。MO的凝血效果归功于其高分子量的阳离子种子蛋白，富含氨基、羟基、羧基和酰胺基团，通过吸附和电荷中和使胶体不稳定。在盐水培养基（0.5-1.5 M NaCl）中提取可以提高蛋白质的溶解度和凝固性，在50-300 mg L -⁻¹ 用于饮用水和400-4000 mg L -⁻¹ 用于废水时，可以实现>； 90 %的浊度降低和1-3 log的大肠杆菌和大肠菌群去除。最佳混凝需要快速混合（~ 130 rpm, 2 min），然后缓慢搅拌（~ 30-40 rpm, 15-40 min），以促进絮凝体生长。与明矾相比，氧化莫灰产生的污泥少3-5倍，残渣有可能作为肥料再利用。本检讨的目的是通过整合现有的研究和确定MO最有效的条件，以及可能阻碍其可持续应用的限制，解决现有的知识差距。本文通过将案例研究与可持续性评估相结合，提供了一种新颖的综合方法，为饮用水和废水处理环境下的MO绩效提供了为数不多的综合评估之一。我们的研究结果表明，虽然MO是一种可行的、低成本的家庭饮用水处理选择，但其较慢的混凝动力学（1-2 h）和高剂量要求限制了其处理高污染废水的适用性。此外，MO在浊度低于10 NTU时是无效的，并且对有机物和重金属的去除有限。由于MO是一种有机混凝剂，它的使用可能会增加BOD、COD和TOC，并且与氯的相互作用会导致致癌的三卤甲烷的形成。未来的研究应侧重于阐明毒理学影响、优化处理过程和评估商业可扩展性，以支持水处理系统中MO的负责任和可持续使用。

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引用次数: 0

Geogenic controls on groundwater chemistry and drinking water quality index (DWQI) evaluation in semi-arid Mahendragarh district, Haryana 哈里亚纳邦半干旱Mahendragarh地区地下水化学及饮用水水质指数（DWQI）评价的地质控制因素

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100201

Baru Ram , Naresh Kumar , Vidya Nand Negi , Priyanka Singh , Ankush Sagwal , Ayush Kesharwani

Groundwater quality assessment in semi-arid regions remains understudied despite growing dependence on limited subsurface resources and increasing salinization risks. In Mahendergarh district, Haryana an area along the Aravalli ranges with scarce surface water availability systematic evaluations integrating geochemical analysis and GIS-based spatial modelling are lacking. This study addresses this gap by assessing the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes using the Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI). Sixteen physicochemical parameters were analysed, and results revealed that only 3.84 % of samples fell within the excellent category, 50 % good, 30.76 % poor, 11.53 % very poor, and 3.84 % unsuitable for drinking. The deterioration of groundwater quality in poor to unsuitable categories was primarily due to high salinity, posing potential health risks if consumed without treatment. Gibbs plots indicate dominant rock–water interaction with clear evaporative enrichment in high TDS zones. Piper facies mainly fall under mixed Ca–Mg–HCO₃⁻ and Na–Cl types, reflecting complex lithological controls and evaporative concentration. Hydrogeochemical interpretation reveals that silicate weathering, evaporite dissolution, carbonate weathering, fracture zones, and mineralogical influences are the principal processes influencing the groundwater chemistry of the study area. Health-risk implications highlight fluoride toxicity, salinity hazards, and nitrate related risks. This first comprehensive DWQI-based assessment supported by GIS mapping provides critical insights for continuous monitoring and region-specific management strategies to ensure safe and sustainable drinking water supply.

尽管对有限地下资源的依赖日益增加，盐渍化风险日益增加，但半干旱区地下水质量评价研究仍然不足。在哈里亚纳邦沿Aravalli山脉的Mahendergarh地区，缺乏地表水可用性稀缺的系统评估，缺乏将地球化学分析和基于gis的空间建模相结合的系统评估。本研究通过使用饮用水质量指数（DWQI）评估地下水的饮用适宜性来解决这一差距。对16个理化参数进行了分析，结果表明，只有3.84 %的样品属于优等，50 %为良好，30.76 %为差，11.53 %为极差，3.84 %不适合饮用。水质较差或不适宜的地下水水质恶化的主要原因是含盐量高，如果不加处理就饮用，可能对健康构成威胁。Gibbs图显示，在高TDS带，岩石-水相互作用占主导地位，蒸发富集明显。Piper相主要为Ca-Mg-HCO₃⁻和Na-Cl混合型，反映了复杂的岩性控制和蒸发浓度。水文地球化学解释表明，硅酸盐风化、蒸发岩溶蚀、碳酸盐风化、裂缝带和矿物学影响是影响研究区地下水化学的主要过程。健康风险影响强调氟化物毒性、盐度危害和硝酸盐相关风险。这是第一次基于dwqi的综合评估，由GIS制图支持，为持续监测和特定区域管理战略提供了重要见解，以确保安全和可持续的饮用水供应。

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Assessment of lake surface water dynamics in selected Ethiopian lakes using geospatial techniques 利用地理空间技术评估选定的埃塞俄比亚湖泊的湖泊地表水动态

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100200

Alazer Bergene Bante , Kanenus Fufa Dararo , Tesfaye Dagne Diriba , Natnael Ketema Taddesse , Bayisa Negasa Wolteji , Indale Niguse Dejene

Lake water-level fluctuations, driven by climate change and human activities, threaten freshwater ecosystems globally, particularly in tropical regions. Ethiopia, home to 46 lakes, faces alarming declines in lake surface water area, endangering biodiversity and water security. This study assesses water-level changes in Ethiopian lakes from 1992 to 2022 using Landsat imagery and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) on Google Earth Engine. A NDWI 0.3-threshold classified water features, revealing severe declines in seven lakes: Lake Haramaya experienced a 46.1 % reduction in surface water area, Abijata (59.7 %), Chelekleka (73.4 %), Ziway (12.2 %), Shalla (2.6 %), Chamo (11.5 %), and Tana (8.5 %). Geospatial analysis highlights unsustainable water use and climate impacts as key drivers. Urgent conservation measures, including improved resource management and policy interventions, are recommended to mitigate further degradation. This research underscores the vulnerability of Ethiopian lakes and demonstrates the utility of remote sensing for monitoring hydrological changes in data-scarce regions.

气候变化和人类活动造成的湖泊水位波动威胁着全球的淡水生态系统，特别是在热带地区。拥有46个湖泊的埃塞俄比亚，面临着湖泊表水面积惊人的下降，危及生物多样性和水安全。本研究利用陆地卫星图像和谷歌Earth Engine上的归一化差水指数（NDWI）评估了1992年至2022年埃塞俄比亚湖泊的水位变化。NDWI 0.3阈值对水体特征进行了分类，揭示了七个湖泊的严重下降：哈拉玛亚湖的地表水面积减少了46.1% %,Abijata(59.7% %),Chelekleka(73.4 %),Ziway(12.2 %),Shalla(2.6 %),Chamo（11.5 %）和Tana（8.5 %）。地理空间分析强调，不可持续的水资源利用和气候影响是主要驱动因素。建议采取紧急保护措施，包括改进资源管理和政策干预，以减轻进一步的退化。这项研究强调了埃塞俄比亚湖泊的脆弱性，并证明了遥感在数据稀缺地区监测水文变化的效用。

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