Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.071
A. Klunklin, N. Sansiriphun, Nongkran Viseskul, Piyawan Sawasdisingha, Noppamas P. Sripetchwandee, Saranya Chaisang, Prachayaporn Charoenpakdee
Abstract There has a growing trend of health spa services in Thailand over the past decade. However, little information is available about the effectiveness of a Lanna-styled spa for health. The propose of this qualitative study was to explore the Lanna Spa Model for health in Thailand. A qualitative method was used with six focus groups and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were held with a purposive selected staff who specialized in spa treatments in Northern Thailand between February and April 2017. Guided interviews focused on spa experiences, the main components of Lanna-style spa services, and suggestions for implementing the Lanna spa model for health. Data were analyzed using content analysis with the principles of trustworthiness. The health and wellness spa model consisted of four categories: 1) Identity of Lanna spa; 2) Lanna spa services (hydrotherapy, massage, and products); 3) Lanna culture; and 4) Lanna health wisdom. Lanna spa is beneficial for people as it can help promote their health and well-being. Training program and service delivery of Lanna-style spa for health should be integrated with Lanna culture and wisdom. Keywords: Lanna spa Model, Qualitative research, Thailand
{"title":"Lanna Spa Model for Health in Thailand","authors":"A. Klunklin, N. Sansiriphun, Nongkran Viseskul, Piyawan Sawasdisingha, Noppamas P. Sripetchwandee, Saranya Chaisang, Prachayaporn Charoenpakdee","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There has a growing trend of health spa services in Thailand over the past decade. However, little information is available about the effectiveness of a Lanna-styled spa for health. The propose of this qualitative study was to explore the Lanna Spa Model for health in Thailand. A qualitative method was used with six focus groups and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were held with a purposive selected staff who specialized in spa treatments in Northern Thailand between February and April 2017. Guided interviews focused on spa experiences, the main components of Lanna-style spa services, and suggestions for implementing the Lanna spa model for health. Data were analyzed using content analysis with the principles of trustworthiness. The health and wellness spa model consisted of four categories: 1) Identity of Lanna spa; 2) Lanna spa services (hydrotherapy, massage, and products); 3) Lanna culture; and 4) Lanna health wisdom. Lanna spa is beneficial for people as it can help promote their health and well-being. Training program and service delivery of Lanna-style spa for health should be integrated with Lanna culture and wisdom. Keywords: Lanna spa Model, Qualitative research, Thailand","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42903910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.082
N. Petkova, Ivanka Hambarlyiska, E. Angelova, Ivan Georgiev Ivanov
Abstract The research purposed to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antioxidant content in water and 50 % ethanol extracts from different vegetal parts of seven herbs (black bryony, dandelion, leuzea, asparagus, St. Benedict's thistle, cotton thistle, and sarsaparilla). Sugars and total fructans (inulin ad fructooligosacchrides (FOS) were analysed by spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. The total phenols, total flavonoids and derivatives of caffeic acid were also determined. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. Inulin and FOS were detected only in three plants (leuzea, dandelion and the cotton thistle). Dandelion roots were evaluated as the richest source of total fructans (18 g/100 g dw). The highest phenolic content was found in sarsaparilla roots 50 % ethanol extracts (21 mg GAE/g dw). Leuzea roots were evaluated as a rich source of dihydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids. The high antioxidant activity demonstrated sarsaparilla water extracts, followed by water and 95 % ethanol of leuzea roots and cotton thistle flowеring heads (20-98 mM TE/g dw). The study demonstrated the use of some medicinal plants (especially leuzea, sarsaparilla and cotton thistle) as sources of antioxidants and inulin-type fructans in food and beverages. Keywords: Antioxidant Activity, Fructan, Medicinal Plants, Polyphenols
摘要:本研究旨在评价7种草本植物(黑苔藓、蒲公英、白花、芦笋、圣本尼迪克蓟、棉花蓟和菝葜)不同植物部位的水提取物和50%乙醇提取物的生物活性成分和抗氧化剂含量。用分光光度法和色谱法对糖和总果聚糖(菊粉和低聚果糖)进行了分析。同时测定了咖啡酸的总酚、总黄酮和衍生物的含量。采用DPPH法和FRAP法评价其抗氧化活性。菊粉和FOS仅在三种植物(白花、蒲公英和棉蓟)中检测到。蒲公英根被评价为总果聚糖最丰富的来源(18 g/100 g dw)。菝葜根中酚含量最高的是50%乙醇提取物(21 mg GAE/g dw)。芦荟根被评价为二羟基肉桂酸衍生物和黄酮类化合物的丰富来源。菝葜水提取物的抗氧化活性最高，其次是白芨根和棉蓟花头的水和95%乙醇(20 ~ 98 mM TE/g dw)。该研究表明，在食品和饮料中，一些药用植物(特别是白芨、菝葜和棉花蓟)可作为抗氧化剂和菊粉型果聚糖的来源。关键词:抗氧化活性，果聚糖，药用植物，多酚
{"title":"Fructans, Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity in Edible Roots and Thistles from Seven Medicinal Plants","authors":"N. Petkova, Ivanka Hambarlyiska, E. Angelova, Ivan Georgiev Ivanov","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research purposed to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antioxidant content in water and 50 % ethanol extracts from different vegetal parts of seven herbs (black bryony, dandelion, leuzea, asparagus, St. Benedict's thistle, cotton thistle, and sarsaparilla). Sugars and total fructans (inulin ad fructooligosacchrides (FOS) were analysed by spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. The total phenols, total flavonoids and derivatives of caffeic acid were also determined. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. Inulin and FOS were detected only in three plants (leuzea, dandelion and the cotton thistle). Dandelion roots were evaluated as the richest source of total fructans (18 g/100 g dw). The highest phenolic content was found in sarsaparilla roots 50 % ethanol extracts (21 mg GAE/g dw). Leuzea roots were evaluated as a rich source of dihydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids. The high antioxidant activity demonstrated sarsaparilla water extracts, followed by water and 95 % ethanol of leuzea roots and cotton thistle flowеring heads (20-98 mM TE/g dw). The study demonstrated the use of some medicinal plants (especially leuzea, sarsaparilla and cotton thistle) as sources of antioxidants and inulin-type fructans in food and beverages. Keywords: Antioxidant Activity, Fructan, Medicinal Plants, Polyphenols","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45368233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.081
W. Pungchompoo, Warawan Udomkhwamsuk
Abstract The integration of home telehealth into holistic end of life care with nurse oversight for older persons living with hemodialysis is still limited in Thailand. This study explains the symptom experiences and health care needs related to integrating a home telehealth model into end of life care for older persons living with hemodialysis (OPLH). The paper represents the first phase of a mixed methods exploratory sequential study with dominant quantitative components, carried out over a six-month period. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 100 OPLH. The instruments included the VOICES (View of Informal Carers Evaluation of Service-ESRD/Thai – patients’ version) questionnaire, the 9-item Thai Health Status Assessment questionnaire, and a demographic data form. The quantitative data were analysed using the statistical package SPSS version 17. Most of the participants had comorbid conditions (98%). The most common of these were hypertension (41.02%) followed by diabetes mellitus (23.25%). 25% had shortness of breath, and some had pain (31%), swelling (31%), anorexia some of the time (30%), and nausea and vomiting (15%). Moreover, participants also had symptoms of anxiety (23%), and moderate stress (10%). 8% had to be readmitted to hospital at least twice per month. Most participants had never received home care. The needs of the participants in relation to their holistic end of life care at home were reported in terms of: 1) knowledge of symptoms management at home; 2) activity and role management; 3) emotional management; and 4) spiritual support. The telehealth provision was mentioned by participants as an important part of their care, requiring VDO visiting, telephone counselling, and web-based education/ monitoring. Keywords: ESRD, Older persons living with hemodialysis (OPLH), Home telehealth.
在泰国，将家庭远程医疗整合到有护士监督的老年血液透析患者的整体临终关怀中仍然有限。本研究解释了将家庭远程医疗模式纳入老年人血液透析(OPLH)的临终关怀相关的症状经历和医疗保健需求。本文代表了混合方法探索性顺序研究的第一阶段，主要是定量成分，进行了为期六个月的研究。采用目的抽样方法收集100例OPLH的数据。这些工具包括voice(非正式护理人员服务评价观点- esrd /泰国患者版)问卷，9项泰国健康状况评估问卷和人口统计数据表。定量数据采用SPSS version 17统计软件包进行分析。大多数参与者有合并症(98%)。最常见的是高血压(41.02%)，其次是糖尿病(23.25%)。25%的人有呼吸短促，一些人有疼痛(31%)，肿胀(31%)，有时厌食(30%)，恶心和呕吐(15%)。此外，参与者也有焦虑症状(23%)和中度压力(10%)。8%的人每月至少要再入院两次。大多数参与者从未接受过家庭护理。参与者的需求与他们在家中的整体临终关怀有关:1)家庭症状管理知识;2)活动和角色管理;3)情绪管理;4)精神支持。与会者提到，提供远程保健是其护理的重要组成部分，需要访问志愿服务组织、电话咨询和基于网络的教育/监测。关键词:ESRD，老年血液透析患者，家庭远程医疗
{"title":"Symptom Experiences and Needs of Older Persons Living with Hemodialysis in Relation to Integrating Home Telehealth into Holistic End of Life Care: Phase I","authors":"W. Pungchompoo, Warawan Udomkhwamsuk","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.081","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The integration of home telehealth into holistic end of life care with nurse oversight for older persons living with hemodialysis is still limited in Thailand. This study explains the symptom experiences and health care needs related to integrating a home telehealth model into end of life care for older persons living with hemodialysis (OPLH). The paper represents the first phase of a mixed methods exploratory sequential study with dominant quantitative components, carried out over a six-month period. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 100 OPLH. The instruments included the VOICES (View of Informal Carers Evaluation of Service-ESRD/Thai – patients’ version) questionnaire, the 9-item Thai Health Status Assessment questionnaire, and a demographic data form. The quantitative data were analysed using the statistical package SPSS version 17. Most of the participants had comorbid conditions (98%). The most common of these were hypertension (41.02%) followed by diabetes mellitus (23.25%). 25% had shortness of breath, and some had pain (31%), swelling (31%), anorexia some of the time (30%), and nausea and vomiting (15%). Moreover, participants also had symptoms of anxiety (23%), and moderate stress (10%). 8% had to be readmitted to hospital at least twice per month. Most participants had never received home care. The needs of the participants in relation to their holistic end of life care at home were reported in terms of: 1) knowledge of symptoms management at home; 2) activity and role management; 3) emotional management; and 4) spiritual support. The telehealth provision was mentioned by participants as an important part of their care, requiring VDO visiting, telephone counselling, and web-based education/ monitoring. Keywords: ESRD, Older persons living with hemodialysis (OPLH), Home telehealth.","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45427085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.074
Chakkrit Khanaree, Wanisa Punfa, Payungsak Tantipaiboonwong, M. Suttajit, T. Chewonarin, Kanjana Pangjit, Komsak Pintha
Abstract Thai perilla (Perilla frutescens) extracts, which contain a substantial quantity of bioactive substances including phenolics and flavonoids, have shown marked anti-inflammatory activities in several investigated models. In the present study, the effect of perilla seed extract (PSE) and seed meal extract (PSME) on TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was investigated. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in PSME was lower than PSE. Markedly, rosmarinic acid was identified as the main constituent in both extracts. However, the DPPH and ABTS assays indicated that the antioxidant capacity of PSME was equal to PSE. Moreover, the iron-binding activity of PSE and PSME were exhibited by complex formation with Fe3+-NTA, indicating that the extracts may inhibit hydroxyl radical production via Fenton reaction. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis showed that both PSE or PSME co-treated with TNF-α, at 24 h exposure, were not toxic to the A549 cells. Interestingly, PSE and PSME dramatically exhibited an anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, but did not influence iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expressions. Moreover, both extracts significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in TNF-α-induced A549 cells. The findings presented in this paper suggest that PSE and PSME could mitigate TNF-α-mediated inflammatory responses via limiting pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions and decreasing ROS production. Thus, perilla seed and seed meal, the by-product of a perilla seed oil cold-pressed extraction process, could be developed as food supplements or functional foods for the prevention of inflammation-induced lung carcinogenesis development. Keywords: Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, Inflammation, Perilla seed, Perilla seed meal, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)
{"title":"The Attenuation of TNF-α-mediated Inflammatory Responses in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line by Perilla Seed and Seed Meal Extract","authors":"Chakkrit Khanaree, Wanisa Punfa, Payungsak Tantipaiboonwong, M. Suttajit, T. Chewonarin, Kanjana Pangjit, Komsak Pintha","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.074","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thai perilla (Perilla frutescens) extracts, which contain a substantial quantity of bioactive substances including phenolics and flavonoids, have shown marked anti-inflammatory activities in several investigated models. In the present study, the effect of perilla seed extract (PSE) and seed meal extract (PSME) on TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was investigated. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in PSME was lower than PSE. Markedly, rosmarinic acid was identified as the main constituent in both extracts. However, the DPPH and ABTS assays indicated that the antioxidant capacity of PSME was equal to PSE. Moreover, the iron-binding activity of PSE and PSME were exhibited by complex formation with Fe3+-NTA, indicating that the extracts may inhibit hydroxyl radical production via Fenton reaction. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis showed that both PSE or PSME co-treated with TNF-α, at 24 h exposure, were not toxic to the A549 cells. Interestingly, PSE and PSME dramatically exhibited an anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, but did not influence iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expressions. Moreover, both extracts significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in TNF-α-induced A549 cells. The findings presented in this paper suggest that PSE and PSME could mitigate TNF-α-mediated inflammatory responses via limiting pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions and decreasing ROS production. Thus, perilla seed and seed meal, the by-product of a perilla seed oil cold-pressed extraction process, could be developed as food supplements or functional foods for the prevention of inflammation-induced lung carcinogenesis development. Keywords: Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, Inflammation, Perilla seed, Perilla seed meal, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48819039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.088
S. Kawichai, T. Prapamontol, F. Cao, X. Y. Liu, Wenhuai Song, S. Kiatwattanacharoen, Yan - Lin Zhang
Abstract This study aimed to identify the contributing sources of PM2.5 in Chiang Mai Province during February to April 2016. We therefore investigated the chemical compositions of PM2.5 at two different sites. An urban site is in Chiang Mai University (CMU) while a rural site is in Mae Chaem (MC) District where frequent intensive biomass burning was reported. Thirty pair samples of 24-h PM2.5 were analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), levoglucosan and stable carbon isotope (δ13C). The mean concentrations (Mean ± SD) of PM2.5, OC and EC at the CMU vs MC sites were not significant different (P >0.05) including 44.5 ± 32.1 vs 40.5 ± 21.2 µg/m3; 14.9 ± 12.5 vs 14.8 ± 10.0 µg/m3; and 1.80 ± 1.60 vs 1.62 ± 0.80 µg/m3, respectively. Levoglucosan concentrations, a tracer of biomass burning from both sites were not significant different (P >0.05) and the mean ± SD concentrations at CMU vs MC sites were 0.46 ± 0.56 µg/m3 vs 0.55 ± 0.67 µg/m3, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean values of δ13C in total carbon (TC) at CMU vs MC sites were -27.9 ± 0.68 vs -27.6 ± 0.60‰, respectively which major data (n = 48, 85.4%) fell within the ranged of C3-type plants and minor data (n = 48, 14.6%) in C3-type plants and motor vehicle sources. This finding corresponds to the vast biomass burning area from satellite data. Forest plants in northern Thailand, Chiang Mai particular are mostly mixed deciduous forest i.e. C3-type plants which falling leaves in dry season and easily causing fire. The results of this study therefore strongly suggest that the burning of C3-type forest plants attribute to airborne PM2.5 pollutants in Chiang Mai Province. Keywords: Air pollution, Biomass burning, C3-type plants, Levoglucosan, Stable carbon isotope
{"title":"Significant Contribution of C3 - Type Forest Plants’ Burning to Airborne PM2.5 Pollutions in Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand","authors":"S. Kawichai, T. Prapamontol, F. Cao, X. Y. Liu, Wenhuai Song, S. Kiatwattanacharoen, Yan - Lin Zhang","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to identify the contributing sources of PM2.5 in Chiang Mai Province during February to April 2016. We therefore investigated the chemical compositions of PM2.5 at two different sites. An urban site is in Chiang Mai University (CMU) while a rural site is in Mae Chaem (MC) District where frequent intensive biomass burning was reported. Thirty pair samples of 24-h PM2.5 were analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), levoglucosan and stable carbon isotope (δ13C). The mean concentrations (Mean ± SD) of PM2.5, OC and EC at the CMU vs MC sites were not significant different (P >0.05) including 44.5 ± 32.1 vs 40.5 ± 21.2 µg/m3; 14.9 ± 12.5 vs 14.8 ± 10.0 µg/m3; and 1.80 ± 1.60 vs 1.62 ± 0.80 µg/m3, respectively. Levoglucosan concentrations, a tracer of biomass burning from both sites were not significant different (P >0.05) and the mean ± SD concentrations at CMU vs MC sites were 0.46 ± 0.56 µg/m3 vs 0.55 ± 0.67 µg/m3, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean values of δ13C in total carbon (TC) at CMU vs MC sites were -27.9 ± 0.68 vs -27.6 ± 0.60‰, respectively which major data (n = 48, 85.4%) fell within the ranged of C3-type plants and minor data (n = 48, 14.6%) in C3-type plants and motor vehicle sources. This finding corresponds to the vast biomass burning area from satellite data. Forest plants in northern Thailand, Chiang Mai particular are mostly mixed deciduous forest i.e. C3-type plants which falling leaves in dry season and easily causing fire. The results of this study therefore strongly suggest that the burning of C3-type forest plants attribute to airborne PM2.5 pollutants in Chiang Mai Province. Keywords: Air pollution, Biomass burning, C3-type plants, Levoglucosan, Stable carbon isotope","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42286377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.089
P. S. Rejeki, D. Utami, Nabilah Izzatunnisa, A. Pranoto, D. A. Sukarno, Minidian Fasitasari
Abstract This study aims to analyze whether the high-fat diet decreases serum TNF-α and breast tumor area on benzopyrene induced mice (Mus musculus). This study was a true experimental with the randomized posttest-only control group design using 36 female mice (Mus musculus), 3-4 months age, 25 ± 5 grams. Mice were induced with benzopyrene (BZP) subcutaneously with a dose of 0.3mg/20gBB/day for 14 days in the right breast area, then randomly divided into 6 groups, K1 (negative control group, given standard feed), K2 (positive control group, standard feed), K3 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 60% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 10% fiber), K4 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 45% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 45% fat, 10% fiber), K5 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 30% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 60% fat, 10% fiber) and K6 (high-fat diet on day 15 with a ratio of 15% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 75% fat, 10% fiber). The high-fat diet was administered for 28 days. The mean of tumor area delta at K1 (0.00 ± 0.00) mm2, K2 (3.52 ± 1.98) mm2, K3 (27.18 ± 21.23) mm2, K4 (13.19 ± 9.93) mm2, K5 (8.80 ± 1.72) mm2, K6 (10.81 ± 6.55) mm2, and (p=0.001). The mean of TNF-α levels at K1 (56.32 ± 8.25) ng/mL, K2 (65.99 ± 2.82) ng/mL, K3 (70.43 ± 4.61) ng/mL, K4 (58.05 ± 5.80) ng/mL, K5 (54.91 ± 3.27) ng/mL, K6 (59.67 ± 3.63) ng/mL and (P = 0.000). A high-fat diet lowers TNF-α levels and reduces the area of BZP-induced breast tumors. The lowest TNF-α levels and the lowest breast tumor area were found in groups with a fat: protein ratio = 60:30. Keywords: Benzopyrene induced, Breast tumor area, High-fat diet, Tumor necrosis factor-α
{"title":"High-Fat Diet Decreases Serum TNF-Alpha and Breast Tumor Area on Benzopyrene Induced Mice (Mus Musculus)","authors":"P. S. Rejeki, D. Utami, Nabilah Izzatunnisa, A. Pranoto, D. A. Sukarno, Minidian Fasitasari","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.089","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to analyze whether the high-fat diet decreases serum TNF-α and breast tumor area on benzopyrene induced mice (Mus musculus). This study was a true experimental with the randomized posttest-only control group design using 36 female mice (Mus musculus), 3-4 months age, 25 ± 5 grams. Mice were induced with benzopyrene (BZP) subcutaneously with a dose of 0.3mg/20gBB/day for 14 days in the right breast area, then randomly divided into 6 groups, K1 (negative control group, given standard feed), K2 (positive control group, standard feed), K3 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 60% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 10% fiber), K4 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 45% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 45% fat, 10% fiber), K5 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 30% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 60% fat, 10% fiber) and K6 (high-fat diet on day 15 with a ratio of 15% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 75% fat, 10% fiber). The high-fat diet was administered for 28 days. The mean of tumor area delta at K1 (0.00 ± 0.00) mm2, K2 (3.52 ± 1.98) mm2, K3 (27.18 ± 21.23) mm2, K4 (13.19 ± 9.93) mm2, K5 (8.80 ± 1.72) mm2, K6 (10.81 ± 6.55) mm2, and (p=0.001). The mean of TNF-α levels at K1 (56.32 ± 8.25) ng/mL, K2 (65.99 ± 2.82) ng/mL, K3 (70.43 ± 4.61) ng/mL, K4 (58.05 ± 5.80) ng/mL, K5 (54.91 ± 3.27) ng/mL, K6 (59.67 ± 3.63) ng/mL and (P = 0.000). A high-fat diet lowers TNF-α levels and reduces the area of BZP-induced breast tumors. The lowest TNF-α levels and the lowest breast tumor area were found in groups with a fat: protein ratio = 60:30. Keywords: Benzopyrene induced, Breast tumor area, High-fat diet, Tumor necrosis factor-α","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46138176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.083
J. Wongbutdee, Wacharapong Saengnill, J. Jittimanee, Pawana Panomket, Phairo Saenwang
Abstract Melioidosis is a public health problem in the tropical regions, occurring to meteorological variability. For 10 years of melioidosis outbreaks, we create probability maps of melioidosis distribution during 2009–2018 and determine the association with meteorological factors. The monthly average rainfall and incidence of melioidosis were high from July to September but they not significantly associated (P = 0.576). However, the monthly maximum and minimum temperature were significantly associated with melioidosis incidence (P = 0.002 and P = 0.029, respectively). We estimated the spatial distribution of rainfall and maximum and minimum temperature using the Co-Kriging interpolation method which found that the spatial distribution of the melioidosis incidence was significantly associated with rainfall in 2009, 2010, and 2015; with the maximum temperature in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, and 2015; and with the minimum temperature in 2010, 2011, and 2015. Our finding approach may support information and classify a pattern for melioidosis distribution. Keywords: Incidence, Melioidosis, Meteorological factors
{"title":"The Association between the Mapping Distribution of Melioidosis Incidences and Meteorological Factors in an Endemic Area: Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand (2009–2018)","authors":"J. Wongbutdee, Wacharapong Saengnill, J. Jittimanee, Pawana Panomket, Phairo Saenwang","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Melioidosis is a public health problem in the tropical regions, occurring to meteorological variability. For 10 years of melioidosis outbreaks, we create probability maps of melioidosis distribution during 2009–2018 and determine the association with meteorological factors. The monthly average rainfall and incidence of melioidosis were high from July to September but they not significantly associated (P = 0.576). However, the monthly maximum and minimum temperature were significantly associated with melioidosis incidence (P = 0.002 and P = 0.029, respectively). We estimated the spatial distribution of rainfall and maximum and minimum temperature using the Co-Kriging interpolation method which found that the spatial distribution of the melioidosis incidence was significantly associated with rainfall in 2009, 2010, and 2015; with the maximum temperature in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, and 2015; and with the minimum temperature in 2010, 2011, and 2015. Our finding approach may support information and classify a pattern for melioidosis distribution. Keywords: Incidence, Melioidosis, Meteorological factors","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44355102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.077
Udon Pongkawong, Jatupol Kampuansai, R. Pollawatn, A. Jampeetong
Abstract “Dok Hin” is the Thai local name for Selaginella species that form rosettes. They commonly distributes in Siberia, Manchuria, southern China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin is very resemble leading to misidentification. So, exactly number of species of Dok Hin in Thailand and their differences in morphological characteristics is not well understood. Thus, revision of morphological characters and phylogenetic confirmation of the taxonomic identification are needed. This study aims to examine morphological charateristics and phylogenetic patterns in eight populations of the Dok Hin in Northern Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin from each populations was quantitatively examined using 15 vegetative and 6 reproductive characters meanwhile phylogenetic analyses was explored by DNA barcode ITS2. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two species of Dok Hin, S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata. Selaginella tamariscina can be distinguished from S. pulvinata by its presence of a pseudotrunk above ground and ridges of dorsal leaves. On the other hand, the results of phylogenetic analysis indicated the differences among populations of S. pulvinata as well. Chiang Mai populations of S. pulvinata was characterized by peculiar set of characters long leaves and leaf apices look like caudate, while the rest of their populations have shorter leaves and leaf apices look like aristate. It indicates that S. pulvinata has genetic and phenotypic divergence among populations. However, additional studies of Dok Hin populations in other parts of Thailand and studies on different genetic markers are necessary to confirm the taxonomic status of S. pulvinata. Keywords: Dok Hin, Morphometric, Phylogeny, Pseudotrunk, Resurrection plant
{"title":"Morphometry and Phylogeny of the Different Populations of Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring and S. pulvinata (Hook. & Grev.) Maxim. in Northern Thailand","authors":"Udon Pongkawong, Jatupol Kampuansai, R. Pollawatn, A. Jampeetong","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.077","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “Dok Hin” is the Thai local name for Selaginella species that form rosettes. They commonly distributes in Siberia, Manchuria, southern China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin is very resemble leading to misidentification. So, exactly number of species of Dok Hin in Thailand and their differences in morphological characteristics is not well understood. Thus, revision of morphological characters and phylogenetic confirmation of the taxonomic identification are needed. This study aims to examine morphological charateristics and phylogenetic patterns in eight populations of the Dok Hin in Northern Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin from each populations was quantitatively examined using 15 vegetative and 6 reproductive characters meanwhile phylogenetic analyses was explored by DNA barcode ITS2. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two species of Dok Hin, S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata. Selaginella tamariscina can be distinguished from S. pulvinata by its presence of a pseudotrunk above ground and ridges of dorsal leaves. On the other hand, the results of phylogenetic analysis indicated the differences among populations of S. pulvinata as well. Chiang Mai populations of S. pulvinata was characterized by peculiar set of characters long leaves and leaf apices look like caudate, while the rest of their populations have shorter leaves and leaf apices look like aristate. It indicates that S. pulvinata has genetic and phenotypic divergence among populations. However, additional studies of Dok Hin populations in other parts of Thailand and studies on different genetic markers are necessary to confirm the taxonomic status of S. pulvinata. Keywords: Dok Hin, Morphometric, Phylogeny, Pseudotrunk, Resurrection plant","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49487694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.095
Siraphob Lananta, Pontawat Siriratanagool, N. Sommanawan, P. Lerttrakarnnon, S. Boonchuay, Supavit Jirawattanapong, Sirinya Manochomphu, T. Sastraruji, S. Sookkhee
Abstract The study aims to identify Escherichia coli specific and Extended Spectrum β- Lactamase (ESBL) indicative peptide spectra when co-exposed with ceftazidime or other beta-lactams with clavulanic acid in ESBL producing isolates in community acquired urinary tract infected E. coli by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time - of - Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) technique. Among 100 tested E. coli isolates, 13 antibiotics were used to profile the resistant isolates. They were mainly demonstrated the resistance to ampicillin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and tetracycline. The high-, low-, and non-ESBL producers, 43.86%, 40.35% and 15.79%, were classified from these resistant isolates according to the ratio of MIC fold between ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid by E-test. Using the MALDI-TOF technique, 5 E. coli -specific peptide spectra were identified which were located at 4362, 4531, 5380, 6254, and 9063 Da using a cut-off value of 60% of frequency. The significant intensity reduction of spectra at 10477, and 5096 Da were recorded and suspected as ESBL indicative peptide spectra after the exposure to ceftazidime or cefotaxime alone and concomitantly with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the high and low ESBL producers, respectively. The further significant spectra located at 2548, and 8371 and 9713 Da were exclusively related to ceftazidime hydrolysis in the low and high ESBL producers, respectively. There were 3 and 4 significant peptide spectra which were located at 5968, 7153, 9713 and 10477 Da, and 2548, 5096, and 9537 Da were also suspected as being ESBL spectra after exposure to other tested β-lactams in the high and low-ESBL producers, respectively. Keywords: Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase; E. coli; MALDI-TOF, Peptide spectra; β-lactams
{"title":"Different Responses of ESBL Indicative Peptide Spectra to Various β- Lactam Exposures Among Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infected Escherichia coli by Using the MALDI-TOF Technique","authors":"Siraphob Lananta, Pontawat Siriratanagool, N. Sommanawan, P. Lerttrakarnnon, S. Boonchuay, Supavit Jirawattanapong, Sirinya Manochomphu, T. Sastraruji, S. Sookkhee","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study aims to identify Escherichia coli specific and Extended Spectrum β- Lactamase (ESBL) indicative peptide spectra when co-exposed with ceftazidime or other beta-lactams with clavulanic acid in ESBL producing isolates in community acquired urinary tract infected E. coli by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time - of - Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) technique. Among 100 tested E. coli isolates, 13 antibiotics were used to profile the resistant isolates. They were mainly demonstrated the resistance to ampicillin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and tetracycline. The high-, low-, and non-ESBL producers, 43.86%, 40.35% and 15.79%, were classified from these resistant isolates according to the ratio of MIC fold between ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid by E-test. Using the MALDI-TOF technique, 5 E. coli -specific peptide spectra were identified which were located at 4362, 4531, 5380, 6254, and 9063 Da using a cut-off value of 60% of frequency. The significant intensity reduction of spectra at 10477, and 5096 Da were recorded and suspected as ESBL indicative peptide spectra after the exposure to ceftazidime or cefotaxime alone and concomitantly with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the high and low ESBL producers, respectively. The further significant spectra located at 2548, and 8371 and 9713 Da were exclusively related to ceftazidime hydrolysis in the low and high ESBL producers, respectively. There were 3 and 4 significant peptide spectra which were located at 5968, 7153, 9713 and 10477 Da, and 2548, 5096, and 9537 Da were also suspected as being ESBL spectra after exposure to other tested β-lactams in the high and low-ESBL producers, respectively. Keywords: Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase; E. coli; MALDI-TOF, Peptide spectra; β-lactams","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47525846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.12982/cmujns.2021.080
Ramin Abbasgholizadeh, A. Eslami, B. Kaviani
Abstract The present study aimed to predict the growth rate of the common urban trees using mathematical equations for the right plantation location in the landscape. Ginkgo biloba, Liquidambar styraciflua L., Parrotia persica, Zelkova carpinifolia, Acer negundo, and Fraxinus rotundifolia Mill. were selected from city of Rasht, Guilan province, in the northern part of Iran. The study used age as the independent variables and height, trunk height, and crown diameter as the dependent variables. The correlation among the variables were analyzed by different regressions (linear, logarithmic, exponential, power, and polynomial). The results showed that polynomial regression functions provided the best determination coefficient to predict the growth parameters with respect to age in the urban green spaces for aesthetic purposes and also, to reduce costs, tackle interference with transit, urban equipment, and finally developing ecosystems sustainably. Polynomial regression functions can be used to predict tree growth in new urban green spaces in terms of environmental factors and age. Keywords: Ecosystems sustainably, Green space, Growth rate, Urban landscape, Ornamental trees
{"title":"Growth Rate Prediction of Ornamental Trees using Regression Functions in Urban Landscapes","authors":"Ramin Abbasgholizadeh, A. Eslami, B. Kaviani","doi":"10.12982/cmujns.2021.080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmujns.2021.080","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study aimed to predict the growth rate of the common urban trees using mathematical equations for the right plantation location in the landscape. Ginkgo biloba, Liquidambar styraciflua L., Parrotia persica, Zelkova carpinifolia, Acer negundo, and Fraxinus rotundifolia Mill. were selected from city of Rasht, Guilan province, in the northern part of Iran. The study used age as the independent variables and height, trunk height, and crown diameter as the dependent variables. The correlation among the variables were analyzed by different regressions (linear, logarithmic, exponential, power, and polynomial). The results showed that polynomial regression functions provided the best determination coefficient to predict the growth parameters with respect to age in the urban green spaces for aesthetic purposes and also, to reduce costs, tackle interference with transit, urban equipment, and finally developing ecosystems sustainably. Polynomial regression functions can be used to predict tree growth in new urban green spaces in terms of environmental factors and age. Keywords: Ecosystems sustainably, Green space, Growth rate, Urban landscape, Ornamental trees","PeriodicalId":10049,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai University journal of natural sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49591001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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