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Applications of Clauson-Kaas Reaction in Organic Synthesis. 克劳森-卡斯反应在有机合成中的应用。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400112
Pargat Singh, Abhijeet Singh, Dileep Kumar Singh, Mahendra Nath

Pyrrole-embedded organic molecules received a considerable importance due to their numerous biological and material applications. Hence, several synthetic strategies have been devised for the construction of diverse pyrrole analogues over the years. Among these, the Clauson-Kaas reaction is one of the most widely used protocols for the synthesis of various N-substituted pyrroles. This review briefly describes the Clauson-Kaas reaction along with modifications and a detailed account on its applications in the various sectors of organic synthesis.

嵌入吡咯的有机分子因其在生物和材料领域的众多应用而备受重视。因此,多年来人们设计了多种合成策略来构建各种吡咯类似物。其中,克劳森-卡斯反应是合成各种 N-取代吡咯的最广泛使用的方案之一。本综述简要介绍了 Clauson-Kaas 反应及其改进,并详细说明了它在有机合成各个领域的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Catalytic Cracking of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) to Light Olefins Using Zeolite-Based Materials: Recent Advances, Trends, Challenges and Future Perspectives. 使用沸石基材料催化裂化液化石油气 (LPG) 制轻烯烃:最新进展、趋势、挑战和未来展望》。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400110
Suleiman Magaji, Ijaz Hussain, Zuhair Malaibari, Mohammad M Hossain, Ziyauddin S Qureshi, Shakeel Ahmed

The catalytic cracking of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has attracted significant attention due to its importance in producing valuable feedstocks for the petrochemical industry. This review provides an overview of recent developments in zeolite-based catalyst technology for converting LPG into light olefins. Catalytic cracking utilizes zeolite-based catalysts usually associated with stability challenges, such as coking and sintering. The discussion focused on the underlying mechanisms that govern the catalytic cracking process and provided insights into the complex reaction pathways involved. A comprehensive analysis of various strategies employed for improving the effectiveness of zeolite catalysts has been discussed in this review. These strategies encompass using transition metals to modify catalyst properties, treatments involving phosphorous modification, alkaline earth metals, and alkali metals to alter the acidity level of the zeolites. The elucidation of the impact of silica-to-alumina ratios in zeolites and the development of hierarchical zeolite-based catalysts through top-down and bottom-up methodologies are also discussed.

液化石油气(LPG)催化裂化在为石化工业生产有价值的原料方面具有重要作用,因此备受关注。本综述概述了将液化石油气转化为轻质烯烃的沸石基催化剂技术的最新发展。催化裂化使用的沸石基催化剂通常会面临稳定性方面的挑战,如结焦和烧结。讨论的重点是支配催化裂化过程的基本机制,并深入探讨了其中涉及的复杂反应途径。本综述全面分析了为提高沸石催化剂的有效性而采用的各种策略。这些策略包括使用过渡金属来改变催化剂的特性、涉及磷改性的处理方法、碱土金属和碱金属来改变沸石的酸性水平。此外,还讨论了沸石中二氧化硅与氧化铝比率的影响,以及通过自上而下和自下而上的方法开发基于沸石的分层催化剂。
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引用次数: 0
Toward Sustainable Utilization and Production of Tartaric Acid. 实现酒石酸的可持续利用和生产。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400099
Xiran Li, Mengyuan Liu, Wenhan Li, Xin Wang, Shiyu Wang, Haoran Yin, Ning Yan, Xin Jin, Chaohe Yang

Global efforts toward establishing a circular carbon economy have guided research interests towards exploring renewable technologies that can replace environmentally harmful fossil fuel-based production routes. In this context, sugar-based bio-derived substrates have been identified as renewable molecules for future implementation in chemical industries. Tartaric acid, a special C4 bio-compound with two hydroxyl and carboxylic groups in the structure, displays great potential for the food, polymer, and pharmaceutical industries due to its unique biological reactivity and performance-enhancing properties. To this point, there has yet to be a comprehensive literature review and perspective on the applications and synthesis of tartaric acid. As such, we have conducted a detailed and thorough outlook and discussion in terms of biological activity, organic synthesis, catalysis, structural characterization and synthetic routes. Lastly, we provide a critical discussion on the applications and synthesis of tartaric acid to give our insights into developing sustainable chemical technologies for the future.

全球为建立循环碳经济所做的努力引导研究兴趣转向探索可替代对环境有害的化石燃料生产路线的可再生技术。在此背景下,以糖为基础的生物衍生底物已被确定为未来可用于化学工业的可再生分子。酒石酸是一种特殊的 C4 生物化合物,其结构中含有两个羟基和羧基,由于其独特的生物反应性和性能增强特性,在食品、聚合物和制药行业具有巨大潜力。目前,还没有关于酒石酸应用和合成的全面文献综述和观点。因此,我们从生物活性、有机合成、催化、结构特征和合成路线等方面进行了详细而深入的展望和讨论。最后,我们对酒石酸的应用和合成进行了深入探讨,为未来开发可持续化学技术提供了真知灼见。
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引用次数: 0
Catalysts for Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs): Efficient Storage and Transport for Renewable Energy. 液态有机氢载体 (LOHC) 催化剂:可再生能源的高效储存和运输。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400082
Huda S Alghamdi, Ahsan Ali, Afnan M Ajeebi, Abdesslem Jedidi, Mohammed Sanhoob, Mahbuba Aktary, A H Shabi, Mohammad Usman, Wasan Alghamdi, Shahad Alzahrani, Md Abdul Aziz, M Nasiruzzaman Shaikh

Restructuring the current energy industry towards sustainability requires transitioning from carbon based to renewable energy sources, reducing CO2 emissions. Hydrogen, is considered a significant clean energy carrier. However, it faces challenges in transportation and storage due to its high reactivity, flammability, and low density under ambient conditions. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers offer a solution for storing hydrogen because they allow for the economical and practical storage of organic compounds in regular vessels through hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. This review evaluates several hydrogen technologies aimed at addressing the challenges associated with hydrogen transportation and its economic viablity. The discussion delves into exploring the catalysts and their activity in the context of catalysts' development. This review highlights the pivotal role of various catalyst materials in enhancing the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation activities of multiple LOHC systems, including benzene/cyclohexane, toluene/methylcyclohexane (MCH), N-ethylcarbazole (NEC)/dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (H12-NEC), and dibenzyltoluene (DBT)/perhydrodibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT). By exploring the catalytic properties of noble metals, transition metals, and multimetallic catalysts, the review provides valuable insights into their design and optimization. Also, the discussion revolved around the implementation of a hydrogen economy on a global scale, with a particular focus on the plans pertaining to Saudi Arabia and the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) countries. The review lays out the challenges this technology will face, including the need to increase its H2 capacity, reduce energy consumption by providing solutions, and guarantee the thermal stability of the materials.

要使当前的能源产业实现可持续发展,就必须从碳基能源过渡到可再生能源,从而减少二氧化碳排放。氢被认为是一种重要的清洁能源载体。然而,由于其在环境条件下的高反应性、易燃性和低密度,它在运输和储存方面面临着挑战。液态有机氢载体为储存氢气提供了一种解决方案,因为它们可以通过氢化和脱氢将有机化合物储存在普通容器中,既经济又实用。本综述评估了几种氢技术,旨在解决与氢运输及其经济可行性相关的挑战。讨论深入探讨了催化剂及其在催化剂开发方面的活性。本综述强调了各种催化剂材料在提高多种 LOHC 系统(包括苯/环己烷、甲苯/甲基环己烷 (MCH)、N-乙基咔唑 (NEC)/ 十二氢-N-乙基咔唑 (H12-NEC) 和二苄基甲苯 (DBT)/ 全氢二苄基甲苯 (H18-DBT))的加氢和脱氢活性方面的关键作用。通过探讨贵金属、过渡金属和多金属催化剂的催化特性,该综述为催化剂的设计和优化提供了宝贵的见解。此外,讨论还围绕在全球范围内实施氢经济展开,并特别关注沙特阿拉伯和海湾合作委员会(GCC)国家的相关计划。综述列出了这项技术将面临的挑战,包括需要提高氢气容量、通过提供解决方案降低能耗以及保证材料的热稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Recent Progress in Non-Noble Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A Focus on Transition and Rare-Earth Elements. 氧进化反应非贵金属催化剂的最新进展:聚焦过渡和稀土元素。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400151
Jala Bib Khan, Yuan-Chang Liang

The demand for renewable energy sources has become more urgent due to climate change and environmental pollution. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a crucial role in green energy sources. This article primarily explores the potential of using non-noble metals, such as transition and rare earth metals, to enhance the efficiency of the OER process. Due to their cost-effectiveness and unique electronic structure, these non-noble metals could be a game-changer in the field. 'Doping,' which is the process of adding a small amount of impurity to a material to alter its properties, and 'synergistic effects,' which refer to the combined effect of two or more elements that is greater than the sum of their individual effects, are two key concepts in this field. Transition and rare earth metals can reduce the overpotential, a measure of the excess potential required to drive a reaction, thus enhancing the OER process by engineering the electronic and surface molecular structure. This article summarizes the roles of various non-noble metals in the OER process and highlights opportunities for researchers to propose innovative ways to optimize the OER process.

由于气候变化和环境污染,对可再生能源的需求变得更加迫切。氧进化反应(OER)在绿色能源中发挥着至关重要的作用。本文主要探讨了使用过渡金属和稀土金属等非贵金属来提高氧进化反应过程效率的潜力。由于其成本效益和独特的电子结构,这些非贵金属可能会改变该领域的游戏规则。掺杂 "和 "协同效应 "是这一领域的两个关键概念。"掺杂 "是指在材料中添加少量杂质,以改变其特性;"协同效应 "是指两种或两种以上元素的综合效应大于其单独效应的总和。过渡金属和稀土金属可以降低过电位,过电位是衡量驱动反应所需的过剩电位的一个指标,因此可以通过对电子和表面分子结构进行工程设计来增强 OER 过程。本文总结了各种非贵金属在 OER 过程中的作用,并强调了研究人员提出优化 OER 过程的创新方法的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Cover Picture: Fundamental and Practical Aspects of Break-In/Conditioning of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Chem. Rec. 10/2024) 封面图片:质子交换膜燃料电池磨合/调节的基础和实践方面(Chem.)
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202481001
Mitja Kostelec, Matija Gatalo, Nejc Hodnik

Break-in or conditioning phase of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack plays a crucial role in the final performance as well as durability. The cover picture shows the effects of break-in with a before and after comparison of the catalyst layer on a submicron scale. This process is deconvoluted into several different mechanisms that may have either beneficial or detrimental effect on PEMFC stack. More details can be found in the article by Mitja Kostelec, Matija Gatalo and Nejc Hodnik (DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400114

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)堆的磨合或调节阶段对最终性能和耐用性起着至关重要的作用。封面图片显示了磨合的效果,以及亚微米级催化剂层磨合前后的对比。这一过程被分解为几种不同的机制,这些机制可能对 PEMFC 叠层产生有利或不利的影响。更多详情可参见 Mitja Kostelec、Matija Gatalo 和 Nejc Hodnik 的文章(DOl: 10.1002/tcr.202400114
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引用次数: 0
Recent Advances on the Construction of Functionalized Indolizine and Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives. 构建功能化吲哚利嗪和咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶衍生物的最新进展。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400135
Xiang Liu, Haifeng Fu, Qi Hu, Hua Cao

Indolizines and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines are commonly found in natural products, synthetic drugs, and bioactive molecules. These two types of derivatives possess good antibacterial, antiparasitic, anticancer activities, and so on. The functionalization of indolizines and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines has always been a hot topic in organic chemistry research and has made significant progress. In recent years, our group has been dedicated to developing diverse synthetic methods for the preparation of such important compounds. 1) We have developed diverse C-H functionalization reactions for efficient modification of the parent indolizines and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. 2) A variety of cycloaddition reactions were established for the construction of indolizine and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives from simple raw materials. 3) We have developed intriguing deconstruction-functionalization reactions of indolizines, enabling the reorganization of heterocyclic frameworks. This paper outlines our group's latest advancements in constructing structurally diverse indolizine and imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives. We hope that this work will offer valuable insights and inspiration for the ongoing research in the field of N-heterocyclic compounds.

吲哚类和咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶类化合物常见于天然产物、合成药物和生物活性分子中。这两类衍生物具有良好的抗菌、抗寄生虫、抗癌等活性。吲哚类和咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶的功能化一直是有机化学研究的热点,并取得了重大进展。近年来,我们课题组一直致力于开发制备此类重要化合物的多种合成方法。1) 我们开发了多种 C-H 功能化反应,可有效修饰母体吲哚利嗪和咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶。2) 我们建立了多种环化反应,可从简单的原料中生成吲哚利嗪和咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶衍生物。3) 我们开发了吲哚利嗪的有趣的解构-官能化反应,使杂环框架得以重组。本文概述了我们小组在构建结构多样的吲哚利嗪和咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶衍生物方面取得的最新进展。我们希望这项工作能为 N-杂环化合物领域的持续研究提供有价值的见解和灵感。
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引用次数: 0
Organic Electrolyte Additives for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries:Progress and Outlook. 用于锌离子水电池的有机电解质添加剂:进展与展望。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400142
Conghui Wang, Dan Zhang, Shi Yue, Shaofeng Jia, Hao Li, Wanxin Liu, Le Li

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered one of the most prospective new-generation electrochemical energy storage devices with the advantages of high specific capacity, good safety, and high economic efficiency. Nevertheless, the enduring problems of low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and inadequate cycling stability of zinc anodes, originating from dendrites, hydrogen precipitation and passivation, are closely tied to their thermodynamic instability in aqueous electrolytes, which significantly shortens the cycle life of the battery. Electrolyte additives can solve the above difficulties and are important for the advancement of affordable and reliable AZIBs. Organic electrolyte additives have attracted widespread attention due to their unique properties, however, there is a lack of systematic discussion on the performance and mechanism of action of organic electrolyte additives. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the application of organic electrolyte additives in AZIBs is presented. The role of organic electrolyte additives in stabilizing zinc anodes is described and evaluated. Finally, further potential directions and prospects for improving and directing organic electrolyte additives for AZIBs are presented.

锌离子水电池(AZIBs)具有比容量高、安全性好和经济效益高等优点,被认为是最有前景的新一代电化学储能装置之一。然而,由于枝晶、氢沉淀和钝化等原因,锌阳极长期存在库仑效率(CE)低和循环稳定性不足的问题,这与其在水性电解质中的热力学不稳定性密切相关,从而大大缩短了电池的循环寿命。电解质添加剂可以解决上述难题,对开发经济可靠的 AZIB 具有重要意义。有机电解质添加剂因其独特的性能而受到广泛关注,但目前还缺乏对有机电解质添加剂性能和作用机理的系统讨论。本综述全面概述了有机电解质添加剂在 AZIB 中的应用。此外,还描述并评估了有机电解质添加剂在稳定锌阳极方面的作用。最后,介绍了改进和引导 AZIB 有机电解质添加剂的进一步潜在方向和前景。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging Trends in CdS-Based Nanoheterostructures: From Type-II and Z-Scheme toward S-Scheme Photocatalytic H2 Production. 基于 CdS 的纳米异质结构的新趋势:从 II 型和 Z 型到 S 型光催化制取 H2。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400127
Ikram Ullah, Pei Zhao, Ning Qin, Shuai Chen, Jing-Han Li, An-Wu Xu

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) based heterojunctions, including type-II, Z-scheme, and S-scheme systems emerged as promising materials for augmenting photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) generation from water splitting. This review offers an exclusive highlight of their fundamental principles, synthesis routes, charge transfer mechanisms, and performance properties in improving H2 production. We overview the crucial roles of Type-II heterojunctions in enhancing charge separation, Z-scheme heterojunctions in promoting redox potentials to reduce electron-hole (e-/h+) pairs recombination, and S-scheme heterojunctions in combining the merits of both type-II and Z-scheme frameworks to obtain highly efficient H2 production. The importance of this review is demonstrated by its thorough comparison of these three configurations, presenting valuable insights into their special contributions and capability for augmenting photocatalytic H2 activity. Additionally, key challenges and prospects in the practical applications of CdS-based heterojunctions are addressed, which provides a comprehensive route for emerging research in achieving sustainable energy goals.

基于硫化镉(CdS)的异质结,包括 II 型、Z 型和 S 型系统,已成为增强光催化水分裂产生氢气(H2)的有前途的材料。本综述独家重点介绍了它们的基本原理、合成路线、电荷转移机制以及在提高 H2 产率方面的性能特性。我们概述了 II 型异质结在增强电荷分离方面的关键作用,Z 型主题异质结在促进氧化还原电位以减少电子-空穴(e-/h+)对重组方面的关键作用,以及 S 型主题异质结在结合 II 型和 Z 型主题框架的优点以获得高效 H2 产能方面的关键作用。本综述的重要性体现在对这三种构型进行了全面比较,对它们在提高光催化 H2 活性方面的特殊贡献和能力提出了宝贵的见解。此外,还探讨了基于 CdS 的异质结在实际应用中面临的主要挑战和前景,为实现可持续能源目标的新兴研究提供了一条全面的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Retraction: Stimuli-Responsive Transformable Supramolecular Nanotubes. 撤稿:刺激响应型可转化超分子纳米管。
IF 7 2区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400189
{"title":"Retraction: Stimuli-Responsive Transformable Supramolecular Nanotubes.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202400189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202400189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":" ","pages":"e202400189"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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