首页 > 最新文献

Chemical record最新文献

英文 中文
Fundamental and Practical Aspects of Break-In/Conditioning of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 质子交换膜燃料电池磨合/调节的基础和实践方面。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400114
Mitja Kostelec, Matija Gatalo, Nejc Hodnik

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have proven to be a promising power source for various applications ranging from portable devices to automotive and stationary power systems. The production of PEMFC involves numerous stages in the value chain, with each stage presenting unique challenges and opportunities to improve the overall performance and durability of the PEMFC stack. These include steps such as manufacturing the key components such as the platinum-based catalyst, processing these components into the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), and stacking the MEAs to ultimately produce a PEMFC stack. However, it is also known that the break-in or conditioning phase of the stack plays a crucial role in the final performance as well as durability. It involves several key phenomena such as hydration of the membrane, swelling of the ionomer, redistribution of the catalyst and the creation of suitable electrochemical interfaces – establishment of the triple phase boundary. These improve the proton conductivity, the mass transport of reactants and products, the catalytic activity of the electrode and thus the overall efficiency of the FC. The cruciality of break-in is demonstrated by the improvement in performance, which can even be over 50 % compared to the initial state. The state-of-the-art approach for the break-in of MEAs involves an electrochemical protocol, such as voltage cycling, using a PEMFC testing station. This method is time-consuming, equipment-intensive, and costly. Therefore, new, elegant, and cost-effective solutions are needed. Nevertheless, the primary aim is to achieve maximum/optimal performance so that it is fully operational and ready for the market. It is therefore essential to better understand and deconvolute these complex mechanisms taking place during break-in/conditioning. Strategies include controlled humidity and temperature cycling, novel electrode materials and other advanced break-in methods such as air braking, vacuum activation or steaming. In addition, it is critical to address the challenges associated with standardisation and quantification of protocols to enable interlaboratory comparisons to further advance the field.

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)已被证明是一种前景广阔的动力源,适用于从便携式设备到汽车和固定动力系统等各种应用领域。质子交换膜燃料电池的生产涉及价值链中的多个阶段,每个阶段都为提高质子交换膜燃料电池堆的整体性能和耐用性带来了独特的挑战和机遇。这些步骤包括制造铂基催化剂等关键部件、将这些部件加工成膜电极组件(MEA)以及堆叠 MEA 以最终生产出 PEMFC 堆。然而,众所周知,堆栈的磨合或调节阶段对最终性能和耐用性起着至关重要的作用。这涉及几个关键现象,如膜的水化、离子聚合物的膨胀、催化剂的重新分布以及合适的电化学界面的形成--三相边界的建立。这些现象改善了质子传导性、反应物和产物的质量传输、电极的催化活性,从而提高了 FC 的整体效率。性能的改善证明了磨合的重要性,与初始状态相比,性能改善甚至可以超过 50%。最先进的 MEA 磨合方法涉及电化学协议,例如使用 PEMFC 测试站进行电压循环。这种方法耗时长、设备密集、成本高昂。因此,我们需要新的、优雅的和具有成本效益的解决方案。然而,首要目标是实现最高/最优性能,使其能够完全投入使用,并随时准备投放市场。因此,必须更好地理解和破解磨合/调节过程中发生的这些复杂机制。策略包括控制湿度和温度循环、新型电极材料和其他先进的磨合方法,如空气制动、真空激活或蒸气。此外,关键是要解决与协议标准化和量化相关的挑战,以便进行实验室间比较,进一步推动该领域的发展。
{"title":"Fundamental and Practical Aspects of Break-In/Conditioning of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells","authors":"Mitja Kostelec,&nbsp;Matija Gatalo,&nbsp;Nejc Hodnik","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400114","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have proven to be a promising power source for various applications ranging from portable devices to automotive and stationary power systems. The production of PEMFC involves numerous stages in the value chain, with each stage presenting unique challenges and opportunities to improve the overall performance and durability of the PEMFC stack. These include steps such as manufacturing the key components such as the platinum-based catalyst, processing these components into the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), and stacking the MEAs to ultimately produce a PEMFC stack. However, it is also known that the break-in or conditioning phase of the stack plays a crucial role in the final performance as well as durability. It involves several key phenomena such as hydration of the membrane, swelling of the ionomer, redistribution of the catalyst and the creation of suitable electrochemical interfaces – establishment of the triple phase boundary. These improve the proton conductivity, the mass transport of reactants and products, the catalytic activity of the electrode and thus the overall efficiency of the FC. The cruciality of break-in is demonstrated by the improvement in performance, which can even be over 50 % compared to the initial state. The state-of-the-art approach for the break-in of MEAs involves an electrochemical protocol, such as voltage cycling, using a PEMFC testing station. This method is time-consuming, equipment-intensive, and costly. Therefore, new, elegant, and cost-effective solutions are needed. Nevertheless, the primary aim is to achieve maximum/optimal performance so that it is fully operational and ready for the market. It is therefore essential to better understand and deconvolute these complex mechanisms taking place during break-in/conditioning. Strategies include controlled humidity and temperature cycling, novel electrode materials and other advanced break-in methods such as air braking, vacuum activation or steaming. In addition, it is critical to address the challenges associated with standardisation and quantification of protocols to enable interlaboratory comparisons to further advance the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tcr.202400114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover Feature: Application of 2-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]Hept-5-En-3-One (Vince Lactam) in Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (Chem. Rec. 9/2024) 封面专题:2-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]Hept-5-En-3-One (Vince Lactam) 在有机合成和药物化学中的应用(Chem.)
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202480902
Dr. Melinda Nonn, Prof. Santos Fustero, Prof. Loránd Kiss

The cover picture shows the structure of some three-dimensional small molecular entities, such as highly-functionalized cyclopentanes and saturated azaheterocycles with multiple chiral centers, derived by chemical manipulations of Vince lactam. More details can be found in article number e2024000070 by Melinda Nonn, Santos Fustero, and Loránd Kiss. (DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400070.

封面图片展示了一些三维小分子实体的结构,如高官能度的环戊烷和具有多个手性中心的饱和杂杂环,它们都是通过对文思内酰胺进行化学处理而得到的。更多详情,请参阅 Melinda Nonn、Santos Fustero 和 Loránd Kiss 的 e2024000070 号文章。(DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400070)。
{"title":"Cover Feature: Application of 2-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]Hept-5-En-3-One (Vince Lactam) in Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (Chem. Rec. 9/2024)","authors":"Dr. Melinda Nonn,&nbsp;Prof. Santos Fustero,&nbsp;Prof. Loránd Kiss","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202480902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202480902","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover picture shows the structure of some three-dimensional small molecular entities, such as highly-functionalized cyclopentanes and saturated azaheterocycles with multiple chiral centers, derived by chemical manipulations of Vince lactam. More details can be found in article number e2024000070 by Melinda Nonn, Santos Fustero, and Loránd Kiss. (DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400070.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tcr.202480902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover Picture: Recent Developments in the Fabrication and Application of Superhydrophobic Suraces (Chem. Rec. 9/2024) 封面图片:制造和应用超疏水表面的最新进展(化学文摘 9/2024)
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202480901
Ting Li, Yi Peng., Hang You, Xiaoya Guan, Jin Lv, Chong Yang

Front Cover: The cover shows the application status of superhydrophobic surfaces in combination with micro-nano structure and photodynamic capabilities in the field of antimicrobials. A similar combination of active and passive protection strategies is becoming possible in superhydrophobic surface applications. More details can be found in article number e202400065 by Ting Li, Yi Peng, and co-workers. (DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400065.

封面:封面展示了超疏水表面与微纳结构和光动力功能相结合在抗菌剂领域的应用现状。在超疏水表面的应用中,主动和被动保护策略的类似组合也正在成为可能。更多详情可参见李婷、彭毅及合作者发表的文章(文章编号:e202400065)。(DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400065)。
{"title":"Cover Picture: Recent Developments in the Fabrication and Application of Superhydrophobic Suraces (Chem. Rec. 9/2024)","authors":"Ting Li,&nbsp;Yi Peng.,&nbsp;Hang You,&nbsp;Xiaoya Guan,&nbsp;Jin Lv,&nbsp;Chong Yang","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202480901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202480901","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Front Cover: The cover shows the application status of superhydrophobic surfaces in combination with micro-nano structure and photodynamic capabilities in the field of antimicrobials. A similar combination of active and passive protection strategies is becoming possible in superhydrophobic surface applications. More details can be found in article number e202400065 by Ting Li, Yi Peng, and co-workers. (DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400065.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tcr.202480901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Built-In Electric Field Boost Photocatalytic Degradation of Pollutants in Wastewater 内置电场促进废水中污染物的光催化降解。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400106
Yang Yu, Zhiyong Qiao, Changming Ding

The photocatalysis technique shows significant potential for wastewater degradation; however, the rapid recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons severely limits its photocatalytic efficiency. This situation necessitates the development of effective strategies to tackle these challenges. One well-documented approach is built-in electric field engineering in heterojunctions or composites, which has been shown to enhance electron transfer and thereby reduce the recombination of electrons and holes. This strategy has proven highly effective in significantly improving photocatalytic activity for the degradation of pollutants in wastewater. In this context, we summarize recent advancements in built-in electric field engineering in photocatalysts, highlighting the fundamentals and modifications of this approach, as well as its positive impact on photocatalytic performance in the degradation of wastewater pollutants.

光催化技术在废水降解方面显示出巨大潜力;然而,光生空穴和电子的快速重组严重限制了其光催化效率。在这种情况下,有必要开发有效的策略来应对这些挑战。一种有据可查的方法是在异质结或复合材料中内置电场工程,这种方法已被证明可以增强电子转移,从而减少电子和空穴的重组。事实证明,这种策略在显著提高光催化活性以降解废水中的污染物方面非常有效。在此背景下,我们总结了光催化剂内置电场工程的最新进展,重点介绍了这种方法的基本原理和改进之处,以及它在降解废水污染物方面对光催化性能的积极影响。
{"title":"Built-In Electric Field Boost Photocatalytic Degradation of Pollutants in Wastewater","authors":"Yang Yu,&nbsp;Zhiyong Qiao,&nbsp;Changming Ding","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The photocatalysis technique shows significant potential for wastewater degradation; however, the rapid recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons severely limits its photocatalytic efficiency. This situation necessitates the development of effective strategies to tackle these challenges. One well-documented approach is built-in electric field engineering in heterojunctions or composites, which has been shown to enhance electron transfer and thereby reduce the recombination of electrons and holes. This strategy has proven highly effective in significantly improving photocatalytic activity for the degradation of pollutants in wastewater. In this context, we summarize recent advancements in built-in electric field engineering in photocatalysts, highlighting the fundamentals and modifications of this approach, as well as its positive impact on photocatalytic performance in the degradation of wastewater pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Relevance of D-Amino Acids Dynamics: From Neurochemistry to Pharmacotherapy D-氨基酸动态的生理学、病理生理学和临床意义:从神经化学到药物疗法》。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400013
M. Verónica Donoso, Vicente Catalán-Salas, Raúl Pulgar-Sepúlveda, Jaime Eugenín, J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro

Over three decades ago, two independent groups of investigators identified free D-aspartic and later D-serine in specific brain nuclei and endocrine glands. This finding revealed a novel, non-proteinogenic role of these molecules. Moreover, the finding that aged proteins from the human eye crystallin, teeth, bone, blood vessels or the brain incorporate D-aspartic acids to specific primary protein sequences fostered the hypothesis that aging might be related to D-amino acid isomerization of body proteins. The experimental confirmation that schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases modify plasma free D-amino acids or tissue levelsnurtured the opportunity of using D-amino acids as therapeutic agents for several disease treatments, a strategy that prompted the successful current application of D-amino acids to human medicine.

三十多年前,两组独立的研究人员在特定的脑核和内分泌腺中发现了游离的 D-天冬氨酸,后来又发现了 D-丝氨酸。这一发现揭示了这些分子的一种新的非蛋白生成作用。此外,从人类眼球晶体蛋白、牙齿、骨骼、血管或大脑中发现的老化蛋白质将 D-天冬氨酸结合到特定的初级蛋白质序列中,这促进了一种假设,即衰老可能与体内蛋白质的 D-氨基酸异构化有关。实验证实,精神分裂症和神经退行性疾病会改变血浆中游离的 D-氨基酸或组织水平,这为将 D-氨基酸作为治疗剂用于多种疾病的治疗提供了机会,这一策略促使 D-氨基酸目前成功地应用于人类医学。
{"title":"Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Relevance of D-Amino Acids Dynamics: From Neurochemistry to Pharmacotherapy","authors":"M. Verónica Donoso,&nbsp;Vicente Catalán-Salas,&nbsp;Raúl Pulgar-Sepúlveda,&nbsp;Jaime Eugenín,&nbsp;J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400013","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over three decades ago, two independent groups of investigators identified free D-aspartic and later D-serine in specific brain nuclei and endocrine glands. This finding revealed a novel, non-proteinogenic role of these molecules. Moreover, the finding that aged proteins from the human eye crystallin, teeth, bone, blood vessels or the brain incorporate D-aspartic acids to specific primary protein sequences fostered the hypothesis that aging might be related to D-amino acid isomerization of body proteins. The experimental confirmation that schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases modify plasma free D-amino acids or tissue levelsnurtured the opportunity of using D-amino acids as therapeutic agents for several disease treatments, a strategy that prompted the successful current application of D-amino acids to human medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empowering Green Energy Storage Systems with MXene for a Sustainable Future 利用 MXene 增强绿色储能系统的能力,实现可持续未来。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400062
MA Zaed, Norulsamani Abdullah, K.H. Tan, MH Hossain, R. Saidur

Green energy storage systems play a vital role in enabling a sustainable future by facilitating the efficient integration and utilization of renewable energy sources. The main problems related to two-dimensional (2D) materials are their difficult synthesis process, high cost, and bulk production, which hamper their performance. In recent years, MXenes have emerged as highly promising materials for enhancing the performance of energy storage devices due to their unique properties, including their high surface area, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and exceptional chemical stability. This paper presents a comprehensive scientific approach that explores the potential of MXenes for empowering green energy storage systems. Which indicates the novelty of the article. The paper reviews the latest advances in MXene synthesis techniques. Furthermore, investigates the application of MXenes in various energy storage technologies, such as lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and emerging energy storage devices. The utilization of MXenes as electrodes in flexible and transparent energy storage devices is also discussed. Moreover, the paper highlights the potential of MXenes in addressing key challenges in energy storage, including enhancing energy storage capacity, improving cycling stability, and promoting fast charging and discharging rates. Additionally, industrial application and cost estimation of MXenes are explored. As the output of the work, we analyzed that HF and modified acid (LiF and HCl) are the established methods for synthesis. Due to high electrical conductivity, MXene materials are showing extraordinary results in energy storage and related applications. Making a composite hydrothermal method is one of the established methods. This scientific paper underscores the significant contributions of MXenes in advancing green energy storage systems, paving the way for a sustainable future driven by renewable energy sources. To facilitate the research, this article includes technical challenges and future recommendations for further research gaps in the topic.

绿色储能系统通过促进可再生能源的有效整合和利用,在实现可持续发展的未来中发挥着至关重要的作用。二维(2D)材料存在的主要问题是合成过程困难、成本高昂和批量生产,这些都影响了它们的性能。近年来,MXenes 因其独特的性能,包括高比表面积、出色的导电性和导热性以及优异的化学稳定性,已成为极有希望提高储能设备性能的材料。本文介绍了一种全面的科学方法,探讨了 MXenes 在增强绿色储能系统方面的潜力。这表明了文章的新颖性。论文回顾了 MXene 合成技术的最新进展。此外,还研究了二氧化二烯在各种储能技术中的应用,如锂离子电池、超级电容器和新兴储能设备。还讨论了在柔性和透明储能设备中将二氧化二烯用作电极的问题。此外,论文还强调了 MXenes 在应对储能领域关键挑战方面的潜力,包括提高储能容量、改善循环稳定性以及促进快速充放电速率。此外,还探讨了 MXenes 的工业应用和成本估算。作为研究成果,我们分析了氢氟酸和改性酸(LiF 和 HCl)的成熟合成方法。由于具有高导电性,MXene 材料在储能和相关应用中显示出非凡的效果。复合水热法是成熟的方法之一。这篇科学论文强调了二氧化二烯类材料在推动绿色储能系统方面的重大贡献,为可再生能源驱动的可持续未来铺平了道路。为促进研究工作,本文提出了技术挑战和未来建议,以进一步填补该课题的研究空白。
{"title":"Empowering Green Energy Storage Systems with MXene for a Sustainable Future","authors":"MA Zaed,&nbsp;Norulsamani Abdullah,&nbsp;K.H. Tan,&nbsp;MH Hossain,&nbsp;R. Saidur","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Green energy storage systems play a vital role in enabling a sustainable future by facilitating the efficient integration and utilization of renewable energy sources. The main problems related to two-dimensional (2D) materials are their difficult synthesis process, high cost, and bulk production, which hamper their performance. In recent years, MXenes have emerged as highly promising materials for enhancing the performance of energy storage devices due to their unique properties, including their high surface area, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and exceptional chemical stability. This paper presents a comprehensive scientific approach that explores the potential of MXenes for empowering green energy storage systems. Which indicates the novelty of the article. The paper reviews the latest advances in MXene synthesis techniques. Furthermore, investigates the application of MXenes in various energy storage technologies, such as lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and emerging energy storage devices. The utilization of MXenes as electrodes in flexible and transparent energy storage devices is also discussed. Moreover, the paper highlights the potential of MXenes in addressing key challenges in energy storage, including enhancing energy storage capacity, improving cycling stability, and promoting fast charging and discharging rates. Additionally, industrial application and cost estimation of MXenes are explored. As the output of the work, we analyzed that HF and modified acid (LiF and HCl) are the established methods for synthesis. Due to high electrical conductivity, MXene materials are showing extraordinary results in energy storage and related applications. Making a composite hydrothermal method is one of the established methods. This scientific paper underscores the significant contributions of MXenes in advancing green energy storage systems, paving the way for a sustainable future driven by renewable energy sources. To facilitate the research, this article includes technical challenges and future recommendations for further research gaps in the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Green Hydrogen Production From Non-Traditional Water Sources: A Sustainable Energy Solution With Hydrogen Storage and Distribution 利用非传统水源生产绿色氢气:氢储存和分配的可持续能源解决方案。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400080
Fazil Qureshi, Mohammad Asif, Abuzar Khan, Hamad Aldawsari, Mohammad Yusuf, Mohd Yusuf Khan

Green hydrogen development plays an essential role in creating a sustainable and environmentally conscious society while reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels. Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysers (PEMWEs), are sensitive to water quality, with various impurities impacting their efficiency, the quality of the hydrogen produced, and the device‘s lifespan. High-purity water is required for PEM electrolyzers; Type II water, which is required for commercial electrolyzers, must have a resistivity greater than 1 MΩ cm, sodium, and chloride concentrations less than 5 μg/L, and total organic carbon (TOC) content less than 50 parts per billion. The majority of electrolyzers operate on freshwater, or total dissolved solids (TDS) <0.5 g/kg, whereas brackish, rainwater, wastewater, and seawater have TDSs of 1–35 g/kg, 0.01–0.15 g/kg, 0.5–2 g/kg, and 35–45 g/kg, respectively. This critical review offers, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of relevant impurities in operating electrolyzers and their impact. The findings of this study indicate that electrolysis-based H2 processes are promising options that contribute to the H2 production capacity but require improvements to produce larger competitive volumes. In addition, the main challenges and opportunities for generating, storing, transporting, and distributing hydrogen, as well as large-scale adoption are discussed.

绿色氢能开发在创建可持续发展的环保型社会、减少对传统化石燃料的依赖方面发挥着至关重要的作用。质子交换膜水电解器(PEMWE)对水质非常敏感,各种杂质会影响其效率、制氢质量和设备寿命。PEM 电解槽需要高纯度的水;商用电解槽所需的 II 类水的电阻率必须大于 1 MΩ cm,钠和氯的浓度必须小于 5 μg/L,总有机碳 (TOC) 含量必须小于十亿分之五十。大多数电解槽都在淡水或总溶解固体(TDS)中运行。此外,还讨论了氢气生产、储存、运输和分配以及大规模采用方面的主要挑战和机遇。
{"title":"Green Hydrogen Production From Non-Traditional Water Sources: A Sustainable Energy Solution With Hydrogen Storage and Distribution","authors":"Fazil Qureshi,&nbsp;Mohammad Asif,&nbsp;Abuzar Khan,&nbsp;Hamad Aldawsari,&nbsp;Mohammad Yusuf,&nbsp;Mohd Yusuf Khan","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Green hydrogen development plays an essential role in creating a sustainable and environmentally conscious society while reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels. Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysers (PEMWEs), are sensitive to water quality, with various impurities impacting their efficiency, the quality of the hydrogen produced, and the device‘s lifespan. High-purity water is required for PEM electrolyzers; Type II water, which is required for commercial electrolyzers, must have a resistivity greater than 1 MΩ cm, sodium, and chloride concentrations less than 5 μg/L, and total organic carbon (TOC) content less than 50 parts per billion. The majority of electrolyzers operate on freshwater, or total dissolved solids (TDS) &lt;0.5 g/kg, whereas brackish, rainwater, wastewater, and seawater have TDSs of 1–35 g/kg, 0.01–0.15 g/kg, 0.5–2 g/kg, and 35–45 g/kg, respectively. This critical review offers, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of relevant impurities in operating electrolyzers and their impact. The findings of this study indicate that electrolysis-based H<sub>2</sub> processes are promising options that contribute to the H<sub>2</sub> production capacity but require improvements to produce larger competitive volumes. In addition, the main challenges and opportunities for generating, storing, transporting, and distributing hydrogen, as well as large-scale adoption are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Opportunity for Synergizing Desalination by Membrane Distillation Assisted Reverse-Electrodialysis for Water/Energy Recovery 利用膜蒸馏辅助反向电渗析法协同海水淡化以实现水/能源回收的机遇
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400098
Muhammad Mujahid, Muhammad Umar Farooq, Chao Wang, Bassim Arkook, Moussab Harb, Long-Fei Ren, Jiahui Shao

Industry, agriculture, and a growing population all have a major impact on the scarcity of clean-water. Desalinating or purifying contaminated water for human use is crucial. The combination of thermal membrane systems can outperform conventional desalination with the help of synergistic management of the water-energy nexus. High energy requirement for desalination is a key challenge for desalination cost and its commercial feasibility. The solution to these problems requires the intermarriage of multidisciplinary approaches such as electrochemistry, chemical, environmental, polymer, and materials science and engineering. The most feasible method for producing high-quality freshwater with a reduced carbon footprint is demanding incorporation of industrial low-grade heat with membrane distillation (MD). More precisely, by using a reverse electrodialysis (RED) setup that is integrated with MD, salinity gradient energy (SGE) may be extracted from highly salinized MD retentate. Integrating MD-RED can significantly increase energy productivity without raising costs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the prospects, unresolved issues, and developments in this cutting-edge field. In addition, we summarize the distinct physicochemical characteristics of the membranes employed in MD and RED, together with the approaches for integrating them to facilitate effective water recovery and energy conversion from salt gradients and freshwater.

工业、农业和不断增长的人口都对清洁水的稀缺产生了重大影响。脱盐或净化受污染的水供人类使用至关重要。在水与能源关系协同管理的帮助下,热膜系统的组合可以超越传统的海水淡化技术。海水淡化所需的高能量是海水淡化成本及其商业可行性面临的主要挑战。要解决这些问题,需要将电化学、化学、环境、聚合物和材料科学与工程等多学科方法结合起来。生产优质淡水并减少碳足迹的最可行方法是将工业低品位热量与膜蒸馏(MD)结合起来。更确切地说,通过使用与 MD 相结合的反向电渗析(RED)装置,可以从高度盐化的 MD 回流液中提取盐度梯度能(SGE)。整合 MD-RED 可以在不增加成本的情况下显著提高能源生产率。本综述全面总结了这一前沿领域的发展前景、悬而未决的问题和发展动态。此外,我们还总结了 MD 和 RED 中使用的膜的不同物理化学特性,以及整合它们以促进从盐梯度和淡水中有效回收水和转换能量的方法。
{"title":"An Opportunity for Synergizing Desalination by Membrane Distillation Assisted Reverse-Electrodialysis for Water/Energy Recovery","authors":"Muhammad Mujahid,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar Farooq,&nbsp;Chao Wang,&nbsp;Bassim Arkook,&nbsp;Moussab Harb,&nbsp;Long-Fei Ren,&nbsp;Jiahui Shao","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Industry, agriculture, and a growing population all have a major impact on the scarcity of clean-water. Desalinating or purifying contaminated water for human use is crucial. The combination of thermal membrane systems can outperform conventional desalination with the help of synergistic management of the water-energy nexus. High energy requirement for desalination is a key challenge for desalination cost and its commercial feasibility. The solution to these problems requires the intermarriage of multidisciplinary approaches such as electrochemistry, chemical, environmental, polymer, and materials science and engineering. The most feasible method for producing high-quality freshwater with a reduced carbon footprint is demanding incorporation of industrial low-grade heat with membrane distillation (MD). More precisely, by using a reverse electrodialysis (RED) setup that is integrated with MD, salinity gradient energy (SGE) may be extracted from highly salinized MD retentate. Integrating MD-RED can significantly increase energy productivity without raising costs. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the prospects, unresolved issues, and developments in this cutting-edge field. In addition, we summarize the distinct physicochemical characteristics of the membranes employed in MD and RED, together with the approaches for integrating them to facilitate effective water recovery and energy conversion from salt gradients and freshwater.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Developments in the Fabrication and Application of Superhydrophobic Suraces 制造和应用超疏水膜的最新进展。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400065
Ting Li, Yi Peng., Hang You, Xiaoya Guan, Jin Lv, Chong Yang

A superhydrophobic surface is defined as having a contact angle exceeding 150 °C, indicating a remarkable ability to repel water. Generally, superhydrophobicity originates from the utilization of low-surface-energy materials with unique micro- and nanostructures. Superhydrophobic surfaces have gained considerable recognition and are widely employed in diverse areas for anti-icing, oil-water separation, anticorrosion, self-cleaning, blood-repellent, and antibacterial applications. These surfaces can greatly enhance industrial processes by yielding significant performance improvements. In this review, we introduce the basic theories that provide a foundation for understanding the hydrophobic properties of superhydrophobic surfaces. We then discuss current techniques for fabricating superhydrophobic coatings, critically analyzing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we provide an overview of recent progress in the application of superhydrophobic materials. Finally, we summarize the challenges in developing superhydrophobic materials and future trends in this field. The insights provided by this review can help researchers understand the basic knowledge of superhydrophobic surfaces and obtain the latest progress and challenges in the application of superhydrophobic surfaces. It provides help for further research and practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces.

超疏水表面的定义是接触角超过 150 °C,表明其具有显著的拒水能力。一般来说,超疏水性源于利用具有独特微观和纳米结构的低表面能材料。超疏水表面已得到广泛认可,并被广泛应用于防冰、油水分离、防腐、自洁、驱血和抗菌等多个领域。这些表面能显著提高性能,从而大大改善工业流程。在本综述中,我们将介绍为理解超疏水表面的疏水特性奠定基础的基本理论。然后,我们讨论了当前制造超疏水涂层的技术,并认真分析了这些技术的优势和局限性。此外,我们还概述了超疏水材料应用的最新进展。最后,我们总结了开发超疏水材料所面临的挑战以及该领域的未来趋势。本综述提供的见解有助于研究人员了解超疏水表面的基本知识,并获得超疏水表面应用的最新进展和挑战。它为超疏水表面的进一步研究和实际应用提供了帮助。
{"title":"Recent Developments in the Fabrication and Application of Superhydrophobic Suraces","authors":"Ting Li,&nbsp;Yi Peng.,&nbsp;Hang You,&nbsp;Xiaoya Guan,&nbsp;Jin Lv,&nbsp;Chong Yang","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400065","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A superhydrophobic surface is defined as having a contact angle exceeding 150 °C, indicating a remarkable ability to repel water. Generally, superhydrophobicity originates from the utilization of low-surface-energy materials with unique micro- and nanostructures. Superhydrophobic surfaces have gained considerable recognition and are widely employed in diverse areas for anti-icing, oil-water separation, anticorrosion, self-cleaning, blood-repellent, and antibacterial applications. These surfaces can greatly enhance industrial processes by yielding significant performance improvements. In this review, we introduce the basic theories that provide a foundation for understanding the hydrophobic properties of superhydrophobic surfaces. We then discuss current techniques for fabricating superhydrophobic coatings, critically analyzing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we provide an overview of recent progress in the application of superhydrophobic materials. Finally, we summarize the challenges in developing superhydrophobic materials and future trends in this field. The insights provided by this review can help researchers understand the basic knowledge of superhydrophobic surfaces and obtain the latest progress and challenges in the application of superhydrophobic surfaces. It provides help for further research and practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dibenzo-Fused Heterocycles: A Decade Update on the Syntheses of Carbazole, Dibenzofuran, and Dibenzothiophene 二苯并呋喃杂环:咔唑、二苯并呋喃和二苯并噻吩合成的十年更新。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400078
Anjana Sreekumar, Ajil R. Nair, C. Raksha, S. Gopika, S. Padmanabhan, R. Gopalakrishna Pai, Dr. Akhil Sivan

Polycyclic heterocycles are the most common and critical structural motifs found in a variety of natural products, medicines, fertilizers, and advanced materials. Because of their widespread use in biologically active compounds and material chemistry, functionalised dibenzo heterocyclic compounds, especially dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, and carbazole derivatives, garnered much attention over time. Scientists are especially interested in elucidating more efficient techniques for developing these industrially essential compounds. Dibenzo-fused heterocycles can rapidly be synthesised using highly efficient transition metal-catalysed strategies as well as by economic metal-free reaction conditions. This review includes a detailed overview of the most recent significant synthetic techniques, both metal-catalysed and metal-free, to produce these industrially significant and medicinally important dibenzo-fused heterocycles.

多环杂环是各种天然产品、药物、肥料和先进材料中最常见和最重要的结构基团。由于其在生物活性化合物和材料化学中的广泛应用,功能化二苯杂环化合物,尤其是二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩和咔唑衍生物,一直以来都备受关注。科学家们对阐明开发这些工业必需化合物的更有效技术尤其感兴趣。利用高效的过渡金属催化策略以及经济的无金属反应条件,可以快速合成二苯并融合杂环。本综述详细概述了最新的重要合成技术,包括金属催化和无金属催化技术,以生产这些具有重要工业意义和药用价值的二苯并融合杂环化合物。
{"title":"Dibenzo-Fused Heterocycles: A Decade Update on the Syntheses of Carbazole, Dibenzofuran, and Dibenzothiophene","authors":"Anjana Sreekumar,&nbsp;Ajil R. Nair,&nbsp;C. Raksha,&nbsp;S. Gopika,&nbsp;S. Padmanabhan,&nbsp;R. Gopalakrishna Pai,&nbsp;Dr. Akhil Sivan","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400078","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202400078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polycyclic heterocycles are the most common and critical structural motifs found in a variety of natural products, medicines, fertilizers, and advanced materials. Because of their widespread use in biologically active compounds and material chemistry, functionalised dibenzo heterocyclic compounds, especially dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, and carbazole derivatives, garnered much attention over time. Scientists are especially interested in elucidating more efficient techniques for developing these industrially essential compounds. Dibenzo-fused heterocycles can rapidly be synthesised using highly efficient transition metal-catalysed strategies as well as by economic metal-free reaction conditions. This review includes a detailed overview of the most recent significant synthetic techniques, both metal-catalysed and metal-free, to produce these industrially significant and medicinally important dibenzo-fused heterocycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Chemical record
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1