Cleaner Water最新文献

英文中文

In-situ synthesis of goethite-modified-Albizia lebbeck for sequestration of Zn2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous environments: Equilibrium, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies 原位合成针铁矿修饰的刺槐对水中环境中Zn2+和Pb2+的吸附：平衡、等温线和热力学研究

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100190

Alimoh Helen Alabi , Adewumi Comfort Adegoroye , Felicia Olubunmi Tella , Clement A. Olanrewaju , Chukwunonyelu Ebenezer Nnadozie , Lukman Shehu Mustapha , Peter Olusakin Oladoye , Kehinde Shola Obayomi

Herein, we incoporated goethite on Albizia lebbeck pod via the in-situ coprecipitation method for an enhanced adsorption of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ from aqueous environments. The microstructure, crystallinity, chemical state, textural properties, surface chemistry, and thermal stability of the unmodified (UNALB) and modified Albizia lebbeck (GMALB) materials were examine using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) The FTIR spectra and BET measurement of GMALB demonstrated the presence of additional functional groups including Fe-OH, and Fe-O with enhanced BET surface area of 28.762 m²/g, confirming that the modification was accomplished successfully. The incorporation of goethite enhanced the surface potential of the UNALB, offering more adsorption sites for Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ removal. The adsorption data of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ by UNALB and GMALB were better explained by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, suggesting that the adsorption process is predominance of chemisorption on homogeneous surfaces. The maximum adsorption capacities of UNALB and GMALB were 10.24 and 66.99 mg/g for Zn²⁺ and 16.07 and 83.33 mg/g, outperforming that of numerous adsorbents previously reported. The adsorption thermodynamic examination revealed that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous and exothermic in character. These results underscore the potential of an effective and sustainable goethite-modified Albizia lebbeck for an heavy metals removal from an aqueous environment.

本研究通过原位共沉淀法将针铁矿掺入小檗荚果中，以增强对水中环境中Zn2+和Pb2+的吸附。采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等研究了未改性（UNALB）和改性（GMALB）材料的微观结构、结晶度、化学状态、结构性能、表面化学和热稳定性。FTIR光谱和BET测量结果表明，GMALB添加了Fe-OH和Fe-O等官能团，BET表面积提高到28.762 m²/g，证实改性成功完成。针铁矿的掺入增强了UNALB的表面电位，为Zn 2 +和Pb 2 +的去除提供了更多的吸附位点。UNALB和GMALB对Zn 2 +和Pb 2 +的吸附数据可以用Langmuir等温线和拟二级动力学模型更好地解释，表明吸附过程以均匀表面的化学吸附为主。UNALB和GMALB对Zn2+的最大吸附量分别为10.24和66.99 mg/g， 16.07和83.33 mg/g，优于以往报道的众多吸附剂。吸附热力学测试表明，吸附反应是自发的、放热的。这些结果强调了一种有效和可持续的针铁矿修饰的Albizia lebbeck在水环境中去除重金属的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

AI-based wastewater treatment for a circular economy and sustainable management of PFAS, heavy metals, microplastics, and antibiotics 基于人工智能的废水处理，用于循环经济和PFAS、重金属、微塑料和抗生素的可持续管理

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100189

Rahini Parsoya , Bhawna Bisht , Mikhail S. Vlaskin , Krishna Kumar Jaiswal , P.K. Chauhan , Manoj K. Tripathi , Anna Kurbatova , Vishal Rajput , Vinod Kumar

Wastewater treatment plays a vital role for safeguarding public health, protecting ecosystems, and ensuring long-term water security. However, rapid urbanization, industrial growth, and rising water demand are exposing the limitations of conventional treatment systems, which often require high operational costs and struggle to maintain efficiency. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), supported by practical case studies, offers a transformative pathway for addressing these challenges. Advanced AI algorithms, including machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL) models such as artificial neural networks (ANNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), fuzzy neural networks (FNNs), and hybrid frameworks demonstrate high predictive accuracy (R² >0.99) in anomaly detection, process modelling, optimization, and automated control, enabling efficient management of the complex and non-linear behaviour of wastewater systems. These capabilities are especially valuable for tackling emerging contaminants such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), microplastics, heavy metals, and antibiotics, contributing to reduced operational costs, enhanced treatment performance. This manuscript aims to critically evaluate the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in addressing the limitations of conventional wastewater treatment systems.

废水处理在保障公众健康、保护生态系统和确保长期水安全方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，快速的城市化、工业增长和不断增长的用水需求暴露了传统处理系统的局限性，这些系统通常需要高昂的运营成本，并且难以保持效率。在实际案例研究的支持下，人工智能（AI）的整合为应对这些挑战提供了一条变革性的途径。先进的人工智能算法，包括机器学习（ML）、深度学习（DL）模型，如人工神经网络（ann）、循环神经网络（rnn）、模糊神经网络（fnn）和混合框架，在异常检测、过程建模、优化和自动控制方面表现出很高的预测精度（R²>0.99），能够有效管理废水系统的复杂和非线性行为。这些能力对于处理全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）、微塑料、重金属和抗生素等新兴污染物尤其有价值，有助于降低运营成本，提高处理性能。本文旨在批判性地评估人工智能（AI）在解决传统废水处理系统局限性方面的变革潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Sorption of carbamazepine and naproxen in fixed-bed columns with HDTMA-modified zeolite hdtma修饰沸石在固定床柱上吸附卡马西平和萘普生

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100187

María Eugenia Becerril Ortiz , Jorge Javier Ramirez García , Armando Ramírez Serrano

This study evaluated the sorption performance of HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite in fixed-bed columns for naproxen (NPX) and carbamazepine (CBZ) removal. Surface characterization (FTIR, SEM/EDS) confirmed surfactant anchoring and the formation of hydrophobic domains. Under optimal conditions (bed height = 15 cm, flow = 0.5 mL min⁻¹), 95 % NPX and 36 % CBZ removal were achieved, while a 1:2 NPX:CBZ mixture exhibited a cooperative π–π interaction enhancing CBZ removal up to 82 %. Breakthrough data were fitted to Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and Bohart–Adams models, showing high correlation (R² > 0.95). The process required less than 0.1 kWh m⁻³ , demonstrating low energy demand and carbon footprint compared with advanced oxidation processes. These findings highlight the potential of HDTMA-zeolite as an affordable and sustainable adsorbent for continuous pharmaceutical removal.

研究了hdtma改性斜沸石在固定床柱上对萘普生（NPX）和卡马西平（CBZ）的吸附性能。表面表征（FTIR, SEM/EDS）证实了表面活性剂的锚定和疏水结构域的形成。在最佳条件下（床高= 15 cm，流量= 0.5 mL min⁻¹），NPX去除率达到95 %，CBZ去除率达到36 %，而1:2的NPX:CBZ混合物表现出π -π相互作用，CBZ去除率达到82 %。突破数据拟合Thomas、Yoon-Nelson和Bohart-Adams模型，显示出高相关性（R²> 0.95）。该工艺所需的能量小于0.1 kWh m（⁻³ ），与高级氧化工艺相比，能耗低，碳足迹少。这些发现突出了hdtma -沸石作为一种经济实惠且可持续的连续药物去除吸附剂的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Erratum regarding previously published two articles [Cleaner Water, Volume 1(2024)] 关于先前发表的两篇文章的勘误[更清洁的水，第1卷（2024）]

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100123

引用次数: 0

Dual application of Azolla- and Wolffia-based floating constructed wetland in sewage treatment and phytomass production under the circular economy model 循环经济模式下以杜鹃和枸杞为基质的浮式人工湿地在污水处理和植物质的双重应用

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100186

Ashita Pawaiya, Surindra Suthar

There is growing concern over developing a low-cost and energy-efficient on-site wastewater treatment system with multiple benefits. In this regard, floating construction wetlands (FCWs) could serve as a sustainable solution. This study assesses the suitability of FCWs planted with Wolffia and Azolla sp. for treating domestic sewage within a meso-scale treatment setup. Sewage was introduced into these setups, and changes in wastewater characteristics (pH, nitrate N, NO₃^--N; ammonium N, NH₄⁺-N, phosphate, PO₄⁻³; sulphate, SO₄⁻²; chemical oxygen demand, COD; and biochemical oxygen demand, BOD) were examined after each 7-day interval until 28 -day period. Results revealed a significant (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) reduction (%) in COD (70.49 – 81.04), BOD (85.45 – 89.09), NH₄⁺-N (80.41 – 86.56), NO₃^--N (83.53 – 91.18), PO₄⁻³ (79.54 – 82.08), and SO₄⁻² (77.16 – 83.96). Overall, Wolffia-based systems exhibited high nutrient removals, while the Azolla-based setup showed efficient COD reduction. These differences are attributed to variations in frond morphology, root zone structures, surface area, and metabolic traits of the wetland plants studied. The mechanisms likely involved in sewage treatment by these FCWs include plant uptake, nitrification-denitrification, sedimentation, adsorption, and precipitation. No toxic effect of sewage on the photopigments of the studied species was observed in the current investigation. Harvested phytomass displayed high content of protein (35.10 – 52.40 % DM), total carbohydrates (31.12 – 35.80 % DM), and lipids (5.88 – 6.45 % DM), along with other valuable plant nutrients such as organic C, total N (TN), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mg, Cu, and Ca). These findings suggest its potential use as a feedstock for various industrial applications within a waste-to-wealth approach. In conclusion, FCWs can be effectively utilized for a dual purpose: low-cost wastewater treatment and phytomass cultivation for other industrial uses. Future research could explore the impact of toxic chemicals and seasonal variations on the performance of Wolffia and Azolla in FCWs.

人们越来越关注开发一种低成本和节能的现场污水处理系统，具有多种效益。在这方面，浮动建筑湿地（FCWs）可以作为可持续的解决方案。本研究评估了在中尺度处理装置中种植Wolffia和Azolla属植物的FCWs处理生活污水的适用性。将污水引入这些装置，并在每隔7天至28天的间隔后检测废水特性(pH、硝酸盐N、NO3—N、铵态氮、NH4+-N、磷酸盐、PO4−3、硫酸盐、SO4−2、化学需氧量（COD）和生化需氧量（BOD）的变化。结果显示，COD（70.49 ~ 81.04）、BOD（85.45 ~ 89.09）、NH4+-N（80.41 ~ 86.56）、NO3—N（83.53 ~ 91.18）、PO4−3（79.54 ~ 82.08）、SO4−2（77.16 ~ 83.96）显著降低（p <； 0.05,p <； 0.001）（%）。总体而言，基于wolffia的系统显示出较高的营养去除率，而基于azolla的系统显示出有效的COD降低率。这些差异归因于所研究湿地植物的叶片形态、根区结构、表面积和代谢性状的差异。这些FCWs处理污水可能涉及的机制包括植物吸收、硝化-反硝化、沉淀、吸附和沉淀。本研究未发现污水对所研究物种的光色素有毒性作用。收获的植物质量显示出高含量的蛋白质（35.10 - 52.40 % DM）、总碳水化合物（31.12 - 35.80 % DM）和脂质（5.88 - 6.45 % DM），以及其他有价值的植物营养物质，如有机C、全N （TN）、磷(P)、钾(K)和微量元素（铁、锌、镁、铜和钙）。这些发现表明，在废物转化为财富的方法中，它可能作为各种工业应用的原料。总之，FCWs可以有效地用于双重目的：低成本的废水处理和用于其他工业用途的植物质培养。未来的研究将进一步探讨有毒化学物质和季节变化对狼尾草和杜鹃生长性能的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Sewage sludge as a sustainable fertilizer: Promise, pitfalls, and future directions 污水污泥作为可持续肥料：前景、缺陷和未来方向

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100185

Acharya Balkrishna , Ashwani Kumar , Pooja Goswami , Vedpriya Arya , Amita Kumari , Shalini Singh , Naveen Thakur , Ryszard Amarowicz

Sewage sludge (SS) management and its application as a low-cost fertilizer remain a topic of debate among researchers due to its potential to contain microbial pathogens and pollutants. In this context, the composition of SS and its contemporary management practices are reviewed. Furthermore, the sustainable application of SS in agriculture and the effects of its components on human health are outlined. Several studies have found that using SS as a fertilizer reduces farmers’ agrochemical expenses. Despite its rich source of nutrients for crops and its practical agricultural applications in the United States, India, Europe, Australia, and various regions of the world, pathogens and pollutants limit its sustainable use. A wide diversity of pathogens, including bacterial strains (Salmonella Typhi, Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pylori), protozoan parasites (Entamoeba histolytica, Toxoplasma gondii), and viruses (rotavirus, norovirus, hepatitis A and E) exist in SS. On the other hand, antibiotic-resistant genes pose a significant threat and can increase the global burden of disease if they are introduced into soil. Additionally, microplastics (MPs), nanoplastics, and heavy metals (such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium, mercury, and lead) can be detrimental to human health, affecting the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and other systems. Concerns about the toxicity of MPs and nano-plastics have been increasing; however, the investigations are limited. It is crucial to emphasize the need for innovative techniques for pathogen removal and pollutant remediation, as this serves as a call to action for the scientific community to transform SS from waste into a valuable resource.

污水污泥（SS）的管理及其作为低成本肥料的应用一直是研究人员争论的话题，因为它可能含有微生物病原体和污染物。在这种情况下，SS的组成和它的当代管理实践进行了审查。此外，概述了SS在农业中的可持续应用及其成分对人类健康的影响。一些研究发现，使用SS作为肥料可以减少农民的农用化学品费用。尽管它为农作物提供了丰富的营养来源，并在美国、印度、欧洲、澳大利亚和世界各地区得到了实际的农业应用，但病原体和污染物限制了它的可持续利用。土壤中存在多种多样的病原体，包括细菌菌株（伤寒沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、幽门螺杆菌）、原生动物寄生虫（溶组织内阿米巴原虫、刚地弓形虫）和病毒（轮状病毒、诺如病毒、甲型肝炎和戊型肝炎）。另一方面，耐抗生素基因构成重大威胁，如果它们被引入土壤，可能会增加全球疾病负担。此外，微塑料（MPs）、纳米塑料和重金属（如镉、砷、铬、汞和铅）可能对人体健康有害，影响胃肠道、呼吸系统和其他系统。对MPs和纳米塑料的毒性的关注一直在增加；然而，调查是有限的。强调对病原体去除和污染物修复的创新技术的需求是至关重要的，因为这是科学界将SS从废物转化为宝贵资源的行动呼吁。

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引用次数: 0

Erratum regarding previously published articles 关于以前发表的文章的勘误

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100106

引用次数: 0

First assessment of occurrence, characteristics and human exposure of microplastics in bottled drinking water, Nepal 首次评估瓶装饮用水中微塑料的发生、特征和人类暴露，尼泊尔

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100184

Manisha Ghimire , Naina Byanjankar , Jharana Khanal , Smrita Acharya , Kirsten Nicholson , Shilpa Shakya , Tista Prasai Joshi

The global increase in plastic consumption has resulted in widespread environmental contamination, yet data on microplastic (MPs) in drinking water from developing regions remain inadequate. This study presents the first comprehensive assessment of MPs in bottled drinking water across Nepal’s mountain, hill, and Terai regions with its exposure assessment. A total of 35 samples (1 L each, in triplicate) were examined using a stereomicroscopy for visual enumeration and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for polymer identification. MPs were detected in all samples; totaling 4136 items (mean 118.17 ± 64.31 items/L). Fiber-shaped MPs dominated (71.76 %), followed by fragments (26.03 %) and films (2.87%), with transparent particles being most common. Particles ≃10 μm were most prevalent (44.82 %), and none exceeded 1 mm. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE), were dominant polymers, suggesting that MP contamination likely arises from both airborne or textile derived fibers introduced during bottling and handling, as well as mechanical abrasion of packaging materials. Estimated daily intake values were highest for adult women (10.53 ± 3.16 items/kg/day) and adult men (8.62 ± 2.59 items/kg/day), suggesting potential chronic exposure through bottled water consumption. These findings provide a baseline for understanding microplastic exposure in Nepal and underscore the need for standardized monitoring, improved bottling hygiene, and inclusion of MPs in national drinking water quality assessments. Future research should evaluate toxicological risks and explore mitigation strategies targeting both environmental and packaging related sources to reduce human exposures.

全球塑料消费的增加导致了广泛的环境污染，但发展中地区饮用水中微塑料（MPs）的数据仍然不足。本研究首次对尼泊尔山区、丘陵和特莱地区瓶装饮用水中的多聚物进行了全面评估，并进行了暴露评估。采用体视显微镜目视计数和衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）鉴定聚合物，共检测35份样品（每份1 L， 3份）。所有样品均检测到MPs；共4136项（平均118.17 ± 64.31项/L）。纤维状MPs占主导地位（71.76 %），其次是碎片（26.03 %）和薄膜（2.87%），透明颗粒最为常见。粒子最多（44.82 %），没有一个粒子超过1 mm。聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚乙烯（PE）是主要的聚合物，这表明MP污染可能来自装瓶和处理过程中引入的空气或纺织衍生纤维，以及包装材料的机械磨损。成年女性（10.53 ± 3.16品/kg/天）和成年男性（8.62 ± 2.59品/kg/天）的估计每日摄取量最高，表明可能通过饮用瓶装水慢性暴露。这些发现为了解尼泊尔的微塑料暴露提供了基线，并强调了标准化监测、改善装瓶卫生和将微塑料纳入国家饮用水质量评估的必要性。未来的研究应评估毒理学风险，并探索针对环境和包装相关来源的缓解战略，以减少人类接触。

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引用次数: 0

Erratum to “Large-scale preparation of N-doped microporous-dominated carbon-based adsorbents for efficient removal of Chromium(VI): The synergistic effect of different nitrogen configurations” [Clean. Water 1 (2024) 100013] 对“大规模制备氮掺杂微孔为主的碳基吸附剂以高效去除铬（VI）：不同氮构型的协同效应”的更正[清洁]。水1 (2024)100013]

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100133

Qing Zhang , Tao Wang , Yujie He , Shengpeng Zuo , Zhongjing Zhao , Lu Zhang

引用次数: 0

Publisher’s note to “Cleaner waters ahead: Evaluating safe limits of rare earth elements (REEs) in Australian and global policies amid environmental interactions” [Cleaner Water 3 (2025) 100072] 出版商对“未来更清洁的水域：评估澳大利亚稀土元素（ree）的安全限制和环境相互作用中的全球政策”的说明[更清洁的水3 (2025)100072]

Cleaner Water

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwat.2025.100121

Swaminathan Palanisami , Divya Sankaranarayanan , Bing Jie Ni

引用次数: 0

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